CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 9 UNIT 2: PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS

Name ___________________________________ Date _____________

Worksheet 2.1A
Matching terms and facts
Place all of these facts into the correct place in the table on the next page. The facts may be used once,
more than once or not at all. Some have been done for you.

have the same mass have a positive electrical

as neutrons charge

have the same mass

have the smallest mass
as protons

have a negative are found in the centre

electrical charge of the atom

are not found in the

have no electrical charge
nucleus

are found in the same

are found in the nucleus
numbers as electrons

are found in the same are found in different shells

numbers as protons around the nucleus

the mass number is used to

the atomic number tells
calculate how many there
you how many there are
are

Cambridge Lower Secondary Science 9 – Mary Jones, Diane Fellowes-Freeman and Michael Smyth © Cambridge University Press 2021 1
 CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 9 UNIT 2: PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS

Protons Neutrons Electrons

the atomic number tells the mass number is used to the atomic number tells
you how many there are calculate how many there you how many there are
are

have a positive electrical have the same mass as have the smallest mass
charge protons

are found in the same

numbers as electrons

Cambridge Lower Secondary Science 9 – Mary Jones, Diane Fellowes-Freeman and Michael Smyth © Cambridge University Press 2021 2
 CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 9 UNIT 2: PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS

Name ___________________________________ Date _____________

Worksheet 2.1B
Matching terms and facts
Place all of these facts into the correct place in the table on the next page. The facts may be used once,
more than once or not at all. Some have been done for you.

have the same mass as have a positive electrical

neutrons charge

have the same mass as

have the smallest mass
protons

have a negative electrical are found in the centre of

charge the atom

are not found in the

have no electrical charge
nucleus

are found in the same

are found in the nucleus
numbers as electrons

are found in the same are found in different shells

numbers as protons around the nucleus

the mass number is used to

the atomic number tells
calculate how many there
you how many there are
are

Cambridge Lower Secondary Science 9 – Mary Jones, Diane Fellowes-Freeman and Michael Smyth © Cambridge University Press 2021 3
 CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 9 UNIT 2: PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS

Protons Neutrons Electrons

the atomic number tells the mass number is used to

you how many there are calculate how many there
are

have the same mass as have the smallest mass

protons

Cambridge Lower Secondary Science 9 – Mary Jones, Diane Fellowes-Freeman and Michael Smyth © Cambridge University Press 2021 4
 CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 9 UNIT 2: PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS

Name ___________________________________ Date _____________

Worksheet 2.1C
Matching terms and facts
Place all of these facts into the correct place in the table on the next page. The facts may be used once,
more than once or not at all.

have the same mass as have a positive electrical

neutrons charge

have the same mass as

have the smallest mass
protons

have a negative electrical are found in the centre of

charge the atom

are not found in the

have no electrical charge
nucleus

are found in the same

are found in the nucleus
numbers as electrons

are found in the same are found in different shells

numbers as protons around the nucleus

the mass number is used to

the atomic number tells
calculate how many there
you how many there are
are

Cambridge Lower Secondary Science 9 – Mary Jones, Diane Fellowes-Freeman and Michael Smyth © Cambridge University Press 2021 5
 CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 9 UNIT 2: PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS

Protons Neutrons Electrons

Cambridge Lower Secondary Science 9 – Mary Jones, Diane Fellowes-Freeman and Michael Smyth © Cambridge University Press 2021 6
 CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 9 UNIT 2: PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS

Name ___________________________________ Date _____________

Worksheet 2.2A
Elements in Group 1 and Group 8
1 The elements in Group 1 are sometimes called the alkali metals. They have some properties
in common.
Complete the statements below using the terms shown here. You may use each of these
terms once, more than once or not at all. Some of them have been done for you.

acid calcium down easily cut

hard hydrogen less lithium magnesium

more not oil oxygen potassium

reactive sodium soft unreactive up

a The first three elements in Group 1 are lithium , _______________ and

_______________.

b The Group 1 elements are very soft . They can be _______________ with a knife.

c The Group 1 elements are stored under _______________ because they are very

reactive .

d When these elements react with water they form the gas _______________.

e The elements are more reactive with water as you go _______________ the group.

Cambridge Lower Secondary Science 9 – Mary Jones, Diane Fellowes-Freeman and Michael Smyth © Cambridge University Press 2021 7
 CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 9 UNIT 2: PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS

2 The elements in Group 8 are called the inert or noble gases. Complete the statements below
using the terms shown here. You may use each of these terms once, more than once or not at all.
Some of them have been done for you.

argon chlorine darker down eight gases heavier

helium larger less lighter liquids more neon

one reactive full smaller solids unreactive up

a The first three elements in Group 8 are helium , _______________ and

argon .

b The elements in this group are all _______________.

c The atoms get larger and _______________ as you go down the group.

d The elements in this group are _______________ and do not form compounds with other
elements.

e The elements in this group have _______________ outer electron shells.

Cambridge Lower Secondary Science 9 – Mary Jones, Diane Fellowes-Freeman and Michael Smyth © Cambridge University Press 2021 8
 CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 9 UNIT 2: PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS

Name ___________________________________ Date _____________

Worksheet 2.2B
Elements in Group 1 and Group 8
1 The elements in Group 1 are sometimes called the alkali metals. They have some properties
in common.

Complete the statements below using the terms shown here. You may use each of these
terms once, more than once or not at all. Some of them have been done for you.

acid calcium down easily cut

hard hydrogen less lithium magnesium

more not oil oxygen potassium

reactive sodium soft unreactive up

a The first three elements in Group 1 are lithium , _______________ and

_______________.

b The Group 1 elements are very _______________. They can be _______________ with a knife.

c The Group 1 elements are stored under _______________ because they are very

_______________.

d When these elements react with water, they form the gas _______________.

e The elements are more reactive with water as you go _______________ the group.

Cambridge Lower Secondary Science 9 – Mary Jones, Diane Fellowes-Freeman and Michael Smyth © Cambridge University Press 2021 9
 CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 9 UNIT 2: PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS

2 The elements in Group 8 are called the inert or noble gases. Complete the statements below
using the terms shown here. You may use each of these terms once, more than once or not at all.
Some of them have been done for you.

argon chlorine darker down eight gases heavier

helium larger less lighter liquids more neon

one reactive full smaller solids unreactive up

a The first three elements in Group 8 are helium , _______________ and

_______________.
b The elements in this group are all _______________.
c The atoms get larger and _______________ as you go _______________ the group.
d The elements in this group are _______________ and do not form compounds with other
elements.
e The elements in this group have _______________ outer electron shells.

Cambridge Lower Secondary Science 9 – Mary Jones, Diane Fellowes-Freeman and Michael Smyth © Cambridge University Press 2021 10
 CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 9 UNIT 2: PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS

Name ___________________________________ Date _____________

Worksheet 2.2C
Elements in Group 1 and Group 8
1 The elements in Group 1 are sometimes called the alkali metals. They have some properties
in common.
Complete the statements below using the terms shown here. You may use each of these
terms once, more than once or not at all.

acid calcium down easily cut

hard hydrogen less lithium magnesium

more not oil oxygen potassium

reactive sodium soft unreactive up

a The first three elements in Group 1 are _______________, _______________ and

_______________.

b The Group 1 elements are very _______________. They can be _______________ with a knife.

c The Group 1 elements are stored under _______________ because they are very

_______________.

d When these elements react with water they form the gas _______________.

e The elements are _______________ reactive with water as you go _______________ the group.

Cambridge Lower Secondary Science 9 – Mary Jones, Diane Fellowes-Freeman and Michael Smyth © Cambridge University Press 2021 11
 CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 9 UNIT 2: PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS

2 The elements in Group 8 are called the inert or noble gases. Complete the statements below using
the terms shown here. You may use each of these terms once, more than once or not at all.

argon chlorine darker down eight gases heavier

helium larger less lighter liquids more neon

one reactive full smaller solids unreactive up

a The first three elements in Group 8 are _______________, _______________ and

_______________

b The elements in this group are all _______________.

c The atoms get _______________ and _______________ as you go _______________ the group.

d The elements in this group are _______________ and do not form compounds with other
elements.

e The elements in this group have _______________ outer electron shells.

Cambridge Lower Secondary Science 9 – Mary Jones, Diane Fellowes-Freeman and Michael Smyth © Cambridge University Press 2021 12
 CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 9 UNIT 2: PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS

Name ___________________________________ Date _____________

Worksheet 2.3A
Ionic and covalent bonds
1 What is the difference between an ionic bond and a covalent bond?

The bond that has atoms sharing electrons is a _______________ bond whereas _______________

bonds involve elements losing or gaining electrons.

2 Which type of elements form ionic bonds and which type of elements form covalent bonds?

When a metal atom joins with a non-metal atom, the type of bond formed is _______________.

When non-metal atoms join together, the type of bond formed is _______________.
3 Which of the following are symbols for atoms, and which are symbols for molecules?
Some have been done for you.

Na C N2 H2O Cl Cl2 N O CO2

Atoms Molecules

C; Cl N2; Cl2

Cambridge Lower Secondary Science 9 – Mary Jones, Diane Fellowes-Freeman and Michael Smyth © Cambridge University Press 2021 13
 CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 9 UNIT 2: PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS

4 Draw a diagram to show the structure of an atom of lithium and an ion of lithium.
Give the symbols for the lithium atom and lithium ion.
The atomic number of lithium is 3 and the mass number is 7.
The outlines have been drawn for you.

5 Complete the diagram to show the structure of an atom of nitrogen.

The atomic number of nitrogen is 7 the mass number is 14.

6 Complete the diagram to show the structure of an atom of hydrogen. The atomic number of hydrogen
is 1, and the mass number is 1.

7 The compound ammonia has the formula NH3.

Complete the diagram to show the structure of a molecule of ammonia.

Cambridge Lower Secondary Science 9 – Mary Jones, Diane Fellowes-Freeman and Michael Smyth © Cambridge University Press 2021 14
 CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 9 UNIT 2: PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS

Name ___________________________________ Date _____________

Worksheet 2.3B
Ionic and covalent bonds
1 What is the difference between an ionic bond and a covalent bond?
(Which type of bond involves sharing electrons?)

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________
2 Which type of elements form ionic bonds and which type of elements form covalent bonds?
(Think about metals and non-metals.)

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________
3 Which of the following are symbols for atoms, and which are symbols for molecules?
Two have been done for you.

Na C N2 H2O Cl Cl2 N O CO2

Atoms Molecules

C N2

Cambridge Lower Secondary Science 9 – Mary Jones, Diane Fellowes-Freeman and Michael Smyth © Cambridge University Press 2021 15
 CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 9 UNIT 2: PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS

4 Draw a diagram to show the structure of an atom of lithium and an ion of lithium.
Give the symbols for the lithium atom and lithium ion.
The atomic number of lithium is 3 and the mass number is 7.

5 Draw a diagram to show the structure of an atom of nitrogen.

The atomic number of nitrogen is 7 the mass number is 14.

Cambridge Lower Secondary Science 9 – Mary Jones, Diane Fellowes-Freeman and Michael Smyth © Cambridge University Press 2021 16
 CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 9 UNIT 2: PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS

6 Draw a diagram to show the structure of an atom of hydrogen.

The atomic number of hydrogen is 1 and the mass number is 1

7 The compound ammonia has the formula NH3.

Complete the diagram to show the structure of a molecule of ammonia.

Cambridge Lower Secondary Science 9 – Mary Jones, Diane Fellowes-Freeman and Michael Smyth © Cambridge University Press 2021 17
 CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 9 UNIT 2: PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS

Name ___________________________________ Date _____________

Worksheet 2.3C
Ionic and covalent bonds
1 What is the difference between an ionic bond and a covalent bond?

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________
2 Which type of elements form ionic bonds and which type of elements form covalent bonds?

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________
3 Which of the following are symbols for atoms, and which are symbols for molecules?

Na C N2 H2O Cl Cl2 N O CO2

Atoms Molecules

Cambridge Lower Secondary Science 9 – Mary Jones, Diane Fellowes-Freeman and Michael Smyth © Cambridge University Press 2021 18
 CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 9 UNIT 2: PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS

4 Draw a diagram to show the structure of an atom of lithium and an ion of lithium.
Give the symbols for the lithium atom and lithium ion.

5 Draw a diagram to show the structure of an atom of nitrogen.

6 Draw a diagram to show the structure of an atom of hydrogen.

7 The compound ammonia has the formula NH3. Draw a diagram to show the structure
of a molecule of ammonia.

Cambridge Lower Secondary Science 9 – Mary Jones, Diane Fellowes-Freeman and Michael Smyth © Cambridge University Press 2021 19