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Natural and Artificial Lighting System

The document discusses different types of natural and artificial lighting systems including daylighting, indoor lighting fixtures, task lighting, accent lighting, general lighting, downlighting, uplighting, front lighting, backlighting, alcove lighting, soffit lighting, recessed lighting, track lighting, sconces, torchieres, portable lamps, illuminated ceilings, outdoor lighting such as street lights, floodlights, beacon lights, security lights, and entry lights.

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Renniel Kent Oya-an
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95 views71 pages

Natural and Artificial Lighting System

The document discusses different types of natural and artificial lighting systems including daylighting, indoor lighting fixtures, task lighting, accent lighting, general lighting, downlighting, uplighting, front lighting, backlighting, alcove lighting, soffit lighting, recessed lighting, track lighting, sconces, torchieres, portable lamps, illuminated ceilings, outdoor lighting such as street lights, floodlights, beacon lights, security lights, and entry lights.

Uploaded by

Renniel Kent Oya-an
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Natural and Artificial lighting

systems
Lighting
• Lighting or illumination is the
deliberate application of light to
achieve some practical or aesthetic
effect.
• Lighting includes the use of both
artificial light sources such as
lamps and light fixtures, as well as
natural illumination by capturing
daylight.
• Daylighting (using windows,
skylights, or light shelves) is often
used as the main source of light
during daytime in buildings. This
can save energy compared with
artificial lighting, which represents
a major component of energy
consumption in buildings.
daylighting
windows skylight
• Indoor lighting is usually
accomplished using light fixtures, and
is a key part of interior design.
Lighting can also be an intrinsic
component of landscape projects.
FIXTURES
• Lighting fixtures come in a wide
variety of styles for various functions.
The most important functions are as a
holder for the light source, to provide
directed light and to avoid visual
glare.
property of light fixtures
• luminous efficacy or wall-plug efficiency,
meaning the amount of usable light
emanating from the fixture per used energy,
usually measured in lumen per watt.
• A fixture using replaceable light sources can
also have its efficiency quoted as the
percentage of light passed from the "bulb" to
the surroundings. The more transparent the
lighting fixture is, the higher efficacy. Shading
the light will normally decrease efficacy but
increase the directionality and the visual
comfort probability.
TYPES
• Task lighting is mainly functional and is usually
the most concentrated, for purposes such as
reading or inspection of materials. For
example, reading poor-quality reproductions
may require task lighting levels up to 1500 lux
(150 footcandles), and some inspection tasks
or surgical procedures require even higher
levels.
TASK LIGHTING
Accent lighting
• Accent lighting is mainly decorative, intended
to highlight pictures, plants, or other elements
of interior design or landscaping.
ACCENT LIGHTING

Outdoor Lighting Fixtures


ACCENT LIGHTING
• 3.General lighting (sometimes referred to as
ambient light) fills in between the two and is
intended for general illumination of an area.
Indoors, this would be a basic lamp on a table
or floor, or a fixture on the ceiling.
• Outdoors, general lighting for a parking lot
may be as low as 10-20 lux (1-2 footcandles)
since pedestrians and motorists already used
to the dark will need little light for crossing
the area.
Methods
• 1. Downlighting is most common, with
fixtures on or recessed in the ceiling casting
light downward. This tends to be the most
used method, used in both offices and homes.
Although it is easy to design it has dramatic
problems with glare and excess energy
consumption due to large number of fittings.
LED DOWNLIGHTS
LED Ceiling Lamp/Lights, LED Recessed
Downlights

LED Recessed Downlight


• 2. Uplighting is less common, often used to
bounce indirect light off the ceiling and back
down. It is commonly used in lighting
applications that require minimal glare and
uniform general illuminance levels.
• Uplighting (indirect) uses a diffuse surface to reflect
light in a space and can minimize disabling glare on
computer displays and other dark glossy surfaces. It
gives a more uniform presentation of the light output
in operation. However indirect lighting is completely
reliant upon the reflectance value of the surface.
While indirect lighting can create a diffused and
shadow free light effect it can be regarded as an
uneconomical lighting principle.
INDIRECT LIGHTING
Title

• 3. Front lighting is also quite common, but


tends to make the subject look flat as its casts
almost no visible shadows. Lighting from the
side is the less common, as it tends to produce
glare near eye level.
Title
Title

• 4. Backlighting either around or through an


object is mainly for accent.
• Backlighting refers to the process of
illuminating the subject from the back.
Title
Forms of lighting
INDOOR LIGHTING
Title
• 1. alcove lighting
• This is often done with fluorescent lighting
(first available at the 1939 World's Fair) or
rope light, or occasionally with neon lighting.
It is a form of backlighting.
Title

• A fluorescent lamp or fluorescent tube is a


gas-discharge lamp that uses electricity to
excite mercury vapor Top, two compact fluorescent lamps.
Bottom, two linear fluorescent lamps. A
matchstick, left, is shown for scale.
ALCOVE LIGHTING
ROPE LIGHTING
Title
Title

• 2. Soffit or close to wall lighting can be general


or a decorative wall-wash, sometimes used to
bring out texture (like stucco or plaster) on a
wall, though this may also show its defects as
well. The effect depends heavily on the exact
type of lighting source used.
SOFFIT LIGHTING
Title

• 3. Recessed lighting (often called "pot lights"


in Canada, "can lights" or 'high hats" in the
US) is popular, with fixtures mounted into the
ceiling structure so as to appear flush with it.
Title

• 4. Track lighting, invented by Lightolier, was


popular at one point because it was much
easier to install than recessed lighting, and
individual fixtures are decorative and can be
easily aimed at a wall.
Title
Title
• 5. A sconce is a wall-
mounted fixture,
particularly one that
shines up and
sometimes down as
well.
Title
• 6. A torchiere is an
uplight intended for
ambient lighting. It is
typically a floor lamp
but may be wall-
mounted like a
sconce.
Title
• 7.The portable or table lamp is probably the
most common fixture, found in many homes
and offices. The standard lamp and shade that
sits on a table is general lighting, while the
desk lamp is considered task lighting.
Magnifier lamps are also task lighting.
PORTABLE LAMP
DESK LAMP
MAGNIFIER LAMP
Title
• illuminated ceiling systems can be installed
either in patches or over the whole of the
ceiling.
ILLUMINATED CEILING
Outdoor lighting
TITLE
Title
• 1.Street Lights are used to light
roadways and walkways at night.
Some manufacturers are designing
LED and photovoltaic luminaires to
provide an energy-efficient
alternative to traditional street light
fixture
PHOTOVOLTAIC LUMINAIRES
• Floodlights can be used to illuminate outdoor
playing fields or work zones during nighttime
hours. The most common type of floodlights
are metal halide and high pressure sodium
lights.
Title
• Beacon lights are positioned at the
intersection of two roads to aid in navigation.
Title
• Security lights can be used along roadways in
urban areas, or behind homes or commercial
facilities. These are extremely bright lights
used to deter crime. Security lights may
include floodlights.
SECURITY LIGHTS
• Entry lights can be used outside to illuminate
and signal the entrance to a property. These
lights are installed for safety, security, and for
decoration.
ENTRY LIGHTS
• Underwater accent lighting is also used for koi
ponds, fountains, swimming pools and the lik

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