UACE PHYSICS PAPER 2018 GUIDE

Instructions to the candidates:

Answer five questions taking at least one from each of the sections A, B, C and D, but not more than
one question should be chosen from either section A or B

Any additional question (s) will not be marked.

Mathematical tables and squared paper will be provided

Non programmable calculators may be used.

Assume where necessary

Acceleration due to gravity, g 9.81ms-2

Electron charge, e 1.6 x10-19C

Electron mass 9.11 x 10-31kg

Plank’s constant, h 6.6 x 10-34Js

Speed of light in the vacuum, c 3.0 x 108ms-1

Specific heat capacity of water 4.200Jkg-1K-1

Avogadro’s number, NA 6.02 x 1023mol-1

1
The constant, 9.0 x 109F-1m
4𝜋𝜀0

Permittivity of free space, μ0 4.0π x 10-7Hm-1

Permittivity of free space, ε0 8.85 x 10-12Fm-1

One electron volt 1.6 x 10-19J

Resistivity of Nichrome wire at 250C 1.2 x 10-6Ωm

SECTION A

1. (a) Define the following as applied to telescope

(i) Eye-ring (01marks)
(ii) Magnifying power(01mark)

(b) What is the significance of the eye-ring of an astronomical telescope? (01mark)

(c) State two advantages of a reflecting telescope over a refracting telescope (02marks)

(d) The figure below shows an optical system consisting of two thin converging lenses
arranged coaxially. Lens A has a focal length of 40mm and lens B has a focal length of
375mm. an object O of height 5mm is placed 50mm from A. I1 is the real image of O and I2 is
the virtual image of I1 in B and is 250mm from B.

(i) Determine the value of distance, Y of image I1 from lens A (02marks)

(ii) Calculate the distance, x, between the images I1 and I2. (02marks)
(iii) Find the linear magnification produced by the lens system. (02marks)

(e) Name one defect of the image formed by a lens and explain how the defect is minimized
in practice. (03marks)

(f) Explain the following

(i) total internal reflection (03marks)

(ii) Formation of mirages (03marks)

2. (a) State the laws of refraction of light. (02marks)

(b) Derive an expression for refractive index of a prism in terms of the refractive angle A and
the angle of minimum deviation D. (05marks)
(c) A ray of light is refracted through a prism in a plane perpendicular to its edge. The angle of
incidence is 300 and the refractive index of the prism is 1.50. Calculate the angle of the prism
such that the ray does not emerge when it strikes the second face. (05marks)

(d) (i) Describe with the aid of a labelled diagram, the structure and operation of projection
lantern. (04marks)

(ii) A projector produces an image of area 2m2 on a screen placed 5m from the projection
lens. If the area of the object slide is 8cm2, calculate the focal length of the projection
lens. (02marks)
SECTION B

3. (a) define the following as applied to wave motion

(i) Amplitude (01mark)
(ii) Frequency (01mark)
(iii) Wavelength (01mark)
(iv) Derive the relationship between velocity, wavelength and frequency of a wave
(03marks)
𝑥
(b) The displacement, y, of a progressive wave is given as y= 2cos π(t- ); where x is horizontal
20
distance in meters and t is time in seconds.

Determine the

(i) Velocity of the wave (03marks)

(ii) Maximum velocity of particles of the medium. (02marks)
(c) (i) What is meant by the Doppler effect? (01marks)
(ii) A source of sound moving with velocity, u. approaches an observer moving with
velocity u0 in the same direction. Derive the expression for frequency of sound heard by
observer. (05marks)
(d) Two whistles are sounded simultaneously. The wavelengths of the sounds emitted are
5.5m and 6.0m respectively. Find the beat frequency if the speed of sound is 330ms-1.

4. (a) What is meant by the following as applied to light waves

(i) Diffraction (01mark)
(ii) Polarization (01mark)

(b) A diffraction grating of spacing d, is illuminated normally with light of wavelength, λ.

(i) Derive the condition for concurrence of diffraction maxima. (03marks)

(ii) Describe briefly the intensity distribution on screen placed beyond the grating (02marks)

(iii) What is the effect on diffraction pattern when grating with larger number of lines is used
(02marks)

(c) Light of wavelength 5.8 x 10-7m is incident on diffraction grating of 500 lines per mm. Find the
(i) Diffraction angle for second order image (03marks)
(ii) Maximum number of images formed. (02marks)
(d) (i) Describe how polarized light can be produced by reflection. (04marks)

(ii) List for used of polarized light.

SECTION C

5. (a) With the aid of a sketch graph, explain the hysteresis curve for ferromagnetic material
(07mark)
(b)(i) Describe with the aid of a labeled diagram, the structure and mode of action of a moving
coil galvanometer (06marks)

(i) Explain why eddy currents are useful in a moving coil galvanometer. (02marks)

(c) A conducting disc of radius 0.05m with its plane perpendicular to uniform magnetic field
of flux density 0.25T, rotates at 15 revolution per second about an axis through its
center and perpendicular to its plane.
Calculate
(i) Magnetic flux threading the disc at any time (03marks)

(ii) E.m.f generated between the center of the disc and any point on its rim.

6. (a) state Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction (01 mark)

(b) With the aid of a diagram describe an experiment to illustrate Lenz’s law of electromagnetic
induction. (05marks)
(c) Define magnetic moment of a coil. (01mark)

(d) A small circular coil of 20 turns of wire lies in a uniform magnetic field of flux density
5.0 x 10-2T. The normal to the coil makes an angle of 300 with the direction of the
magnetic field. If the radius of the coil is 4cm and the coil carries a current of 2.0A, find
the
(i) magnetic moment of the coil (02marks)

(ii) torque on the coil

(e) (i) State and define the unit of magnetic flux density.

(ii) Show that when the magnetic flux linking a coil changes, the total charge which passes
through is depends only on the resistance of the coil and total flux linking it (05marks).
(iii) State any two factors which determine the efficiency of a transformer. (01mark)

7. (a)(i) What is meant by capacitive reactance? (01mark)

(ii) Peak value of an alternating voltage. (01mark)

𝑉0
(iii) Show that the r.ms value of an alternating voltage is Vr.ms = , where V0 is the peak
√2
voltage (03marks)

(b) Distinguish between mutual and self-induction. 02marks)

(c)(i) Describe with the aid of a diagram, the structure and working of a.c. transformer
(02marks)
 (ii) Explain the steps taken to minimize power losses in electric power transformation.
(03marks)

(d) In figure below, P is a 6V lamp and Q is a coil of negligible resistance

(i) Explain which of the lamps in the figure above will be brighter when K is closed
(02marks)

(ii) Explain what happens when a soft iron core is introduced in the coil in each of the
circuit (03marks)

SECTION D

8. (a) Define the following as applied to a battery:

(i) Electromotive force

(ii) Internal resistance

(b) A battery of e.m.f E and internal resistance, r, is connected across a load of resistance, R.
Derive an expression for maximum power delivered to the load. (04marks)

(c) Determined how resistance of a resistor may be determined using a slide wire
potentiometer (05marks)

(d) Explain why the potentiometer is more suitable for measuring small resistance than
Wheatstone bridge (02marks)

(e) In the figure below, AB is a uniform resistance wire of resistance 2.0Ω, and length
100cm, E is a cell of e.m.f 1.5V and D is a driver cell of negligible internal resistance.
When switch K is closed the balance length AC is 82.5cm.

(i) Find e.m.f of D (03marks)

 (ii) If E and the galvanometer are replaced by a voltmeter of resistance 20.0Ω, find the
reading of the voltmeter when contact C is placed at the mid-point of AB and the
value of R is 1.0Ω.

9. (a) (i) Define electric field intensity and potential difference. (02marks)

(ii) Derive an expression for electric potential difference between two points a and b in the
field of a single point charge +Q (04marks

(b) Describe an experiment to show that when two dissimilar dielectrics are rubbed
together, they acquire equal but opposite charge.

(c) Two point charges of +5μF and -3μF are placed at points A and B as shown in the figure
below.

Calculate the

(i) Electric potential at P (03marks)

(ii) Work done in moving a charge -3μC from P to Q. (04marks)

(d) State any two characteristics of an equipotential (02marks)

10. (a) Define the following

(i) Capacitance (01mark)
(ii) Relative permittivity (01mark)

(b) Two capacitors of capacitances C1 and C2 are connected in series with a battery of e.m.f V as
shown below.
 If the p.d across the capacitor of capacitance C1 is V1 show that

1 1 1 𝐶1
= ( + )
𝑉1 𝐶1 𝐶2 𝑉

(c) Describe an experiment to determine the capacitance of a capacitor using a vibrating reed
circuit.

(d) A battery of e.m.f120V is connected to a network of capacitors as shown in the figure below

Calculate the

(i) Charge on C1 (04marks)

(ii) Energy stored in C5 (03marks)

(e) Describe how the effect of a dielectric medium on the capacitance of a capacitor may be
determined. (03marks)

End