Module 2: Philippine Laws

Republic
Act No.
10121
Philippine
Disaster Risk
Reduction and
Management
Act of 2010
 Republic Act No. 10121
-was signed into law on May 27, 2010

Also Known as
“Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act of 2010”
• An Act that Strengthens the Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and
Management System, providing for the National Disaster Risk
Reduction and Management Framework and Institutionalizing the
National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Plan,
appropriating funds therefor and for other purposes".
 Republic Act No. 10121
(Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act of 2010)

• Promotes the development of capacities in Disaster Management at

the individual, organizational, and institutional levels. A very
important feature of this law is its call for the mainstreaming of
disaster risk reduction in
Physical and land-use planning, budget, infrastructure, education,
health, environment, housing, and other sectors.
 Republic Act No. 10121
(Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act of 2010)

• also recognizes local risk patterns and trends and encourages the
participation of NGOs, private sectors, community- based
organizations, and community members in disaster management. It
inhibits the full participation of the Local Government Units (LGUs)
and communities in governance. The approach tends to be 'response
oriented' or 'reactive’
 Republic Act No. 10121
(Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act of 2010)

• promotes widespread emphasis on post-disaster relief and

short-term preparedness, such as forecasting and evacuation,
rather than on mitigation and post- disaster support for
economic recovery.
 Republic Act No. 10121
(Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act of 2010)

• mandates the establishment of a Disaster Risk Reduction and

Management Office (DRRMO) in every province, city and
municipality, and a Barangay Disaster Risk Reduction and
Management Committee (BDRRMC) in every barangay.
 Republic Act No. 10121
(Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act of 2010)

• provides for the calamity fund to be used in support of disaster

risk reduction or mitigation, prevention, and preparedness
activities for the potential occurrence of disasters and not just
for response, relief, and rehabilitation efforts
• incorporate internationally accepted principles of disaster risk
management in the creation and implementation of national,
regional and local sustainable development and poverty
reduction strategies, policies, plans and budgets.
 Republic Act No. 10121
(Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act of 2010)

• Engage the participation of civil society organizations (CSOs),

the private sector and volunteers in the government’s disaster
risk reduction programs towards complementation of resources
and effective delivery of services to the Citizenry
 Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and
Management Act of 2010
R.A 10121 LAW THAT REQUIRES THE COUNTRY'S GOVERNMENT AND
ITS CITIZENS TO BE PREPARED FOR DISASTER.

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(Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and
Management Act of 2010) R.A 10121
• Why is R.A. 10121 important?

• Because the Philippines is one of the most at risk in terms of

disasters.

• Countries in the world top 1 in disaster risk

• With 46.82% disaster risk as of 2020 according to worlds risk

index
World Risk Index 2022
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FamilyID=Office_ArchiveTorn

R.A 10344
“Risk Reduction and Preparedness
Equipment Protection Act” This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY
 R.A 10344
Risk Reduction and Preparedness Equipment Protection Act

Declaration of Policy. –
• to protect the right of the people to a balanced and healthful
ecology in accord with the rhythm and harmony of nature.
• to create, develop, maintain and improve conditions under
which man and nature can thrive in productive and enjoyable
harmony with each other.
• to institute measures to ensure the safety of its citizens and
their properties through the installation of data and information
gathering devices and the network of national and local
authorities to disseminate risk reduction warning and advice.
 R.A 10344
Risk Reduction and Preparedness Equipment Protection Act

(List of Government Risk Reduction and Preparedness Equipment and Other Vital
Facility Items)

DOST- Dept. of Science and Technology

PAGASA- Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical
Services Administration.
PHIVOLCS- Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology
NDRRMC- National Disaster Risk Reduction And Management Council.
 R.A 10344
(Risk Reduction and Preparedness Equipment Protection Act)

• Prohibited Acts
• Steal, or take, or possess any of the equipment,
• Sell or buy stolen equipment
• Tamper, dismantle, or disassemble equipment
• Attempt to commit any of the abovementioned prohibited acts
• Benefit from the proceeds or fruits of any of the
abovementioned prohibited acts
 R.A 10344
(Risk Reduction and Preparedness Equipment Protection Act)

Examples of Facility Items

• Radars
• weather forecasting equipment
• flood monitoring instruments
• Seismographs
• tsunami warning systems
• automated weather systems.
 R.A 10344
(Risk Reduction and Preparedness Equipment Protection Act)

• Penalties

Stealing

• imprisonment of not less than twelve (12) years but not more
than fifteen (15) years or a fine of not less than One million
pesos (P1,000,000.00) but not more than Three million pesos
(P3,000,000.00)
 R.A 10344
(Risk Reduction and Preparedness Equipment Protection Act)

• Penalty

unauthorized tampering, dismantling or disassembling og

equipment.

• imprisonment of not less than six (6) years but not more than
ten (10) years or a fine of not less than Five hundred thousand
pesos (P500,000.00) but not more than One million pesos
(P1,000.000.00)
 R.A 10344
(Risk Reduction and Preparedness Equipment
Protection Act)
• Penalty

attempts to commit any of the prohibited acts (stealing,

tampering, selling)

• six (6) years but not more than eight (8) years or a fine of not
less than Five hundred thousand pesos (P500,000.00) but not
more than One million pesos (P1,000,000.00)
 R.A 10344
(Risk Reduction and Preparedness Equipment Protection Act)

• Penalty

benefiting from the proceeds or fruits of any of the prohibited

acts

• two (2) years but not more than seven (7) years or a fine of not
less than Two hundred thousand pesos (P200,000.00) but not
more than Five hundred thousand pesos (P500,000.00)
R.A 10821

Children’s
Emergency
Relief and
Protection Act

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 R.A 10821
Children’s Emergency Relief and Protection Act
• to protect the fundamental rights of children before, during, and
after disasters and other emergency situations when children
are gravely threatened or endangered by circumstances that
affect their survival and normal development.
 R.A 10821
Children’s Emergency Relief and Protection Act

• Establishment of Transitional Shelters for Orphaned, Separated,

and Unaccompanied Children
• Assurance for Immediate Delivery of Basic Necessities and
Services
• Stronger Measures to Ensure the Safety and Security of
Affected Children
• Delivery of Health, Medical, and Nutrition Services
 R.A 10821
Children’s Emergency Relief and Protection Act

• Plan of Action for Prompt Resumption of Educational Services

for Children
• Establishment of Child-friendly Space
Philippine
Environmental
Laws

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R.A 8749

Philippine
Clean Air Act
 R.A 8749
Philippine Clean Air Act
Purpose:

Its as comprehensive air quality management policy and program

which aims to achieve and maintain healthy air for all Filipino. It
outlines the government’s measures to reduce air pollution and
incorporate environmental protection into its development plans.
 Sources of Air Pollution
Mobile Sources
• Vehicles, cars, trucks, buses, jeepneys, motorcycles

Point Sources
• Industrial firms, smokestacks of power plants, hotels and other
establishments.

Area Sources
• Smoking, burning of garbage, dust from construction
 R.A 8749
Philippine Clean Air Act
Salient Features of the Act:

• Formulate a holistic national program of air pollution that shall be

implemented by the government through proper delegation and effective
coordination of function and activities;

• Focus primarily on pollution prevention rather than on control.

• Promote public information and education to encourage the participation of
an informed and active public in air quality planning and monitoring
• Formulate and enforce a system of accountability for short and long term
adverse environmental impact of a project, program or activity. This shall
include setting up of a funding or guarantee mechanism for clean-up and
environmental rehabilitation and compensation for personal damages.
 R.A 8749
Philippine Clean Air Act
Mandates the various government agencies to do the following in support of
the Act:
1. Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR)
- act as overall of the lead agency;
2. Department of Transportation and Communication (DOTC) -
-motor vehicles, shall, based on environmental techniques, design,
impose on and collect regular emission fees from all said dischargers as part of
the emission permitting system or vehicle registration renewal system.
3. Department of Science and Technology ( DOST)
- with the DENR, other agencies, private sector, the academe, non-
government organizations and people's organization, shall establish a National
Research Development Program for the prevention and control of air pollution.
 R.A 8749
Philippine Clean Air Act
4. Department of Trade and Industry (DTI), DOST Local Government
Units (LGUs)
5. DOTC, DTI and DENR
6. Department of Energy ( DOE)
7. Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and astronomical Service Administration
(PAGASA)
- shall regularly monitor meteorological factors affecting environmental
conditions including ozone depletion and greenhouse gases
8. Philippine Nuclear Research Institute (PNRI) with the DENR shall regulate all
projects which will involve the use of atomic and/or nuclear energy,
radioactive substances, radioactive materials, handling, transport.
9. Department of Education (DepEd), Commission on Higher Education (CHED) ,
Department of Interior and Local Governments (DILG) and the Philippine
Information Agency ( PIA)
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R.A 9211
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Tobacco Regulation Act 0f

2003
 R.A 9211
Tobacco Regulation Act 0f 2003

An act regulating the packaging, use, sale distribution and

advertisements of tobacco products and for other purposes.

Enacted on June 23, 2003

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 R.A 9211
Tobacco Regulation Act 0f 2003
Purpose:
1. Promote a healthful environment; inform the public of the health risk
associated with cigarette smoking and tobacco use,
2. Regulate and subsequently ban all tobacco advertisements and
sponsorships.
3. Regulate the labelling of tobacco products.
4. Protect the youth from being initiated to cigarette smoking and tobacco
use by prohibiting the sale of tobacco products to minors.
5. Assist and encourage Filipino tobacco farmers to cultivate
alternative agricultural crops to prevent economic dislocation.
 R.A 9211
Tobacco Regulation Act 0f 2003
Smoking is prohibited in the following:

1. Elevators and stairwells

2. Public and private hospitals
3. Food preparation areas
4. Public conveyance and facilities

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R.A 9211
Tobacco Regulation Act 0f 2003

Designated area for smoking

1. An open space or separate area with

proper ventilation
2. At least 1 visible sign posted “smoking
area”
3. Not located within the same room that
has been designated as non-smoking area
4. Sign must include warning about health
effects of direct/second hand exposure to
tobacco.

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R.A 6969
Toxic substance and
Hazardous and
Nuclear Wastes This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

Control Act 1990

.

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 R.A 6969
Toxic substance and Hazardous and Nuclear Wastes
Control Act 1990

AN ACT TO CONTROL TOXIC SUBSTANCES AND HAZARDOUS AND

NUCLEAR WASTE; PROVIDING PENALTIES FOR VIOLATIONS THEREOF,
AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES.
 Types of Hazard Symbols

1. General Caution Sign

 Types of Hazard Symbols
2. Toxic Sign
 Types of Hazard Symbols

3. Non-Ionizing Radiation Sign

 Types of Hazard Symbols

4. Ionizing Radiation Sign

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 Types of Hazard Symbols
5. Radiation danger - high level sources
sign
 Types of Hazard Symbols
6. Biohazard Sign

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 Types of Hazard Symbols
7. High Voltage Sign

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 Types of Hazard Symbols
8. Chemical weapon sign

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 Types of Hazard Symbols
9. Lazard Hazard Sign
Types of Hazard Symbols
 R.A 6969
Declaration of Policy
• Policy of the State to regulate, restrict or prohibit the importation, manufacture,
processing, sale, distribution, use and disposal of chemical substances and
mixtures that present unreasonable risk and/or injury to health or the
environment
• To prohibit entry (even transit) of hazardous and nuclear wastes and their
disposal into Philippine territorial limit
• To provide advancement and facilitate research and studies on toxic chemicals.
 R.A 6969
Toxic Substances and the Hazardous and Nuclear Wastes Control Act

Definition
• Chemical Substances
• Any organic or inorganic substance of a particular molecular identity
• Any combination of such substances occurring in whole or in part as
a result of chemical reaction or occurring in nature.

Example: Inorganic substance: Ammonia

Organic substance: Fats, proteins,
 R.A 6969
Toxic Substances and the Hazardous and Nuclear Wastes Control Act

• Chemical Mixtures

• Any combination of two or more chemical substances if the

combination does not occur in nature.

Examples: Bleach, Paints

 R.A 6969
Toxic Substances and the Hazardous and Nuclear Wastes Control Act

• Hazardous substances are substances which present either

1. Short-term hazards
• Acute toxicity by ingestion, inhalation or skin absorption,
corrosivity or other skin or eye contact hazard, risk of fire or
explosion.
2. Long-term hazards
• Chronic toxicity, carcinogenicity, resistance to detoxification
process, potential to pollute underground or surface water
 R.A 6969
Toxic Substances and the Hazardous and Nuclear Wastes Control Act

• Hazardous wastes

refer to by-products, side-products, process residues, spent

reaction media, contaminated plant or equipment or other
substance
 R.A 6969
Toxic Substances and the Hazardous and Nuclear Wastes Control Act

• Nuclear Wastes

Hazardous wastes made radioactive by exposure to

the radiation incidental to the production or utilization of nuclear
fuel.
 R.A 6969
Toxic Substances and the Hazardous and Nuclear Wastes Control Act

• Functions, Powers and Responsibility

DENR
• The Department of Environment and Natural Resources -
implementing agency
• To keep an updated inventory of chemicals that are presently
being manufactured or used
• To require chemical substances and mixtures that present
unreasonable risk or injury to health or to the environment to be
tested before they are manufactured or imported for the first
time.
 R.A 6969
Toxic Substances and the Hazardous and Nuclear Wastes Control Act

• To require chemical substances and mixtures presently being

manufactured or processed to be tested if they pose
unreasonable risk or injury to evaluate the characteristics of
chemicals that have been tested to determine their toxicity and
the extent of their effects
• To enter into contracts and make grants for research,
development, and monitoring of chemical substance and
mixtures.
 R.A 6969
Toxic Substances and the Hazardous and Nuclear Wastes Control Act

• To conduct inspection of any establishment in which chemicals

are manufactured, processed, stored or held
• To confiscate or impound chemicals found not falling within said
acts
• To monitor and prevent the entry, even in transit, of hazardous
and nuclear wastes and their disposal into the countr
R.A 9003
Ecological Solid
Waste
Management
Act of 2000
 R.A 9003
Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000
Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000 (RA 9003) provides
the legal framework for the systematic, comprehensive and ecological
solid waste management program of the Philippines, which shall
ensure protection of public health and the environment. It emphasizes
the need to create the necessary institutional mechanisms and
incentives, and imposes penalties for acts in violation of any of its
provisions.
 R.A 9003
Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000
Salient Features of RA 9003
1. Creation of the _National
Solid Waste Management Commission, National EcologicalCenter and
LGU-Solid Waste Management Boards
2. Creation of multi-purpose Environmental
Cooperatives or Associations in every LGU, Waste segregation, waste
reduction and recycling programs.
3. Construction of Material Recovery Facilities/Systems
Conversion of open dumpsites to sanitary landfills
4. Integration of Ecological Waste Management concepts in
academic curricula for formal and non-formal education
5. Administrative and enforcement procedures
 R.A 9003
Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000
General provisions

• Ensure protection of public health and environment

• Encourage minimization of solid waste generation, and the recycle and re-
use of recyclable wastes
• Encourage proper segregation, transport, storage, treatment and disposal
of solid wastes
• Promote national research and development programs to improve waste
management, conservation, reduction, collection, separation, and recovery
• Encourage participation in, and implementation of, solid waste
management
• Promote environmental awareness.
 R.A 9003
Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000
• National Solid Waste Management Commission (NSWMC)

1. Composes of 14 members from the government and 3

members from private sector.
2. Holds meetings at least once a month
 R.A 9003
Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000
• Functions and power of the Commission:

• Formulate and plan the National Solid Waste Management

Framework
• Develop standards and guidelines for solid waste management, as
well as penalty for the violation of rules and regulations
• Review and monitor the implementation of the solid waste
management plans
• Prescribe procedures for issuance of appropriate permits and
clearances
• Develop programs in marketing the recycled materials
 R.A 9003
Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000
National Solid Waste Management Commission (NSWMC
 R.A 9003
Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000
Roles of DENR
• Chair of the National Solid Waste Management Commission
• Prepare an annual national solid waste management status
report
• Prepare and distribute information on solid waste management
• Establish methods and guidelines on waste reduction,
collection, and disposal
• Visitorial powers (on any solid waste generator, recycler,
facilities, etc
 R.A 9003
Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000
Prohibited Acts
• Littering
• Open burning of solid waste
• Not segregating waste
• Squatting in open dumps/landfills
• Open dumping, or burying of wastes in flood-prone areas
• Importation/manufacturing/distributing of non-environmentally
acceptable materials, (examples: Plastics bags)
R.A 9147
Wildlife
Resources
and
Conservation
and
Protection Act

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 R.A 9147
Wildlife Resources and Conservation and Protection Act

• This act shall be known as the "Wildlife Resources

Conservation and Protection Act."
• It shall be the policy of the State to conserve the country's
wildlife resources and their habitats for sustainability.
• The act secures the safety of the endangered animals and other
animals within the country.
All activities to be done in the wildlife should be legal
 R.A 9147
Wildlife Resources and Conservation and Protection Act
What is Wildlife

Wildlife traditionally refers to non- domesticated animal species, but

has come to include all plants, fungi, and other organisms that grow or
live wild in an area without being introduced by humans.

Wildlife can be found in all ecosystems.

 R.A 9147
Wildlife Resources and Conservation and Protection Act
Endangered: Seriously at risk of extinction

Examples of Endangered Philippine animals, Tarsier, Philippine eagle

 R.A 9147
Wildlife Resources and Conservation and Protection Act
Objective:
• To conserve and protect wildlife species and their habitats
• To regulate collection and trade of wildlife
• To pursue the Philippine commitment to international
conventions, protection of wildlife and their habitats
• To initiate or support scientific studies on the conservation of
biological diversity
 R.A 9147
Wildlife Resources and Conservation and Protection Act
The PAWB-DENR (Protected Areas and Wildlife Bureau-DENR)
scope include all wildlife species (flora and fauna) in all areas, including
Protected Areas (under RA 7586) and critical habitats, as well as exotics
that are traded, cultured, maintained and/or bred
in captivity/propagated in the country.
 R.A 9147
Wildlife Resources and Conservation and Protection Act
Critically Endangered Refers to a species or subspecies that is facing extremely high risk of extinction
Species in the wild in the immediate future. Example; Tamaraw, Philippine eagle

Endangered Species Refers to species or subspecies that is not critically endangered but whose
survival in the wild is unlikely if casual factors continue operating.
Example: Philippine crocodile, visayan warty pig
Vulnerable Species Refers to species or subspecies that is not critically endangered nor endangered
but is under threat from adverse factors throughout their range and is likely to
move to endangered category in the near future.
Example: Philippine owl
Threatened Species A term to denote species or subspecies considered as endangered, critically
endangered, vulnerable or other accepted categories of wildlife whose
population is at risk of extinction.
• The Act makes it Unlawful for any person to undertake the ff.:
➢Killing and destroying wildlife species
➢Dumping of waste products detrimen to wildlife
➢Squatting or otherwise occupying any portionist the critical
habitat
➢mineral exploitation and/or extraction.
➢burning; logging and quarrying
➢Introduction, reintroduction or, restocking of wildlife resources.
➢Trading of wildlife.
➢Collecting, hunting or possessin wildlife, their by-products and
derivatives
➢Gathering or destroying of active lo susquest trees, host plants and
the like.
➢Maltreating and/or inflicting other injuries to wildlife
➢Transporting of wildlife
 Penalties
For Critically endangered species:
• Six (6) years and one(1) day min. to twelve(12) years imprisonment
> Php. 100,000.00 to Php. 1, 000,000.00 fine

For Endangered species: > Four (4) and one (1) day to six (6) years
imprisonment A fine of a Php.
50,000.00 to Php.500,000.00
• For vulnerable species
➢Imprisonment 2 years and 1 day to four years
Fine of 30 thousand to 300 thousand php

For Threatened Species

➢One year and 1 days imprisonment
➢A fine of 20 thousand to 200 thousand php
R.A 7586
National
Integrated
Protected
Areas
 R.A 7586
National Integrated Protected Areas
Declaration of policy

to secure for the Filipino people of present and future

generations the perpetual existence of all native plants and
animals through the establishment of a comprehensive system
of integrated protected areas within the classification of national
park as provided for in the Constitution.
 R.A 7586
National Integrated Protected Areas
• Categories – The following categories of protected areas are
hereby established:
➢ Strict nature reserve;(ex. Lamao Forest Reserve in Bataan)
➢ Natural park; (ex. Hundred Islands Natural park)
➢ Natural monument;( ex. Chocolate hills)
➢ Wildlife sanctuary;(ex.Marinduque wildlife sanctuary)
➢ Protected landscapes and seascapes;(ex.Batanes Protected
Landscape and seascape)
➢g. Natural biotic areas; ( ex.Bangan Hill National Park)
 R.A 7586
National Integrated Protected Areas
• National Integrated Protected Areas System (NIPAS), which shall
encompass outstandingly remarkable areas and biologically important
public lands that are habitats of rare and endangered species of
plants and animals, biogeographic zones and related ecosystems,
whether terrestrial, wetland or marine, all of which shall be
designated as "protected areas".
 Prohibited Acts
➢Hunting, destroying, disturbing, or mere possession of any plants or
animals or products derived therefrom without a permit from the
Management Board;
➢Dumping of any waste products detrimental to the protected area, or
to the plants and animals or inhabitants therein;
➢Use of any motorized equipment without a permit from the
Management Board;
➢Mutilating, defacing or destroying objects of natural beauty, or
objects of interest to cultural communities (of scenic value);
➢Damaging and leaving roads and trails in a damaged condition;
➢f. Squatting, mineral locating, or otherwise occupying any land;
 Prohibited Acts

➢Constructing or maintaining any kind of structure, fence or

enclosures, conducting any business enterprise without a
permit;
➢Leaving in exposed or unsanitary conditions refuse or debris, or
depositing in ground or in bodies of water; and
➢Altering, removing destroying or defacing boundary marks or
signs
 Penalty
• fine of not less than P5,000 nor more than P500,000, exclusive of the
value of the thing damaged or imprisonment for not less than 1 year
but not more
• than 6 years, or both, as determined by the court: Provided, That, if
the area requires rehabilitation or restoration as determined by the
court, the offender shall also be required to restore or compensate
for the restoration to the damage: Provided, further, That the court
shall order the eviction of the offender from the land and the
forfeiture in favor of the Government of all minerals, timber or any
species collected or removed including all equipment, devices and
firearms used in connection therewith, and any construction or
improvement made made thereon by the offender.
 Penalty
If the offender is an association or corporation, the president or
manager shall be directly responsible for the act of his
employees and laborers: Provided, finally, That the DENR may impose
administrative fines and
penalties consistent with this Act.
 RECAP
R.A 10121 Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act of 2010
R.A 10344 Risk Reduction and Preparedness Equipment Protection Act
R.A 10821 Children’s Emergency Relief and Protection Act
R.A 8749 Philippine Clean Air Act
R.A 9211 Tobacco Regulation Act of 2003
R.A 6969 Toxic Substances and the Hazardous and Nuclear Wastes Control Act of 1990
R.A 9003 Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000
R.A 9147 Wildlife Resources and Conservation and Protection Act

R.A 7586 National Integrated Protected Areas

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