VELLORE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY , VELLORE

Software Design
Specification

AI SHOPPING SYSTEM
Revision 1.0

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Table of Contents
Table of Contents .......................................................................................................................... ii
Revision History ........................................................................................................................... iii
Approved By ................................................................................................................................. iii
1. Introduction..............................................................................................................................1
1.1 Purpose .............................................................................................................................. 1
1.2 System Overview ............................................................................................................... 1
1.3 Design Map........................................................................................................................ 1
1.4 Definitions and Acronyms................................................................................................... 2
2. Design Considerations .............................................................................................................2
2.1 Assumptions ...................................................................................................................... 2
2.2 Constraints ......................................................................................................................... 2
2.3 System Environment ........................................................................................................... 3
2.4 Design Methodology........................................................................................................... 4
3. Architecture..............................................................................................................................5
3.1 Overview ........................................................................................................................... 5
3.2 Subsystem, Component, or Module 1 …N............................................................................ 6
3.3 Strategy 1…N .................................................................................................................... 7
4. Database Schema......................................................................................................................7
4.1 Tables, Fields and Relationships .......................................................................................... 7
4.1.1 Databases ....................................................................................................................... 8
5. Low Level Design ...................................................................................................................10
5 View / Model Element 1…N ............................................................................................. 10
6. User Interface Design.............................................................................................................17
6.1 Application Controls......................................................................................................... 17
6.2 Screen 1… N.................................................................................................................... 18
Appendix A: Project Timeline ....................................................................................................21

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Revision History
Version Name Reason For Changes Date
1.0 Sanjana Malhotra Initial Revision 8/3/2024
(22MIC0128)
Vaibhav Dutt
Trivedi
(22MIC0118)

Approved By
Approvals should be obtained for project manager, and all developers working on the project.

Name Signature Department Date

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1. Introduction

1.1 Purpose

The scope of this Software Design Specification (SDS) document encompasses the design and
implementation details of the AI Shopping System, as outlined in the Software Requirements Specification
(SRS). It provides a comprehensive overview of the system architecture, component design, user interface
design, security design, error handling, performance considerations, testing strategies, deployment plans, and
maintenance procedures. The SDS serves as a guide for developers and stakeholders involved in the
implementation and maintenance of the AI Shopping System.

1.2 System Overview

The primary objectives of this design are as follows:
-Enhance the functionality of the Binder Request process in the PCMS system by adding additional fields
and features to the binder request form
- Introduce new workflow sub-processes within the binder request process to streamline the workflow and
improve efficiency
- Develop a unique process report specifically tailored for the binder request process to provide
comprehensive insights into the status and progress of binder requests
- Ensure compatibility and integration with future enhancements such as the implementation of Metics and
Task Views reports, which will be part of the workflow reporting project but not included in this SDS

1.3 Design Map

The Design Map section provides a concise summary of the content and structure of this document,
highlighting major design artifacts and sections. It also explores the relationships between these artifacts and
other project artifacts. Here's an overview:
-INTRODUCTION: Overview of the document's purpose and scope, setting the stage for the design
considerations
-DESIGN OBJECTIVES: Outlines the primary goals and objectives guiding the design process for the AI
Shopping System
-ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN: Presents the high-level architecture of the system, illustrating its
components and interactions
-COMPONENT DESIGN: Details the design of individual system components, specifying their
functionalities and interface
-USER INTERFACE DESIGN: Describes the design of the user interface, including wireframes, mockups,
and usability considerations
-SECURITY DESIGN: Discusses the security measures and protocols implemented to safeguard the system
against threats
-ERROR HANDLING AND LOGGING: Addresses strategies for handling errors and exceptions, along with
logging mechanisms for monitoring system behavior Addresses strategies for handling errors and exceptions,
along with logging mechanisms for monitoring system behavior
-PERFORMANCE DESIGN: Covers performance considerations and optimization techniques to ensure the
system meets its performance requirements

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-TESTING DESIGN: Describes the testing approach, including test plans, test cases, and methodologies to
validate system functionality
-DEPLOYMENT DESIGN: Details the deployment strategy and environment setup for deploying the AI
Shopping System into production

1.4 Definitions and Acronyms

-SRS: A document that outlines the requirements and functionalities expected from the AI Shopping System
-SDS: This document detailing the design and architecture of the AI Shopping System, including its
components, interfaces, and functionalities
-GUI: The visual interface through which users interact with the AI Shopping System
-API: A set of rules and protocols that allow different software applications to communicate and interact with
each other
-UI: The means through which users interact with the AI Shopping System, including graphical elements,
navigation menus, and input forms
-ML: A subset of artificial intelligence that enables systems to learn from data and improve their
performance over time without being explicitly programmed
-NLP: A branch of AI that enables computers to understand, interpret, and generate human language,
facilitating features such as chatbots and voice recognition in the AI Shopping System

2. Design Considerations
All design considerations were handled in AI Shopping System.

2.1 Assumptions

The Assumptions section outlines the underlying assumptions made during the design and
development of the AI Shopping System. These assumptions serve as foundational principles guiding
various aspects of the project. Below are the key assumptions:
-USER AVAILABILITY
-DATA INTEGRITY
-SECURITY MEASURES
-SYSTEM COMPATIBILITY
-USER UNDERSTANDING
-PRODUCT AVAILABILITY
-LEGAL COMPLIANCE
-SCALABILITY

2.2 Constraints

Constraints refer to limitations or restrictions that may impact the design and development of the AI
Shopping System. Identifying constraints helps ensure that the design process considers and accommodates
these factors appropriately. Below are the constraints relevant to the system:

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-TECHNOLOGICAL CONSTRAINTS:
Compatibility
Technology Stack
Integration
-RESOURCE CONSTRAINTS:
Budget
Time
-REGULATORY AND COMPLIANCE CONSTRAINTS:
Legal Requirements
Compliance
-OPERATIONAL CONSTRAINTS:
Scalability
Performance
Accessibility
-ORGANIZATIONAL CONSTRAINTS
Stakeholder Requirements
Organization Policies

2.3 System Environment

The system environment encompasses the hardware, software, and infrastructure components necessary for
the operation of the AI Shopping System. Understanding the system environment is essential for designing
and deploying the system effectively. Here are the key components of the system environment:

HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS

- Server Infrastructure: The system will require servers to host the web application, databases, and other
backend services. The hardware specifications of these servers, including CPU, memory, storage, and
network resources, must meet the performance and scalability requirements of the system
- Client Devices: The system should support a variety of client devices, including desktop computers,
laptops, tablets, and smartphones. The hardware capabilities and specifications of these devices may impact
the design of the user interface and overall user experience

SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS

- Operating System: The servers hosting the AI Shopping System may run on operating systems such as
Linux, Windows Server, or macOS, depending on organizational preferences and compatibility requirements
- Web Server: A web server software, such as Apache HTTP Server, Nginx, or Microsoft Internet
Information Services (IIS), will be used to host and serve the web application to users
- Database Management System (DBMS): The system will utilize a relational database management system
(e.g., MySQL, PostgreSQL, or Microsoft SQL Server) to store and manage product information, user data,
and transaction records

NETWORKING INFRASTRUCTURE

- Internet Connectivity: The system will require reliable internet connectivity to enable users to access the
web application from various locations
- Domain Name System (DNS): Domain names will be registered and configured to point to the servers
hosting the AI Shopping System, allowing users to access the system using a human -readable domain name

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- Firewalls and Security Appliances: Network security appliances, including firewalls, intrusion
detection/prevention systems (IDS/IPS), and antivirus software, will be implemented to protect the system
from external threats and unauthorized access

DEVELOPING AND TESTING ENVIRONMENT

-Integrated Development Environment (IDE): Developers will use IDEs such as Visual Studio Code, IntelliJ
IDEA, or Eclipse for writing, debugging, and testing code
- Version Control System (VCS): A VCS like Git will be used for managing source code, enabling
collaborative development, and tracking changes across multiple developers
- Testing Tools: Testing frameworks and tools (e.g., Jest, Selenium, Postman) will be employed for unit
testing, integration testing, and end-to-end testing of the system

DEPLOYMENT ENVIRONMENT

- Deployment Platforms: The system will be deployed to cloud platforms such as Amazon Web Services
(AWS), Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform (GCP), or on-premises servers, depending on
organizational requirements and infrastructure preferences
- Containerization and Orchestration: Containerization technologies such as Docker and container
orchestration platforms like Kubernetes may be utilized for deploying and managing containerized
applications in a scalable and efficient manner

2.4 Design Methodology

The design methodology outlines the approach that will be utilized to create and evolve the designs for the
AI Shopping System. It encompasses processes, conventions, policies, techniques, and other guidelines that
will guide design work. Below is a summary of the design methodology for this system:

-AGILE DEVELOPMENT APPROACH:

The design process will adhere to agile principles, emphasizing flexibility, collaboration, and iterative
development. This approach enables rapid adaptation to changing requirements and continuous improvement
throughout the design lifecycle
-USER-CENTRIC DESIGN:
The design will prioritize user experience and satisfaction, with a focus on understanding user needs,
preferences, and behaviors. User feedback will be actively solicited and incorporated into the design process
to ensure usability and effectiveness
-ITERATIVE DESIGN PROCESS:
Designs will be developed iteratively, starting with low-fidelity prototypes and gradually refining them based
on feedback and testing results. This iterative approach allows for incremental improvements and validation
of design decisions at each stage
-MODULAR AND SCALABLE DESIGN:
The system will be designed with modularity and scalability in mind, allowing for easy integration of new
features and adaptation to evolving business requirements. Design decisions will prioritize flexibility and
extensibility to accommodate future growth and changes
-DOCUMENTATION AND COMMUNICATION:
Design artifacts, decisions, and rationale will be thoroughly documented and communicated to all
stakeholders. This documentation ensures clarity, transparency, and accountability throughout the design
process, facilitating collaboration and knowledge sharing
-QUALITY ASSURANCE AND TESTING:

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Design work will undergo rigorous quality assurance and testing procedures to identify and rectify any
defects or issues. Testing will be conducted at various stages of the design process to ensure compliance with
requirements and adherence to design standards

3. Architecture

3.1 Overview
The structural and functional decomposition of the AI shopping system has been meticulously designed to
ensure scalability, modularity, and maintainability while fulfilling the core objectives of providing an
intuitive and personalized shopping experience for users. The decomposition strategy revolves around
breaking down the system into cohesive components that encapsulate specific responsibilities and
functionalities, promoting easier development, testing, and maintenance. This section outlines the ration ale
behind the decomposition and highlights the major roles and responsibilities of the system components.

STRUCTURAL DECOMPOSITION

-User Interface Layer

-Business Logic Layer
-Data Access Layer

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FUNCTIONAL DECOMPOSITION

-Product Management
-User Profile Management
-Recommendation
-Shopping Cart and Checkout

RATIONALE

-Modularity
-Reusability
-Scalability
-Maintainability
-Easy Testing
-Flexibility
-Adaptability

3.2 Subsystem, Component, or Module 1 …N

1-DATA INGESTION MODULE:

- Responsible for collecting and preprocessing user data from various sources, including user profiles,
browsing history, and transaction logs
- Utilizes data pipelines and ETL (Extract, Transform, Load) processes to clean, transform, and aggregate
raw data into suitable formats for analysis

2-FEATURE EXTRACTION AND ENGINEERING:

- Extracts relevant features from the preprocessed data to represent user behavior and product attributes
- Performs feature engineering techniques such as normalization, scaling, and dimensionality reduction to
enhance model performance and interpretability

3-MACHINE LEARNING MODELS:

- Consists of various machine learning algorithms and models tailored for recommendation tasks, such as
collaborative filtering, content-based filtering, and hybrid approaches
- Models are trained using historical user interactions and product attributes to learn patterns and correlations
in the data

4-FEEDBACK LOOP AND MODEL UPDATING:

- Incorporates user feedback and interactions to continuously refine and improve the recommendation models
- Implements mechanisms for model updating and retraining based on new data and evolving user
preferences

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3.3 Strategy 1…N
ALTERNATIVES CONSIDERED

-Collaborative Filtering
-Content-Based Filtering
-Hybrid Approaches

DECISION AND RATIONALE

-Comprehensive Recommendations:
By combining collaborative filtering and content-based filtering, the system can leverage both user
interactions and product attributes to generate more diverse and accurate recommendations. This approach
ensures that users receive recommendations that align with their preferences, even for new or niche products
-Flexibility and Adaptability:
A hybrid recommendation system offers flexibility in adjusting the weighting or combination of different
recommendation techniques based on performance metrics and user feedback. This adaptability enables
continuous optimization and improvement of the recommendation engine over time
-Robustness:
By diversifying the recommendation strategy, the system becomes more robust to changes in user behavior,
data quality, and market dynamics. This mitigates the risk of over-reliance on a single technique and
enhances the overall reliability and effectiveness of the recommendation engine

4. Database Schema

4.1 Tables, Fields and Relationships

The database schema for the AI shopping system encompasses various tables, fields, and relationships to
efficiently store and manage data related to users, products, orders, and other relevant entities. Below is a
description of the new tables, fields, and relationships required for the system design:

USER TABLE

-Fields:
User Id (PK)
Username
Email
Password
Name
Address
Phone Number
-Relationships:
One-to-Many relationship with the Order table (One user can have multiple orders)

PRODUCT TABLE

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-Fields:
Product ID (PK)
Name
Description
Price
Category Id (FK referencing Category table)
Image URL
-Relationships:
Many-to-One relationship with the Category table (Many products belong to one category)
One-to-Many relationship with the OrderItem table (One product can be part of multiple
orders)

ORDER TABLE

-Fields:
Order ID (PK)
User ID (FK referencing User table)
Order Date
Total Amount
-Relationships:
Many-to-One relationship with the User table (Many orders belong to one user)
One-to-Many relationship with the OrderItem table (One order can have multiple order items)

CATEGORY TABLE

-Fields:
Category ID (PK)
Name
Description
-Relationships:
One-to-Many relationship with the Product table (One category can have multiple products)

ORDER ITEM TABLE

-Fields:
Order Item Id (PK)
Order Id (FK referencing Order table)
Product Id (FK referencing Product table)
Quantity
Unit Price
-Relationships:
Many-to-One relationship with the Order table (Many order items belong to one order)
Many-to-One relationship with the Product table (Many order items correspond to one product)

4.1.1 Databases

-PRODUCTION DATABASE: BP Data

This database is designated for production use, housing live data used by the AI shopping system in a real-
world environment

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It stores information such as user profiles, product catalogs, orders, and other relevant data required for the
system's operation
The BPData database is optimized for performance, reliability, and scalability to ensure smooth operation
and efficient handling of user interactions and transactions

-DEVELOPMENT AND TESTING DATABASE: BP Data PCMS Test

This database is specifically created for development and testing purposes, allowing developers to work on
the system's functionality without affecting live data
It mirrors the structure of the production database but contains synthetic or sample data for testing and
debugging purposes
Developers can use the BPDataPCMSTest database to simulate various scenarios, perform unit testing, and
validate system behavior in a controlled environment before deploying changes to the production database
The BPDataPCMSTest database facilitates the identification and resolution of issues and bugs before they
impact the live system, ensuring the stability and reliability of the AI shopping system

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5. Low Level Design

1. Use Case Diagram-

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2. Class Diagram-

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3. State Diagram-

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4. Activity Diagram-

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5. Sequence Model-

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6. Collaboration Model-

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7. Deployment Model-

Notations Used-

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6. User Interface Design
The user interface (UI) of the AI shopping system aims to provide an intuitive, seamless, and efficient
experience for users while navigating through the application. The design principles emphasize ease of use,
accessibility, and visual appeal to enhance user engagement. Below are the descriptions of the key aspects of
the user interface design:
-HOME SCREEN
Upon launching the application, users are greeted with a visually appealing home screen that showcases
featured products, promotions, and personalized recommendations based on user preferences and browsing
history. The layout is designed to be clean and organized, allowing users to quickly find relevant information
-NAVIGATION BAR
A prominent navigation bar is located at the top or bottom of the screen, providing easy access to essential
sections of the application such as Home, Categories, Search, Cart, and User Profile. The navigation bar
remains consistent across all screens for seamless navigation
-PRODUCT LISTINGS
When users browse through product categories or search for specific items, product listings are displayed in a
grid or list view. Each product card includes essential information such as product name, image, price,
ratings, and a brief description. Users can easily filter and sort products based on various criteria like price
range, brand, or popularity
-SHOPPING CART
The shopping cart functionality allows users to review and manage items they have added for purchase. It
displays a summary of all items in the cart, along with their quantities and total prices. Users can easily
adjust quantities, remove items, or proceed to checkout with a single tap
-CHECKOUT PROCESS
The checkout process is streamlined to minimize friction and simplify the purchase journey. Users are guided
through a series of steps, including shipping address input, payment method selection, and order review.
Clear progress indicators and prompts help users navigate through each step efficiently
-USER PROFILE
Users have access to a dedicated profile section where they can manage their account information, view
order history, track shipments, manage payment methods, and adjust notification preferences. Settings
options allow users to customize their experience according to their preferences
-FEEDBACK
The user interface includes options for users to provide feedback, report issues, or seek assistance from
customer support. This can be through in-app messaging, email, or integrated chat support

6.1 Application Controls

-MENUS
A navigation menu provides access to primary sections of the application, such as Home, Categories, Search,
Cart, and User Profile. This menu is typically located at the top or bottom of the screen for easy access
Contextual menus may appear when users perform specific actions, such as long-pressing on a product to
reveal options like Add to Cart, Add to Wishlist, or Share
-POPUP MENUS
Popup menus may appear in response to user actions, such as tapping on a product or long-pressing an item.
These menus offer additional options or actions relevant to the selected item
Popup menus are designed to be visually distinct and intuitive, ensuring ease of use and quick access to
relevant functions
-TOOLBARS
Toolbars contain frequently used actions or tools that users may need while interacting with the application.
Common toolbar icons include search, filter, sort, add to cart, and user profile
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Toolbars are typically located at the top or bottom of the screen, providing easy access to essential functions
without cluttering the interface
-TITLEBARS
Title bars provide contextual information about the current screen or activity, typically displaying the screen
title or section name. This helps users orient themselves within the application
-DRAG AND DROP MOUSE BEHAVIOUR
Drag and drop functionality allows users to interact with elements by clicking, dragging, and dropping them
to perform actions such as rearranging items or adding them to the shopping cart
Common drag and drop behaviors include:
Dragging products to the cart icon to add them to the shopping cart
Rearranging items in lists or grids by dragging them to new positions
Dragging and dropping to initiate actions such as sharing or moving items between categories

6.2 Screen 1… N

1-MAIN LANDING PAGE

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 2-SIGN UP PAGE

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 3-SHOPPING CART PAGE

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Appendix A: Project Timeline
-PHASE 1: PLANNING AND REQUIREMENT GATHERING
-PHASE 2: DESIGN AND PROTOTYPING
-PHASE 3: DEVELOPMENT
-PHASE 4: TESTING AND QUALITY ASSURANCE
-PHASE 5: DEPLOYMENT AND LAUNCH
-PHASE 6: MAINTAENANCE

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