DISASTER NURSING

MIDTERM

ACRONYMS & ABBREVIATIONS:

- As a disaster nurse practitioner , we need to understand the acronyms and abbreviations used
in the Disaster Risk Reduction Field.
- The importance of these are being reflected for your communication purposes with other
agencies during coordination and at operational level.
➢ ACDV- Accredited Community Disaster Volunteer
-respond, preparedness
- accredited
➢ BDRRMC- Barangay Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Committee
-kagawad, treasurer- more on planning
➢ BERT – Barangay Emergency Response Team
-response on large or small scale
➢ CAMPOLAS
C- otrimoxazole- cough
A- moxicillin- infection
M- efenamic Acid- pain
P- aracetamol- fever, analgesic, antipyretic
O- resol- DHN
L-agundi- cough
A- scorbic acid/ vit A
S- kin ointment
➢ CBDRRM- Community Based Disaster Risk Reduction and Management
-more on operational
➢ CDRA - Climate Disaster Risk Assessment
-(Tool use for reporting) (Tool for assessing climate)
➢ DANA - Damage and Needs Assessment
-(Assessment for damage of disaster) – hindi maexhaust ang resources
- (Ano ang needs area nga na damage)
-hindi ma exceed
- check ang needs
➢ DOH - Department of Health
➢ DRM - Disaster Risk Reduction Management
➢ EC/Evac - Evacuation Center
-functions on large scale/ disaster
➢ EMR/T - Emergency Medical Responder / Technician
-(First responder)
-police, bfp
➢ EOC - Emergency Operation Center
- (Set-up for large scale or incident. OCD)
- (Different organization combined together)
- set up for large scale of disaster
- combination of different agencies
-coordination and communiction
➢ EWS - Early Warning System
* megaphone
➢ HEMB - Health Emergency Management Bureau
- (Branch of DOH)
- For emergency training/ management
➢ IAP - Incident Action Plan
- (Plan)
- by timeline
➢ IMT - Incident Management Team
-Selected person of that incident
-well verse in long scenarios
➢ LCCAP - Local Climate Change Action Plan
-plan during frequent disaster
➢ LDRRMO - Local Disaster Risk Reduction Management Officer
(Position or an Officer in charge)
➢ M/C/PDRRMO - Municipal / City / Provincial Disaster Risk Reduction Management Office
(Provincial- Provide)
➢ MHO - Municipal Health Office
➢ NAMRIA - National Mapping and Resource Information Authority
(Incharge making CDRA-Just coordinate)
-vital role
-in charge of all
 ➢ NDPP - National Disaster Preparedness Plan
- nakaready na daan ang plan
➢ NDRP - National Disaster Response Plan
➢ OCD - Office of Civil Defense
(RDRRMC ppl of OCD)
➢ OpCen - Operation Center
-(Day-to-Day)
-functions everyday
➢ PDANA - Post-Disaster Assessment and Needs Analysis
-recover phase
➢ PDRA - Post-Disaster Risk Assessment
-recocery phase
➢ RDANA - Rapid Damage Assessment and Needs Analysis
(On going disaster)
-rapid, dasig, sige ubra report
-to know the resources
➢ SAR - Search and Rescue
(Branch in response) (Specification) (Well-trained)
➢ SRR - Search, Rescue & Retrieval
(Cluster or group)
➢ MDM - Management of the Dead
➢ PRC ERU - Philippine Red Cross - Emergency Response Unit
-(Cluster of REDCROSS)
➢ ICER - Iloilo City Emergency Responders
➢ EMS - Emergency Medical Services
-(Medical field)
-1 branch - responder
➢ Fed/FedFire - Federation Iloilo Fire Brigade Inc.

GENERAL PREPAREDNESS PLAN

• Before an Emergency, Home and Family, Prepare your Home and those who depend on you by:
- Creating Go Bags
-Creating Evacuation Plans
 -Shelter in place plans
-Communication Plans
• Include special considerations for elder, child and pet care.
PREPAREDNESS IN SCENARIOS
1.FIRE
• Get your home checked by Fire related persons
• Have Fired Extinguisher ready incase
• Close all Doors and Windowa in the room you stayed
• turn off main power source
• crawl beneath smoke to escape
• activate fire authorities for suppression
2. EARTHQUAKE
• If you are inside, move away from windows and remain there till shaking stops
• if outside, stay away from electricity wires, trees and tall buildings
• if someone is injured on an unstable area, assess the situation if it is vital to do so
• avoid damaged buildings and leave if unsafe
• be aware of any news of quakes that had happened recently near your area.
3. FLOOD
• Check weather forecasts and make sure when raining will be possible
• Consider moving to higher ground if imminent
• Know the evacuation center and coordinate with BDRRMC
• Alert authorities for possible rescue
CONTACTS:
➢ BFP- 337-3011/337-4989
➢ CDRRMO- 335-1154
➢ PHILIPPINE COAST GUARD- 09669816557
➢ FEDERATION OF FIRE- 337 9760/ 09950988733
HOW TO MAKE A PREPAREDNESS PLAN
 Be familiar with natural disaster risks in your community
 Consider how you will respond to emergencies that can happen anywhere such as home fires
and floods
 Think about emergencies that may require your family to shelter in place ( such as super
typhoon)
  Consult your BDRRMC and DRRMO for tips on preparing for responding to and recovering
from specific disaster
PLAN WHAT TO DO IN CASE YOU ARE SEPARATED DURING AN EMERGENCY
➢ Choose two places to meet you
-Right outside your home in case of a sudden emergency, such as a fire
-Outside your neighborhood, in case you cannot return home or are asked to evacuate
Everyone should carry emergency contact information in writing and saved on their cellphones.
Provide a contact card for all

PERSONAL HOME DISASTER SURVIVAL

➔ REMEMBER – RULE OF 3’S
You can survive for 3 minutes without oxygen or in icy water
You can survive 3 hours without shelter in harsh environment
You can survive 3 days without water
You can survive 3 weeks without food
RULE OF 3’S
• The main point if the rule of three is that we have to focus on the most immediate problem first.
• If the weather is warm, you will need to focus on finding water, as your priority, food and
shelter building can wait.
• There is no need to think about food or water if you are cold and wet as hypothermia presents
greatest threat to your survival.
• Make no mistake, if you are shievering and can’t get dry and warm, you may not able to
function after three hours.
• If you are alone, you may have only about three hours to live.

ASSEMBLING AND EMERGENCY KIT

• In the event of an emergency that requires you to evacuate, everyone in your household should
have a Go Bag should be sturdy and easy to carry backpack or duffle bag containing things you
would want to have with you if you have to leave in a hurry.
• It is recommended in assembling a kit basic supplies to last three days (72 hours), in the event
of disaster. The kit should be checked at least twice per year to ensure that components have
not expired. Identify an easily accessible storage location for the kit, and ensure that all family
members are aware of this location.
CONTENTS:
✔ Water- 1 galloon per day, per person. This provides for both drinking and sanitary uses.
✔ Food- non-perishable items, ready to eat canned foods and manual can opener or MRE
✔ Handled AM/FM radio with appropriate spare batteries
✔ Cellular phone
✔ Power banks, chargers for portable electronic devices- phone, laptop, tablet, etc
✔ flashlight and appropriate spare batteries
✔ first aid kit
✔ whistle or bell
✔ dust mask – reduce inhalation of dust and other debris
✔ plastic sheeting ad duct tape to seat windows, doors, and other openings, if advised to do so
✔ pre-moistened wipes, plastic garbage bags and zip ties for toilleting
✔ wrench and/or pliers to shut off utilities
✔ key documents including insurance documents, contact lists, identification, etc in a portable,
waterproof container
✔ personal medical/ assistive equipment, as appropriate
✔ prescription medications, including a list of the medications you take, why you take them, and
the dosages
✔ spare home/ vehicle keys
✔ cash- small bills- change for telephones, etc.
✔ Sleeping bag/blankets
✔ changes of clothes for each family members
-long sleeved shirt
-long pants
-sturdy shoes
✔ hygiene kits
✔ matches in weather-proof container
✔ paper plates, cups, eating utensils, paper towels
LEARNING PREPAREDNESS SKILLS
 Knowledge of outdoor survival techniques can improve your chances of making it through a life
or death situation. Examples include knowing how to make shelter, forage for edible plants, find
water and build a fire
  Practice hard skills under circumstances that reflect the challenges you might face in the field.
Mental conditioning, a positive attitude and creative problem solving skills also make an
impact. Consistent practice and improvement will boost your confidence so that you can
remain resilient in the face of adversity

FEW ESSENTIAL PREPAREDNESS SURVIVAL TIPS

1. Build a fire
-use dry leaves, pine needles or small pieces of wood to start a fire that can enable you to cook a
meal, stay warm or ward off animals from your shelter site. Use waterproof matches or a fire
starter to spark tinder and kindling.
2. Craft a short term survival shelter
-depending on the climate, weather , terrain, and available resources
3. Find a clean water source.
-a human can survive only about three days without water, so finding and collecting drinking
water should be one of your priorities
4. Locate a food source
-gather surplus supplies, forage for edible vegetables use natural materials to build snares for
chicken or craft fishing tools to catch fish
5. Practice excellent hygiene
-bacteria, parasites and pathogens can enter the body through food and open wounds
6. Stay calm and assess the situation
-the most important survival tool you have at your disposal is your mind
7. Test your bush craft skills
-you should run a preparedness drill to test your skills in realistic scenarios. Knowledge is
essential but practice can help you determine your strengths and weaknesses
8. Use everything at your disposal
- a survivor must pack light and move quickly, making it necessary to collect water and food
while on the go and carry multipurpose items worth their weight in utility
ADDITIONAL TIPS:
1. For shelter, find one before building one
2. foraging – best solution here in our country, learn how to gather rain water and sterilize, learn
edible wild foods
3. SOS -Signals are whistle signals, some might differ from other
 4. Navigation without compass, you may use, sun rises in the east and sets in the west and stars
for navigation.

5 W’S OF SHELTER BUILDING

1. WOOD
-sturdy shelter, fire building, improvised tools
2. WATER
-take note of the wind, and extreme heat, shelters may vary from weather its always a plus if
you can naturally forecast the weather
3. WIDOWMAKERS
-term coined for things that can fall on you and kill you
4. WILDLIFE
-identify the wildlife around, some might help you survive, some might kill you

ADDITIONAL TIPS: FORAGING ULASIMAN

-Ulasiman- it is edible and can be used in survival situations. It has a lot of nutrients and is medicinal
in nature