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Factors That Affect The Education System in Pakistan

Pakistan has an underdeveloped education system with only 58% literacy. Factors like gender discrimination, religious extremism, rural education challenges, economic conditions, political issues, and weak administrative structure have hindered growth of Pakistan's education system. Addressing these challenges through awareness, technology, and improved rural access could greatly improve the system.

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42 views2 pages

Factors That Affect The Education System in Pakistan

Pakistan has an underdeveloped education system with only 58% literacy. Factors like gender discrimination, religious extremism, rural education challenges, economic conditions, political issues, and weak administrative structure have hindered growth of Pakistan's education system. Addressing these challenges through awareness, technology, and improved rural access could greatly improve the system.

Uploaded by

Habib APS
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Factors that Affect the Education System in Pakistan

Pakistan is a developing country with an underdeveloped education system. With only 58% of
literacy (according to the 2017-18 census), it is true that Pakistan has one of the world’s
smallest populations of literate people.

Education systems are what defines the socioeconomic development of a country. Pakistan’s
growth in its education department has been hindered by a multitude of factors.

Social (Racial, Religious)

Pakistan is a country that has and is influenced by many cultures. With the influence of religious
extremism, factors like gender discrimination strongly affect the education system. There is also
racial discrimination, which deters minorities from schools and institutes.

a) Gender Discrimination
Women’s education in Pakistan has been a ceaseless struggle since Pakistan’s
independence. The literacy rate of females in Pakistan is only 48 percent and compared to
the 70 percent of the literate male population, the gender bias in the education system of
Pakistan can be seen clearly.
b) Racial Discrimination
There is a lot of racial discrimination in Pakistan, especially due to political influences, and
it becomes a real danger in higher education institutes.
c) Religious Influences
Religious extremism is a prominent problem in Pakistan. And it’s because of this
extremism, also influenced by political parties, the education system in Pakistan is affected
negatively.

Physical (Rural Education)

78% of the Pakistani population is rural, according to the World Bank collection of development
indicators in 2016. There are many physical factors that affect the education system of Pakistan,
and the problem of rural education is the one that stands out the most. Most of the Pakistani
population lives in villages, and schools in these areas are few and far in between. The pressing
problem of ghost schools, transportation to and from these institutes, and the expenses of
staffing these schools lead to the lack of education in the rural areas of Pakistan.

Economic

The economic condition of a country affects its education system, and Pakistan is no exception.
The families with a lower socioeconomic status cannot afford to send their children to
educational institutes, often preferring to send them to work instead.
Political

The political condition in Pakistan has always been a source of national panic, and it also affects
the education system. Its influence over the masses has led to racial discrimination, religious
extremism, and other problems. The language issue and other regional disagreements have
forced their way into the Pakistani education system and hindered its growth.

Administrative

The low priority accorded to the administrative structure is the most glaring administrative
factor that affects the education system of Pakistan. The problems with the compulsory primary
education are basically a fault on the part of the Pakistani government. The dependence of the
education system of Pakistan on the private sector is a glaring proof that the government’s lack
of priority for educational development has strongly affected Pakistani education.

Aside from these factors affecting the education system of Pakistan, there are gaps that can be
filled and the international standards can be met with the incorporation of modern educational
technology and strategies. If the government takes steps to create awareness of the
opportunities that online education offers, and if the administrative structure improves for the
rural population, a great change can be made in Pakistan’s education system.

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