Notes of

CATIA V5 - CAD

-: INDEX :-

Sr. No. TOPIC PAGE

1 SOFTWARE SCENARIO 2
2 SKETCHER 4
3 PART MODE 16
4 SURFACE BASED FEATURES 78
5 GENERATIVE SHAPE DESIGN 82
6 ASSEMBLY 147
7 DRAFTING 150

NOTE:
# These notes are prepared for student’s reference only.
# Do not make copy or misuse of these notes.

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Entering the Software Scenario:
By Default the CATIA opens in CATIA Product Application. To go in CATIA Part Design Application.

Click File->New->Part.

Click OK to enter in to Part design workbench.

This is how Part Design Workbench looks

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Entering the Sketcher Workbench:
This task lists the different ways of entering the Sketcher workbench. To create a sketch, you have
two possibilities,

• Select Start -> Mechanical Design -> Sketcher from the menu bar.

• Select the Sketcher icon and click the desired reference plane either in the geometry area or
in the specification tree, or select a planar surface.

This is how Sketcher Workbench looks.

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Sketcher:
The following sketcher Icons are offered by this workbench.

Profiles:

Profile:

This task shows how to create a closed profile. A profile may also be open (if you click the profile
end point in the free space). Profiles may be composed of lines and arcs which you create either by
clicking or using the Sketch tools toolbar.

The Sketch tools toolbar appears with option commands and values:

Line (active by default) Tangent Arc Three Point Arc

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Predefined profiles:

Rectangle:

Create rectangle by using two diagonal points.

Oriented rectangle:

Create oriented rectangle by using three points.

Parallelogram:

Create parallelogram by selecting three points.

Elongated hole:

First two points will define center to center (CTC) distance; third point pt will define the radius.

Cylindrical elongated hole:

First pt will define the circle, second and third will define the arc and last pt will define the radius
of hole.

Key hole:

First two pts will define the CTC distance, third and fourth would define two radii.

Hexagon:

First pt would define the center of hexagon, second would define the center point of side
of hexagon.

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Circle:

Circle:

Circle using two points one for center and one for radius.

Three point circle:

Circle is created through three points.

Circle by co-ordinates:

Circles created by entering the center pt coordinates and radius value.

Tri-tangent circle:

By selecting three elements, a tangential circle is created.

Arc by three points:

An arc created through three points.

Arc by limit:

Arc is created by first pt as start pt, second as end pt and third pt anywhere on arc.

Arc:

Arc is created by center pt and radius.

Spline:

Indicate the points through which the spline goes. Double-click the last point you have created to
finish the spline creation.

Ellipse:

An ellipse is created by center point, major and then minor semi-axis endpoint.

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Line:

Lines:

A line is created between two points

Infinite line:

An infinite line is created on screen.

Bi-tangent line:

A tangential line created to two elements.

Bisecting lines:

A bisecting line is created between two selected lines.

Axis:

This task shows how to create an axis. You will need axis whenever creating shafts and
grooves. Axis cannot be converted into construction elements.
Here also you have to click first for star point and then second to end point, an axis is created
between those two points.

Points:

A point is created by clicking on screen.

Points by co-ordinates:

A point is created by entering the co-ordinate in H and V directions.

Equidistance points:

Equidistance points are created on selected element by entering the numbers.

Intersection point:

A point is created at intersection of two elements.

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Projection point:

A projected point is created on selected element.

Constraints:

There are times when simple sketches are adequate for your design process, but you will often
need to work on more complex sketches requiring a rich set of geometrical or dimensional
constraints. The Sketcher workbench provides constraint commands which will allow you to fully
sketch your profiles.

Create Quick Dimensional/Geometrical Constraints: Set constraints on elements or between

two or three elements. The constraints are in priority dimensional. Use the contextual menu to get
other types of constraints and to position this constraint as desired.

Create Contact Constraints: Apply a constraint with a relative positioning that can be
compared to contact. You can either select the geometry or the command first. Use the contextual
menu if you want to insert constraints that are not those created in priority.

Create Constraints Using a Dialog Box: Set various geometrical constraints between one or
more elements using a dialog box and if needed, multi-selection.

Auto-Constrain a Group of Elements: Detects possible constraints between selected elements

and imposes these constraints once detected.

Animate Constraints: Assign a set of values to the same angular constraint and examine how
the whole system is affected.

Quickly Creating Dimensional/Geometrical Constraints:

This task shows you how to set dimensional or geometrical constraints between one, two or three
elements. The constraints are in priority dimensional.

In this particular case, we will set constraints between two elements by selecting the command and
then a line and a circle.

But what you can also do is set dimensional constraints by multi-selecting the circle and line, and

then clicking the Constraint icon . At any time, you may move the cursor: the distance value will
vary accordingly. Click for positioning the newly created dimensional constraint.

Select the Constraint icon from the Constraint toolbar.

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Select a first element. For example, a circle. The circle diameter is computed.

Select a second element. For example, a line.

The relation between the two elements is reconsidered. In other words, the diameter of the circle
is no longer displayed.

Creating Constraints via a Dialog Box:

This task shows you how to set various geometrical constraints using a dialog box. For example, you
can use the Constraint command to finalize your profile and set constraints consecutively.

You may define several constraints simultaneously using the Constraint Definition dialog box.

Multi-select the elements to be constrained. For example, two lines.

Click the Constraints Defined in Dialog Box icon from the Constraint toolbar.

The Constraint Definition dialog box appears, indicating the types of constraints you can set between
the selected lines (selectable options).

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• These constraints may be constraints to be applied either one per element (Length, Fix,
Horizontal, and Vertical) or constraints between two selected elements (Distance, Angle,
Coincidence, Parallelism or Perpendicular).
• Multi-selection is available.
• If constraints already exist, they are checked in the dialog box, by default.

Check the Perpendicular option to specify that you want the lines to always remain perpendicular to
each others, whatever ulterior modifications. Click OK.

The perpendicularity symbol appears.

Operations:

Creating Corners:

Select the first line. The selected line is highlighted. Select the second line. The second line is also
highlighted, and the two lines are joined by the rounded corner which moves as you move the
cursor. This lets you vary the dimensions of the corner.

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Creating Chamfers:

This task shows how to create a chamfer between two lines trimming either all, the first or none of
the elements, and more precisely using one of the following chamfer definitions:

Relimitation operations:

Trimming Elements:

This task shows how to trim two lines (either one element or all the elements).
Select the first line. The selected element is highlighted.

Position the cursor on the element to be trimmed.

The second element is highlighted too, and both lines are trimmed.

If you position the cursor on the same first element, it will be trimmed at the location of the
second position.

The location of the relimitation depends on the location of the cursor.

Click when you are satisfied with the relimitation of the two lines.

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 First example Second example

Trimming:
This task shows how to quickly delete elements intersected by other Sketcher elements using
breaking and trimming operations.

Click the Quick Trim icon from the Operation toolbar (Relimitations sub toolbar).

Select part of element which you want to trim.

Then result will be…

Breaking Elements:
This task shows how to break a line using a point on the line and then a point that does not belong
to the line. The Break command lets you break any type of curve, except composite curves. You can
use any Sketcher element to break curves.

Closing Elements:

Click the Close icon from the Operation toolbar (Relimitations sub toolbar).
Select one or more elements to be relimited. For example, a three point arc.

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 The arc is closed.

Complementing an Arc (Circle or Ellipse):

Click on the arc to be complemented to select it. For example, the three points arc.

Click the Complement icon

Select the arc

The compliment of the arc is created.

Transformation operations:

Creating symmetrical Elements:

This task shows you how to repeat existing Sketcher elements using a line, a construction line or an
axis. In this particular case, we will duplicate a circle.

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Create a circle and line.
Select the circle to be duplicated by symmetry.

Click the symmetry icon from the Operation toolbar.

Select the axis you previously created.

The selected circle is duplicated and a symmetry constraint is created.

Translating Elements:

This task will show you how to perform a translation on 2D elements by defining the duplicate mode
and then selecting the element to be duplicated. Multi-selection is not available.

You may either perform a simple translation (by moving elements) or create several copies of 2D
elements.

Translating elements also means re-computing distance, angle and/or length constraint values, if
needed. Be careful: only non-fixed elements are updated.

Rotating Elements:
This task will show you how to rotate elements by defining the duplicate mode and then selecting
the element to be duplicated.

In this scenario, the geometry is simply moved. But note that, you can also duplicate elements with
the Rotation command by giving center for rotation.

Rotating elements also means re-computing distance values into angle values, if needed. Be
careful: only non-fixed elements are updated.

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Scaling Elements:

This task will show you how to scale an entire profile. In other words, you are going to resize a
profile to the dimension you specify.

Here you to give a scaling factor and reference point to scale.

Scaling elements also means re-computing distance values, if needed. Note that angle values will
not be modified. Be careful: only non-fixed elements are updated.

3D geometry:

Project 3d element:

Projects 3D Elements onto the Sketch Plane.

Intersecting 3d element:

Intersects 3D Elements with the Sketch Plane.

Project3d silhouette edge:

Projects 3D Silhouette Edges.

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Entering the Part Mode:

Pad:
Creating a pad means extruding a profile or a surface in one or two directions. The application lets
you choose the limits of creation as well as the direction of extrusion.

Select Sketch as the profile

to be extruded.

Click the Pad icon

The Pad Definition dialog box appears and the application previews the pad to be created.

Limits:
You will notice that by default, the application specifies the length of your pad (Type= Dimension
option). But you can use the following options too:

• UP TO NEXT
• UP TO LAST
• UP TO PLANE
• UP TO SURFACE

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 Up to Next:

In the Type field, set the option to Up to next

This option assumes an existing face can be used to trim the pad. The application previews the pad
to be created. The already existing body trims the extrusion.

Optionally, click Preview to see the result.

Up to Last:

In the Type field, set the option to Up to last.

The last face encountered by the extrusion trims the pad.

Optionally, click Preview to see the result.

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Up to Plane:

In the Type field, set the Type option to Up to plane

Select Plane The application previews the pad to be created. The plane trims the extrusion. An
Offset option is now displayed. Enter the offset value. This offset is the distance between the plane
and the top face of the pad to be created.

Up to Surface:

In the Type field, set the Type option to Up to surface

Select the surface or face up to which you want to pad the sketch. This face belongs to the same
body as the existing pad.

Here also the offset option is displayed, this also operates in the same manner as up to plane
option.

Multi-Pad:

Multi-Pad icon

Select Sketch that contains the profiles to be extruded. Note that all profiles must be closed and
must not intersect. In case a profile would be open, the application would not take it into account.

The Multi-Pad Definition dialog box appears and the profiles are highlighted in green. For each of
them, you can drag associated manipulators to define the extrusion value.

The Multi- Pad Definition dialog box displays the number of domains to be extruded.
Selected Extrusion domain appears in blue in the geometry area.
Specify the length by entering a value. You need to repeat the operation for each extrusion domain
by entering the Value.

Drafted Filleted Pad:

Drafted Filleted Pad icon

This task shows you how to create a pad while drafting its faces and filleting its edges.

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Pocket:
Creating a pocket consists in extruding a profile or a surface and removing the material resulting
from the extrusion. The application lets you choose the limits of creation as well as the direction of
extrusion. The limits you can use are the same as those available for creating pads. To know how to
use them, see Up to Next Pads , Up to Last Pads, Up to Plane Pads, Up to Surface Pads.

This task first shows you how to create a pocket, which is a cavity, in an already existing part.

Select the profile to extrude that is Sketch.

Click the Pocket icon.

The Pocket Definition dialog box is displayed and the application previews a pocket.

You can define a specific depth for your pocket or set one of these options:

• UP TO NEXT
• UP TO LAST
• UP TO PLANE
• UP TO SURFACE

click Preview to see the result. Click OK to create the pocket.

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The Reverse side option lets you choose between removing the material defined within the profile,
which is the application's default behavior, or the material surrounding the profile.

Shaft:
This task illustrates how to create a shaft that is a revolved feature, by using a profile.

Select Sketch as the profile to be extruded. For the purposes of our scenario, the profile and the
axis belong to the same sketch.

Exit the workbench.

Click the Shaft icon

The Shaft Definition dialog box is displayed

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If you have already drawn axis in sketch you need not to select it again ,but if you want have axis
other than that, then either you need to create it in another sketch or you have to select existing
part’s cylindrical face so as to mach with that solid.

Enter the values of your choice in the fields First angle and Second angle.
Alternatively, select the LIM1 or LIM2 manipulator and drag them onto the value of your choice.

Click OK to confirm.

Groove:
Grooves are revolved features that remove material from existing features. This task shows you
how to create a groove that is how to revolve a profile about an axis (or construction line).

Click the Groove icon

Select Sketch as the profile to be used.

The Groove Definition dialog box is displayed

Select any cylindrical surface for axis.

Click OK to confirm the operation

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Holes:
This task shows how to constrain the location of the hole to be created without using the Sketcher
workbench’s tools.

Multi-select both edges as shown and the upper face which is the face on which you wish to position
the hole.

Click the Hole icon

The preview displays two constraints defining the distances between the hole's center and the
edges.

Define the parameters in the dialog box to create the desired hole

The application previews the constraints you are creating.

To access the constraint values, double-click the constraint of interest. This displays the Constraint
Definition dialog box in which you can edit the value.

Click OK to create the hole.

The application positions the hole using constraints.

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There are many other options by which you can create the following types of Holes.

Simple Tapered Counterbored

Countersunk Counterdrilled

Stiffener:
This task shows you how to create a stiffener by specifying creation directions
Select the profile to be extruded that is Sketch (located in the Part Body entity).

This open profile has been created in a plane normal to the face on which the stiffener will lie.

If you need to use an open profile, make sure that existing material can fully limit the extrusion of
this profile

Click the Stiffener icon

The Stiffener Definition dialog box is displayed.

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The extrusion will be made in three directions, two of which are opposite directions. Arrows point
in these directions

Uncheck the Neutral Fiber option.

The extrusion will be made in two directions only. To obtain the directions you need, you can also
click the arrows

Check the Neutral Fiber option again.

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This option adds material equally to both sides of the profile.

Enter x as the thickness value.

This thickness is now evenly distributed: a thickness of x/2 is added to each side of the profile.

Optionally click Preview to see the result.

Click OK.

Ribs and slots:

This task shows you how to create a rib that is how to sweep a profile along a center curve to
create material.

To define a rib, you need a center curve, a planar profile and possibly a reference element or a
pulling direction. You can combine the different elements as follows:

Click the Rib icon.

The Rib Definition dialog box is displayed

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Select the profile you wish to sweep, i.e.Your profile has been designed in a plane normal to the
curve used to define the center curve. It is a closed profile.

Profile Control

You can control its position by choosing one of the following options:

• Keep angle: keeps the angle value between the sketch plane used for the profile and the tangent
of the center curve.
• Pulling direction: sweeps the profile with respect to a specified direction. To define this
direction, you can select a plane or an edge. For example, you need to use this option if your
center curve is a helix. In this case, you will select the helix axis as the pulling direction.
• Reference surface: the angle value between axis h and the reference surface is constant.

To go on with our scenario, let's maintain the Keep angle option. Remember, the angle value is 90
degrees.

Click OK.

The rib is created.

Slot:
This task shows you how to create a slot that is, how to sweep a profile along a center curve to
remove material. This command is same as the rib the only difference is it removes the material.

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Loft:
This task shows how to create a multi-sections solid.

You can generate it by sweeping one or more planar section curves along a computed or user-
defined spine. The feature can be made to respect one or more guide curves. The resulting feature
is a closed volume.

Click the Loft icon

The Loft Definition dialog box appears.

Select the three section curves as shown:

They are highlighted in the geometry area.

The Loft capability assumes that the section curves to be used do not intersect.

Click Preview to preview the feature to be created.

You can note that by default, tangency discontinuity points are coupled

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Several coupling types are available in the Coupling tab:

• Ratio: the curves are coupled according to the curvilinear abscissa ratio.
• Tangency: the curves are coupled according to their tangency discontinuity points. If they do not
have the same number of points, they cannot be coupled using this option.
• Tangency then curvature: the curves are coupled according to their curvature discontinuity points.
If they do not have the same number of points, they cannot be coupled using this option.
• Vertices: the curves are coupled according to their vertices. If they do not have the same number
of vertices, they cannot be coupled using this option

For the purpose of our scenario, you are going to use guide curves. Click the Guide field and select
the four joins. The curves to be used must be joined.

They are highlighted in the geometry area.

It is possible to edit the Loft reference elements by first selecting a curve in the dialog box list then
choosing a button to either:

• Remove the selected curve

• Replace the selected curve by another curve.
• Add another curve.

By default, the application computes a spine, but if you wish to impose a curve as the spine to be
used, you just need to click the Spine tab then the Spine field and select the spine of your choice in
the geometry.

The Relimitation tab lets you specify the feature relimitation type. You can choose to limit the Loft
only on the Start section, only on the End section, on both, or on none.

• when one or both are checked: the Loft is limited to corresponding section
• when one or both are when unchecked: the Loft is swept along the spine:
• if the spine is a user spine, the Loft is limited by the spine extremities
• if the spine is an automatically computed spine, and no guide is selected: the feature is limited
by the start and end sections
• If the spine is an automatically computed spine, and guides are selected, the feature is limited
by the guides extremities.

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Click OK to create the volume.

Removed loft:

Removed Loft icon

This task shows how to remove a multi-sections solid.

The Loft capability generates lofted material surface by sweeping one or several planar section
curves along a computed or user-defined spine then removes this material. The material can be
made to respect one or more guide curves.
All other functions are same as the Loft.

Fillet:
Edge Fillet:

A fillet is a curved face of a constant or variable radius that is tangent to, and that joins, two
surfaces. Together, these three surfaces form either an inside corner or an outside corner.

In drafting terminology, the curved surface of an outside corner is generally called a round and that
of an inside corner is normally referred to as a fillet

Click the Edge Fillet icon

The Edge Fillet Definition dialog box appears.

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Select the edge as shown.

The edge selected then appears in the Objects to fillet field. The application displays the radius
value.

Clicking Preview previews the fillet to be created.

Two propagation modes are available:

• Minimal: edges tangent to selected edges can be taken into account to some extent. The
application continues filleting beyond the selected edge whenever it cannot do otherwise. In our
example below, the fillet is computed on the selected edge and on a portion of tangent edges:

• Tangency: tangencies are taken into account so as to fillet the entire edge and possible tangent
edges.

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For the purpose of our scenario, set the Tangency option. The preview clearly shows that the whole
edge will be filleted.

Enter radius value. The radius value is updated in the geometry area.

Click OK.

Tritangent Fillet:

The creation of tritangent fillets involves the removal of one of the three faces selected

Click the Tritangent Fillet icon.

The Tritangent Fillet Definition dialog box appears.

Select the faces to be filleted.

Select the face to be removed, that is the upper face. The fillet will be tangent to this face.

This face appears in dark red.

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Optionally, click Preview to see the fillet to be created.

Click OK. The faces get filleted.

Variable Radius Fillet:

Variable radius fillets are curved surfaces defined according to a variable radius. A variable radius
corner means that at least two different constant radii are applied to two entire edges.

Click the Variable Radius Fillet icon.

The Variable Radius Fillet Definition dialog box appears.

Select the edge to be filleted. You can define variable radius fillets on closed edges.

The application detects both vertices and displays two identical radius values.

Enter a new radius value to simultaneously change the radius of both vertices. For example, enter
value. The new radius value is displayed on both vertices. The preview is modified accordingly.

Enter different values at both vertices.

To add a point on the edge to make the variable radius fillet more complex, click the Points field.
You can add points by selecting planes or edge.

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Enter a new radius value for this point
The new radius value is displayed

The variation mode is set to Cubic: keep this mode.

In the linear option the joining will be point to point.

Click OK to confirm the operation. The edge is filleted.

Face to Face Fillet:

You generally use the Face-face fillet command when there is no intersection between the faces or
when there are more than two sharp edges between the faces.

Click the Face-Face Fillet icon.

The Face-Face Fillet Definition dialog box appears.

Select the faces to be filleted. click Preview to see the fillet to be created.

Enter a radius value in the Radius field

Click OK.

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Chamfers:
Chamfering consists in removing or adding a flat section from a selected edge to create a beveled
surface between the two original faces common to that edge.

Click the Chamfer icon.

The Chamfer Definition dialog box appears. The default parameters to be defined are Length1 and
Angle. You can change this creation mode and set Length1 and Length2.

Select the edges to be chamfered.

Chamfers can be created by selecting a face: the application chamfers its edges.

Keep the default mode: enter a length value and an angle value.

Optionally, click Preview to see the chamfers to be created. Click OK.

Basic Draft:
Drafts are defined on molded parts to make them easier to remove from molds. The characteristic
elements are:

• Pulling direction: this direction corresponds to the reference from which the draft faces are
defined.
• Draft angle: this is the angle that the draft faces make with the pulling direction. This angle may
be defined for each face.

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• Parting element: this plane, face or surface cuts the part in two and each portion is drafted
according to its previously defined direction. For an example, refer to Draft with Parting
Element.
• Neutral element: this element defines a neutral curve on which the drafted face will lie. This
element will remain the same during the draft. The neutral element and parting element may be
the same element, as shown in Draft with Parting Element.

There are two ways of determining the objects to draft: either by explicitly selecting the object or
by selecting the neutral element, which makes the application, detects the appropriate faces to
use.

Click the Draft Angle icon.

Check the Selection by neutral face option to determine the selection mode.

Select the upper face as the neutral element. This selection allows the application to detect the
face to be drafted.

The neutral element is now displayed in blue, the neutral curve is in pink. The faces to be drafted
are in dark red.

Pulling Direction:

The pulling direction is now displayed on top of the part. It is normal to the neutral face.

Enter degrees as the new angle value.

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The application displays the new angle value in the geometry.

click Preview to see the draft to be created. It appears in blue.

Click the arrow to reverse its direction, and therefore retain the opposite side of the feature.

Click OK to confirm the operation.

Shell:
Shelling a feature means emptying it, while keeping a given thickness on its sides. Shelling may also
consist in adding thickness to the outside. This task shows how to create a cavity.

Select the face to be removed.

Click the Shell icon.

The Shell Definition dialog box appears.
The selected face becomes purple.

Enter value in the Default inside thickness field. Say 5mm.

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Click OK.

Now double click on shell to edit the operation. And select the other thickness option.
In other thickness faces you can obtain variable thickness shell by selecting its adjacent face.
Now enter new value other than the previous one, say 10mm. (see result in right side fig.)

Thickness:
Sometimes, some thicknesses have to be added or removed before machining the part.

This task shows you how to add thickness to a part.

Click the Thickness icon

The Thickness Definition dialog box is displayed.

Select the faces to thicken, i.e. both faces as shown:

The faces become red and the application displays the thickness value in the geometry.

Enter a positive value. For example, enter 15 mm

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Click OK. The part is thickened accordingly.

Pattern:
You may need to duplicate the whole geometry of one or more features and to position this
geometry on a part. Patterns let you do so, and by the way accelerate the creation process.

The application allows you to define three types of patterns:

• Rectangular
• Circular
• User patterns.

How to create a rectangular pattern (step-by-step scenario)

You can also find information about patterns and updates by reading Optimizing Part Design
Application, Patterns.
This task shows you how to duplicate the geometry of one pocket right away at the location of your
choice using a rectangular pattern. Then, you will learn how to modify the location of the initial
feature.

Rectangular Pattern:
Select the feature you wish to copy, that is the pocket as shown:

Click the Rectangular Pattern icon.

The Rectangular Pattern Definition dialog box that appears displays the name of the geometry to
pattern.

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If you click the Rectangular Pattern icon prior to selecting any geometry, by default, the object to
be patterned is the current solid. For more information, refer to Patterning Current Solids.

If you change your mind and decide to pattern the current solid, click the Object field and use the
Get current solid contextual command.

Each tab is dedicated to a direction you will use to define the location of the duplicated feature. In
this task, you will first set your specifications for the first direction.

Keep Specifications Option

Checking the Keep specifications option creates instances with the limit Up to Next (Up to Last, Up
to Plane or Up to Surface) defined for the original feature. In the example below, the limit defined
for the pad, i.e. the Up to surface limit, applies to all instances. As the limiting surface is not
planar, the instances have different lengths.

But for the purposes of our scenario, as the pocket's height is specified, activating the Keep
specifications option is meaningless.

The Keep specifications option is not available if you are patterning a pattern.

Reference Direction
Click the Reference element field and select the edge as shown below to specify the first direction
of creation.

An arrow is displayed on the pad. If needed, check the Reverse button or click the arrow to modify
the direction.

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• To define a direction, you can select an edge or a planar face.
• Contextual commands creating the reference elements you need are available from the
Reference element field:
• Create Line: For more information, see Creating Lines.
• X Axis: the X axis of the current coordinate system origin (0,0,0) becomes the direction.
• Y Axis: the Y axis of the current coordinate system origin (0,0,0) becomes the direction.
• Z Axis: the Z axis of the current coordinate system origin (0,0,0) becomes the direction.
• Create Plane: see Creating Planes.
• If you create any of these elements, the application then displays the corresponding icon next to
the Reference element field. Clicking this icon enables you to edit the element.

Let the Instances & Spacing options to define the parameters you wish to specify.
The parameters you can choose are:
• Instances & Length
• Instances & Spacing
• Spacing & Length
Choosing Instances & Spacing dims the Length field because the application no longer needs this
specification to space the instances.

If you set Instances & Length or Spacing & Length parameters, note that you cannot define the
length by using formulas.

Enter 3 as the number of instances you wish to obtain in the first direction.

Deleting the instances of your choice is possible when creating the pattern. In the pattern preview,
just select the points materializing instances. Conversely, selecting these points again will make
the application create the corresponding instances.

Define the spacing along the grid: enter 14 mm.

Defining the spacing along the grid and length of your choice would make the application compute
the number of possible instances and space them at equal distances

Now, click the Second Direction tab to define other parameters.

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Note that defining a second direction is not compulsory. Creating a rectangular defining only one
direction is possible.

Click the Reference element field and select the edge to the left to define the second direction.

Check the Reverse option to make the arrow point in the opposite direction.

Let the Instances & Spacing option: enter 3 and 10 mm in the appropriate fields.

Click Preview to make sure the pattern meets your needs.

Additional pockets will be aligned along this second direction.

Click OK to repeat the pocket's geometry nine times.

This is the resulting pattern. RectPattern.1 feature is displayed in the specification tree.

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Let's now edit the pattern to make it more complex: double-click the pattern to display the dialog
box.

Click the More button to display the whole dialog box.

The options available let you position the pattern.

To modify the position of the pockets, enter -5 degrees as the rotation angle value.
Click Preview.
You can notice that all pockets have moved slightly:

Now, modify the location of the initial pocket. To do so, enter 2 in the Row in Direction 1 field.
The application previews how the pattern will be moved. It will be moved along the direction as
indicated:

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Finally, enter 2 in the Row in Direction 2 field.
The application previews how the pattern will be moved. It will be moved along these two
directions defined in steps 17 and 18:

The Simplified representation option lightens the pattern's geometry. What you need to do is just
check the option and double-click the instances you do not want to see. The instances are then
represented in dashed lines during the pattern definition and then are no longer visible after
validating the pattern creation. The specifications remain unchanged, whatever the number of
instances you view. This option is particularly used for patterns including a large number of
instances.

Click OK.
The application has changed the location of all pockets. Only four of them remain on the pad.

Removing Instances
Remember that clicking an instance once removes the instance from the specifications. Clicking
once or double-clicking an instance does not lead to the same result then.

It is possible to create Cartesian patterns with variable steps. To do so, define formulas. More
explicitly, act on parameters i and j. For more information, refer to Knowledge Advisor User's Guide
Version 5.
During your design, you may need to rework instances specifically. You will then have to use the
Explode contextual command to delete your pattern while keeping geometry. For more
information, refer to Exploding Patterns.

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Circular Pattern:
The application allows you to define three types of patterns:
• Circular patterns
• Rectangular patterns
• User patterns
This task shows you how to duplicate geometry of one or more features right away at the location
of your choice using a circular pattern.

This document also deals with Complex Patterns.

You can also find information about patterns and updates by reading Optimizing Part Design
Application, Patterns.

Make sure the item you wish to duplicate is correctly located in relation to the circular rotation
axis.

Select the pad whose geometry you wish to copy.

Click the Circular Pattern icon.

The Circular Pattern Definition dialog box is displayed and the feature's name appears in the Object
field.

If you change your mind and decide to pattern the current solid, click the Object field and use the
Get current solid contextual menu item. For more information, refer to Patterning Current Solids.

Keeping Specifications
Checking the Keep specifications option creates instances with the limit Up to Next (Up to Last, Up
to Plane or Up to Surface) defined for the original feature. The example below shows you that the
limit defined for the pad, that is the Up to surface limit, applies to all instances. As the limiting
surface is not planar, the instances have different lengths.

But for the purposes of our scenario, as the pad is repeated on a planar surface, activating the
Keep specifications option is meaningless.

Parameters
The Parameters field lets you choose the type of parameters you wish to specify so that the
application will be able to compute the location of the items copied.

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These parameters are:

• Instances & total angle: the application computes the angular spacing after you specified the
number of instances you wish to obtain and a total angle value.
• Instances & angular spacing: the application computes the total angle after you specified the
number of instances you wish to obtain and an angular spacing.
• Angular spacing & total angle: the application computes the instances you can obtain by
specifying an angular spacing and a total angle.
• Complete crown: the application computes the angular spacing between the instances you decide
to obtain.

Instances & unequal angular spacing: distinct angle values can be assigned between each instance.

The Keep specifications option is not available if you are patterning a pattern.

If you set Instances & total angle or Angular spacing & total angle parameters, note that you cannot
define the total angle when using formulas.

Set the Instances & Angular spacing options to define the parameters you wish to specify.
Choosing Instances & Angular spacing dims the Total angle field because the application no longer
needs this specification to space the instances.

Enter 7 as the number of pads you wish to obtain.

Enter 50 degrees as the angular spacing.

Reference Direction

Click the Reference element field and select the upper face to determine the rotation axis. This
axis will be normal to the face.
To define a direction, you can select an edge, a line, a planar face or a plane. After selecting an
edge, a line or a planar face, if necessary, you can also select a point to define the rotation center.
If you select a plane, selecting a point is mandatory.

Clicking the Reverse button reverses the direction.

Two arrows are then displayed on the pad.

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Contextual commands creating the reference elements you need are available from the Reference
element field:
• Create Line: For more information, see Creating Lines.
• X Axis: the X axis of the current coordinate system origin (0,0,0) becomes the direction.
• Y Axis: the Y axis of the current coordinate system origin (0,0,0) becomes the direction.
• Z Axis: the Z axis of the current coordinate system origin (0,0,0) becomes the direction.
• Create Plane: see Creating Planes.
• If you create any of these elements, the application then displays the corresponding icon next to
the Reference element field. Clicking this icon enables you to edit the element.

If you modify the angular spacing, the application previews the result: arrows 1 and 2 are moved
accordingly.

Click Preview: the pad will be repeated seven times. The instances are green, just like the original
feature.

Crown Definition
Now, you are going to add a crown to your part. To do so, click the Crown Definition tab.

Set the Circle & Circle spacing options to define the parameters you wish to specify.

Enter 2 in the Circle(s) field.

Enter -18 mm in the Circle spacing field.

This figure may help you to define your parameters:

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Click OK.
These are your new instances:

Now, you are going to modify the position of the initial pad. Such a modification will affect all
instances too. To do so, click the more buttons to display the whole dialog box.

Enter 20 in the Rotation angle field.

The application previews the rotation.

Applying the Delete command on one instance deletes the

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 whole pattern. However, deleting the instances of your choice is possible when creating or editing
the pattern. To do so, just select the points materializing instances in the pattern preview.
Selecting these points again will enable the application maintain the corresponding instances.
The Simplified representation option lets you lighten the pattern geometry. What you need to do is
just check the option and double-click the instances you do not want to see. The instances are then
represented in dashed lines during the pattern definition and then are no longer visible after
validating the pattern creation. The specifications remain unchanged, whatever the number of
instances you view. This option is particularly used for patterns including a large number of
instances.
Remember then that clicking once or double-clicking an instance does not lead to the same result.

Click OK.
All instances are moved accordingly.

Reference Entities:
Creating Points:
This task shows the various methods for creating points:
• By coordinates
• On a curve
• On a plane
• On a surface
• At a circle/sphere center
• Tangent point on a curve
• Between

1.Click the Point icon.

The Point Definition dialog box appears.

2.Use the combo to choose the desired point type.

Coordinates:

• Enter the X, Y, Z coordinates in the current axis-system.

• Optionally, select a reference point.

The corresponding point is displayed.

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 On Curve:

• Select a curve
• Optionally, select a reference point.

If this point is not on the curve, it is projected onto the curve.

If no point is selected, the curve's extremity is used as reference.

• Select an option point to determine whether the new point is to be created:

• at a given distance along the curve from the reference point
• a given ratio between the reference point and the curve's extremity.

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• Enter the distance or ratio value.
If a distance is specified, it can be:
• A geodesic distance: the distance is measured along the curve
• A Euclidean distance: the distance is measured in relation to the reference point (absolute value).

The corresponding point is displayed.

On Plane:

• Select a plane.
• Optionally, select a point to define a reference for computing coordinates in the plane.

If no point is selected, the projection of the model's origin on the plane is taken as reference.

• Optionally, select a surface on which the point is projected normally to the plane.

If no surface is selected, the behavior is the same.

Click in the plane to display a point.

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 On Surface:

• Select the surface where the point is to be created.

• Optionally, select a reference point. By default, the surface's middle point is taken as reference.
• You can select an element to take its orientation as reference direction or a plane to take its
normal as reference direction.
You can also use the contextual menu to specify the X, Y, Z components of the reference
direction.
• Enter a distance along the reference direction to display a point.

Circle/Sphere Center:

• Select a circle, circular arc, or ellipse, or

• Select a sphere or a portion of sphere.

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 A point is displayed at the center of the selected element.

Tangent on Curve:

• Select a planar curve and a direction line.

A point is displayed at each tangent.

The Multi-Result Management dialog box is displayed because several points are generated.

• Click YES: you can then select a reference element, to which only the closest point is created.
• Click NO: all the points are created.

Between:

• Select any two points.

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• Enter the ratio that is the percentage of the distance from the first selected point, at which the
new point is to be.
You can also click Middle Point button to create a point at the exact midpoint (ratio = 0.5).

Creating Lines:
This task shows the various methods for creating lines:

• Point to point
• Point and direction
• Angle or normal to curve
• Tangent to curve
• Normal to surface
• Bisecting

1. Click the Line icon .

The Line Definition dialog box is displayed.
2. Use the drop-down list to choose the desired line type.

Point – Point:

Select two points.

A line is displayed between the two points.

Proposed Start and End points of the new line are shown.

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 Point – Direction:

• Select a reference Point and a Direction line.

A vector parallel to the direction line is displayed at the reference point.
Proposed Start and End points of the new line are shown.
• Specify the Start and End points of the new line.
The corresponding line is displayed.

Angle or Normal to curve:

• Select a reference Curve and a Support surface containing that curve.

If the selected curve is planar, then the Support is set to Default (Plane).

- If an explicit Support has been defined, a contextual menu is available to clear the selection.

• Select a Point on the curve.

• Enter an Angle value.

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 A line is displayed at the given angle with respect to the tangent to the reference curve at the
selected point. These elements are displayed in the plane tangent to the surface at the selected
point.
You can click on the Normal to Curve button to specify an angle of 90 degrees.
Proposed Start and End points of the line are shown.

• Specify the Start and End points of the new line.

The corresponding line is displayed.

Tangent to Curve:

• Select a reference Curve and a point or another Curve to define the tangency.
• if a point is selected (mono-tangent mode): a vector tangent to the curve is displayed at
the selected point.
• If a second curve is selected (or a point in bi-tangent mode), you need to select a support plane.
The line will be tangent to both curves.

If the selected curve is a line, then the Support is set to Default (Plane).

- If an explicit Support has been defined, a contextual menu is available to clear the selection.

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 When several solutions are possible, you can choose one
(displayed in red) directly in the geometry, or using the Next Solution button.

Line tangent to curve at a given point Line tangent to two curves

Normal to Surface:

• Select a reference Surface and a Point.

A vector normal to the surface is displayed at the reference point.
Proposed Start and End points of the new line are shown.

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 If the point does not lie on the support surface, the minimum distance between the point and the
surface is computed, and the vector normal to the surface is displayed at the resulted reference
point.

• Specify Start and End points to define the new line.

The corresponding line is displayed.

Bisecting:

• Select two lines. Their bisecting line is the line splitting in two equals parts the angle between
these two lines.
• Select a point as the starting point for the line. By default it is the intersection of the bisecting
line and the first selected line.

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• Select the support surface onto which the bisecting line is to be projected, if needed.
• Specify the line's length in relation to its starting point (Start and End values for each side of the
line in relation to the default end points).
The corresponding bisecting line, is displayed.
• You can choose between two solutions, using the Next Solution button, or directly clicking the
numbered arrows in the geometry.

Click OK to create the line

Creating Planes:
This task shows the various methods for creating planes:

• Offset from a plane

• Parallel through point
• Angle/normal to a plane
• Through three points
• Through two lines
• Through a point and a line
• Through a planar curve
• Normal to a curve
• Tangent to a surface
• From its equation
• Mean through points

1.Click the Plane icon .

The Plane Definition dialog box appears.

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2.Use the combo to choose the desired Plane type

Offset from Plane:

• Select a reference Plane then enter an Offset value.

A plane is displayed offset from the reference plane.

Use the Reverse Direction button to reverse the change the offset direction, or simply click on the
arrow in the geometry.

Click the Repeat object after OK if you wish to create more offset planes.

Parallel through Point:

• Select a reference Plane and a Point.

Plane is displayed parallel to the reference plane and passing through the selected point.

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Angle or Normal to Plane:

• Select a reference Plane and a Rotation axis.

This axis can be any line or an implicit element, such as a cylinder axis for example. To select
the latter press and hold the Shift key while moving the pointer over the element, then click it.
• Enter an Angle value

A plane is displayed passing through the rotation axis. It is oriented at

the specified angle to the reference plane.

Through Three Points:

• Select three points.

The plane passing through the three points is displayed. You can move it simply by dragging it to
the desired location.

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Through Two Lines:

• Select two lines.

The plane passing through the two line directions is displayed.

When these two lines are not coplanar, the vector of the second line is moved to the first line
location to define the plane's second direction.

Through Point and Line:

• Select a Point and a Line.

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The plane passing through the point and the line is displayed.

Through Planar Curve:

• Select a planar Curve.

The plane containing the curve is displayed.

Tangent to Surface:

• Select a reference Surface and a Point.

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A plane is displayed tangent to the surface at the specified point.

Normal to Curve:

• Select a reference Curve.

• You can select a Point. By default, the curve's middle point is selected.

A plane is displayed normal to the curve at the specified point

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Translate:
The Translate command applies to current bodies.
This task shows you how to translate a body.

Click the Translate icon.

The Translate Definition dialog box appears

Select a line to take its orientation as the translation direction or a plane to take its normal as the
translation direction. For example, select ZX plane.
You can also specify the direction by means of X, Y, Z vector components by using the contextual
menu on the Direction area.

Specify the translation distance by entering a value or using the Drag manipulator. For example,
enter 100mm.

Click OK to create the translated element.

Rotate:
This task shows you how to rotate geometry about an axis. The command applies to current bodies.

Click the Rotate icon.

The Rotate Definition dialog box appears.

Select an edge as the rotation axis.

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Enter a value for the rotation angle.

The element is rotated. You can drag it by using the graphic manipulator to adjust the rotation.

Click OK to create the rotated element

Symmetry:
This task shows how to transform geometry by means of a symmetry operation. The Symmetry
command applies to current bodies.

Click the Symmetry icon.

The Symmetry Definition dialog box appears

Select a point, line or plane as reference element. For the purpose of our scenario, select plane ZX.
Click OK to create the symmetrical element.

The original element is no longer visible but remains in the specification tree.

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Mirror:
Mirroring a body or a list of features consists in duplicating these elements using symmetry. You can
select a face or a plane to define the mirror reference.

This task shows how to mirror a list of features.

Multi-select both pads as the features to be mirrored.

Click the Mirror icon.

The Mirror Definition dialog box appears.

Select the lateral face to define the mirror reference.

The application previews the material to be created.

Click OK to confirm the operation.

The pads are mirrored.

The specification tree mentions this creation

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Scale:
Scaling geometry means resizing it to the dimension you specify, using points, planes or planar
surfaces as scaling references.

This task shows how to scale a body in relation to a point

Select the body to be scaled.

Click the Scaling icon.

The Scaling Definition dialog box appears.

Select the reference point located on the body.

A graphic manipulator is displayed on the body.

Enter a value in the Ratio field or select the manipulator and drag it. The ratio increases as you drag
the manipulator in the direction pointed by the right end arrow

Click OK.

The body is scaled. The specification tree indicates you performed this operation.

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Boolean Operations:
Assembling Bodies:
Assembling is an operation integrating your part specifications. It allows you to create complex
geometry. This task shows you two assemble operations. You will see then how the resulting parts
look different depending on your specifications.
When working in a CATProduct document, it is not necessary to copy and paste the bodies
belonging to distinct parts before associating them. You can directly associate these bodies using
the same steps as described in this task.

First, you are going to assemble a pocket on Part Body. You will note that as this pocket is the first
feature of the body, material has been added (see Pocket).

To assemble them, select Body 2 and click the Assemble icon.

A body can be assembled with another body provided that it is directly located below the part
node. In the example opposite, you cannot assemble Body.2 to Part Body because it is included in
Ordered Geometrical Set.1.

Assembling a set of bodies (multi-selected via the Ctrl key) is possible. This capability will increase
your productivity.

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The Assemble dialog box displays to let you determine the operation you wish to perform. By
default, the application proposes to assemble the selected body to Part Body.

Click OK to confirm.
During the operation, the application removes the material defined by the pocket from Part Body.

This is your new Part Body:

Now delete the assemble operation to go back to the previous state. You are going to perform the
second assemble operation.

Select Body.2 and Edit -> Body2.object -> Assemble.

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The Assemble dialog box displays again.

Select Body.1 in the specification tree to edit the after: field. Body.1 appears in the field,
indicating that you are going to assemble Body.2 on Body.1.

Click OK.
The material defined by the pocket from Body1 has been removed during the operation.

You cannot re-apply the Assemble, Add, Trim, Intersect, Remove and Remove Lump commands to
bodies already associated to other bodies. However, if you copy and paste the result of such
operations elsewhere in the tree you can then use these commands.

Avoid using input elements that are tangent to each other since this may result in geometric
instabilities in the tangency zone.

Adding Bodies:
This task illustrates how to add a body to another body. Adding a body to another one means
uniting them.

When working in a CATProduct document, it is no longer necessary to copy and paste the bodies
belonging to distinct parts before associating them. You can directly associate these bodies using
the same steps as described in this task.

This is your initial data: the Add part is composed of three bodies. Each body includes a pad. These
pads are therefore independent.

To add Body.1 to Part Body, select Body.1.

You can add a body to another body provided that it is directly located below the part node. In the
example opposite, you cannot added Body.2 to Part Body because it is included in Ordered
Geometrical Set.1.

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Adding a set of bodies (multi-selected via the Ctrl key) is possible. This capability will increase your
productivity.

Click the Add icon .

The Add dialog box that appears displays the name of the selected body and the Part Body. By
default, the application proposes to add the selected body to Part Body.
For the purpose of our scenario, we keep this location. Note however that you could add Body.1 to
Body.2 one just by selecting Body.2.

Click OK.
The specification tree and Part Body now looks like this:

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Removing Bodies:
This tasks illustrates how to remove a body from another body.
When working in a CATProduct document, it is no longer necessary to copy and paste the bodies
belonging to distinct parts before associating them. You can directly associate these bodies using
the same steps as described in this task.

The part is composed of two bodies. To remove Body.1 from Part Body, select Body.1.
You can remove a body from another body provided that it is directly located below the part node.
In the example opposite, you cannot remove Body.2 from Part Body because it is included in
Ordered Geometrical Set.1.

Removing a set of bodies (multi-selected via the Ctrl key) is possible. This capability will increase
your productivity.

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Click the Remove... icon.

Intersecting Bodies:
The material resulting from an intersection operation between two bodies is the material shared by
these bodies. This task illustrates how to compute two intersections.
When working in a CATProduct document, it is no longer necessary to copy and paste the bodies
belonging to distinct parts before associating them. You can directly associate these bodies using
the same steps as described in this task.

The initial part is composed of three bodies. Each body contains one pad. To compute the
intersection between the Part Body and Body 2, select Body.2.
Intersecting a set of bodies (multi-selected via the Ctrl key) is possible. This capability will increase
your productivity.

You can make a body intersect with another body provided that it is directly located below the part
node. In the example opposite, you cannot compute the intersection between Body.2 to Part Body
because it is included in Ordered Geometrical Set.1.

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Click the Intersect... icon .
The Intersect dialog box displays to let you determine the second body you wish to use. By default,
the application proposes to intersect the selected body to Part Body.

Click OK to confirm.
The application computes the intersection between the two bodies.

Part Body now looks like this:

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Now delete the intersection to go back to the previous state. You are going to create a new
intersection.

Select Body 2 and right-click to select the Edit -> Body2.object -> Intersect contextual menu
item. This displays the Intersect dialog box.

Select Body1 in the specification tree to edit the After field.

Click OK. Body1 now looks like this:

Trimming Bodies:
Applying the Union Trim command on a body entails defining the elements to be kept or removed
while performing the union operation.

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Select the body you wish to trim, i.e. Body.2.
Select the faces of side which you want trim as shown.(the faces appears in pink colors)

Click ok to end.

Remove lump:
The Remove Lump command lets you reshape a body by removing material. To remove material,
either you specify the faces you wish to remove or conversely, the faces you wish to keep. In some
cases, you need to specify both the faces to remove and the faces to keep.

Using this command is a good way to get rid of cavities you inadvertently created.

Select the body you wish to reshape, that is Part Body.

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Now you need the cavity as part, so close the cavity by thin plate as shown.

Take care that created pad covers complete cavity.

Click the Remove Lump icon.

The Remove Lump Definition dialog box appears. The application prompts you to specify the faces
you wish to remove as well as the faces you need to keep.

Select the upper face as face to remove.

Click ok to end.

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SURFACE BASED FEATURES:

Thick Surface:
You can add material to a surface in two opposite directions by using the Thick Surface capability.

Select the object/surface you wish to thicken, that is the extrude element.

Click the Thick Surface icon.

The Thick Surface Definition dialog box is displayed

In the geometry area, the arrow that appears on the extrude element indicates the first offset
direction. If you need to reverse the arrow, just click it.

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Enter 10mm as the first offset value and 6mm as the second offset value.

Click OK. The surface is thickened.

Split:
You can split a body with a plane, face or surface. The purpose of this task is to show how to split a
body by means of a surface.

Select the pad as the body to be split.

Click the Split icon.

Select the splitting surface.

The Split Definition dialog box is displayed, indicating the splitting element.

An arrow appears indicating the portion of body that will be kept. If the arrow points in the wrong
direction, you can click it to reverse the direction.

Click OK.
The body is split. Material has been removed.

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Close Surface Features:
This task shows you to close surfaces.
Select the surface to be closed, i.e. Trim.3.

Click the Close Surface icon .

The Close Surface Definition dialog box is displayed.

Click OK

The surface is closed. The specification tree indicates you performed the operation.

Sew Surfaces:
Sewing is a boolean operation combining a surface with a body. This capability adds or removes
material by modifying the surface of the solid.

Select Join.1 as the surface you wish to sew onto the body.

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Click the Sew Surface icon .

The Sew Surface Definition dialog box is displayed:

Arrows appear indicating the side where material will be added or kept. Note that clicking an arrow
reverses the given direction.

The arrows must point towards the solid.

Click OK.

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Generative shape design
Extruded Surfaces:
This task shows how to create a surface by extruding a profile along a given direction.

• Click the Extrude icon .

The Extruded Surface Definition dialog box appears.

• Select the profile to be extruded and specify the desired extrusion direction.

You can select a line to take its orientation as the extrusion direction or a plane to take its normal
as extrusion direction.

You can also specify the direction by means of X, Y, Z vector components by using the contextual
menu on the Direction area.

• Enter numerical values or use the graphic manipulators to define the start and end limits of the
extrusion.

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 • You can click the Reverse Direction button to display the extrusion on the other side of the
selected profile.

• Click OK to create the surface.

Surfaces of Revolution:

This task shows how to create a surface by revolving a planar profile about an axis.

• Click the Revolve icon .

The Revolution Surface Definition dialog box appears.

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Select the profile.

• Select a line indicating the desired axis of revolution.

• Enter angle values or use the graphic manipulators to define the limits of the revolution
surface.
For example, enter 360 as the Angle 1 value.

• Click OK to create the surface.

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 • There must be no intersection between the axis and the profile.
• If the profile is a sketch containing an axis, the latter is selected by default as the revolution

axis. You can select another revolution axis simply by selecting a new line.

Spherical Surfaces:
This task shows how to create surfaces in the shape of a sphere.

The spherical surface is based on a center point, an axis-system defining the meridian & parallel

curves orientation, and angular limits.

• Click the Sphere icon from the Extrude-Revolution toolbar.
The Sphere Surface Definition dialog box is displayed.

• Select the center point of the sphere.

• Select an axis-system.
This axis-system determines the orientation of the meridian and parallel curves, and therefore of
the sphere.

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 • Click Apply to preview the surface.

• Modify the Sphere radius and the Angular Limits as required.

Here we choose -90° and 90° for the parallel curves, and 240° and 0° for the meridian curves,
and left the radius at 20 mm.

Parallel angular limits are comprised within the -90° and 90° range.
Meridian angular limits are comprised within the -360° and 360° range.

• Click OK to create the surface.

You can also choose to create a whole sphere. In this case, simply click the icon from the dialog box
to generate a complete sphere, based on the center point and the radius. The parallel and meridian
angular values are then grayed.

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Offset Surfaces:
This task shows how to create a surface by offsetting an existing surface
• Click the Offset icon

The Offset Surface Definition dialog box appears.

• Select the surface to be offset.

• Specify the offset by entering a value or using the graphic manipulator.

The offset surface is displayed normal to the reference surface.

• An arrow indicates the proposed direction for the offset.

You can invert the direction by clicking either the arrow or the Reverse Direction button.
• Click OK to create the surface.

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Use the Repeat object after OK checkbox to create several offset surfaces, each separated from
the initial surface by a multiple of the offset value.
Simply indicate in the Object Repetition dialog box the number of instances that should be created
and click OK.

Filling Surfaces:

This task shows how to create fill surfaces between a numbers of boundary segments.
• Click the Fill icon.

The Fill Surface Definition dialog box appears.

• Select curves or surface edges to form a closed boundary.

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You can select a support surface for each curve or edge. In this case continuity will be assured
between the fill surface and selected support surfaces.

• Use the combo to specify the desired continuity type between any selected support surfaces and
the fill surface: Point or Tangent.

The fill surface is displayed within the boundary.

• You can edit the boundary by first selecting an element in the dialog box list then choosing a
button to either:

Add a new element after or before the selected one

Remove the selected element
Replace the selected element by another curve
Replace the selected support element by another support surface
Remove the selected support element.

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 • Click in the Passing point field, and select a point (available in P2 mode only).
This point is a point through which the filling surface must pass, thus adding a constraint to its
creation. However, you may need to alleviate the number of constraints by removing the supports.

This point should lie within the area delimited by the selected curves. If not, the results may be
inconsistent.

• Click OK to create the fill surface.

Filling surface with specified supports

Swept Surfaces:
You can create a swept surface by sweeping out a profile in planes normal to a spine curve while
taking other user-defined parameters (such as guide curves and reference elements) into account.

You can sweep an explicit profile:

Along one or two guide curves (in this case the first guide curve is used as the spine)

Along one or two guide curves while respecting a spine.

The profile is swept out in planes normal to the spine.

In addition, you can control the positioning of the profile while it is being swept by means of
a reference surface.

The profile position may be fixed with respect to the guide curve (positioned profile) or user-
defined in the first sweep plane (CATIA ).

This task shows how to create a swept surface that uses an explicit profile.
• Click the Sweep icon.

The Swept Surface Definition dialog box appears.

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• Select the planar profile to be swept out, that is the circle.
• Select a guide curve.

• If needed, select a spine.

If no spine is selected, the guide curve is implicitly used as the spine.
• If needed, select a second guide curve.
• If you want to control the position of the profile during the sweep, you can select a reference
surface. You can impose a reference angle on this surface.

• By default, a positioned profile is used. In CATIA , if you want to manually position the profile,
check the Position profile button and click the Show parameters >> button to access a set of
positioning parameters.

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These parameters and the graphic manipulators will allow you to position the profile in the first
sweep plane.

• Specify a positioning point in the first sweep plane by either entering coordinates or selecting a
point.
• Specify the x-axis of the positioning axis system by either selecting a line or specifying a rotation
angle.
• Select the X-axis inverted check box to invert the x-axis orientation (while keeping the y-axis
unchanged).
• Select the Y-axis inverted check box to invert the y-axis orientation (while keeping the y-axis
unchanged).
• Specify an anchor point on the profile by selecting a point. This anchor point is the origin of the
axis system that is associated to the profile.

If you want to go back to the original profile, uncheck the Position profile button.

• Click OK to create the swept surface.

Generally speaking, the sweep operation has a derivative effect, meaning that there may be a
continuity loss when sweeping a profile along a spine. If the spine presents curvature continuity,
the surface presents at least tangency continuity. If the spine presents tangency continuity, the
surface presents at least point continuity.

Lofted Surfaces:
This task shows how to create a lofted surface.

You can generate a lofted surface by sweeping one or two planar section curves along a computed
or user-defined spine. The surface can be made to respect one or more guide curves.
• Click the Loft icon

The Lofted Surface Definition dialog box appears.

• Select one or two planar section curves.

These sections may be tangent to support surfaces, provided they are not parallel.
Closed section curves can have point continuity at each closing point.

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• If needed, select one or more guide curves.

• In the Spine tab page, select the Spine check box to use an automatically computed spine or
select a curve to impose that curve as the spine.

• It is possible to edit the loft reference elements by first selecting a curve in the dialog box list
then choosing a button to either:

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Remove the selected curve
Replace the selected curve by another curve.
Add another curve.

More possibilities are available with the contextual menu and by right-clicking on the red text or on
the object. For example, it is possible to remove and replace tangent surfaces and closing points.

• Click OK to create the lofted surface.

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You can impose tangency conditions onto sections and/or guides, by specifying a direction for the
tangent vector (selecting a plane to take its normal, for example). This is useful for creating parts
that are symmetrical with respect to a plane. Tangency conditions can be imposed on the two
symmetrical halves.
Similarly, you can impose a tangency onto each guide, by selection of a surface or a plane (the
direction is tangent to the plane's normal). In this case, the sections must also be tangent to the
surface.
You can create lofted surfaces between closed section curves. These curves have point continuity
at their closing point.
This closing point is either a vertex or an extremum point automatically detected and highlighted
by the system.
By default, the closing points of each section are linked to each other.

The red arrows in the figures below represent the closing points of the closed section curves. You
can change the closing point by selecting any point on the curve.

The surface is twisted

A new closing point has been imposed

to get a non-twisted surface
The Relimitation tab lets you specify the loft relimitation type. .
You can choose to limit the loft only on the Start section, only on the End section, on both, or on
none.

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when one or both are checked: the loft is limited to corresponding section
when one or both are when unchecked: the loft is swept along the spine:
if the spine is a user spine, the loft is limited by the spine extremities
if the spine is an automatically computed spine, and no guide is selected:
the loft is limited by the start and end sections
if the spine is an automatically computed spine, and guides are selected:
the loft is limited by the guides extremities.

Loft relimitation option checked Loft relimitation option unchecked

on both Start and End section on End section only

Use the Planar surface detection check button (Canonical Surfaces tab) to automatically convert
planar surfaces into planes.

Coupling:

This task presents the two kinds of coupling during the creation of the lofted surface:
• coupling between two consecutive sections
• coupling between guides

These couplings compute the distribution of iso-parameters on the surface.

To perform the following scenario you will need to get some geometry locate

Coupling between two consecutive sections:

This coupling is based on the curvilinear abscissa.

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• Click the Loft icon

The Lofted Surface Definition dialog box appears.

• Select the two consecutive sections.

• Click OK to create the loft.

To create a coupling between particular points, you can add guides or define the coupling type.

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Coupling between guides:

This coupling is performed by the spine.

If a guide is the concatenation of several curves, the resulting loft will contain as many surfaces as
curves within the guide.

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Several coupling types are available, depending on the section configuration:
Ratio: the curves are coupled according to the curvilinear abscissa ratio.

Tangency: the curves are coupled according to their tangency discontinuity points. If they do not
have the same number of points, they cannot be coupled using this option.

Tangency then curvature: the curves are coupled according to their tangency continuity first then
curvature discontinuity points. If they do not have the same number of points, they cannot be
coupled using this option.
Vertices: the curves are coupled according to their vertices. If they do not have the same number of
vertices, they cannot be coupled using this option.

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Manual Coupling:

If the number of vertices differs from one section to another, you need to perform a manual
coupling.

1. Select the sections for the loft, and check their orientations.
2. In the Coupling tab, choose the Tangency option and click Apply.
An error message is displayed as the number of discontinuity points on the first section is greater
than on the other two sections.

The points that could not be coupled are displayed in the geometry with specific symbol depending
on the selected mode, along with coupling lines:

In Tangency mode: uncoupled tangency discontinuity points are represented by a square

In Tangency then curvature mode:

Uncoupled tangency discontinuity points are represented by a square
Uncoupled curvatures discontinuity points are represented by a empty circle

In Vertices mode: uncoupled vertices are represented by a full circle

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• Click in the coupling list, or choose Add coupling in the contextual menu, and manually select a
point on the first section.
The Coupling dialog box is displayed.

• Select a corresponding coupling point on each section of the loft.

The Coupling dialog box is updated consequently, and the coupling curve is previewed, provided
the Display coupling curves option is active.
When a coupling point has been defined on each section, this dialog box automatically disappears.

• Click OK.

The loft is created as defined with the coupling specifications.

The same loft without coupling and with Ratio option would have looked like this:

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Note the increased number of generated surfaces.

You can create coupling point on the fly, using the Create coupling point contextual menu item,
instead of selecting an existing point.
To edit the coupling, simply double-click the coupling name in the list (Coupling tab) to display the
Coupling dialog box. Then you select the point to be edited from the list and create/select a
replacing coupling point, then click OK
Use the contextual menu on the coupling list to edit defined couplings.

Swept Surface:
There are four type sweep options in CATIA

• Explicit type
• Line type
• Circle type
• Conic type

The Explicit type sweep is almost same as Rib in Solid modeling, where we require one Profile and
a center cure on which we have to sweep the Profile. In addition to this in Explicit we can give an
extra guide curve to it.

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In Line type we need not to define the profile but only the guide curves and the resulting surface
will be a linear one.

There are five types of Line type options.

Two limit Limit and middle with reference with reference with tangency
Surface curve surface

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 • Two limit: In two limit option you need to define only two guide curves, and a surface will
form between those two.
• Limit and middle: Here also you have to define two guides but second guide as middle one.
• With reference surface: Here we need to define a curve which is on surface and this same
surface you need to define as Reference surface, and formed surface is measured with
reference to this surface.
• With reference curve: This option is same as above only difference is you have to define a
reference curve instead of reference surface
• With tangency surface: Here we need to give one Guide curve and Surface, and the formed
surface will be tangential to the selected surface.

In circle type sweep the formed surface will be of circular shape.

There are six type of circle type sweep

Three guides Two guides and Center and two Center and radius
Radius angles

Two guides and tangency surface One guide and Tangency surface

• Three guides: Here surface will form between three selected guides.
• Two guides and radius: here surface will form between two guides with given radius
• Center and two angles: Here you need to give a curve to define a center curve and one
reference curve to define the shape and two angles.
• Center and radius: Here surface will form with given radius around center curve
• Two guides and tangency surface: we need to define a curve which is on surface and this same
surface you need to define as Reference surface for tangency a limit curve, the surface will form
between first curve and limit curve and will be tangential to the surface.
• One guide and Tangency surface: Here we need to give one Guide curve and Surface, and the
formed surface will be tangential to the selected surface

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If you look closely in to the options you will find it similar to that of some circle options in
Wireframe, The only difference is here it will form circular surfaces

In conic the formed surfaces will be of conic shape.

There are four options in conic type sweep

Two guide curve three guide curve four guide curve five guide curve

Here in Two guide option you have to maintain the conic parameter greater than 0 and less than
one

Creating Blend Surfaces:

This task shows how to create a blended surface, that is a surface between two wireframe
elements, taking a number of constraints into account, such as tension, continuity, and so forth.

Several cases are worth surveying:

• Blend between curves
• Blend between closed contours
• Coupling blend
• Click the Blend icon

The Blend Surface Definition dialog box appears.

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Blend between curves:
• Successively select the first curve and its support, then the second curve and its support.
These can be surface edges, or any curve.

• Set the continuity type using the Basic tab.

It defines the continuity connection between the newly created surface and the curves on which
it lies.
The illustration above, shows the Tangency continuity, and the following illustrations show the Point
and Curvature continuity types:

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Point continuity on both limits

Curvature continuity on both limits

• Activate the Trim support option, on one or both support surfaces to trim them by the curve and
assemble them to the blend surface:

By default the blend surface borders are tangent to the support surface borders. Uncheck the
Tangent borders option to release the tangency constraint.

You can also specify whether and where the blend boundaries must be tangent to the supports
boundaries:
Both extremities: the tangency constraint applies at both ends of the curve
None: the tangency constraint is disregarded
Start extremity: the tangency constraint applies at the start endpoint of the curve only
End extremity: the tangency constraint applies at the end endpoint of the curve only

The Start and End extremities are defined according to the arrows in the blended surface's preview.
• Set the tension type using the Tension tab.
It defines the tension of the blend at its limits.
It can be constant or linear, and can be set for each limit independently.
• Click OK.

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Blend between closed contours:
• Successively select two contours.

• Click Apply.
The surface to be generated is twisted.
To avoid this you need to define a closing point.

By default, the system detects and highlights a vertex on each curve that can be used as a closing
point, or it creates an extremum point, (you can also manually select another one if you wish).

• Choose the Closing Point tab, and using the contextual menu, choose Create Projection.

• The Projection Definition dialog box is displayed.

• Select the closing point on the second contour, then the first curve onto which the point is to be
projected.

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• Click OK in the Projection Definition dialog box.

• Click OK in the Blend Definition dialog box.

The blend is correctly created.

Coupling Blend:
• Select the elements to be blended and click Apply.

• Select the Coupling tab and define the coupling type.

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Ratio: the curves are coupled according to the curvilinear abscissa ratio.
Tangency: the curves are coupled according to their tangency discontinuity points. If they do not
have the same number of points, they cannot be coupled using this option.
Tangency then curvature: the curves are coupled according to their tangency continuity first then
curvature discontinuity points. If they do not have the same number of points, they cannot be
coupled using this option.
Vertices: the curves are coupled according to their vertices. If they do not have the same number of
vertices, they cannot be coupled using this option.

• Click in the coupling list, or choose Add coupling in the contextual menu, or using the Add button,
and manually select a point on the first section.
The Coupling dialog box is displayed.

• Select a corresponding coupling point on each section.

The Coupling dialog box is updated consequently, and the coupling curve is previewed, provided
the Display coupling curves option is active.
When a coupling point has been defined on each section, this dialog box automatically disappears.

• Click OK.

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• Selecting a support is not compulsory.
• You can create closing points using the contextual menu on the First or Second closing point fields
in the dialog box, or using the contextual menu directly on one of the selected curves.
• Use the Replace, Remove, or Reverse buttons, to manage the selected elements (curves,
support, closing and coupling points).
• You can also use the contextual menu on the texts displayed on the geometry to set the
continuities, trim the supports or manage the curves and support in general.

Joining Surfaces or Curves:

This task shows how to join at least two surfaces or two curves.

The surfaces or curves to be joined must be adjacent.

• Click the Join icon.

The Join Definition dialog box appears.

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• Select the surfaces or curves to be joined.

• You can edit the list of elements to be joined:

• By selecting elements in the geometry:
• Standard selection (no button clicked):
when you click an unlisted element, it is added to the list
when you click a listed element, it is removed from the list
• Add Mode:
when you click an unlisted element, it is added to the list
when you click a listed element, it remains in the list
• Remove Mode:
when you click an unlisted element, the list is unchanged
when you click a listed element, it removed from the list
• By selecting an element in the list then using the Remove\Replace contextual menu items.
• Click Apply.

The joined element is previewed, and its orientation displayed. Click the arrow to invert it if
needed.

The join is oriented according to the first element in the list. If you change this element, the join's
orientation is automatically set to match the orientation of the new topmost element in the list.

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• Check the Check connexity button to find out whether the elements to be joined are connex. If
they are not, and the button is checked, an error message is issued indicating the number of
connex domains in the resulting join.
When clicking Apply, the free boundaries are highlighted, and help you detect where the joined
element is not connex.

The Simplify the result check button allows the system to automatically reduce the number of
elements (faces or edges) in the resulting join whenever possible.

The Ignore erroneous elements check button lets the system ignore elements that would not allow
the join to be created.

• You can also set the tolerance at which two elements are considered as being only one using the
Merging distance (make sure the Parameters are displayed by clicking the Show/Hide Parameters
as needed).
• Click the Shows Sub-Elements Management button to display the list of sub-elements in the join.
These sub-elements are elements making up the elements selected to create the join, such as
separate faces of a surface for example, that are to be removed from the join currently being
created.
You can edit the sub-elements list using as the list of elements to be joined.

• Check the Create a join with sub-elements option to create a second join, made of all the sub-
elements displayed in the list, i.e. those that are not to be joined in the first join.

• Click OK to create the joined surface or curve.

Sometimes elements are so close that it is not easy to see if they present a gap or not, even though
they are joined. Check the Surfaces' boundaries option from the Tools -> Options menu item,
General, Display, Visualization tab.

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 Healing Geometry:
This task shows how to heal surfaces, that is how to fill any gap that may be appearing between
two surfaces.
This command can be used after having checked the connections between elements for example, or
to fill slight gaps between joined surfaces.
Display the Join-Healing toolbar by clicking and holding the arrow from the Join icon.

• Click the Healing icon.

The Healing Definition dialog box appears.

• Select the surfaces to be healed.

• You can edit the list of elements in the definition list by means of the Remove and Replace
buttons.

• Define the distance below which elements are to be healed, that is deformed so that there is no
more gap, using the Merging distance as described in Joining Geometry.
Elements between which the gap is larger than the indicated value are not processed.
In our example, we increase it to 1mm.

• Click OK to create the healed surfaces.

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• Check the Surfaces' boundaries option from the Tools -> Options menu item, General -> Display ->
Visualization tab to display the boundaries. This may be especially useful when selecting, and
also to identify gaps.
• In some cases, depending on the geometry configuration and the set parameters, the Multi-Result
Management dialog box is displayed.
Click No or refer to Creating the Nearest Entity of a Multiple Element.

Disassembling Elements:
In this task you will learn how to disassemble multi-cell bodies into mono-cell bodies.
• Select the element to be disassembled.
You can select only an edge of a surface, the system recognizes the whole element to be
disassembled.
Here we selected the join made of three elements, each made of several cells.

• Click the Disassemble icon in the Join-Healing toolbar.

• The Disassemble dialog box is displayed.

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• Choose the disassembling mode:
All Cells: all cells are disassembled, i.e. for all the selected element, a separate curve is created
for each cell.
Domains Only: elements are partially disassembled, i.e. each element is kept as a whole if its cells
are connex, but is not decomposed in separate cells. A resulting element can be made of several
cells.

In the illustrations, we have colored the resulting curves for better identification.

Results when disassembling domains only

Results when disassembling all
(three curves are created)
cells(seven curves are created)

• Click OK in the dialog box.

A progression bar is displayed, while the surface is being disassembled.

It automatically disappears once the operation is complete (progression at 100%).

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The selected element is disassembled, that is to say independent elements are created, that can be
manipulated independently.

Multi-selection is available.

Splitting Geometry:
This task shows how to split a surface or wireframe element by means of a cutting element.

You can split:

a wireframe element by a point, another wireframe element or a surface

a surface by a wireframe element or another surface.
• Click the Split icon

The Split Definition dialog box appears.

• Select the element to be split.

You should make your selection by clicking on the portion that you want to keep after the split.

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• Select the cutting element.

A preview of the split appears. You can change the portion to be kept by selecting that portion.

You can also select the portion to be kept by clicking the Other side button.

You can select several cutting elements. In that case, note that the selection order is important as
the area to be split is defined according to the side to be kept in relation to current splitting
element.

In the illustrations below, the top-left line is the first splitting element. In the left illustration it
defines an area that intersects with the other three splitting curves, and in the illustration to the
right, these three elements are useless to split the area defined by the first splitting element.

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Would you need to remove one of these cutting elements, select it from the list and click the
Remove Cutting Element button.

• Click OK to split the element.

When necessary, the cutting element will be extrapolated in order to split a surface correctly (as
shown in following figure).

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Check the Keep both sides option to retain the split element after the operation. In that case it
appears as a separate

When splitting a wire (curve, line, sketch and so forth) by another wire, you can select a support to
define the area that will be kept after splitting the element. It is defined by the vectorial product
of the normal to the support and the tangent to the splitting element.
This is especially recommended when splitting a closed wire.

Trimming Geometry:

This task shows how to trim two surfaces or two wireframe elements.

• Click the Trim icon .

The Trim Definition dialog box appears.

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• Select the two surfaces or two wireframe elements to be trimmed.

A preview of the trimmed element appears. You can change the portion to be kept by selecting
that portion.

You can also select the portions to be kept by clicking the Other side of element 1 and Other side
of element 2 buttons.

• Click OK to trim the surfaces or wireframe elements.

The trimmed element (identified as Trim.xxx) is added to the specification tree.

You should make your selections by clicking on the portions that you want to keep after the trim.
When necessary, the cutting elements will be extrapolated in order to trim surfaces correctly.
When trimming wires (curve, line, sketch and so forth) by another wire, you can select a support to
define the area that will be kept after trimming the element. It is defined by the vectorial product
of the normal to the support and the tangent to the trimming element.

This is especially recommended when trimming a closed wire.

In our example, the Sketch composed of two lines (Sketch.11) is trimmed by the circle (Sketch.10).

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Resulting trimmed element Resulting trimmed element
Without support selection
With support selection

Check the Result simplification button to allow the system to automatically reduce the number of
faces in the resulting trim whenever possible.
When trimming wires (curve, line, sketch and so forth) by another wire, you can select a support to
define the area that will be kept after trimming the element. It is defined by the vectorial product
of the normal to the support and the tangent to the trimming element.
This is especially recommended when trimming a closed wire, as illustrated here (the circle is
trimmed by the line):

Check the Result simplification button to allow the system to automatically reduce the number of

faces in the resulting trim whenever possible.

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 Boundary Curves:

This task shows how to create boundary curves.

• Click the Boundary icon.

The Boundary Definition dialog box appears.

• Select the edge curve of a surface.

• Use the combo to choose the Propagation type:

Complete boundary: the selected edge is propagated around the entire surface boundary.
Point continuity: the selected edge is propagated around the surface boundary until a point
discontinuity is met.
Tangent continuity: the selected edge is propagated around the surface boundary until a tangent
discontinuity is met.
No propagation: no propagation or continuity condition is imposed, only the selected edge is kept.

The boundary curve is displayed according to the selected propagation type.

No continuity

Tangent continuity

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Point continuity

Complete boundary

• You can relimit the boundary curve by means of two elements, a point on the curve for example.
• Click OK to create the boundary curve.

If you select the surface directly, the Propagation type no longer is available, as the complete
boundary is automatically generated.

Provided the generated boundary curve is continuous, you can still select limiting point to limit the
boundary.

Using the arrows you can then invert the limited boundary.

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Combine:
This task shows you how to combine two curves which are in two different planes to make a single
3D curve.

Click the combine icon

The combine Definition dialog box appears.

Select the curves as shown; the selected curves should be in different planes generally normal to
each other.

Click ok to end.
The new combine curve is formed; this curve will match with its respective views.

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Creating Projections:
This task shows you how to create geometry by projecting one or more elements onto a support.
The projection may be normal or along a direction.
You can project:
• A point onto a surface or wireframe support
• Wireframe geometry onto a surface support
• Any combination of points and wireframe onto a surface support.

Generally speaking, the projection operation has a derivative effect, meaning that there may be a
continuity loss when projecting an element onto another. If the initial element presents curvature
continuity, the resulting projected element presents at least tangency continuity. If the initial
element presents tangency continuity, the resulting projected element presents at least point
continuity.
Open the Projection1.CATPart document.

Click the Projection icon.

The Projection Definition dialog box appears as well as the Multi-Selection dialog box allowing
performing multi-selection.

Select the element to be projected.

You can select several elements to be projected. In this case, the projected field indicates: x
elements

Select the Support element.

Use the combo to specify the direction type for the projection:

Normal: the projection is done normal to the support element.

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 Along a direction: you need to select a line to take its orientation as the translation direction or a
plane to take its normal as the translation direction.

You can also specify the direction by means of X, Y, Z vector components by using the contextual
menu on the Direction field.

Whenever several projections are possible, you can select the Nearest Solution check box to keep
the nearest projection.
The nearest solutions are sorted once the computation of all the possible solutions is performed.

You can smooth the element to be projected by checking either:

None: deactivates the smoothing result
G1 : enhances the current continuity to tangent continuity
G2 : enhances the current continuity to curvature continuity
You can specify the maximum deviation for G1 or G2 smoothing by entering a value or using the
spinners.
If the element cannot be smoothed correctly, a warning message is issued.
Moreover, a topology simplification is automatically performed for G2 vertices: cells with curvature
continuity are merged.
Click OK to create the projection element.

Creating Intersections:
This task shows you how to create wireframe geometry by intersecting elements.
You can intersect:

• Wireframe elements
• Surfaces
• Wireframe elements and a surface.

Click the Intersection icon.

The Intersection Definition dialog box appears as well as the Multi-Selection dialog box allowing
performing multi-selection.

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Select the two elements to be intersected.
The intersection is displayed.

Multi-selection is available on the first selection, meaning you can select several elements to be
intersected, but only one intersecting element.

Choose the type of intersection to be displayed:

• A Curve: when intersecting a curve with another one

• Points: when intersecting a curve with another one

• A Contour: when intersecting a solid element with a surface

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• A Face: when intersecting a solid element with a surface (we increased the transparency degree
on the pad and surface)

Click OK to create the intersection element.

This example shows the line resulting his example shows the curve resulting

From the intersection of a plane and a surface from the intersection of two surfaces

Several options can be defined to improve the preciseness of the intersection.

The Extend linear supports for intersection option enables you to extend the first, second or both
elements.
Both options are unchecked by default.

Here is an example with the option checked for both elements.

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• The Extrapolate intersection on first element check box enables you to perform an
extrapolation on the first selected element, in the case of a surface-surface intersection. In all
the other cases, the option will be grayed.

Intersection without the Extrapolation Intersection with the Extrapolation

option checked option checked

• The Intersect non coplanar line segments check box enables you to perform an intersection on
two non-cutting lines. In all the other cases, the option will be grayed.

When checking this option, both Extend linear supports for intersection options are checked too.

Intersection between the light green line and the blue line: the intersection point is calculated
after the blue line is extrapolated

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Intersection between the pink line and the blue line: the intersection is calculated as the mid-
point of minimum distance between the two lines

• Avoid using input elements which are tangent to each other since this may result in geometric
instabilities in the tangency zone.
• If you intersect closed surfaces, they need to be created in two different geometrical sets.

Creating Circles
This task shows the various methods for creating circles and circular arcs:

• Center And Radius

• Center And Point
• Two Points And Radius
• Three Points
• Center And Axis
• Bitangent And Radius
• Bitangent And Point
• Tritangent
• Center And Tangent

Click the Circle icon .

The Circle Definition dialog box appears.

Use the drop-down list to choose the desired circle type.

Center and Radius:

Select a point as circle Center.

Select the Support plane or surface where the circle is to be created.
Enter a Radius value.
Depending on the active Circle Limitations icon, the corresponding circle or circular arc is
displayed.
For a circular arc, you can specify the Start and End angles of the arc.

If a support surface is selected, the circle lies on the plane tangent to the surface at the selected
point.

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Start and End angles can be specified by entering values or by using the graphic manipulators.

Center and Point:

• Select a point as Circle center.

• Select a Point where the circle is to be created.
• Select the Support plane or surface where the circle is to be created.

The circle, which center is the first selected point and passing through the second point or the
projection of this second point on the plane tangent to the surface at the first point, is previewed.

Depending on the active Circle Limitations icon, the corresponding circle or circular arc is
displayed.
For a circular arc, you can specify the Start and End angles of the arc.

Two Points and Radius:

• Select two points on a surface or in the same plane.

• Select the Support plane or surface.
• Enter a Radius value.

The circle, passing through the first selected point and the second point or the projection of this
second point on the plane tangent to the surface at the first point, is previewed.

Depending on the active Circle Limitations icon, the corresponding circle or circular arc is
displayed.
For a circular arc, you can specify the trimmed or complementary arc using the two selected points
as end points.

You can use the Second Solution button, to display the alternative arc.

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Three Points:

• Select three points where the circle is to be created.

Depending on the active Circle Limitations icon, the corresponding circle or circular arc is
displayed.
For a circular arc, you can specify the trimmed or complementary arc using the two of the selected
points as end points.

Bi-tangent and Radius:

• Select two Elements (point or curve) to which the circle is to be tangent.

• Select a Support surface.

If one of the selected inputs is a planar curve, then the Support is set to Default (Plane).
If an explicit Support needs to be defined, a contextual menu is available to clear the selection in
order to select the desired support.

This automatic support definition saves you from performing useless selections.
• Enter a Radius value.
• Several solutions may be possible, so click in the region where you want the circle to be.
Depending on the active Circle Limitations icon, the corresponding circle or circular arc is
displayed.

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For a circular arc, you can specify the trimmed or complementary arc using the two tangent points
as end points.

You can select the Trim Element 1 and Trim Element 2 check boxes to trim the first element or the
second element, or both elements.
Here is an example with Element 1 trimmed
These options are only available with the Trimmed Circle limitation.

Bi-tangent and Point:

• Select a point or a curve to which the circle is to be tangent.

• Select a Curve and a Point on this curve.
• Select a Support plane or planar surface.

The point will be projected onto the curve.

If one of the selected inputs is a planar curve, then the Support is set to Default (Plane).
If an explicit Support needs to be defined, a contextual menu is available to clear the selection in
order to select the desired support.

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This automatic support definition saves you from performing useless selections.

Several solutions may be possible, so click in the region where you want the circle to be.

Depending on the active Circle Limitations icon, the corresponding circle or circular arc is
displayed.

Complete circle
For a circular arc, you can choose the trimmed or complementary arc using the two tangent points
as end points.

Trimmed circle Complementary trimmed circle

You can select the Trim Element 1 and Trim Element 2 check boxes to trim the first element or the
second element, or both elements.
Here is an example with both elements trimmed.
These options are only available with the Trimmed Circle limitation.

Tritangent:

• Select three Elements to which the circle is to be tangent.

• Select a Support planar surface.

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 If one of the selected inputs is a planar curve, then the Support is set to Default (Plane).
If an explicit Support needs to be defined, a contextual menu is available to clear the selection in
order to select the desired support.
This automatic support definition saves you from performing useless selections.

• Several solutions may be possible, so select the arc of circle that you wish to create.
Depending on the active Circle Limitations icon, the corresponding circle or circular arc is
displayed. The first and third elements define where the relimitation ends.
For a circular arc, you can specify the trimmed or complementary arc using the two tangent points
as end points.

You can select the Trim Element 1 and Trim Element 3 check boxes to trim the first element or the
third element, or both elements.
Here is an example with Element 3 trimmed.

These options are only available with the Trimmed Circle limitation.

Center and Tangent:

There are two ways to create a center and tangent circle:

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 Center curve and Radius:

• Select a curve as the Center Element.

• Select a Tangent Curve.
• Enter a Radius value.

Line Tangent to Curve Definition:

• Select a point as the Center Element.

• Select a Tangent Curve.

Creating Corners:
This task shows you how to create a corner between two curves or between a point and a curve.

Click the Corner icon .

The Corner Definition dialog box appears.

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Select a curve or a point as first reference element.

Select a curve as second reference element.

The corner will be created between these two references.

Select the Support surface. It can be a surface or a plane. Here we selected the zx plane.

The resulting corner is a curve seen as an arc of circle lying on a support place or surface.
The reference elements must lie on this support, as well as the center of the circle defining the
corner.
Enter a Radius value.
Several solutions may be possible, so click the Next Solution button to move to another corner
solution, or directly select the corner you want in the geometry.

You can select the Trim elements check box if you want to trim and assemble the two reference
elements to the corner.
Click OK to create the corner.
Creating Connect Curves
This task shows how to create connecting curves between two existing curves.
Click the Connect Curve icon .
The Connect Curve Definition dialog box appears.

Select a first Point on a curve then a second Point on a second curve.

The Curve fields are automatically filled.

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Use the combos to specify the desired Continuity type: Point, Tangency or Curvature.

If needed, enter tension values in the example below the tension are set to 3 whenever we
illustrate a curvature or tangency continuity).

The connect curve is displayed between the two selected points according to the specified
continuity and tension values.

Connect curve with point continuity Connect curve with point continuity at at both points.
one point and tangent continuity at the other

Connect curve with point continuity at one Connect curve with tangent continuity

point and curvature at other at one and curvature continuity at the Other

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Connect curve with curvature continuity Connect curve with tangent
at both points continuity at both points

An arrow is displayed at each extremity of the curve. You can click the arrow to reverse the
orientation of the curve at that extremity.

A graphic manipulator also allows you to modify the tension at the extremity of the connect curve,
rather than in the dialog box.

Creating Splines:

This task shows the various methods for creating spline curves.

Click the Spline icon .

The Spline Definition dialog box appears.

Select two or more points where the spline is to pass.

An updated spline is visualized each time a point is selected.

It is possible to edit the spline by first selecting a point in the dialog box list then choosing a button
to either:

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• Add a point after the selected point
• Add a point before the selected point
• Remove the selected point
• Replace the selected point by another point.

You can select the Geometry on support check box, and select a support (plane, surface), if you
want the spline to be projected onto a support surface.

It is better when the tangent directions belong to the support that is when a projection is possible.

In this case just select a surface or plane.

In the figure above, the spline was created on a planar support grid

Click on the Add Parameter button to display further options.

To set tangency conditions onto any point of the spline, select the point and click on Tangent Dir.

There are two ways of imposing tangency and curvature constraints:

Explicit: select a line or plane to which the tangent on the spline is parallel at the selected point

From curve: select a curve to which the spline is tangent at the selected point.

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Use the Remove Tgt., Reverse Tgt., or Remove Cur. To manage the different imposed tangency
and curvature constraints.

Spline with a tangency constraint Spline with reversed tangent

on endpoint (tension = 2)

Note that for the Points Specifications, you must enter your information in the following order:
Tangent Dir. (tangent direction)
Tangent Tension
Curvature Dir. (curvature direction)
Curvature Radius (to select it, just click in the field).
The fields become active as you select values.

Click OK to create the spline.

Use the Close Spline option to create a closed curve, provided the geometric configuration allows
it.

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Creating a Helix:
This task shows the various methods for creating helical 3D curves, such as coils and springs for
example.

Click the Helix icon

The Helix Curve Definition dialog box appears.

Select a starting point and an axis.

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Set the helix parameters:

Pitch: the distance between two revolutions of the curve

You can define the evolution of the pitch along the helix using a law.

• Height: the global height of the helical curve, in the case of a constant pitch type helix
• Orientation: defines the rotation direction (clockwise or counter clockwise)
• Starting Angle: defines where the helical curve starts, in relation to the starting point.
• This parameter can be set only for the Constant pitch only.
• Taper Angle: the radius variation from one revolution to the other. It ranges from -90° to 90°
excluded.
• For a constant radius, set the taper angle to 0.
• Way: defines the taper angle orientation.
• Inward: the radius decreases
• Outward: the radius increases
• Profile: the curve used to control the helical curve radius variation. The radius evolves according
to the distance between the axis and the selected profile (here the orange curve).

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• Note that the Starting point must be on the profile.

Starting Angle: defines where the helical curve starts, in relation to the starting point.

This parameter can be set only for the Constant pitch only.

Click the Reverse Direction button to invert the curve direction.

Click OK to create the helix

Extrapolating Surfaces
This task shows you how to extrapolate a surface boundary

Click the Extrapolate icon .

The Extrapolate Definition dialog box appears.

• Select a surface Boundary.

• Select the surface to be Extrapolated

Specify the Limit of the extrapolation by either:

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• entering the value of the extrapolation length
• selecting a limit surface or plane
• Using the manipulators in the geometry.

Specify the Continuity type:

• Tangent
• Curvature

Tangent continuity curvature continuity

Specify Extremities conditions between the extrapolated surface and the support surface.

• Tangent: the extrapolation sides are tangent to the edges adjacent to the surface boundary.
• Normal: the extrapolation sides are normal to the original surface boundary.

Specify the Propagation type:

Tangency continuity to propagate the extrapolation to the boundary's adjacent edges.

Point continuity to propagate the extrapolation around all the boundary's vertices

Check the Assemble result option if you want the extrapolated surface to be assembled to the
support surface.

This option is now also available with the Curvature continuity.

Click OK to create the extrapolated surface

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Assembly:
Creating an Assembly Document:
This task will show you how to enter the Assembly Design workbench to create a new assembly from
scratch.

The document contains:

A specification tree to the left of the application window

Specific toolbars to the right of the application window

Select the Start -> Mechanical Design -> Assembly Design command to launch the required
workbench.

The Assembly Design workbench is opened. You can see that Product1 is displayed in the
specification tree, indicating the building block of the assembly to be created. To create an
assembly, you need products. The application uses the term product or component to indicate
assemblies or parts. You can use parts to create products. Those products can in turn be used to
create other products.

The commands for assembling different products (or components) are available in the toolbar
Product Structure Tools to the right of the application window. For information on these
commands, please refer to Product Structure user's guide.

Inserting an Existing Component

This task will show you how to insert a component as the same operation.

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This functionality is an enhancement of the Insert Existing Component command for Assembly
Design workbench. The Smart Move interface will enable the easy positioning of inserted
components in the assembly, at the very moment of their insertion. It will also enable the
positioning by creation of constraints. If there is no geometry to position when the component is
inserted, this functionality has the same behavior as the Insert Existing Component command plus
visualization.

Click the Existing Component icon :

Select Product1 in the specification tree

File selection dialog box appears.

Select the component you wish to call in the Assembly.

And say ok.

Managing Constraints:
This section describes the notions and operating modes you will need to set and use constraints in
your assembly structure. Constraints allow you to position mechanical components correctly in
relation to the other components of the assembly. You just need to specify the type of constraints
you wish to set up between two components, and the system will place the components exactly the
way you want. You can also use constraints to indicate the mechanical relationships between
components. In this case, constraints are included in the specifications of your assembly.

• Create a Coincidence Constraint : Click this icon, select the faces to be constrained and
enter the properties of the constraint in the dialog box.

• Create a Contact Constraint : Click this icon and select the faces to be constrained.

• Create an Offset Constraint : Click this icon, select the faces to be constrained and enter the
properties of the constraint in the dialog box.

• Create an Angle Constraint : Click this icon, select the faces to be constrained and enter the
properties of the constraint in the dialog box.

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• Fix a Component : Click this icon and select component to be fixed.

• Fix Components Together : Click this icon, select the components to be fixed and enter a
name for this group in the dialog box.

• Quick Constraint : Check the list of constraint creation, click the icon and select the
elements to be constrained.

• Change Constraint : Select the constraint to be changed, click this icon and select the new
type of constraint in the dialog box.

• Use a Part Design Pattern : Select the pattern, select the component to be repeated, click
this icon and enter the specifications in the dialog box.

Moving Components:

• Manipulate Components : click this icon, click the parameters you wish, select the
component to be moved and drag this component.

• Snap Components : click this icon and select both elements.

• Smart Move : click this icon and select the components to be moved (and constrained if you
check the Automatic constraint creation option).

• Smart Move with Viewer : select the components to be moved (and constrained if you check
the Automatic constraint creation option) and click this icon.

• Explode a Constrained Assembly : click this icon, select the parameters you need and select
the assembly to be exploded.

• Stop Manipulation on Clash : click this icon and use the compass or the Manipulation
command.

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Drafting:
Creating a New Drawing:
This task will show you how to create a new drawing with pre-defined views generated from a part.

From the menu bar, select Start -> Mechanical Design.

Select the Drafting workbench.

The New Drawing Creation dialog box appears with information on views that can possibly be
created, as well as information on the drawing standards.

You can modify the drawing standards. For this, click the Modify button.
The New Drawing Creation dialog box will not appear if you did not previously open a CAT Part or a
CAT Product document.

• Select the views to be automatically created on your drawing from the New Drawing Creation
dialog box, for example the Front, Bottom and Right icon.

• Click OK. A progress bar appears while the views are being generated from the opened CAT Part.

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Sheets:
The Generative Drafting workbench provides a simple method for managing a sheet.

A sheet contains:

• A working view, which supports the geometry directly created in the sheet.
• A background view, which is dedicated to frames and title blocks.
• Interactive or generated views.

• Define a Drafting sheet : Define the sheet using commands and dialog boxes.

• Modify a Drafting sheet: Modify the sheet orientation using the Page Setup dialog box.

• Create a frame and title block : Create a background sheet and insert a frame and a title
block into it using the Frame and Title Block dialog box.
View Creation

The Generative Drafting workbench provides a simple method to create views on a predefined
sheet.

In this chapter, most of the tasks illustrate how to create views from parts. These views can also be
created from assemblies (exploded or not). Views created from assemblies are illustrated only
whenever specific points need to be mentioned.

Before you begin: You should be familiar with important concepts.

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• Create a front view : Use a reference plane on the 3D part to create a front view. If needed,
use the manipulator to assign the right position to the view.

• Create an advanced front view : Create advanced front views to configure such elements as
the view name, view scale, etc. Whenever possible, a pertinent projection plane is automatically
offered.

• Create projection views : Use the green frame to automatically generate the projection views
as desired.

• Create an unfolded view : Create an unfolded view from a Sheet Metal part.

• Create a view from 3D : Generate a view and the associated annotations from the 3D.

• Create an auxiliary view : Define a plane that will be used to generate the auxiliary view.

• Create an offset section view : Use a cutting profile to define and position the offset section
view.

• Create an offset section cut : Use a cutting profile to define and position the offset section
cut.

• Create an aligned section view : Use a cutting profile to define and position the aligned
section view.

• Create an aligned section cut : Use a cutting profile to define and position the aligned section
cut.

• Create a section view with profile defined in 3D: Create a section view using a 3D profile as
cutting plane.

• Create a section cut with profile defined in 3D: Create a section cut using a 3D profile as cutting
plane.

• Create a detail view : Use a callout to create a detail view via a Boolean operator from the
3D.

• Create a detail view profile : Use a polygon to create a detail view via a Boolean operator
from the 3D.

• Create a quick detail view : Use a callout to create a detail view by computing the view
directly from 2D projection.

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• Create a quick detail view profile : Use a polygon to create a detail view by computing the
view directly from 2D projection.

• Create a clipping view : Create a clipping view with a circle as callout.

• Create a clipping view profile : Create a clipping view with a sketched profile as callout.

• Create an isometric view : Create an isometric view using a 3D part.

• Generate an exploded view: Create an isometric view, and then, projected views
From an assembly previously exploded via Digital Mock-up workbench (DMU Navigator).

• Create a broken view : Create a broken view from an active and up to date generative view
using two profiles corresponding to the part to be broken from the view extremities.

• Create a breakout view : Remove locally material from a left generated view, in order to
visualize the remaining visible internal part.

• Create views via the wizard : Create views using a wizard by defining options in the Pre-
Defined Configurations dialog box.

• Create views via the wizard : Automatically create front, bottom and right views using a
wizard.

• Create views via the wizard : Automatically create front, left and top views using a wizard.

• Create views via the wizard : Automatically create all the views using a wizard.

Creating a Front View

This task will show you how to create a front view either from a part or from the sub-part of a
product. You will use a reference plane. You will also learn how to create a front view with local
axis system, and how to create a front view from specific sub-bodies/sub-products.

A front view is a projection view obtained by drawing perpendiculars from all points on the edges of
the part to the plane of projection. The plane of projection upon which the front view is projected
is called the frontal plane.

Creating a front view:

Click the Front View icon from the Views toolbar.

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Select one plane of the 3D part or a plane surface, to define the reference plane.
Blue arrows appear.

If you select a plane surface, the reference orientation will be the external normal of the planar
surface.

To define the reference plane, you can also select:

• Two edges: these edges correspond to both axes defining the reference plane according to which
the front view will be generated. The first edge determines the horizontal axis.
• A point and an edge, or three points: you will thus define a plane.
In other words, you will select, in the geometry, one of the followings:

• A plane
• A point and then an edge
• An edge and then a point
• Two edges
• Two points and then an edge
• Three points

Click inside the sheet to generate the view.

Right-click the frame of the view, select the Properties option from the contextual menu, View tab
and check the required options in the Properties dialog box. By default, the axis and center lines
are generated. You can also view hidden lines, threads, fillets, project 3D points, etc.

• In the case of an assembly view, you can insert Bill of Material information into the active view.
• In a Product Structure context, if you create a front view from a scene of a product, you can
directly select the Scene object in the specification tree. You do not necessarily need to select the
Product and sub-products any more.

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Creating a Projection View:
This task will show you how to create projection views on the sheet, relatively to the front view
previously generated.
Projection views are views conceived to be drawn or projected onto planes known as planes of
projection. A transparent plane or pane of glass representing a plane of projection is located
parallel to the front surfaces of the part.

Click the Drawing window, and double-click the Projection View icon from the Views toolbar
(Projections sub-toolbar).

As you move the cursor, a previewed projection view in a green frame appears on the sheet.

Define the projection view position by positioning the cursor at the desired view location, for
example the right view position.

Click inside the green frame to generate the view.

Define the bottom view position.

Click inside the sheet to generate the view

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Click on the Projection view icon to end the projection view creation.
Creating an Auxiliary View

This task will show you how to create an auxiliary view.

Many objects are of such shape that their principal faces cannot always be assumed parallel to the
regular planes of projection. Creating an auxiliary view allows showing the true shapes by assuming
a direction of sight perpendicular to planes that are perpendicular of the curves. This auxiliary
view, together with the top view, completely describes the object.

• Click the Auxiliary View icon from the Views toolbar (Projections sub-toolbar).

Sketch the representation of the plane. In this case, click an edge on the right view.

You could also click a point and then an edge.

Both the 3D surface and the sketched plane are associative.

The selected edge becomes a line that you can position where desired using the cursor. This
line/callout will be automatically used as the plane.

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Click to position the callout.
The reference plane is automatically positioned according to the selected edge.

Positioning the auxiliary view callout amounts to defining the auxiliary view direction.

Click to position the auxiliary view.

Before clicking, as you move the cursor within a zone

perpendicular to the plane, a preview of the auxiliary
view to be created simultaneously appears. This view
will be automatically positioned accordingly. This is
also true when creating a section view or a section
cut.

You can also move the cursor outside the zone

perpendicular to the plane and position the view
where you want.

Note that the callout can be inverted or graphically

modified.

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Creating an Offset Section View / Cut:

This task will show you how to create an offset section view/cut using a cutting profile as cutting
plane. In sectioning through irregular objects, it is often desirable to show several features that do
not lie in a straight line by offsetting or bending the cutting plane.

Make sure the front view is active (use double-clicking).

Click the Drawing window, and click the Offset Section View icon or the Offset Section Cut

icon from the Views toolbar (Sections sub-toolbar).

Select the elements required for sketching the cutting profile: points, edges (linear or circular),
center lines, and axes.

The section plane appears on the 3D part and moves dynamically on the part.

Double-click to end the cutting profile creation.

Offset section view

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 Offset Section Cut

Click to define the section view direction and to position the view on the sheet.

Generating Dimensions in One Shot

Before you begin, make sure you customized the following settings:
Dimension generation:

Go to Tools->Options->Mechanical Design->Drafting, and click on the Generation tab. Check the

Analysis after generation option.

This task will show you how to generate dimensions in one shot from the constraints of a 3D part.
Only the following constraints can be generated: distance, length, angle, radius and diameter.

Constraints may be of three kinds: created manually (i) via the sketcher or (ii) via the 3D part, or
else (iii) automatically created via internal parameters.

1. Click the Generate Dimensions icon from the Generation toolbar (Dimension Generation sub-
toolbar).

The dimensions are automatically generated on the front view, which in this particular case is the
only view in the drawing.

In the case of drawings with several views, by default, dimensions are generated on all the views.
To generate dimensions on specific views, simply select these views prior to generating dimensions.
The selected views will be automatically highlighted, and dimensions will be generated on the
selected views only.

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Drawing view with generated dimensions 3D part with displayed dimension
And one selected dimension corresponding to the dimension
selected on the drawing view:

The Generated Dimensions Analysis dialog box showing the dimensions and constraints generated
for each part (in this case, there is only one) is automatically displayed.

Click OK to close the dialog box.

Dimension Manipulation:
The Generative Drafting workbench enables you to create and modify dimensions.
Note that dimension commands are actually provided with the Interactive Drafting workbench.
Therefore, this section of the documentation actually points to the Interactive Drafting User's
Guide. As such, the information detailed in this section is presented in an Interactive Drafting
context.

If you want to manipulate dimensions in a Generative Drafting context, you can open
These dimensions will be associative to the elements created from a part or an assembly. When
created, these elements are associated with a view.

Note that for views that are generated from surfaces, only sketched constraints are generated.

• Create dimensions : Create dimensions by clicking elements.

• Create half-dimensions: Create half dimensions on distance, angle, diameter, cylinders, diameter
edges and diameter tangents but not on cumulate dimensions.

• Create cumulated dimensions : Create cumulated dimensions on a view using selection.

• Create stacked dimensions : Create stacked dimensions using selection.

• Create explicit dimensions : Create dimensions using explicit selection both of

the desired icon and of the required geometrical elements.

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• Create/modify angle dimensions: Create an angle dimension and perform the following kinds of
modifications: new angle sector or turn an angle sector into a supplementary sector.

• Create chamfer dimensions : Create a chamfer dimension using selection.

• Create associative thread dimensions : Create associative thread dimensions.

• Create/modify coordinate dimensions : Automatically create coordinate dimensions on

elements.

• Create a holes dimensions table : Create a table containing holes dimensions (diameter and
center coordinates).

• Create points coordinates table : Create a table containing 2D and 3D points coordinates.
• Create/modify radius curvature dimensions: Create and modify a radius curvature dimension.
This lets you know the curvature radius at a given point on a curve (spline, ellipse, etc.).
• Create overall curve dimensions: You can create dimensions on the overall size of any kind of
curve, whether it is canonical or not (e.g.: line, circle, ellipse, spline, etc.). You can also create
dimensions on the overall size between 2 curves, or between a curve and a line, for example.
• Create curvilinear length dimensions: You can create dimensions for the curvilinear length of a
curve, i.e. measure the overall length of a curve.
• Create dimensions along a reference direction: You can create dimensions along a direction of
measure. In other words, you can measure the projection of a segment/distance onto a
direction.

• Create dimensions between intersection points : You can create dimensions between an
intersection point and an element or between two intersection points.
• Create dimensions between an element and a view axis: Create dimensions between an element
and a view axis (one of the two axes or the origin).
• Modify the dimension type: Modify the dimension type as you create a dimension. On other
words, you modify the dimension attributes.
• Re-route dimensions: Re-route dimensions, i.e. recalculate dimensions taking into account new
geometry elements.
• Interrupt one or more extension lines: Interrupt manually one or more extension lines of one or
more dimensions, either using the contextual menu or the Insert menu bar option.
• Modify the dimension line location: Use the mouse to modify dimension line location either
before or after creating dimensions.
• Modify the dimension value text position: Use the cursor to modify dimension value text position.
• Specify the dimension value position: Automatically or explicitly position the dimension value
inside or outside the area between extremity symbols.
• Add text before/after the dimension value: Insert text before or after the dimension value.
• Modify the dimension overrun/blanking: Use the Blanking Edition dialog box to modify dimension
overrun or blanking.
• Line up dimensions (free space): Line up dimensions relatively to a point in the free space.
• Line up dimensions (reference): Line up dimensions according to a given reference.

• Create a datum feature : Use the Datum Feature Creation dialog box to create a datum
feature.
• Modify a datum feature: Modify a datum feature by editing it.
• Create a geometrical tolerance: Use the Geometric Dimensioning And Tolerancing Parameters
dialog box to create geometrical tolerances.

• Modify a geometrical tolerance : Use the Geometric Dimensioning And Tolerancing Parameters
dialog box to modify geometrical tolerances.
• Copy a geometrical tolerance: Copy an existing geometrical tolerance and then edit the content
for creating a new one.
• Create driving dimensions: Create dimensions that will drive associated constrained geometry.

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