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Prac 02 ANN

The document presents a program to implement a backpropagation neural network to solve the XOR problem using binary inputs and outputs. The network has 2 input neurons, 2 hidden neurons, and 1 output neuron. It runs the network through 10,000 epochs of training to adjust the weights and biases using backpropagation.

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Sarvesh Dharme
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10 views3 pages

Prac 02 ANN

The document presents a program to implement a backpropagation neural network to solve the XOR problem using binary inputs and outputs. The network has 2 input neurons, 2 hidden neurons, and 1 output neuron. It runs the network through 10,000 epochs of training to adjust the weights and biases using backpropagation.

Uploaded by

Sarvesh Dharme
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Assignment No.

: 02

Problem statement : Write a program to show back propagation network for XOR function with
binary input and output.

Code :
import numpy as np
def sigmoid (x):
return 1/(1+np.exp(-x))
def sigmoid_derivative(x):
return x * (1 - x)
inputs=np.array([[0,0],[0,1],[1,0],[1,1]])
expected_output=np.array([[0],[1],[1],[0]])
epochs = 10000
lr = 0.1
inputLayerNeurons, hiddenLayerNeurons, outputLayerNeurons = 2,2,1
hidden_weights = np.random.uniform(size=(inputLayerNeurons,hiddenLayerNeurons))
hidden_bias =np.random.uniform(size=(1,hiddenLayerNeurons))
output_weights = np.random.uniform(size=(hiddenLayerNeurons,outputLayerNeurons))
output_bias = np.random.uniform(size=(1,outputLayerNeurons))
print("Initial hidden weights: ",end='')
print(*hidden_weights)
print("Initial hidden biases: ",end='')
print(*hidden_bias)
print("Initial output weights: ",end='')
print(*output_weights)
print("Initial output biases: ",end='')
print(*output_bias)
for _ in range(epochs):
hidden_layer_activation=np.dot(inputs,hidden_weights)
hidden_layer_activation+=hidden_bias
hidden_layer_output=sigmoid(hidden_layer_activation)
output_layer_activation = np.dot(hidden_layer_output,output_weights)
output_layer_activation += output_bias
predicted_output = sigmoid(output_layer_activation)
error = expected_output - predicted_output
d_predicted_output = error * sigmoid_derivative(predicted_output)
error_hidden_layer = d_predicted_output.dot(output_weights.T)
d_hidden_layer = error_hidden_layer * sigmoid_derivative(hidden_layer_output)
output_weights += hidden_layer_output.T.dot(d_predicted_output) * lr
output_bias += np.sum(d_predicted_output,axis=0,keepdims=True) * lr
hidden_weights += inputs.T.dot(d_hidden_layer) * lr
hidden_bias += np.sum(d_hidden_layer,axis=0,keepdims=True) * lr
print("Final hidden weights: ",end='')
print(*hidden_weights)
print("Final hidden bias: ",end='')
print(*hidden_bias)
print("Final output weights: ",end='')
print(*output_weights)
print("Final output bias: ",end='')
print(*output_bias)

print("\nOutput from neural network after 10,000 epochs: ",end='')


print(*predicted_output)
Initial and Final Step :
Initial hidden weights: [0.31571098 0.26619232] [0.58857105 0.43421485]
Initial hidden biases: [0.90187987 0.37322037]
Initial output weights: [0.18711375] [0.61907452]
Initial output biases: [0.34937156]
Final hidden weights: [0.31557938 0.26532654] [0.5884045 0.4332745]
Final hidden bias: [0.9013447 0.37091509]
Final output weights: [0.17352057] [0.60746259]
Final output bias: [0.33190996]

Output from neural network after 10,000 epochs:


[0.70038063] [0.7171184] [0.71074702] [0.72541255]

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