e-ISSN: 2582-5208

International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science

( Peer-Reviewed, Open Access, Fully Refereed International Journal )
Volume:04/Issue:04/April-2022 Impact Factor- 6.752 www.irjmets.com

AUTOMATIC CROP PROTECTION FROM HEAVY RAIN FALL AND

PRESERVING RAIN WATER USING IOT
Ritik Bansod*1, Nachiket Kamble*2, Pratik Nimje*3, Kartik Muddamwar*4,
Palkesh Kotrunge*5, Prof. Pravin Pisal*6
*1,2,3,4,5Student, Electrical Engineering, St. Vincent Pallotti College Of Engineering And Technology,
Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.
*6Assistant Professor, Department Of Electrical Engineering, St. Vincent Pallotti College Of
Engineering And Technology, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.
ABSTRACT
With the ongoing fourth revolution, technology has been growing rapidly day by day. One of the most
significant and efficient uses of this has been evident in the farming sector. From a basic water sprinkler system
to the requirement of Fertilizer for specific crops, the likes of Artificial intelligence and the Internet of things
have brought in great changes. One of the issues which need to be addressed is the protection of crops from
heavy rainfall which causes significant damage to the crop production and soil yield, also causing huge mental
distress to a farmer. We in our proposed model have given a solution to this problem by giving automated as
well as manual control. The motivation behind our paper is to keep the crops protected from these heavy
precipitations and preserve the same rainwater for future purposes when water is scarce. We use a Moisture
sensor with a NodeMCU module to ensure the covering of the estimated field and LCD display to show status of
Field.
Keywords: Nodemcu, Artificial Intelligence, Moisture Sensor, LCD Display, Farming Sector.
I. INTRODUCTION
Farming is the science and art of creating plants and creatures. Agriculture was the key headway in the climb of
stationary human advancement whereby the developing of prepared species made sustenance surpluses that
engaged people to live in urban regions. The chronicled background of agriculture began an enormous number
of years earlier. Consequent to get-together wild grains beginning at any rate 1,05,000 years earlier, early
farmers began to plant them around 11,500 years back. Pigs, sheep, and cows were prepared over 10,000 years
earlier. Plants were autonomously developed in any event 11 districts of the world. Modern horticulture
dependent on the enormous scope of monoculture in the twentieth century came to overwhelm agrarian yield,
however around two billion individuals although everything relied on subsistence agribusiness into the twenty-
first. The natural impact of agribusiness is the effect that diverse cultivating practices have on the general
conditions, and how those effects can be followed back to those practices. The characteristic impact of
agribusiness fluctuates reliant on the wide combination of agricultural practices [10] used over the world.
Finally, the normal impact depends upon the creative practices of the system used by farmers. The relationship
between spreads into the earth and the developing system is convoluted, in this manner it depends upon other
air factors such as precipitation and temperature. There are two kinds of markers of natural impact: "signifies
based", which relies upon the farmer's creation procedures, and "impact-based", which is the impact that
developing strategies have on the cultivating structure or spreads to the earth. An instance of a strategies-based
marker would be the idea of groundwater that is impacted by the proportion of nitrogen applied to the earth. A
marker reflecting the loss of nitrate to groundwater [10] would be impact based. The techniques based on
assessment realize farmers’ demonstrations of agribusiness, and the impact-based assessment deliberates the
genuine effects of the agrarian system. For illustrations, the methods-based analysis may look at pesticides and
treatment. Systems that farmers are using, and impact-based assessment would consider the CO2 which is
being released or what the Nitrogen substance of the soil is. The natural effect of agribusiness includes an
assortment of components from the dirt, to water, the air, creature and soil assortment, individuals, plants [10],
and the nourishment itself. A portion of the ecological issues that are identified with farming is environmental
change, deforestation, no man's lands, hereditary building, water system issues, contamination, soil corruption,
and waste. These days, during the stormy season the developed harvests get influenced because of

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 e-ISSN: 2582-5208
International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science
( Peer-Reviewed, Open Access, Fully Refereed International Journal )
Volume:04/Issue:04/April-2022 Impact Factor- 6.752 www.irjmets.com
overwhelming precipitation. The proposed framework includes security of the harvests via auto rooftop which
covers the specific region. The downpour sensor is actuated when there is precipitation, and it will offer
implications to the farmer through the GSM module [8] by sending SMS. Hence to close the rooftop, the farmer
needs to send an SMS to the GSM module. When the downpour is halted, the controller consequently opens the
rooftop. This research paper is more acquainted with the objective and motivation behind the proposed
method. Collected fields get influenced or demolished because of substantial downpour and shortage issues.
Various existing systems are discussed in the literature survey also listed their practical views and explained
proposed strategies to defeat the impediments of the current one and give the best outcomes to farmers. The
significant objective of this paper is to keep the reaped crops from the overwhelming precipitation and spare
the downpour water. The rain sensor is utilized for the working of the rooftop when there is precipitation.
II. LITERATURE SURVEY
We've examined work on similar projects in the past and know how to do research. Agriculture is the backbone
of the Indian economy, according to many ways. Agriculture is the primary source of nourishment for us,
making life impossible without it. However, in the current situation, finding farm employees is difficult. Modern
development is prompted by the computerization of all industries. Up to a certain extent, the agricultural
process is automated here.
P. Goutham Goud et al [1] Rain sensor, a sophisticated microprocessor, and a DC motor are used in a system
where the deluge is recognised and a protective shield is wrapped around the rooftop. The rain sensor of such a
drying shed protects the harvest from rain and wetness. To automate this task, a rainfall detects the downpour
and sends the information to the microcontroller. A defensive wrapper is wrapped over the rooftop top, and the
microcontroller forms the information and activates the DC motor control circuit.
Dheekshith et al [2] developed a system for identifying precipitation by using a downpour distinguishing
sensor. The sensor is connected to a direct actuator motor and a spread job that protects against rain. When the
sensor detects rain, it goes to work and pivots the spreading roll, which covers the gathered merchandise and
protects the farmer from losses.
Naveen K B et al [3] suggested a framework that was structured using the Proteus programming language.
When the rain sensor detects a deluge, the soil moisture sensor determines dampness content, which is
displayed on the LCD. . The value sent to the PIC microcontroller is determined by the soil moisture sensor,
temperature sensor, and rain sensor. The automatic rainwater and crop saving system protect crops from
excessive rainwater by taking into consideration the attributes.
The current work entails preserving the unique resources that are available to mankind. We can limit the flow
of water and so eliminate waste by assessing the status of the soil productively. Water stream can be obligated
by substantially sending by knowing the state of moistness, and temperature over with the use of
unexpectedness and temperature sensors. There are currently no effective frameworks available in the current
situation. The farmer must go to the drying region and cover the gathered fields, which is particularly difficult if
the farmer's location is distant from the harvest and the entire crop would be pummeled by the downpour
before the farmer arrives.
Limitation of Existing Systems:
 The greenhouse has certain limitations such as it cannot be adjusted to climatic conditions and it will not
allow the sun to pass through the crop as shown in figure 3.
 Most of the existing systems concentrated on covering the crop from rainfall by providing a roof over the
crop rather than focusing on the water level required for a particular crop.
 If the crop needs a certain amount of water in such case farmer needs to permit the rain over the crop and
once it’s having sufficient amount of water content then he can protect the crop by covering it with a roof.
 Though we preserve the rainwater during rainfall, later if the farmer wants to use it for the crops it
consumes more electrical power.
 The rainwater still is a huge cause of soil erosion as the rainwater from the cover still gets immersed in the
soil.

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 e-ISSN: 2582-5208
International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science
( Peer-Reviewed, Open Access, Fully Refereed International Journal )
Volume:04/Issue:04/April-2022 Impact Factor- 6.752 www.irjmets.com
III. PROPOSED SYSTEM
To overcome the limitations of existing systems, we have proposed a framework that covers the harvested
crops from heavy precipitation and navigates this water to the nearest storage chamber to avoid soil erosion
and have the least impact on crop yield. The method consists of ATMEGA328P Micro-controller, NodeMCU wifi
module to control the system from a nearby place, Soil Moisture Sensor, LCD which will give live readings to the
farmer.

Figure 1: Block Diagram of Proposed System.

IV. CONSTRUCTION AND WORKING
Tables 1: COMPONENT USED
S.No. Component Description
It is an open-source stage utilized for building electronic activities. Arduino
comprises both a physical programmable circuit board and a bit of
1. ATMEGA328P
programming, or IDE (Integrated
Development Environment) that runs on PC used to give orders and control it.
Soil Moisture The sensor module is used for the detection of moisture in the soil. It gives a
2.
Detector signal to the microcontroller to initiate.
It is a low-cost open-source IoT platform. The module is mainly based
3. NodeMCU V3 on ESP8266 a low-cost Wi-Fi microchip incorporating both a full TCP/IP stack
and microcontroller capability.
A motor driver goes about as an interface between the motors and the control
4. Motor Driver & Relay units. Usually, motors work under high current but the control unit requires a
low current signal. Relays ensure that the Motor gets adequate current.
A motor is an electronic device used to transverse electric energy into
5. Motors
mechanical energy. They work under the principle of Electromagnetism.

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 e-ISSN: 2582-5208
International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science
( Peer-Reviewed, Open Access, Fully Refereed International Journal )
Volume:04/Issue:04/April-2022 Impact Factor- 6.752 www.irjmets.com

Figure 2: Circuit Diagram

WORKING:
The soil moisture actuates when the circuit between two electrodes is completed due to the presence of water
between them and sends the signal to the controller. The controller then sends a signal to the Motor driver to
unfurl the cloth/plastic over the designated field area. The NodeMCU module gives precedence to farmers and
complete control over the automated system. The module is linked to a browser that shows the live reading of
temperature and humidity with an ON/OFF switch to the farmer.
ADVANTAGES:
 Protection of harvested crop from rain.
 Protection of crop from insects.
 The proposed system works for longer period.
 The roof has flexibility to use whenever it is required.
 Preserved rainwater can be used for the crops or household and irrigation purpose.
APPLICATION:
 The proposed framework can be used for drying garments.
 This system can be utilized to save machinery.

Figure 3: Circuit Diagram (Hardware Project) Figure 4: Actual View of Project

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 e-ISSN: 2582-5208
International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science
( Peer-Reviewed, Open Access, Fully Refereed International Journal )
Volume:04/Issue:04/April-2022 Impact Factor- 6.752 www.irjmets.com
V. CONCLUSION
Using Arduino Uno as the controller, the proposed architecture addressed how the field can be automatically
protected from rain. With this proposed structure, we can successfully rescue tens of thousands of hectares of
farmland from destruction. If the water in the soil is insufficient, the excess rain water can be stored and used
for crops, as well as for other needs such as household. As a result, the proposed system's findings show that it
is reliable and may be used efficiently by farmers.
VI. REFERENCES
[1] P. Goutham Goud, N. Suresh, Dr. E. Surendhar, G. Goutham, V. Madhu kiran “Rain sensor automatically
controlled drying shed for crop yield farmers”, International Research Journal of Engineering and
Technology (IRJET), 2010.
[2] P. Deekshith, P.L.N Varma, P. Tarun Krishna Vamsi “Automatic rain sensing harvested product
protector” International Journal of Electronics, Electrical and Computational System (IJEECS), ISSN
2348-117X, Vol. 7, Issue.4, April 2018.
[3] Ajay, Akash, Shivashankar, Patil Sangmesh “Agriculture crop protection with rain water harvesting and
power generation” International Journal of Scientific Research and Review, ISSN No:2279-543X, Vol.
07, Issue. 03, March 2019.
[4] Naveen K B, Naveen kumar S K, Purushotham M D, Sagar G H, Yogesh M N “Automatic rain water and
crop saving system” International Journal of Advance Engineering and Research Development
(IJAERD) Vol. 5, Issue. 05, May 2018.
[5] Sathvik, Vishal V Rane, Abubakkar siddiq, Jason D Souza “Automatic harvested crop protection system
with GSM and rain detector” International Journal of Engineering and Research and Technology
(IJERT), ISSN:2278-0181.
[6] R. Balathandapani, D. Bhoopathi, S. Jotheeshwaran, G.Arundeva, C.Saranya “Automatic rain water and
crop saving system using embedded technology” International Journal of Science, Engineering and
Technology (IJSERT), Vol.4, Issue.3, March 2015.
[7] Tony Olsson, David Gaetano, Jonas Odhner, Samson Wiklund, “Open software- fashionable prototyping
and wearable computing using the Arduino”.
[8] Guy Inchald, “Introduction to GSM”, Second Edition.
[9] Islam, N.S. Wasi-ur-Rahman, M. “An intelligent SMS- based remote water metering system”. 12th
International conference on computers and Information Technology, 21-23 Dec. 2009.
[10] DrashtiDivani, PallaviPatil, and Sunil K, “Automated Plant Watering System,” ICCPEIC, 20-21 April
2016.
[11] Vinay Mohan, V.Praveen Kumar, Thejesh Kakumani, Dr. T.K. Ramesh, “Automated irrigation system
with partition facility for effective irrigation of small scale farms,” Ecology, Environment and
Conservation Volume 21, Issue 1, Pg.369-375, 2015.

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