Scribd
Upload
21 views

Chap2 PartII

The document discusses IPv6 including its expanded 128-bit address space, simplified header format, and support for extensions. IPv6 headers contain fields for version, traffic class, flow label, payload length, and source/destination addresses. Header extensions allow additional options and routing information.

Uploaded by

ANUPRASAD KUMMALI
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
21 views

Chap2 PartII

The document discusses IPv6 including its expanded 128-bit address space, simplified header format, and support for extensions. IPv6 headers contain fields for version, traffic class, flow label, payload length, and source/destination addresses. Header extensions allow additional options and routing information.

Uploaded by

ANUPRASAD KUMMALI
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 15

IP Version 6

„ The explosive growth of the Internet


„ IPv4 address space, 32-bit
„ Real-time and interactive applications
„ Expanded address space, 128 bits
„ Simplified header format
„ Enabling easier processing of IP datagrams
„ Improved support for headers and extensions
„ Enabling greater flexibility for the introduction of new
options
„ Flow-labeling capability
„ Better support at the IP level for real-time app.
„ Authentication and privacy

Internet Telephony 1
IPv6 Header [1/3]

Internet Telephony 2
IPv6 Header [2/3]

„ Version
„ 6
„ Traffic Class, 8-bit
„ For the quality of service
„ Flow Label, 20-bit
„ Label sequences of packets that belong to a single
flow
„ A flow := source address, destination address,
flow label

Internet Telephony 3
IPv6 Header [3/3]

„ Payload Length, 16-bit unsigned integer


„ The length of payload in octets
„ Header extensions are part of the payload
„ Next Header, 8-bit
„ The next higher-layer protocol
„ Same as the IPv4
„ The existence of IPv6 header extensions
„ Hop Limit, 8-bit unsigned integer
„ The TTL field of the IPv4 header
„ Source and Destination Addresses, 128-bit

Internet Telephony 4
IPv6 addresses

„ XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX
„ X is a hexadecimal character
„ E.g., 1511:1:0:0:0:FA22:45:11
„ The symbol “::” can be used to represent a number
of contiguous fields with zero values.
„ = 1511:1::FA22:45:11
„ 0:0:0:0:AA11:50:22:F77 = ::AA11:50:22:F77
„ “::” can appears only once

Internet Telephony 5
IPv6 special addresses
„ The all-zeros address, ::
„ An unspecified address; a node does not yet know its
address
„ The loopback address, ::1
„ On a virtual internal interface
„ IPv6 address with embedded IPv4 address (type 1)
„ 96-bit zeros + 32-bit IPv4 address
„ ::140.113.17.5
„ Used by IPv6 hosts and routers that tunnel IPv6 packets
through an IPv4 infrastructure
„ IPv6 address with embedded IPv4 address (type 2)
„ 80-bit zeros + FFFF + 32-bit IPv4 address
„ 0:0:0:0:0:FFFF:140.113.17.5
„ ::FFFF:140.113.17.5
„ Applied to nodes that do not support IPv6
Internet Telephony 6
IPv6 Header Extensions

„ To be placed between the fixed header and


the actual data payload
„ Next Header
„ The type of payload carried in the IP datagram
„ The type of header extension
„ Each extension has its own next header field.

Internet Telephony 7
Header extension

„ Use the next header field

Internet Telephony 8
Hop-by-hop Extension [1/3]
„ It is only one exception.
„ Examined and processed by every intermediate node
„ If present, the hop-by-hop extension must immediately
follow the IP header
„ Of variable length
„ Next header
„ Length
„ in units of eight octets
„ Options
„ TLV (Type-Length-Value) format
„ Type: 8-bit
„ Length: 8-bit (in units of octets)
„ Value: variable length
„ Type [0:2] are of special significance

Internet Telephony 9
Hop-by-hop Extension [2/3]

„ Hop-by-hop header extension

Internet Telephony 10
Hop-by-hop Extension [3/3]

„ Option Type: the first two bits (how the node react if
it does not understand the option)
„ 00: skip this option and continue processing the header
„ 01: discard the packet
„ 10: discard the packet and send an ICMP Parameter Problem,
Code 2 message to the originator of the packet
„ 11: do above only if the destination address in the IP header
is not a multicast address
„ Option Type: the third bit
„ 1, the option data can be changed
„ 0, cannot

Internet Telephony 11
„ Destination options extension
„ Has the same format as the hop-by-hop extension
„ Only the destination node examine the extension.
„ Header type = 60
„ Routing Extension
„ A routing type field to enable various routing
options
„ Only routing type 0 is defined for now
„ Specify the nodes that should be visited

Internet Telephony 12
Routing Extension [1/2]

Internet Telephony 13
Routing Extension [2/2]
„ Routing type
„ Segments Left
„ The number of nodes that still need to be visited
„ A list of IP addresses needs to be visited
„ Is this type of header analyzed by intermediate
node?
„ Yes or no
„ A->Z, 3, (B,C,D)
„ A->B, 3, (C,D,Z)
„ A->C, 2, (B,D,Z) by B
„ A->D, 1, (B,C,Z) by C
„ A->Z, 0, (B,C,D) by D

Internet Telephony 14
Interoperation IPv4 and IPv6
„ IPv4 and IPv6 will coexist for a long time
„ IPv4 nodes Ù IPv6 nodes
„ IPv6 nodes Ù IPv6 nodes via IPv4 networks
„ IPv4 nodes Ù IPv4 nodes via IPv6 networks
„ IPv4-compatible nodes with IPv4-compatible
addresses at the boundaries of IPv6 networks
„ IPv6 in IPv4 packets

Internet Telephony 15

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy