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Heat Transfer in Fins

The document discusses extended surfaces and fins for increasing heat transfer via convection. It provides background on convection and how increasing surface area, temperature difference, or convection coefficient can improve heat transfer. It then analyzes fins mathematically, setting up an ordinary differential equation to describe heat transfer along the fin and derive an expression for the fin heat transfer rate using boundary conditions.

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Srinivasan 21BME1128
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54 views44 pages

Heat Transfer in Fins

The document discusses extended surfaces and fins for increasing heat transfer via convection. It provides background on convection and how increasing surface area, temperature difference, or convection coefficient can improve heat transfer. It then analyzes fins mathematically, setting up an ordinary differential equation to describe heat transfer along the fin and derive an expression for the fin heat transfer rate using boundary conditions.

Uploaded by

Srinivasan 21BME1128
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Module 2

Conduction II
Extended Surfaces/Fins
Extended Surfaces/Fins

Convection: Heat transfer between a solid surface and a moving


fluid is governed by the Newton’s cooling law: q = hA(Ts-T).
Therefore, to increase the convective heat transfer, one can

• Increase the temperature difference (Ts-T) between the


surface and the fluid.

• Increase the convection coefficient h. This can be


accomplished by increasing the fluid flow over the surface since
h is a function of the flow velocity and the higher the velocity,
the higher the h. Example: a cooling fan.

• Increase the contact surface area A. Example: a heat sink with


fins.
Extended Surface Analysis

Tb P: the fin perimeter


Ac: the fin cross-sectional area

dq x
q x   kAC
dT q x  dx  qx  dx
dx dx

AC is the cross-sectional area

dq conv  h( dAS )(T  T ), where dA S is the surface area of the element


dq x
Energy Balance: q x  q x  dx  dqconv  qx  dx  hdAS (T  T )
dx
d 2T
 kAC 2 dx  hP(T  T )dx  0, if k, A C are all constants.
dx
Extended Surface Analysis (cont.)

d 2 T hP
2
 (T  T )  0, A second - order, ordinary differential equation
dx kAC
Define a new variable  ( x ) = T ( x )  T , so that
d 2 hP
2
 m 2
  0, where m 2
 , ( D 2
 m 2
)  0
dx kAC
Characteristics equation with two real roots: + m & - m
The general solution is of the form
 ( x )  C1e mx  C2 e  mx
To evaluate the two constants C 1 and C 2 , we need to specify
two boundary conditions:
The first one is obvious: the base temperature is known as T(0) = Tb
The second condition will depend on the end condition of the tip
Extended Surface Analysis (cont.)
For example: assume the tip is insulated and no heat transfer
d/dx(x=L)=0

The temperature distribution is given by


T ( x ) - T  cosh m( L  x )
 
Tb  T b cosh mL
The fin heat transfer rate is
dT
q f   kAC ( x  0)  hPkAC tanh mL  M tanh mL
dx
These results and other solutions using different end conditions are
the following
tabulated in Table finstextbook,
3.4 in HT table p. 118.
Problem
Problem
Problem
Problem

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