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Discussion 2

This document describes the components of an Arduino Uno board, including the microcontroller chip, analog and digital input pins, reset switch, crystal oscillator, USB interface chip, and TX-RX indicators. The analog pins can read analog sensor signals and convert them to digital values, while digital pins can be used for input or output and some can perform pulse-width modulation. The reset switch restarts the program from the beginning. The crystal oscillator clocks the microcontroller at 16 million ticks per second. The USB interface chip converts signals between USB and Arduino board levels.

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Mei Joelle Domecillo
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10 views2 pages

Discussion 2

This document describes the components of an Arduino Uno board, including the microcontroller chip, analog and digital input pins, reset switch, crystal oscillator, USB interface chip, and TX-RX indicators. The analog pins can read analog sensor signals and convert them to digital values, while digital pins can be used for input or output and some can perform pulse-width modulation. The reset switch restarts the program from the beginning. The crystal oscillator clocks the microcontroller at 16 million ticks per second. The USB interface chip converts signals between USB and Arduino board levels.

Uploaded by

Mei Joelle Domecillo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CPE 322 – Chapter 2 Microprocessor VS Microcontroller

Part Description
USB connector This is a printer USB port used to load a program
from the Arduino IDE onto the Arduino board.
The board can also be powered through this port.
Power port The Arduino board can be powered through an
AC-to-DC adapter or a battery. The power source
can be connected by plugging in a 2.1mm center-
positive plug into the power jack of the board.

Sources: https://www.hackerearth.com/blog/developers/a-tour-of-the-arduino-uno-board/
https://www.mechanical-farm.com/ufaqs/microprocessor-vs-microcontroller/
Microcontroller It is the most prominent black rectangular chip with 28
pins. Think of it as the brains of your Arduino.
Analog input pins The Arduino UNO board has 6 analog input pins,
labeled “Analog 0 to 5.” These pins can read the signal
from an analog sensor like a temperature sensor and
convert it into a digital value so that the system
understands. These pins just measure voltage and not
the current because they have very high internal
resistance. Hence, only a small amount of current
flows through these pins.

Although these pins are labeled analog and are analog


input by default, these pins can also be used for digital
input or output.
Digital pins You can find these pins labeled “Digital 0 to 13.” These
pins can be used as either input or output pins. When
used as output, these pins act as a power supply
source for the components connected to them. When
used as input pins, they read the signals from the
component connected to them.

When digital pins are used as output pins, they supply


40 milliamps of current at 5 volts, which is more than
enough to light an LED.

Some of the digital pins are labeled with tilde (~)


symbol next to the pin numbers (pin numbers 3, 5, 6,
9, 10, and 11). These pins act as normal digital pins but
can also be used for Pulse-Width Modulation (PWM),
which simulates analog output like fading an LED in
and out.
Reset switch When this switch is clicked, it sends a logical pulse to
the reset pin of the Microcontroller, and now runs the
program again from the start. This can be very useful if
your code doesn’t repeat, but you want to test it
multiple times.
Crystal oscillator This is a quartz crystal oscillator which ticks 16 million
times a second. On each tick, the microcontroller
performs one operation, for example, addition,
subtraction, etc.

USB interface chip Think of this as a signal translator. It converts signals in


the USB level to a level that an Arduino UNO board
understands.

TX – RX indicator TX stands for transmit, and RX for receive. These are


indicator LEDs which blink whenever the UNO board is
transmitting or receiving data.

Sources: https://www.hackerearth.com/blog/developers/a-tour-of-the-arduino-uno-board/
https://www.mechanical-farm.com/ufaqs/microprocessor-vs-microcontroller/

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