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BRIGHT RIDERS SCHOOL

ABU DHABI
WORKSHEET
FORCE AND PRESSURE
GRADE: 8 SUB: SCIENCE
Level I
1. How can we change the speed and the direction of a moving body?

The speed of a moving body can be changed by applying a force to it, either in the
direction of motion to increase its speed or in the opposite direction to decrease its
speed. The force can be applied using various methods such as gravity, friction, or an
external force. The direction of motion of a moving body can be changed by applying a
force at an angle to its current direction of motion, causing it to change direction. The
force can be applied using various methods such as a magnetic force, a gravitational
force, or a mechanical force. The new direction of motion will depend on the angle and
magnitude of the applied force.
In summary, the speed and direction of a moving body can be changed by applying a
force to it in a desired direction and magnitude.
2 Identify the force exerted
a. Making dough –
b. Iron needle and magnet-
c. Meteor entering earth’s atmosphere –
d. Freely falling stone –
e. Synthetic clothes stick to the skin during dry weather –
f. Smaller pieces fall down while sieving grains
ANS-

g.
a. a. Making dough: The force exerted is the mechanical force of
the hands or other equipment used to knead and shape the
dough.
b. b. Iron needle and magnet: The force exerted is the magnetic
force between the magnetic field of the magnet and the magnetic
domains of the iron needle.
c. c. Meteor entering earth’s atmosphere: The force exerted is the
atmospheric drag force and the gravitational force of the Earth.
d. d. Freely falling stone: The force exerted is the gravitational force
of the Earth.
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e. e. Synthetic clothes stick to the skin during dry weather: The

force exerted is the electrostatic force between the charged
synthetic clothes and the skin.
f. f. Smaller pieces fall down while sieving grains: The force exerted
is the gravitational force of the Earth, causing the smaller pieces
to fall through the holes in the sieve.

2. What is meant by atmospheric pressure?

Atmospheric pressure is the force per unit area exerted by the weight of the atmosphere.
It's a measure of the pressure at any given point in the Earth's atmosphere. It is
measured in several units, but the most common ones are inches of mercury (inHg),
millimeters of mercury (mmHg), and hectopascals (hPa). At sea level, the average
atmospheric pressure is 1013.25 hPa, or 29.92 inHg.
Imagine the Earth's atmosphere as a giant column of air pressing down on every square
inch of the surface. This pressure can change depending on the temperature, humidity,
and altitude. For example, when a high-pressure system moves into an area, it can bring
clear skies and calm weather. Conversely, low-pressure systems can bring clouds, wind,
and precipitation.
Atmospheric pressure can also be used to predict the weather. For example, a rapidly
falling barometer can indicate an approaching storm, while a slowly rising barometer can
indicate fair weather. Therefore, understanding atmospheric pressure is essential for
meteorologists and anyone interested in weather and climate.

3. What is the similarity between electrostatic and magnetic forces?

Both electrostatic and magnetic forces are part of the fundamental forces of nature, and
they share some similarities:
Both are long-range forces, meaning they can act over large distances.
Both are vector quantities, having both magnitude and direction.
Both are inverse-square forces, meaning the force decreases as the distance between
the objects increases, following the formula F = k/r^2, where F is the force, k is a
constant, and r is the distance.
Both are related to charge, with electrostatic forces being caused by stationary charges
and magnetic forces being caused by moving charges (currents).
Both can be described by a field concept, with the electric field (E) and magnetic field (B)
being used to describe the space around a charge or current.
It's worth noting that while they have some similarities, electrostatic and magnetic forces
also have some key differences. For example, electrostatic forces are always attractive or
repulsive, while magnetic forces can either attract or repel, but only if the magnets are
oriented in the correct way. Additionally, magnetic forces require a closed loop to exist,
while electrostatic forces do not.
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It is difficult to cut cloth using a pair of scissors with blunt blades.

Explain
Lack of sharpness: Blunt blades lack the sharpness required to cut through the fabric
easily. This can result in the scissors slipping off the fabric, causing the cut to be less
precise and potentially leaving a ragged edge.
Insufficient pressure: With blunt blades, the pressure applied by the scissors to the
fabric is not sufficient to cut through it. This can result in the scissors not being able to
cut through the fabric, or the cut being too shallow.
Level II
1. What are the main effects of force?
2. Define force and pressure? What is their relationship?
3. Explain contact and non-contact forces. Give example.
4. State Pascal’s law.
5. Give two examples of pressure in everyday life.
6. Calculate the pressure if a force of 8N is applied on an area of 2cm 2.
7. Calculate your weight if you are on moon.

1. Explain why the porters place a round piece of cloth on their heads whenever they have
to carry heavy loads

1. The main effects of force are changes in motion or deformation of an object.

According to Newton's second law, the acceleration of an object is directly
proportional to the net force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass. This
means that the greater the force, the greater the acceleration, and the smaller the
mass, the greater the acceleration.

2. Force is a push or pull upon an object resulting from the object's interaction with another
object. Its unit is the newton (N). Pressure, on the other hand, is defined as force per unit
area, with the unit of pascal (Pa). The relationship between force and pressure is that
pressure is the force applied per unit area, so increasing the force or decreasing the area
will result in a higher pressure.

3. Contact forces are forces that require physical contact between two objects to occur.
Examples of contact forces include friction, normal force, and applied force. Non-contact
forces are forces that do not require physical contact between two objects to occur.
Examples of non-contact forces include gravity, electric force, and magnetic force.

4. Pascal's law states that a pressure change in a confined incompressible fluid is

transmitted undiminished to all points of the fluid and to the walls of the container.

5. Examples of pressure in everyday life include the air pressure that supports the weight
of an airplane and the water pressure that allows fish to swim at great depths.
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6. To calculate the pressure, you can use the formula P = F/A. Given a force of 8N and an
area of 2cm^2, the pressure would be P = 8N / 2cm^2 = 4 N/cm^2 = 40000 Pa.

7. Your weight on the moon is calculated by multiplying your mass by the acceleration due
to gravity on the moon. The acceleration due to gravity on the moon is about 1.62 m/s^2,
which is about 1/6th of the acceleration due to gravity on Earth. So, if your mass is 50 kg
on Earth, your weight on the moon would be 50 kg x 1.62 m/s^2 = 81 N.

8. The round shape of the cloth distributes the weight of the load evenly over a larger area
of the porter's head, reducing the pressure and making it easier to carry the load. This is
an application of Pascal's law.
Level III
1. Why is the bottom part of the foundation of a building made wider?
2. Why skiers use flat and long skis on snow?
3. A boy weighing 50kg stands on an ice skate, the blade of which is 0.5cm wide and
25cm long. What pressure does he exert?
4. Why do deep-sea divers have to wear special suits before going for diving at the
depths?
5. A rocket has been fired upwards in the sky to launch a satellite in its orbit. Name
the two forces that act on the rocket immediately after it leaves the launching pad.
6. Why it is easier to walk on soft sand if we have flat shoes rather than shoes with
sharp heels (or pencil heels)?

1. the weight of the building evenly across the foundation. This ensures that the foundation
does not buckle or collapse under the weight of the building.
2. Skiers use flat and long skis on snow because they provide better grip and control on the
snow. The flat shape allows the skis to glide smoothly over the snow, while the long
length allows the skier to maintain balance and control.
3. The pressure exerted by the boy on the ice skate can be calculated using the formula P =
F/A, where P is the pressure, F is the force exerted by the boy (500 N, as he weighs 50
kg), and A is the area of contact between the skate and the ice (0.000625 m², as the blade
is 0.5 cm wide and 25 cm long). Therefore, the pressure is P = 500 N / 0.000625 m² = 785
Pa.
4. Deep-sea divers have to wear special suits before going for diving at the depths because
the pressure at depths can be very high. This pressure can cause the divers' bodies to
swell, leading to decompression sickness. The special suits help to equalize the
pressure inside and outside the diver, preventing this swelling and reducing the risk of
decompression sickness.
5. The two forces that act on the rocket immediately after it leaves the launching pad are
the gravitational force (downwards) and the thrust force (upwards). The thrust force is
provided by the rocket engine, which is designed to generate a large amount of force to
propel the rocket into space.
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6. It is easier to walk on soft sand with flat shoes rather than shoes with sharp heels
because the flat shoes distribute the weight of the person evenly across the sole of the
shoe. This allows the shoe to deform and adapt to the uneven surface of the sand,
reducing the risk of slipping or twisting. In contrast, shoes with sharp heels can dig into
the sand and cause the person to lose their balance, making it harder to walk on soft
sand.e bottom part of the foundation of a building is made wider to distribute