PowerPoint Presentation by:

Krizzle Shey C. De Guzman

• In geometry, a polygon can be defined as a
flat or plane, two-dimensional closed shape
bounded with straight sides.
• It does not have curved sides.
• The sides of a polygon are also called its
edges.
• The points where two sides meet are the
vertices (or corners) of a polygon.
• Polygons are named on the basis of the
number of sided it has.

• Polygons are generally denoted by

n-gon where n represents the number of
sides it has.

For example, a 10 sided polygon is

named as 10-gon.
 Polygons are classified into various types
based on the number of sides and measures of
the angles. They are:

* Regular Polygons * Quadrilateral Polygons

* Irregular Polygons * Pentagon Polygons
* Concave Polygons * Hexagon Polygons
* Convex Polygons * Equilateral Polygons
* Trigons * Equiangular Polygons
Regular Polygons – Polygons that have
equal sides and angles are regular
polygons.

For example, and equilateral triangle is

a three-sided regular polygon.
Irregular Polygons – Polygons with unequal
sides and angles are irregular polygons.
Convex Polygons – A polygon with all
interior angles less than 180°.
Concave Polygons – A polygon with at least
one angle measuring more than 180
degrees.
Concave Polygons – A polygon with at least
one angle measuring more than 180
degrees.
Trigons – Polygons that have three sides.
These trigons or triangles are classified into
different categories, such as:

• Scalene Triangle: All sides are unequal

• Isosceles Triangle: Two sides are equal
• Equilateral Triangle: All three sides are
equal.
Quadrilateral Polygon – Also called a four-
sided polygon or a quadrangle. The different
types are:
• Square
• Rectangle
• Rhombus
• Parallelogram
• Trapezoid
Pentagon Polygon – Five – sided polygon,
and when all five sides are equal in length, it
is called a regular pentagon otherwise
irregular pentagon.
Hexagon – Another type of polygon that has
6 sides and 6 vertices.
The polygons whose all the sides are equal.
The polygons whose all the interior angles
are equal.
 [ 𝒏 − 𝟐 𝟏𝟖𝟎°]
tri- 3 Triangle (a.k.a. Trigon) 180°
Quadrilateral (a.k.a.
quadri- 4 360°
Tetragon)
penta- 5 Pentagon 540°
hexa- 6 Hexagon 720°
hepta- 7 Heptagon 900°
octa- 8 Octagon 1080°
nona- 9 Nonagon 1260°
 [ 𝒏 − 𝟐 𝟏𝟖𝟎°]
deca- 10 Decagon 1440°
hendeca- 11 Hendecagon 1620°
dodeca- 12 Dodecagon 1800°
Tridecagon (a.k.a.
trideca- 13 1980°
triskaidecagon)
Tetradecagon (a.k.a.
tetradeca- 14 2160°
tetrakaidecagon)
pentadeca- 15 Pentadecagon 2340°
 [ 𝒏 − 𝟐 𝟏𝟖𝟎°]
hexdeca- 16 Hexdecagon 2520°
heptadeca- 17 Heptadecagon 2700°
octadeca- 18 Octadecagon 2880°
enneadeca- 19 Enneadecagon 3060°
icosa- 20 Icodagon 3240°
n- n N-gon (n-2)180°
 Pythagorean Theorem
𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 = 𝑐 2 Let’s Substitute!
c 92 + 132 = 𝑐 2
a=9
81 + 169 = 𝑐 2
2
250 = 𝑐
250 = 𝑐 2
b = 13 15.8 = 𝑐
C = 15.8
 Equation
𝐴 = 𝐿 × 𝑊
W = 5ft A = 40ft²
Let’s Substitute!
L 40 = 𝐿 × 5
40 𝐿 × 5
To Check: =
40 = 8 × 5 5 5
8=𝐿
40 = 40
 Equation
Let’s Substitute!
𝑃 = 2𝐿 + 2 𝑊 or
26 = 2𝐿 + 2 5
𝑃 =𝐿+𝐿+𝑊+ 𝑊
26 = 2𝐿 + 10
26 − 10 = 2𝐿
W = 5ft P = 26ft 16 2𝐿
=
2 2
8=𝐿
L
 a Calculate:
C
D
AB=? , DC=?
85
Area = 6000 75

A B

b
 a Calculate:
C
D
AB=? , DC=?
85 Draw a
75
perpendicular from
B
point D such that
A
∆𝐴𝐸𝐷 is a right
b triangle
 a Calculate:
C
D
AB=? , DC=?
85 75 Draw a
75
a perpendicular from
b-a
B
point D such that
A
∆𝐴𝐸𝐷 is a right
b triangle
 a Calculate:
C
D
AB=? , DC=?
85 75 Use Pythagorean Theorem
c b 75
a 𝑎2 + 𝑏2 = 𝑐 2
b-a
B
(𝑏 − 𝑎)2 +752 = 852
A
40 (𝑏 − 𝑎)2 = 852 − 752
b
(𝑏 − 𝑎)2 = 7225 − 5625
(𝑏 − 𝑎)2 = 1600
𝑏 − 𝑎 = 40
 a Calculate:
C
D
AB=? , DC=?
85 75 Use Pythagorean Theorem
75
𝑎2 + 𝑏2 = 𝑐 2
B
(𝑏 − 𝑎)2 +752 = 852
A
40 (𝑏 − 𝑎)2 = 852 − 752
b
(𝑏 − 𝑎)2 = 7225 − 5625
(𝑏 − 𝑎)2 = 1600
𝑏 − 𝑎 = 40
 a Calculate:
C
D
AB=? , DC=?
85 75 Use Pythagorean Theorem
75
𝑎2 + 𝑏2 = 𝑐 2
B
(𝑏 − 𝑎)2 +752 = 852
A
40 (𝑏 − 𝑎)2 = 852 − 752
b
(𝑏 − 𝑎)2 = 7225 − 5625
𝑏 − 𝑎 = 40 (𝑏 − 𝑎)2 = 1600
𝒃 = 𝒂 + 𝟒𝟎 𝑏 − 𝑎 = 40
 a Calculate:
C
D
AB=? , DC=?
85 Use Pythagorean Theorem
75
𝑎2 + 𝑏2 = 𝑐 2
B
(𝑏 − 𝑎)2 +752 = 852
A
40 (𝑏 − 𝑎)2 = 852 − 752
a+40
(𝑏 − 𝑎)2 = 7225 − 5625
𝑏 − 𝑎 = 40 (𝑏 − 𝑎)2 = 1600
𝑏 = 𝑎 + 40 𝑏 − 𝑎 = 40
 Area of Trapezoid
b = a + 40 a ℎ(𝑎 + 𝑏)
D C
2
85 75(𝑎 + 𝑎 + 40)
h
Area = 6000 75
6000 =
2
75
A
b B
6000 =
2
2𝑎 + 40
2 2 75
a+40 × 6000 = × 2𝑎 + 40
75 75 2
160 = 2𝑎 + 40
Calculate: 160 − 40 = 2𝑎
AB=? , DC=?
b = a + 40 a
D C 160 − 40 = 2𝑎
120 = 2𝑎
85
h
Area = 6000 75
120 2𝑎
=
2 2
b 60 = 𝑎
A B

a+40 𝑏 = 𝑎 + 40
𝑏 = 60 + 40
Calculate: 𝑏 = 100
AB=? , DC=?
 60
D C Thus, our answer:
AB = 100
85 CD = 60
Area = 6000 75

A B

100
Calculate:
AB=? , DC=?
 Total Interior Angle Sum of
a Triangle is 180°
x
180° = 90° + 31° + x
180° = 121° + x
90° 180° - 121° = x
31° 59° = x

Therefore, the value of the angle is 59°.

 Total Interior Angle Sum of
x a Quadrilateral is 360°
100°
360° = 100° + 95° + 60° + x
360° = 255° + x
60°
360° - 255° = x
95°
105° = x

Therefore, the value of the angle is 105°.

 Since the total interior
5x + 10 angle of a trapezoid is 360°
and the two angles are
both 90°, we’re going to
focus on the total angle of
the other two angle which
3x + 10
sum up to 180°
 Equation
5x + 10 m∠1 + m∠2 =180°
5x + 10 + 3x + 10 = 180°
8x + 20 = 180°
8x = 180 – 20
8x = 160
3x + 10 8x 160
=
8 8
x = 20
 m∠1 = 5(20) + 10
5x + 10 m∠1 = 110°

m∠2 = 3(20) + 10
m∠2 = 70°
3x + 10
 Perimeter measures the total length around
the outside of a shape.

To find the perimeter, you add together the

lengths of all the sides.
P=a+b+c
a c

b
P=a+b+c
P = 6cm + 9cm + 13cm
P = 28cm 6cm 13cm

9cm
P = a + b + c + d or A b
P = AB + BC + CD + DA B
a
c

D
d C
P=a+b+c+d 7cm
P = 6cm + 6cm + 5cm + 7cm
P = 24cm
6cm
5cm

6cm
 Types of Polygon. (n.d.). Types of Polygon. Byjus. Retrieved from
https://byjus.com/maths/types-of-polygon/
PreMath. (2022). Calculate the unknown side lengths of Trapezoid.
Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=22d9wwVGM8I
MathsMasterOrg. (2011). Angles in a quadrilateral. Retrieved from
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6ApegKO75d0
VividMath. (2012). Right Angled Triangle: Find Angles – Trigonometry.
Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vivaZ6TjXfI
Ziegler, E. (2020). Solving Angles in Trapezoids. Retrieved from
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MLjxFTneIWo
Khan Academy. (n.d.). Perimeter: Introduction. Retrieved from
https://www.khanacademy.org/math/cc-third-grade-math/3rd-perimeter/imp-
perimeter/v/introduction-to-
perimeter#:~:text=Perimeter%20is%20a%20math%20concept,lengths%20of%20all
%20the%20sides.