Document No.

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1. BASIS

Storage Tank 61-T-001A/B

Service Crude
Type of Tank EFR
Capacity, m3 16000
Diameter x Height, m 38 x 14.4
Design Pressure, mmWC ATM + 13.2 M LIQUID HEAD
Design Temperature, deg C 65
Steam Coil YES
Insulation Present NO
Blanketing NO
Vent NO
Breather Valve NO
Emergency Vent YES - 24"
Flame Arrestor NO

Calculations - Liquid Movement

Include Nozzle size/adequacy for

2. Reference Documents updated breathing rate

Document No. Description Rev

Venting Atmospheric and Low-pressure
API 2000 7th Ed
Storage Tanks
DM-8000-61-005A- P&ID Crude Feed Storage Tank 61-T-001A P&ID 2S
DM-8000-61-005B- P&ID Crude Feed Storage Tank 61-T-001B P&ID 2J
ESSAR2097A1M20301_05-
Is this referred? GA and Tank Data for Crude Feed Tank 5
GAD

ESSAR2097A1M20303_02- Details of Deck Appurtenances For Crude

2
Roof appartus Tank
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Share the reference?

3. ASSUMPTIONS

1. Viscosity for Crude is considered as 65 cP.

2. Rim seal capacity is assumed based on vendor catalog.
3. Bleeder vent discharge coefficient is asssumed 0.6 based Perry's Handbook.
4. Bleeder vent live load on roof is assumed to be 5 lbs/ft2.
5. Bleeder vent other external load on roof is assumed to be 0 kg/m2.

Correct to roof live load

4. CHECKLIST

Sr. No. Check Status Remarks

1 Document Review Yes
2 Assumptions Listing Yes
3 Sketch Yes
4 Scenario Analysis Yes
Operating and Set pressure External Floating Roof
N.A.
5 check Tank

6 Venting Rate Check Yes

7 Coil Rupture Check No Not listed in Sec 6.2
8 EFR Seal Rate Check Yes Not listed in Sec 6.3
9 Other Observations Yes
10 Adequacy Conclusion Yes
Share Sec 6.2 & 6.3
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5. RESULTS

Sr. No. Result Values Remarks

1 Operating and Set pressure check N.A. Floating Roof Tank
Out-breathing Rates, Nm3/hr air
2 Thermal 243.1 For bleeder from LSLL
3 Liquid Movement 2616.6
4 Coil Rupture - Refer attachment-7
5 Blanketing Valve Failure -
6 Gas Blow-by -
7 Total out-breathing rate 2859.7
In-breathing rates, Nm3/hr air
8 Thermal 1131.0 For bleeder from LSLL
9 Liquid Movement 2102.00
10 Total in-breathing rate 3233.0
Where is attachment 7 ?
Vent Size / Breather Vent Area
11 Bleeder Vent 3 nos x 2"
12 Rim seal vent 3 nos x 6"
Existing Vent / Breather Valve Adequacy Correct to 10"x2"
13 Bleeder Vent YES

14 Rim seal vent YES

6. CONCLUSION

1. Floating roof tank auto-bleeder vent size waswhat

Clarify checked from standing position. Existing bleeder vent
number and size is adequate for new pumping rates.
mechanical need to
2. Increased roof velocity due to increased liquid pumping rate is higher than 2 m/hr suggested by
be verified?
EEMUA 159, but lower than 6 m/hr indicated in literature. This shall be checked with
Mechanical design.
3. Inlet line size of 24" does not meet 1 m/s nozzle velocity criteria in landing position at full pumping rate
Thus, pumping-in at lower rate is recommended (30% of new pumping rate) when roof is landed
Inlet nozzle size is adequate for new flowrate with roof in floating condition.
4. Outlet nozzle is adequate to provide submergence and avoid vortexing.
5. Rim seal vent is adequate for likely venting demands placed on it.
6. Roof stability shall be checked by Mechanical team due to following process considerations:
- Increased flowrate momentum
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7. SKETCH Is this any useful to

sketch attached?
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8. SCENARIO ANALYSIS

Sr. No. Scenario Applicability Remarks

1 Liquid Movement Yes Venting rate calculated as per API 2000, 7th edition
2 Weather Changes (Thermal) Yes Venting rate calculated as per API 2000, 7th edition
24" Safety Hatch is indicated in GAD and P&ID.
3 Fire Exposure Yes
Verification is not in Project Scope
Not
4 Vapour Break-through This is not in Scope.
evaluated
5 Inert Pads and Purges No External floating roof Tank
This is not in project scope. LP Steam coil is used
Not evaluated and area coverage is not extensive (60 m2).
Approximate heat duty is 688.5 kW.
6 Abnormal Heat Transfer Yes
Considering latent heat of typical gasoline of ~335
kJ/kg, venting rate is 7405 kg/hr gasoline.
Considering gasoline molecular weight of ~100,
venting rate is 3082 Nm3/hr air.
This is not in Scope.
However, coil is seen in tank. Coil rupture can
Internal Failure of Heat
create roof stability issue. However, it is confirmed
7 Transfer Devices (Coil Yes
by Client that coil is not in use during normal
Rupture)
operation. Thus, this is considered a remote
overpressure scenario
8 Vent Treatment Systems No Tank vent is open to atmosphere
This is not in Scope.
Details of upstream system not available. Failure of
Not in scope upstream cooling water exchangers can cause local
Unikely to
scenario can be increase in vapour pressure and roof stability issue.
9 Utility Failure be
For short duration, this is unlikely to be impacting as
remove governing*
tank flows are small compared with tank inventory.
SIF analyis of existing temperauture trips shall be
considered.
Unikely to
Change in Temperature of
10 be Same as point 9
Input Stream to the Tank
governing*
11 Chemical Reactions No This is crude oil mixture of similar Hydrocarbons

This is not in Scope.

Unikely to 1. Independent level instrument for indication and
12 Liquid Overfill be HH trip is provided in line with Lal committee report
governing* 2. Sufficient operator response time is likely to be
available

Unikely to This is not in scope.

13 Atmospheric Pressure Changes be Liquid is stored far away from Boiling Point and
governing* insulated. Unlikely to be governing.

This is not in Scope.

Unikely to
However, crude systems operate at low pressure.
14 Control Valve Failure be
Intervening pressure drop elements would make
governing*
venting rate small
No steam in tank contents (coil steam is not
15 Steam Condensation No
applicable)
16 Uninsulated Hot Tanks No Tank operating temperature is low

17 Internal Explosion / Deflagration No External floating roof Tank

Mixing of Products of
18 No Non-reactive Heavy Hydrocarbon stored in tank.
Different Composition
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10. Attachments

Number Description Pages

1 Floating Roof Tank - Vent Calculation Approach 1
2 Tank Venting Calculation 2
3 Auto-Bleeder vent Calculation 4
4 Floating Roof Velocity Calculation 1
5 Inlet Diffuser calculation 2
6 Impact on Rim Seal for Vendor 2
7 Roof Stability Discussion for Mechanical Team 1

correct the attachments order

calculations are missing

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Attachment-1 External Floating Roof Tank Venting

API 2000 is not applicable to External Floating Roof Tank venting as these tanks prevent vapour formation
due to floating roof resting on and moving with liquid level.
correct
Venting is applicable though when roof is in its standing position. Auto-bleeder vents are provided for this.

External floating roof tank venting adequacy check is required for increased liquid movement case (section 6.1).
This is approached with following analysis:
1. Tank venting calculation as per API 2000 for estimating venting requirements of auto-bleeder vents
2. Adequacy check of auto-bleeder vents for venting rate from API 2000
3. Floating roof velocity calculation and adequacy check for new inflow and outflow
4. Inlet pipe velocity check for new inflow and outflow
5. Impact on Rim seal due to increased inflow and outflow
6. Recommendations for Roof Stability analysis by Mechanical design

Is this required to
be verified?
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Attachment-2 Tank Venting Calculation correct

Tank venting calculation is carried out based on API 2000, 7th edition. API 2000 has two methods for tank
venting rates (normal in-breathing and out-breathing).
why 5th edition?
- Method 1 relies on latitude of unit, fluid conditions, insulation etc
It's alternative cal
- Method 2 is old method from API 2000, 5th edition

API 2000, Annex A suggests method 2 shall only be used when following conditions are met:
- the volume of the tank is less than 30,000 m3 (180,000 bbl);
- the maximum operating temperature of the vapor space of the tank is approximately 48.9 °C (120 °F);
- the tank is uninsulated; Specify conditions
- the temperature of the tank contents and feed to the tank are less thannot
that the boiling-point
met temperature at
the maximum operating pressure of the tank.

Method-1 is main recommended method as it captures latitude of location, fluid stored, insulation etc and
hence considered for venting rate calculation.

Method 1 needs latitude of location. As site is in India, latitude is considered below 42

o

Vapour pressure of stored fluid is needed. API 2000 decides venting rates by comparing vapour pressure of
stored fluid at storage temperature in relation to vapour pressure of Hexane. Venting rate for Hexane and
similar is more than venting rate for Heavier than Hexane liquids.

As 61-T-001A/B store Crude oil and may have significant Hexane, these are considered similar to Hexane
for venting rate calculation. As Auto-bleeder vent caters to auto-bleeder vents at standing position, venting
rate is estimated with liquid at lowest operating level.
Inbreathing
Results of thermal and liquid movement inreathing / outbreathing are estimated in next sheet.

Inbreathing due to liquid movement Nm3/h of Air 2102.0

Thermal Inbreathing Nm3/h of Air 1131.0
Total Inbreathing Nm3/h of Air 3233.0

Outbreathing due to liquid movement Nm3/h of Air 2616.6

Thermal outbreathing Nm3/h of Air 243.1
Outbreathing due to "PCV-blanketing Gas" failure Nm3/h of Air 0.0
Total Outbreathing Nm3/h of Air 2859.8
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ATTACHMENT-1: TANK VENTING CALCULATION

Parameters Units Values REMARKS
1) Inputs:
Process
Select Method Method 1
Tank Diameter m 38.0 As per GAD
Tank Height m 1.4 Low level as per GAD
Height of insulation m 0.0 As per GAD
Maximum emptying rate m3/h 2410.0 As per Table in 6.1
Maximum filling rate m3/h 3000.0 As per Table in 6.1
Outbreathing due to "PCV-blanketing Gas" failure kg/hr 0.0 Floating roof tank

Method 1 as per API 2000

Operating Temperature o
C 40.0 As per GAD
Operating Pressure barg 0.000 As per GAD
Vapour Pressure Hexane or similar Refer page 10 for discussion
Latitude of location Below 42° Refer page 10 for discussion
Thickness of insulation . m 0 Refer page 10 for discussion
Thermal conductivity of insulation W/mK 0.08 Typical value considered
Outbreathing due to evaporation/flashing kg/hr 0.0 Crude unlikely to flash

2) Calculations
2A) Method 1 as per API 2000
Why this value? Share the
Inbreathing due to liquid movement m3/h of Air 2410.0 discussion notes
Inbreathing due to liquid movement Nm3/h of Air 2102.0
Outbreathing due to liquid movement m3/h of Air 3000.0
Outbreathing due to liquid movement Nm3/h of Air 2616.6
Outbreathing including evaporation rate Nm3/h of Air 2616.6
Volume of Tank m3 1587.8
Y factor 0.3
Height of insulation No insulation
Rin 1.0
Rinp 1.0
Ri 1.0
Thermal Outbreathing Nm3/h of Air 243.1
C factor 6.5
Thermal Inbreathing Nm3/h of Air 1131.0

3) Outputs:
Inbreathing due to liquid movement Nm3/h of Air 2102.0
Thermal Inbreathing Nm3/h of Air 1131.0
Total Inbreathing Nm3/h of Air 3233.0

Outbreathing due to liquid movement Nm3/h of Air 2616.6

Thermal outbreathing Nm3/h of Air 243.1
Outbreathing due to "PCV-blanketing Gas" failure Nm3/h of Air 0.0
Total Outbreathing Nm3/h of Air 2859.8
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Attachment-3 Auto-Bleeder Vent Sizing

Tank is provided with 3 nos. of 2" auto-bleeder vents.

Adequacy of these vents is analysed for tank venting rates estimated in attachment-2.

This calculation is performed with details of vents as above.

Number of auto-bleeder vents required for in-breathing = 2.1

Number of auto-bleeder vents required for out-breathing = 1.2
Provided auto-bleeder vents on 61-T-001 A/B = 3

Thus, provided number and size of auto-bleeder vents are adequate for new inflow and outflow rates and
thermal effects due to new API requirements.
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AUTOMATIC BLEEDER VENT: (As Per API 2000 7th Edition, Nov. 2014)

Normal Venting requirements = Venting requirements for liquid movement + thermal effects
Use latest
For Inbreathing 0.87219917 Nm3 /h of air per m3/h of liquid flow
Pumping rate (out) 2410 m3/h
Detail the
2102 m3/h
value arrived
For Outbreathing 0.8722 Nm3 /h of air per m3/h of liquid flow
Pumping rate (in) 3000 m3/h
2616.6 m3/h

1) For Emptying a tank, sufficient venting area must be provided for

2102 m3 of free air per hour, for each 2410 m3 per hour of max. emptying rate

Vacuum relief factor, Fvr = 2102 2410 = 0.87

2) For Filling a tank, sufficient venting area must be provided for

2616.6 m3 of free air per hour, for each 3000 m3 per hour of max. filling rate

Vacuum relief factor, Fpr = 2616.6 3000 = 0.872

The procedure for sizing of vent considers a flow of a non compressible fluid through a nozzle.
The flow rate of fluid through nozzle is given by.

Q = K x A x (2 g H)0.5 m3/s where

K = discharge coefficient for circular orifice 0.6
A = unrestricted flow area of nozzle(m2 ) Specify
g = Acceleration. Due to gravity reference 9.81 m / s2
H = Head, as a measure of pressure differential (m)
= W / (11.93865 x S) Where,

W = Weight of roof, for filling IN (N/m2 ) or

= Design Live load on roof, For Emptying IN (N/m2)
S = Specific weight of vapour = 1.22 (for air)

11.93865 IN ABOVE EQUATION IS THE WEIGHT OF AIR IN N/m3

at 1 bar & 60 Deg.F

For Auto bleeder vent,

Unrestricted area of flow = Total area - Flow blockage area

Total area of Auto Bleeder Vent :- ----- [ Size of vent pipe = 250 NB ]
For Auto Bleeder Vent pipe
Outer Diameter, Do = 273.05 mm As per GAD
Pipe Thickness, t = 15.09 mm (SCH. 80)
Inner Diameter, Di = 242.87 mm
Thus, Total area = pi x 242.87^2 /4 = 46327.368 mm2
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FLOW BLOCKAGE AREA :

AREA OF AUTO BLEEDER VENT PIPE IS PARTIALLY BLOCKED BY FOLLOWING :-

I) Size of Bush provided around 2" NB SLEEVE =

ID, mm = 73 OD,mm = 83 Length,mm = 100
Outside dia. Of Bush, DBO = 83 mm
Area of bush = (pi x DBO2 ) / 4 = 5410.608 mm2

II) Support plate 79 mm,WIDE 6 mm, THK

Area of all support plates = 1896 mm2

Total Flow Block Area = 7306.608 mm2

Unrestricted area of flow, A = 46327.368 - 7306.608

= 39020.760 mm2
= 0.03902 m2
IN FILLING OPERATION :-
Head, as a measure of Pressure Differential is given by
Hp = Wp / (11.93865 x S)

For filling, Wp is the weight of centre deck in N/m2

Specify reference
Thk. of roof deck plate, td = 8 mm
Density of deck plate, Gd = 7.85 kg/m2 - mm

Wp = Gd x g x td = 7.85 x 9.806 x 8 = 615.851 N/m2

Hp = 615.851 / (11.939 x 1.22) = 42.2825 m

Pressure relief provided by each vent,

Qp = K x A x (2 g Hp)0.5
= 0.6 x 0.039 x ((2 x 9.8067x 42.2825)^0.5)
= 0.674221706 m3 / s
= 2427.19814 m3 / hr

In Emptying Operation :-
In Emptying, The Pressure Differential is no longer based on the weight of roof. It is now limited by how much external load the roof
can take

External loads acting on roof :

1. Live Load on roof [AS PER API-650, CLAUSE 5.2.1.e.(2)] = 5 lbs/ft 2
= 24.41145 kg/m2

2. Other external loads = 0 kg/m2

Total External load on roof, Wv = 24.411 kg/m2

= 239.395 N/m2

Head, as a measure of Pressure Differential is given by

Hv = Wv / (11.93865 x S)
Hv = 239.395 / (11.939 x 1.22) = 16.4361 m
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Vacuum Relief provided by each bleeder vent,

Qv, = K x A x (2 g Hv)0.5
= 0.6 x 0.039 x ((2 X 9.8067x 16.436)^0.5)
= 0.4204 m3 / s
= 1513.2978 m3/ hr

Thus, One Auto Bleeder Vent will provide :-

====> 2427.198 m3/ hr OF FREE AIR PRESSURE RELIEF (OUTFLOW OF FREE AIR)
====> 1513.298 m3/ hr OF FREE AIR VACUUM RELIEF (INFLOW OF FREE AIR)

TANK FLOW RATES :- AS PER DATA SHEET

(a) FILLING RATE = 3000 m3/ hr
(b) EMPTYING RATE = 2410 m3/ hr

TOTAL VENTING REQUIREMENT :-

TANK DIAMETER = 38 m
MAINTENANCE LEVEL OF TANK = 1.4 m
STORAGE CAPACITY OF TANK WHEN ROOF
IS RESTING ON LEG SUPPORT = pi x (38 ^2) x 1.4 / 4
(CLEANOUT POSITION OF ROOF) = 1587.7609 m3
= 9986.6715 barrel
THERMAL VENTING CAPACITY
CORRESPONDING TO 1587.761 m3 OF OIL STORAGE IS

a) THERMAL VENTING REQUIREMENT FOR IN BREATHING = 1131.0000 m3/ hr

b) THERMAL VENTING REQUIREMENT FOR OUT BREATHING = 243.1000 m3/ hr

c) PRESSURE RELIEF REQUIRED FOR PUMPING IN OR FILLING RATE

Qout = PRESSURE RELIEF FACTOR x FILLING RATE Specify
= 3000 x 0.872
= 2616.600 m3 / hr
reference

d) VACUUM RELIEF REQUIRED FOR PUMPING OUT OR WITHDRAWAL RATE

Qin = VACUUM RELIEF FACTOR x WITHDRAWAL RATE
= 2410 x 0.872199170124481
= 2102 m3 / hr
Correct it
FROM b) & c)
TOTAL PRESSURE RELIEF OR OUT BREATHING REQUIRED Qout - total = 243.1 + 2616.6
= 2859.700 m3/ hr

FROM a) & d)
TOTAL VACUUM RELIEF OR IN BREATHING REQUIRED Qin - total = 1131 + 2102
= 3233.00000 m3/ hr

FROM THE ABOVE CALCULATIONS,

1) NO. OF AUTO BLEEDER VENTS REQUIED DURING FILLING OPERATION (I.E. DURING OUTFLOW OF FREE
AIR OR DURING OUT - BREATHING)
= Qout - total / OUT FLOW OF FREE AIR PROVIDED BY ONE BLEEDER VENT
= 2859.7 / 2427.198 = 1.2 NOS.

2) NO. OF AUTO BLEEDER VENTS REQUIED DURING EMPTING OPERATION (I.E. DURING INFLOW OF FREE
AIR OR DURING IN - BREATHING)

= Qin - total / IN FLOW OF FREE AIR PROVIDED BY ONE BLEEDER VENT

= 3233 / 1513.298 = 2.1 NOS.

Provided 3 NO. Auto Bleeder Vents of size 2 " NB x SCH. 80.

Auto Bleeder vents installed on tank are thus adequate.
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Attachment-4 Roof Velocity

As explained in attachment-2, floating roof minimizes venting by eliminating vapour space due to roof moving
with and floating on liquid level. Venting devices are provided when roof rests on legs at standing position.
During normal operation when roof is moving with liquid, small vapour space formed at the edges only need to
be vented by Rim seal.

Thus, any increase in inflow / outflow during normal operation will change floating roof velocity.

Floating roof tank has allowable roof velocity range between 0-6 m/hr. Floating roof velocity is calculated for
revised inflow and outflow rates in table below:
1. Inputs Units Inflow Outflow
Tank Diameter m 38.0 38.0
Volume flow m3/hr 3000.0 2410.0

2. Calculations
Volume flow m3/s 0.8333 0.6694
Tank Area m2 1133.54 1133.54
Velocity m/s 0.0007352 0.0005906

3. Outputs
Velocity m/s 0.0007352 0.0005906
Roof Velocity m/hr 2.6 2.1

Allowable Roof
m/hr 2.0 2.0
Velocity

4. Result
Adequacy Check No No
The EFR tank 61-T-001A/B has maximum roof velocity of 2.6 m/hr. EEMUA 159, clause 11.9.7 suggest:

As seen from above, roof velocity calculated is more than recommended velocity. However, literature suggests
velocities upto 6 m/hr as acceptable for roof. This shall be checked by Mechanical team.

What's mechanical
in it?
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Attachment-3 VELOCITY FOR STATIC CHARGE

As API 650, clause 5.8.11.2:

For liquid outlets, velocity depends on submergence to avoid vortexing and air entrainment when roof is in
standing position.For line sizes more than 20", suction nozzle velocity < 1.5 m/s is recommended.

Table below shows velocity in inlet and outlet nozzles for existing capacity, new capacity and new sizes.
Present Line Size, Present Line Size, New Proposed Line Sizes,
1. Inputs Units Existing flow flow New flow
Inflow Outflow Inflow Outflow Inflow Outflow
Inlet pressure barg 0 0 0 0 0 0
Density kg/m3 867 867 867 867 867 867
Viscosity cP 65.00 65.00 65.00 65.00 65.00 65.00
Volume flow m3/hr 1820.0 1820.0 3000.0 2410.0 3000.0 2410.0
Line size inch 24.00 30.00 24.00 30.00 24.00 30.00
Number of nozzles inch 1 1 1 1 3 1

2. Calculations
Volume flow m3/hr 1820.00 1820.00 3000.00 2410.00 3000.00 2410.00
Line size mm 600 750 600 750 600 750
Pipe CS area m2 0.28278 0.44184375 0.28278 0.44184375 0.84834 0.44184375
Velocity m/s 1.79 1.14 2.95 1.52 0.98 1.52

3. Outputs
Velocity of Liquid m/s 1.7878 1.1442 2.9469 1.5151 0.9823 1.5151
Allowed velocity m/s 0.9144 1.5000 0.9144 1.5000 0.9144 1.5000
4. Result
Nozzle Size required Inch 24.00 30.00
No of Nozzle Required 3.00 1.00

It is seen from above table that tank inlet does not meet API 650 criteria of 3 ft/s. To limit turbulence and static
charge generation when roof is at standing position, either larger nozzle or more number of nozzles are
needed. Why outlet nozzle
allowed velocity
This criteria was not met in original design as well. API 650 clause leaves it to Purchaser
considered moreor floating
roof manufacturer.Criteria not being met is considered as this not being felt necessary at design stage.
API 650 also references API 2003 on Static Electricity. API 2003, clause 4.5.2.b states:

Clause 4.5.2.g from API 2003 also suggests:

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VELOCITY FOR STATIC CHARGE

To sum-up, API 2003 suggests:

- Maximum velocity of 1 m/s when floating roof is in standing position
- Maximum velocity of 7 m/s when roof is buoyant

Inlet nozzle sizing change can be minimized by slower loading rate when floating roof is at standing position.
This is considered possible and confirmed as being practised during operation by Client during meeting.

Once roof is Buoyant, inlet velocity is not seen a concern as at filling rate considered, velocity is well below
7 m/s suggested by API 2003.

Thus, one no. 24" nozzle is considered adequate.

For outlet nozzles, velocity is slightly more than 1.5 m/s. This is checked for submergence calculation:
1) Self-venting_Flow
Inputs
Flowrate 2410 m3/hr
Pipe diameter 30 in

Calculations
Pipe diameter 0.76 m
Pipe area 0.46 m2
Velocity 1.47 m/s
Froude number 0.54
Line size self-venting NO

2) Minimum liquid level - bottom outlet

Q 2410 m3/hr
D 30 in

Min liquid level above liquid outlet 441.4 mm

3) Minimum liquid level - side outlet

Q 2410 m3/hr
D 30 in

Min liquid level above liquid outlet nozzle top 109.9 mm

Min liquid level above liquid outlet nozzle C/L 490.9 mm

As seen from above, required submergence is ~150 m for side outlet. As per GAD, available submergence
for N13 nozzle (top of pipe at 1250 mm from bottom) is ~250 mm from LSLL (1400 mm) and meets the
submergence criteria. Thus, outlet nozzle size of 30" is considered adequate.
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Attachment-5 Impact of Increased Flows on Rim Seal

Three numbers of Rim seal vents are installed on 61-T-001 A/B of configuration seen below:

Rim seal vents are to release any vapor between liquid level and roof portions. Typical setting is 22 oz/in
i.e. 2.2 mbarg. Table below shows typical vent capacities from 6" Rim Seal vents.

Considering pressure setting of 2.2 mbarg, air venting rate from one no 6" rim seal vent is 421 Nm3/hr.
Considering this rate and installed 3 nos. of rim seal vents, tank can safely vnt ~1263 Nm3/hr air. Actual vent
from floating roof in buoyant position would be much lower than API 2000 calculation.

API 650 11th Edition Appendix-D clarifies that thermal breathing is not a criteria in sizing the vents of floating
roof tank.
Specify/use latest/ Rim space is 200 mm as per tank GAD. Rim area represents 2.1% of tank cross sectional area and can not
correct reference have entire liquid movement venting. For adequacy check, 10% of total outbreathing is considered
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001A/B
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API 2000 is used for estimating total out-breathing rate considering entire tank height.

Parameters Units Values REMARKS

1) Inputs:
Process
Select Method Method 1
Tank Diameter m 38.0 As per GAD
Tank Height m 14.4 Tank Height
Height of insulation m 0.0 As per GAD
Maximum emptying rate m3/h 2410.0 As per Table in 6.1
Maximum filling rate m3/h 3000.0 As per Table in 6.1
Outbreathing due to "PCV-blanketing Gas" failure kg/hr 0.0 Floating roof tank

Method 1
which table?
Operating Temperature C
o
40.0 As per GAD
Operating Pressure barg 0.000 As per GAD
Vapour Pressure Hexane or similar Refer page 10 for discussion
Latitude of location Below 42° Refer page 10 for discussion
Thickness of insulation . m 0 Refer page 10 for discussion
Thermal conductivity of insulation W/mK 0.08 Typical value considered
Outbreathing due to evaporation/flashing kg/hr 0.0 Crude unlikely to flash

2) Calculations
2A)
Inbreathing due to liquid movement m3/h of Air 2410.0
Inbreathing due to liquid movement Nm3/h of Air 2102.0
Outbreathing due to liquid movement m3/h of Air 3000.0
Outbreathing due to liquid movement Nm3/h of Air 2616.6
Outbreathing including evaporation rate Nm3/h of Air 2616.6
Volume of Tank m3 16331.3
Y factor 0.3
Height of insulation No insulation
Rin 1.0
Rinp 1.0
Ri 1.0
Thermal Outbreathing Nm3/h of Air 1980.9
C factor 6.5
Thermal Inbreathing Nm3/h of Air 5781.3

3) Outputs:
Inbreathing due to liquid movement Nm3/h of Air 2102.0
Thermal Inbreathing Nm3/h of Air 5781.3
Total Inbreathing Nm3/h of Air 7883.3

Outbreathing due to liquid movement Nm3/h of Air 2616.6

Thermal outbreathing Nm3/h of Air 1980.9
Outbreathing due to "PCV-blanketing Gas" failure Nm3/h of Air 0.0
Total Outbreathing Nm3/h of Air 4597.5 Specify 10%
of maximum
Expected venting rate from rim seal gap, Nm3/hr = 459.75 in above

Total venting capacity of 3 rim seal vents, Nm3/hr = 1263

Thus, due to small rim seal gap, rim seal vent capacity can be considered to be adequate.
 Document No. PR-23019-CAL-002 Rev : B
PROCESS CALCULATION FOR 61-T-
Document: Page : 21
001A/B
OF 21

Attachment-6 Roof Instability Considerations for Mechanical Design

Roof stability check is part of Mechanical design and is not part of this project scope. Mechanical design as per
API 650 usually checks roof stability for Pontoon puncture and rainwater loads on roof only. Process
considerations that can lead to differemtial floating are not considered.
Check is part of
scope or not
For tank 61-T-001 A/B, following process situations warrant roof stability check:

1. Coil Rupture
Coil rupture would not have steam ensuing from all rim area uniformly. Thus, roof stability can be affected.
This shall be analysed as part of Mechanical design validation.

However, it is confirmed during meeting that Coil is not in operation during normal case. Thus, coil rupture
overpressure is considered a remote scenario.

2. Increased flowrate
Below is extract from DEP:

Liquid from inlet nozzle does not loose momentum immediately on entering tank. This momentum can cause
roof stability issues.

3. Jet Mixers
Jet mixers are present in storage tank and have led to sinking of roof due to mixing jets non-uniform flows and
directionality.

Jet mixers are present and installed by vendor. Impact on roof stability is presumed studied by jet mixer vendor