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Student Name: Section Number

MOHAMED HASSAN ABDELMABOUD
Unit Number and Title: (AUT215) Traditional Transmission
Qualification Bachelor of Technology in Autotropic Technology (y2)
Academic Year: 2023/2024 Assessor Name: Assoc. Prof. Ashraf Salah
Internal Dr. Wael Saber
Assignment Title: Types and operation of gear box
Verifier Name:
Assignment No. 1 Issue Date: 8/11/2023
Submission 15/11/2023
Outdoor Submission Date:
Format: Type of
Evidence

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however innocently, may be penalised. It is your responsibility to ensure that you understand correct referencing
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Student Declaration
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I certify that the assignment submission is entirely my own work and I fully understand the consequences of plagiarism. I
understand that making a false declaration is a form of malpractice.

Also, I acknowledge that I have received the feedback about my work from the assessor.

Student signature: Date: / / 2023

FORMATIVE FEEDBACK

Assessor’s Formative Feedback: Confirm action completed:

Assessor Signature: Date: / / 2023

IV assessment brief approval

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 IV’s signature: Date: / / 2023

Learning Outcomes and Assessment Criteria:

Learning Outcome Pass Merit Distinction
LO1: Understand the P1 Explain the different M1 Compare between D1 Justify the use of a
construction and operation arrangement of vehicle the mechanical and specific clutch type for
of a vehicle clutch transmission, Identify, hydraulic linkage two different vehicle
mechanism. and describe the mechanisms. applications in terms of
function of the purpose, function, and
principal components performance.
of two different types
of clutches mechanism.
P2 Explain the
operating principles of
one type of clutch.
LO2: Understand the P3 Classify the different M2 Compare between D2 Evaluate the
construction and operation types of vehicle the sliding and performance a typical type
of a vehicle gearbox. gearbox. constant mech of gearbox.
P4 Explain the gearboxes.
operating principles of
two different types of
vehicle gearbox.

Scenario

You are a technology engineer working in a car service centre. You were asked to interview
applicants for a technician position at the centre, and there were two applicants. You ask
questions about real problems that come to the centre. Meanwhile, one of the customers was
complaining about some problems that are concentrated in the power transmission system, and
you responded after hearing... Complaint by asking some questions to applicants.

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 Task No.01
Create a proposal covering the following:
1. Explain the different arrangements of vehicle transmission.
2. Describe the function of the main components of two different types of clutches
mechanism.
3. Explain the operating principles of one type of clutchs.
4. Compare between the mechanical and hydraulic linkage mechanisms.
5. Justify the use of a specific clutch type for two different vehicle applications in terms
of purpose, function, and performance.
6. Classify the different types of vehicle gearbox.
7. Compare between the sliding and constant mech gearboxes.
8. Evaluate the performance a typical type of gearbox.

Sources of information
• Class handouts and learning materials.
• Individual research.
• Workshops

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 Higher Nationals - Summative Assignment Feedback Form
Student Name Section Number

Unit Title

Assignment Number 1 Assignment Title

Assessor Summative Feedback: Feedback should be against the learning outcomes and assessment criteria to
help students understand how these inform the process of judging the overall grade. *Should be constructive and useful
including:
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assessment criteria

a) Strengths of performance

b) Limitations of performance

c) Any improvements needed in future assessments

Assessor Signature: Date: / / 2023

Actual Date
/ / 2023 / / 2023
Re-submission Date Received Re -
submission
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Signature: Date: / / 2023

* Please note that grade decisions are provisional. They are only confirmed once internal and external moderation has
taken place and grades decisions have been agreed at the assessment board.

Summative Assignment Feedback Form

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1. Explain the different arrangements of vehicle transmission.
Types of transmission arrangements:

 Front-wheel drive (FWD): In a FWD vehicle, the engine and transmission

are located at the front of the vehicle and the power is transferred to the
front wheels. FWD vehicles are typically lighter and more fuel-efficient than
other types of vehicles, but they may not have as much traction in slippery
conditions.
 Rear-wheel drive (RWD): In a RWD vehicle, the engine and transmission
are located at the front of the vehicle and the power is transferred to the
rear wheels. RWD vehicles are typically heavier and less fuel-efficient than
FWD vehicles, but they offer better traction in slippery conditions.
 All-wheel drive (AWD): In an AWD vehicle, the engine and transmission
can transfer power to all four wheels. This makes AWD vehicles ideal for
driving in slippery or off-road conditions. However, AWD vehicles are typically heavier and less fuel-efficient than other
types of vehicles.
 Four-wheel drive (4WD): 4WD vehicles are similar to AWD vehicles, but they typically have a lower range that can be
used for off-road driving.

2. Describe the function of the main components of two different types of clutches mechanism.

Components of a mechanical clutch:

 Pressure plate: The pressure plate is a metal plate that is attached to the flywheel or driven shaft. It
has a spring-loaded diaphragm that presses against the clutch disc.
 Clutch disc: The clutch disc is a metal disc that is lined with friction material. It is connected to the
input shaft and transmits power to the output shaft when the clutch is engaged.
 Throwout bearing: The throwout bearing is a bearing that is attached to the clutch fork. It presses
against the pressure plate to disengage the clutch.
 Clutch fork: The clutch fork is a pivot arm that is attached to the clutch pedal. It presses against the
throwout bearing to disengage the clutch.

Components of a hydraulic clutch:

 Master cylinder: The master cylinder is a pump that is activated by the clutch pedal. It converts the
force of the pedal into hydraulic pressure.
 Slave cylinder: The slave cylinder is a piston that is connected to the pressure plate. It receives
hydraulic pressure from the master cylinder and disengages the clutch.
 Hydraulic line: The hydraulic line connects the master cylinder to the slave cylinder. It carries
hydraulic pressure from the master cylinder to the slave cylinder
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3. Explain the operating principles of one type of clutchs.

Single-plate clutches are the most common type of clutch used in vehicles today. They

consist of three main components:

 Flywheel: A heavy metal disc that is attached to the engine crankshaft. It stores rotational energy and helps to smooth
out the engine's power delivery.
 Friction disc: A disc made of a material with high friction on both sides. It is sandwiched between the flywheel and
the pressure plate.
 Pressure plate: A plate that presses the friction disc against the flywheel to transmit power from the engine to the
transmission. It is released when the clutch pedal is pressed, which disengages the clutch.
Operating principles of a single-plate clutch:
1. When the clutch pedal is not pressed, the pressure plate is clamped against the friction disc by a spring. This forces the
friction disc against the flywheel, which transmits power from the engine to the transmission.
2. When the clutch pedal is pressed, the pressure plate is released from the friction disc. This disengages the clutch and
interrupts the power flow from the engine to the transmission.
3. This allows the gears to be shifted without grinding.
4. To engage the clutch, the clutch pedal is released. This allows the spring to clamp the pressure plate against the friction
disc again, which re-engages the clutch and transmits power from the engine to the transmission.
Advantages of single-plate clutches:
 Simple in design
 Lightweight and inexpensive
 Easy to operate and maintain
Disadvantages of single-plate clutches:
 Can only transmit a limited amount of torque
 Prone to slippage under high load
 Can experience chatter, which is a vibration that occurs when the clutch is disengaged
Applications:
Single-plate clutches are typically used in cars and light trucks with smaller engines. They are also used in some motorcycles
and scooters.
Here are some examples of vehicles that use single-plate clutches:
 Honda Civic
 Toyota Corolla
 Ford Focus
 Chevrolet Cruze
 Mazda3
 Nissan Sentra

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4. Compare between the mechanical and hydraulic linkage mechanisms.

Comparison Between Mechanical and Hydraulic Linkage Mechanisms

Mechanical Linkage Mechanism

Definition: A mechanical linkage mechanism is a system of rigid bodies connected by joints that transmit
motion and force from one part of a machine to another.

Advantages:
Simple design
Low cost
Easy to maintain
Disadvantages:
Limited range of motion
High friction
Backlash
Hydraulic Linkage Mechanism

Definition: A hydraulic linkage mechanism is a system that uses hydraulic fluid to transmit motion and
force from one part of a machine to another.
Advantages:
Long range of motion
Low friction
No backlash
Disadvantages:
Complex design
Higher cost
More difficult to maintain

5. Justify the use of a specific clutch type for two different vehicle applications in
terms of purpose, function, and performance

Vehicle application 1: High-performance sports car

Clutch type: Multi-plate clutch

Purpose: To transmit the high torque output of the engine to the transmission without slipping, while
also being lightweight and compact.
Function: Multi-plate clutches use multiple pairs of friction discs and pressure plates to transmit torque.
This increases the surface area of the clutch, which allows it to transmit more torque.
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Performance: Multi-plate clutches are able to handle the high torque output of high-performance sports
cars without slipping. They are also able to engage and disengage quickly, which is important for
performance driving.

Vehicle application 2: Heavy-duty truck

Clutch type: Single-plate clutch with heavy-duty friction disc
Purpose: To transmit the high torque output of the engine to the transmission without slipping, even
under heavy load.
Function: Single-plate clutches use a single friction disc and pressure plate to transmit torque. This makes
them simpler and less expensive to produce than multi-plate clutches. However, single-plate clutches can
only transmit a limited amount of torque.
To make a single-plate clutch suitable for heavy-duty applications, a heavy-duty friction disc is used. This
type of friction disc is made of a material that can withstand the high temperatures and wear that occur in
heavy-duty applications.
Performance: Single-plate clutches with heavy-duty friction discs are able to transmit the high torque
output of heavy-duty trucks without slipping. They are also relatively durable and can withstand the wear
and tear of heavy-duty use.

6. Classify the different types of vehicle gearbox.

Manual Transmission: This type of gearbox requires the driver to manually shift gears using a
gear lever and clutch pedal. Manual transmissions typically have multiple forward gears (commonly 5 or 6)
and a reverse gear. They offer direct control over gear selection and are often preferred by driving
enthusiasts.
: Automatic transmissions are designed to shift gears automatically, without the need for manual
gear shifting by the driver. They use a torque converter or a dual-clutch system to smoothly shift gears
based on factors such as vehicle speed, engine load, and throttle input. Automatic transmissions provide
convenient and smooth gear changes, making them popular in a wide range of vehicles.

Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT): CVTs use a system of belts or pulleys to provide an
infinite number of gear ratios within a specific range. Unlike traditional gearboxes with fixed gear ratios,
CVTs can continuously vary the gear ratio to optimize engine performance and fuel efficiency. They offer
seamless acceleration and improved fuel economy, making them common in smaller cars and some
hybrid vehicles.

7. Compare between the sliding and constant mech gearboxes.

Comparison Between Sliding and Constant Mesh Gearboxes

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Sliding Mesh Gearbox

Definition: A sliding mesh gearbox is a type of manual transmission in which the gears are engaged by
sliding them into mesh with each other.
Advantages:Simple design

Low cost
Easy to maintain
Disadvantages:
Noisy operation
Difficult to shift gears smoothly
Not suitable for high-power applications

Constant Mesh Gearbox

Definition: A constant mesh gearbox is a type of manual transmission in which the gears are in constant

mesh with each other.Advantages:

Quiet operation
Easy to shift gears smoothly
Suitable for high-power applications
Disadvantages:
Complex design
Higher cost
More difficult to maintain
Applications

Sliding mesh gearboxes are commonly used in low-power applications, such as small cars and
motorcycles. Constant mesh gearboxes are commonly used in high-power applications, such as trucks
and buses.

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 8. Evaluate the performance a typical type of gearbox.

1. Efficiency: The efficiency of a gearbox is a measure of how much of the input power is transferred
to the output shaft. A gearbox with high efficiency will waste less energy and improve the overall
efficiency of the system.

2. Noise level: Gearboxes can generate noise due to the engagement and disengagement of gears. A
gearbox with low noise level is more comfortable to operate and can reduce noise pollution.

3. Shift quality: The shift quality of a gearbox refers to the smoothness and ease of shifting gears. A
gearbox with good shift quality will allow for smooth and seamless gear changes.

4. Durability: The durability of a gearbox refers to its ability to withstand wear and tear over time. A
durable gearbox will require less maintenance and have a longer lifespan.

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