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Math Peta

The document discusses algebraic expressions and provides examples and rules for evaluating algebraic expressions, polynomials, linear equations, linear inequalities, and properties related to them. It defines terms such as algebraic expressions, polynomials, linear equations, and linear inequalities and provides examples of evaluating and solving them.
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
23 views11 pages

Math Peta

The document discusses algebraic expressions and provides examples and rules for evaluating algebraic expressions, polynomials, linear equations, linear inequalities, and properties related to them. It defines terms such as algebraic expressions, polynomials, linear equations, and linear inequalities and provides examples of evaluating and solving them.
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as RTF, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EXHIBIT WHAT I LEARNED

INTRODUCTION:
An expressions or Algebraic Expression is any mathematical
statement which consists of numbers, variables and an arithmetic
operation between them.

Algebraic Expression
Is an expression which is made up of variables and constants
along with algebraic operations ( additional, subtraction, etc.)
expressions are made up of terms.

RULES
1. The distributive law states that (a+b)=a*b+b*(a+c) for a,b, c in Z. This
law is often used to simplify epressions.

2. The commutative law states that (x+y)=x*y* for all x,y in Z.

3. The associative law states that (a+b)+c=(a+b)*c for all a,b,c in Z.

ALGEBRAIC FORMULAS
(a+b)2=a2+2ab+b2 (a-b)3=a3-3a2b+3ab2-b3

(a-b)2=a2-2ab-b2 a3+b3=(a+b)(a2-ab+b2)

a2-b2=(a+b)(a-b) a3-b3=(a-b)(a2+ab+b2)
(a+b)3=a3+3a2b+3ab2+b3 (a+b+c)2=a2+b2+c2+2ab+2bc+2ca

Language of Algebraic
Is uses numbers and variables. It lets you describe patterns and
relatioships between quatities. A variable is a symbol that can be
replaced by any one of a set of numbers or other objects.

EXAMPLES OF ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSIONS WITH SOLUTIONS


1.) (4x-5)-2x 2.) 2(x+4)+3(x-5)-2y

=4x+(-5-2x) =2x+8+3x-15-2y

=4x+(-2x-5) =2x+3x-2y+8-15

=(4x-2x)-5 =5x-2y-7

=[(4-2)x]-5

= 2x-5

3.) 3(4x+5y)-2(3x-7y) 4.) 4(a+b)+2(a+2b)

=3(4x+15y)+(-2)(3x+[-7]y) =4a+4b+2a+4b

=12x+15y+(-6)x+14y =4a+2a+4b+4b

=12x+(-6)x+15y+14y =(4a+2a)+(4b+4b)

=(12+[-6])x+(15+14)y =(4+2)a+(4+4)b

=6x+29y =6a+8b

5.) (a+7)x(b-5)

=a(b-5+7(b-5)
=(axb)-(ax5)+(7+b)-(7x5)

=ab-5a+7b-35

Polynomials of Algebraic Expressions


Ias a mathematical expreesion that contains two or more algebraic
terms that are added, subtracted, or multiplied (no division allowes).
Polynomial expressions include at least one variable and typically
include constants and positive exponents as well.

3 TYPES OF A POLYNOMIAL
1.) Monomials

is an expression which contains only one term, the single term


should be a non-zero term; 5x, 3, 6a4, -3xy.

2.) Binomials

which contains exactly two terms, can be considered as a sum


or difference between two or more monomials; -5x+3, 6a4+17x, xy2+xy.

3.) Trinomials

which is composed of exactly three terms; -8a 4+2x+7,


4x2+9x+17.

Degree of a Polynomials is defined as a the highest exponent of a


monimial within a polynomial.

Terms of a polynomials are the parts of the expression that are


generally seperated by "+" or "-" signs so each part of a polynomial in a
expression is a term; ex. 2x2+5+4 the number of terms will be 3.
EXAMPLES OF POLYNOMIAL

1.) (2x-5)(x+3)-[(3x-4)(x+5) 2.) 64x3+125

=2x2+x-15-[3x2+11x-20 =(4x)3+(5)3

=2x2+x-15-3x2-11x+20 =(4x+5)(4x)2-(4x)(5)+(5)2

=-x2-10x+5 =(4x+5)(16x2-20x+25)

3.) (3x+2)(2x-1) 4.) (2x-1)(2x2+3x-4)

=3x(2x-1)+2(2x-1) =2x(2x2+3x-4)-1(2x2+3x-4)

=6x2-3x+4x-2 =4x3+6x2-8x-2x2-3x+4

=6x2+x-2 =4x3+4x2-11x+4

5.) (x+3)(x-4)

=x2-4x+3x-12

=x2-x-12

Evaluating the polynomial of Algebraic Expressions refers to


computation of the value of a polynomials when its indeterminates are
substituted for some values.

LINEAR EQUATION
is an equation in which the highest power of the variable is
always 1. It is also known as a one-degree equation. The standard form
of a linear equation is one variable is of the form Ax+B=O.

is an Algebraic equation where each term has an exponent of 1


and when this equation is graphed; it always results in a straight line.
There are linear equation in one variable and linear equations in two
variables.

RULES
1.) Must have the form Ax+By=C.

2.) A, B and C must be integers.

3.) A cannot be negative.

4.) A, B and C should have no common factors other than 1.

FORMULA OF LINEAR EQUATION


Slope -Intercept y=mx+b m is the slope

b is the y-intercept

Point-Slope y-y1=m(x-x1) m is the slope

(x1, y1) is a point on the line

Intercept Form x/a+y/b=1 a is the x-intercept

b is the y-intercept

Standard Form ax+by=c a is positive

Vertical x=a vertical line with a as the

x-intercept

Horizontal y=b horizontal line with b as the

y-intercept

EXAMPLES OF LINEAR EQUATION


1.) x+3=2x-18 2.) -8x+5=13
=-x -x =-8x+5=5+8

=3=x-18 =-8x/-8=8/8

=+18 +18 =x=1

=21=x

= x=21

3.) 2x+4y=8 4.) 2x+3y=12

2x+4y-2x=8-2x = -2x= -2x

4y=-2x+8 = 3y/3= -2x/3+12/3

4y/4=-2x+8/4 = y= -2x/3+4

y= -1/2x+2

5.) y=mx+b

= y=5/4x+1

= -5/4x-5/4x

-5/4x+y=1

= 4(-5/4x+y-1)

= 5x+4y= -4

PROPERTIES OF EQUALITY
1.) Addtional Property of Equality (APE)

if x=y, then x+z=y+z. Equals may be added on both sides of the


equation.
2.) Subtraction Property of Equality (SPE)

if x=y, the x-z=y-z. Equals may be subtracted from both sides of


the equation.

3.) Multiplication Property of Equality (MPE)

if x=yn then xz=yz, both sides of the equation may be


multiplied by equals.

4.) Division Property of Equality (SPE)

if x=y and z=o, thenx/z=y/z. Both sides of equation may be


divided by non-zero real number.

5.) Substitution Law

if x+y=z and x=y, then y+y=z or x+x=z. Equals may be


substituted for equals.

OTHER PROPERTY OF EQUALITY

1.) Reflixive Property

x=x, y=y, z=z. Any number or expression is equal to itself.

2.) Symmetric Property

if x=y then y=x. The expressions on both sides if an equation


may be interchanged.

3.) Transitive Property (TPE)

if x=y and y=z, then x=z. If two quantities are both equal to a
third quantity, then they are equal to each other.

EXAMPLES:
1.) x+2=5 2.) 2/3=x/4

= x-1/3=1/2 = 3x/3=8/3

= +1/3+1/3 = x5/3 or 2 2/3

= x=1/2+1/3

= x=3/6+2/6= 5/6

= x=5/6

3.) x-3=5 4.) x+2=7 5.) x+5=9

= x-3+3=5+3 = x+2-2=7-2 = x+5-5=9-5

= x=8 =x =5 =x =4

= x=5 = x=4

LINEAR INEQUALITIES
which involves a linear function. A linear inequality contains
one of the symbols of inequality; < less than > greater than < less than
or equal to. These values could be numerical or algebraic or a
combination of both.

RULES
1.) if a>b and b>c, then a>c.

2.) if a<b and b<c, then a<c.

3.) if a>b and b>c, then a>c.

4.) if a<b and b<c, then a<c.

FORMULA
1.) not equal =

2.) Less than (<)

3.) Greater than (>)

4.) Less than or equal to (<)

EXAMPLES OF LINEAR INEQUALITIES

1.) 2X+1<9 1-2x<9 2.) 3x+5< -16

= 2X<8 OR = -2x<8 = -5 -5

= X<4 = x<4 = -3x< -21

= -3x/-3> -21/3

= x>7

3.) 2x-5 <1 4.) 7x+9>10x-12 5.) 2x-3<8

= 2x-5+5<1+5 = 9>3x-12 = +3+3

= 2x<6 = 21>3x 2x/2<11/2

= 2x/2<6/2 = 7=x = x<11/2

= x<3

PROPERTIES OF INEQUALITY
1.) Trichotomy Property

for all real numbers a and b only one of the following is true .
a<b, a=b, or a>b.

2.) Transitive Property


for all real numbers a, b, and c. If a<b<c, then a<c. If c>b and
b>a, then c>a.

3.) Additional Property of Inequality (API)

for all numbers a, b and c. If a>b, then a+c>b+c. If a<b, then


a+c<b+c.

4.) Subtraction Property of Inequality (SPI)

for all numbers a, b, and c. If a>b, then a-c>b-c. If a<b, then a-


c<b-c.

5.) Multiplication and Division Properties of Inequality by Positive


Numbers

for all numbers a, b, and c with c positive. If a>b, then


a.c.>b.c and a/c> b/c.

6.) Multiplication and Division Properties of Inequality by Negative


Numbers

for all numbers a, b, and c with c negative. If a>b, then a.c<b.c


and a/c<b/c.

EXAMPLES:

1.) 5>3 2.) 2x<4 3.) x+4>5

= 5.2<3.2 = 2x/2<4/2 = -4 -4

= -10<-6 = x=2 = x>1

4.) -1+8x<7x+2 5.) -2(z+3)-5z<4(z-1)+9

= -1+8x-7<7x+2-7x = -2z-6-5z<4z-4+9
= -1+x+1<2+1 = -7z-6<4z+5

= x<3 ____-4z -4z

= -11z-6<5

_____+6 +6

= -11z/11<11/11

= z=1

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