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Summary Educ

The document discusses several educational philosophies and theories including essentialism, progressivism, existentialism, and constructivism. It also covers the philosophical foundations of education such as idealism, pragmatism, and essentialism. Major educational theorists discussed include Piaget, Vygotsky, Bruner, Freud, and Gardner.

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Jerwin Contreras
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17 views3 pages

Summary Educ

The document discusses several educational philosophies and theories including essentialism, progressivism, existentialism, and constructivism. It also covers the philosophical foundations of education such as idealism, pragmatism, and essentialism. Major educational theorists discussed include Piaget, Vygotsky, Bruner, Freud, and Gardner.

Uploaded by

Jerwin Contreras
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Name: BENDAÑA, MA. CARMELA M.

BSED 2D-MATHEMATICS
EDUC 8: The Teacher
Organizational and the Community School Culture and
Leadership

SUMMARY CONCEPTS

TOPIC: PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION


Philosophy – love of wisdom
Philo – Love
Sophos – Wisdom
Philosophies of Education
▪ESSENTIALISM
▪PERENNIALISM
▪PROGRESSIVISM
▪EXISTENTIALISM
▪BEHAVIORISM
▪CONSTRUCTIVISM
▪RECONSTRUCTIONISM
ESSENTIALISM
- Training the mind with what are essential.
- Basic skills or fundamental R’s such as reading, writing, arithmetic and right conduct.
Why: To instill students with the “essentials” academic knowledge, enacting a back-to-basic
approach.
How: Emphasis
academic year. on mastery of subject matter. Observance of core requirements and longer
PERENNIALISM
- Teaching ideas that are everlasting.
- Lessons are lifted from classic and great books.
Why: To teach students to think rationally and develop minds that can think critically.
How: Classrooms are teacher-centered. Students engaged in Socratic dialogue.
PROGRESSIVISM
- Education comes the experience.
-experience.
Curriculum that responds to students’ needs and that relates to their personal lives and

Why: To develop learners into becoming enlightened and intelligent citizens.


How: Teachers employ experiential methods. They believe that one learns by doing.
EXISTENTIALISM
- Focuses on individual’s freedom to choose their own purpose in life.
-emphasis.
Students are given a wide variety of options from which to choose. Humanities are given

Why: To help students understand and appreciate themselves as unique individuals.


How: Methods focus on the individual. Learning is self-paced and self-directed.
BEHAVIORISM
- The acquisition of new behavior based oon environmental conditions.
- Teachers teach students to respond favorably to various stimuli in the environment.
Why: To modify and shape students’ behavior.
How: Teachers arrange environmental conditions. They provide reinforcement and
punishment.
CONSTRUCTIVISM
- People construct their own understanding and knowledge of the world.
- Students are taught how to learn.
Why:
skills. To develop intrinsically motivated and independent learners equipped with learning
How: Teacher
predict, providepose
manipulate, students with data or experiences that allow them hypothesize,

questions, research and invent.


RECONSTRUCTIONISM
- Emphasizes the addressing of social questions and a quest to create a better society.
- Curriculum focuses on student taking social action in solving real problems.
Why: To attain social reform.
How: Inquiry, dialogue, and multiple perspectives. Community-based learning is utilized.
CONSERVATISM
-for
Refers
entrytointo
thean
belief that the original intended purpose of education was to prepare learners

established culture, with its traditional values and social pathways.


LIBERALISM
- Multidisciplinary, allowing learners some freedom to choose their path while allowing
them the opportunity
to develop knowledge
- Well-rounded in a wide range subject.
education
TOPIC: PHILOSOPHICAL FOUNDATIONS OF EDUCATION
IDEALISM
- Adheres to the view that nothing exists except in the mind of man, the mind of God or in a
super or supra-
natural
- Idealistrealm.
believe that ideas and knowledge are enduring and can change lives.
PRAGMATISM/ EXPERIMENTALISM
- Believe that the curriculum should reflect the society, emphasizing the needs and interests
of the children.
PERENNIALISM
- Knowledge that has endured through time and space should constitute the foundation of
education.
- believe that when students are immersed in the study of profound and enduring ideas,
they will appreciate
learning for its own sake
ESSENTIALISM
- teaching the basic/essential knowledge and skills.
EXISTENTIALISM
- man shapes his being as he lives.
- Knowledge is subjective to the person’s decision and varies from one person to another.
SOCIAL RECONSTRUCTIONISM
- Emphasizes the addressing of social questions and a quest to create a better society.
- Systems must be changed to overcome oppression and improve human conditions.
- Curriculum focuses on students’ experiences.
HINDUISM
- Emphasizes a commitment to an ideal way of life characterized by honesty, courage,
service, faith, self-
control, purity and non-violence which can be achieved through YOGA.
BUDDHISM
- Believes in the FOUR NOBLE TRUTHS.
- the truth of suffering, the truth of the cause of suffering, the truth of the end of suffering,
and the truth
of the pathinthat
- Believes the leads
LAW OFto the end of suffering.
KARMA
CONFUCIANISM
- Teaches moral life a life through devotion to the family, loyalty to the elders, love of
learning, brotherhood,
civil service and universal love and justice.
- FIVE CARDINAL VIRTUES (Benevolence, Righteousness, Prosperity, Wisdom, and Sincerity.
TAOISM
-inaharmony
philosophy advocating simplicity, frugality and the joys of being close to nature and being
with
the
- WUwhole universe.
WEI (let things come naturally)
ZEN BUDDHISM (Japanese Version)
- Believes in the THIRD EYE
- Encourages meditation (mind-awakening)
-one’s
Teaches
ownthat
mindthe entire universe is one’s mind and if one cannot realize enlightenment in
now,
one cannot ever achieve enlightenment.
ISLAM
- has five pillars: belief in Allah, Prayer (5x a day), fasting, almsgiving, and pilgrimage)
TOPIC: EDUCATIONAL THEORIES
Purpose:
guide theWith the help
to success by of educational theories, teachers can connect with students and
managing them according to their personalities.
JEAN
- ChildPIAGET (1896-1980)
Development
- stated that intelligence wasn’t a fixed trait and it varied for every human.
- 3 Basic Components:
▪SCHEMAS – the blocks of knowledge.
▪Adaptation Processes
▪Stages of Cognitive Development
LEV VYGOTSKY (1896-1934)
- Social Development
- Socialization is absolutely necessary for learning.
JEROME BRUNER (1916-2016)
- Human Cognitive Psychology
- Cognitive Learning Theory
SIGMUND
- Father of FREUD (1856-1939)
Psychoanalysis
- Mental illness, subconscious structure and motivation.
HOWARD GARDNER (1943-present)
- Theory of Multiple Intelligences
- 7 Primary Forms of Intelligence:
▪Linguistic
▪Musical
▪Logical-Mathematical
▪Spatial
▪Body-Kinesthetic
▪Intrapersonal
▪Interpersonal
JOHN DEWEY
- Theory (1859-1952)
of Education and Learning
- Progressive Education
- His theory was centered on the idea that people learn things by doing.

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