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Infinitive 20240304 185617 0000

The document discusses the infintive form of verbs in English. It defines the present, progressive, perfect, and passive infinitives and provides examples of their uses including as the object of certain verbs and after modal verbs. It also discusses the bare infinitive form and its uses after certain verbs and in questions.

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41 views13 pages

Infinitive 20240304 185617 0000

The document discusses the infintive form of verbs in English. It defines the present, progressive, perfect, and passive infinitives and provides examples of their uses including as the object of certain verbs and after modal verbs. It also discusses the bare infinitive form and its uses after certain verbs and in questions.

Uploaded by

valeriaaguirreburneo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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INFINITIVE

Presented by Carlos Oruna


Definition
Is the basic form of a verb, without an
inflection binding it to a particular subject
or tense.
FORMS
Present Infinitive Progressive Infinitive
Used to refer to actions that are Used to refer to ongoing actions or
happening at the same time as the actions in progress.
main verb or actions that are habitual
or timeless. Example: She seems to be working.
(The action of working is ongoing.)
Example: She wants to study. (The
action of studying is occurring at the
same time as the verb "wants.")
FORMS
Perfect Infinitive Passive Infinitive
Used to refer to actions that occurred Used to form passive constructions.
before the time of the main verb.
Example: The book is easy to read.
Example: She seems to have finished (Passive construction with the
her work. (The action of finishing infinitive "to read.")
occurred before the action of
seeming.)
BE CAREFUL
The perfect infinitive progressive, while theoretically possible, is an
extremely rare and complex construction in English.

For example: She seems to have been having been working on the project.

This sentence attempts to combine the perfect aspect ("have been"), the
progressive aspect ("been working"), and the infinitive form of the verb ("to
work"). However, such constructions are highly unusual and would likely be
considered awkward or even ungrammatical by native speakers.

This combination is rarely if ever used in practice, as it can lead to


cumbersome and convoluted sentence structures.
PRESENT INFINITIVE USES
Purpose Object of Certain Verbs Direct Object
The infinitive is used after the The infinitive is used after certain Sentence: "She ate an apple."
word "to" to express purpose or verbs such as advise, ask, expect, Verb: "ate"
intent. hope, want, etc., to indicate the →
Ask: "ate what?" "an apple"
action that follows. It is the direct Direct Object: "apple"
Example: She went to the store to object.
buy some groceries. Example: She wants to learn Sentence: "They gave him the book."
Spanish. Verb: "gave"
It answers the question "why" an
action is performed.
Example: He expects to arrive →
Ask: "gave what?" "the book"
early. Direct Object: "the book"
PRESENT INFINITIVE USES
Noun
The infinitive can function as a noun in
a sentence.

Example: To err is human. (Here, "to


err" functions as the subject of the
sentence.)

Example: He has a desire to travel.


(Here, "to travel" functions as the
object of the preposition "desire.")
Bare Infinitive
Also known as the base form of the verb, is the form of the verb
without the particle "to." The bare infinitive is the base form of the
verb, which means it is not conjugated to show tense, person, or
number. Its usage depends on the context and the specific verb,
adjective, adverb, or noun it is paired with.
BARE INFINITIVE USES
After Modal Verbs After Certain Verbs After why, why not
The bare infinitive is used after The bare infinitive is used after The bare infinitive is used after
modal verbs (such as can, could, certain verbs such as make, let, "why," "how," and "what" in certain
may, might, must, shall, should, help, hear, see, watch, and feel. constructions.
will, would) to express possibility,
necessity, obligation, permission, Example: She made him apologize. Example: Why swim when you can
or ability. fly?
Example: She can sing very well. Example: Let me know if you need
Example: He must finish his any help. Example: Why not buy another
homework. book?
Perfect Infinitive
Also known as the infinitive perfect or perfect infinitive construction, is formed
with the auxiliary verb "have" followed by the past participle of the main verb.

The perfect infinitive is a versatile construction in English grammar used to


express various aspects of completed actions, assumptions, deductions, regret,
and past possibilities. Its usage depends on the context and the intended meaning
of the sentence.
PERFECT INFINITIVE USES
After Modal Verbs
The perfect infinitive is used after
modal verbs such as should,
would, could, might, and must to
express past possibility,
obligation, or necessity.

Example: He must have finished


his homework by now.
Question Time
Thank
You

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