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The document discusses methods in Java. It explains what methods are, how to define and call methods, pass arguments to methods, scope of variables in methods, and examples of using methods with strings, arrays, and other data types. It provides tasks for students to write methods to count vowels, check palindromes, sum digits, and find prime numbers.

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16 views4 pages

File 61

The document discusses methods in Java. It explains what methods are, how to define and call methods, pass arguments to methods, scope of variables in methods, and examples of using methods with strings, arrays, and other data types. It provides tasks for students to write methods to count vowels, check palindromes, sum digits, and find prime numbers.

Uploaded by

axe.dos.xda
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CSE 215L: Programming language II Lab

Lab - 04 [Methods] Spring - 2023


Lab Instructor: Kazi Mosaddequr

Objectives:

● To learn about methods in Java


● To learn how to solve a problem using single or multiple methods

Methods:
A Java method is a collection of statements that are grouped together to perform some
specific task with or without returning anything to the caller. A method definition consists of
its method name, parameters, return value type, and body. The syntax for defining a method
is as follows:

modifier returnValueType methodName(list of parameters) {


// Method body;
}

The following figure below illustrates each component of a method.

The following code shows how to define and call a method in Java.

public class Method1 {

public static void main(String[] args) {


int x = 10, y = 20;
maxPrint(x, y); // calling method

int m = max(x, y); // calling method


System.out.println("Max Value: " + m);
}

// Method without return statement

1
public static void maxPrint(int num1, int num2) {
if (num1>num2)
System.out.println("Max: " + num1);
else
System.out.println("Max: " + num2);
}

// Method with return statement


public static int max(int num1, int num2) {
int result;

if (num1>num2)
result = num1;
else
result = num2;

return result;
}
}

Passing Arguments by Values: When calling a method we need to provide arguments,


which must be given in the same order as their respective parameters in the method
signature. This is known as parameter order association. However, when we invoke a
method with an argument, the value of the argument is passed to the parameter. This is
referred to as pass-by-value. Java always maintains the rule of pass-by-value. The following
code shows how java maintains pass-by-value rules.

public class Method2 {

public static void main(String[] args) {


int x = 5, y = 10;
swap(x, y);
System.out.println("Outside the method: " + x + ", " + y);
}

public static void swap(int a, int b){


int temp = a;
a = b;
b = temp;
System.out.println("Inside the method: " + a + ", " + b);
}
}

The Scope of Variables: A variable defined inside a method is referred to as a local


variable. The scope of a local variable starts from its declaration and continues to the end of
the block that contains the variable. A local variable must be declared and assigned a value
before it can be used. However, a parameter is actually a local variable. The scope of a
method parameter covers the entire method. The following figure shows that a variable can
be declared multiple times in non-nested blocks, but only once in the nested blocks.

2
String and Method: The following code shows how to pass a string as an argument and
manipulate that string in Java.

public class Method3 {

public static void main(String[] args) {


String userOne = userInfo("Md. Mustafizur Rahman",
"rahman.mustafiz132@northsouth.edu",
"Malibagh, Dhaka-1219");
System.out.println(userOne);
}

public static String userInfo(String name, String email, String add) {


String thanksMsg = "Hello, "
+ name
+ ". Thanks for running the code.\n\n"
+ "Your information given below:\n";

String userInformation = "Name: " + name


+ "\nemail: " + email
+ "\nAddress: " + add;

return thanksMsg.concat(userInformation);
}
}

Array and Method: In Java, array is passed as a reference. The following code shows how
to pass an array as an argument and reverse the elements of that array using methods.

public class Method4 {

public static void main(String[] args) {


int[] numberList = {1,2,3,4,5,6};
reverseArr(numberList);

for(int i=0; i<numberList.length; i++)


System.out.print(numberList[i] + ", ");
}

public static void reverseArr(int[] arr) {


int arrLen = arr.length;

3
for(int i=0; i<arrLen/2; i++) {
int temp = arr[i];
arr[i] = arr[arrLen-1-i];
arr[arrLen-1-i] = temp;
}
}
}

Lab Tasks:
1. Write a method countVowels(String sentence) that takes a String as a parameter
and returns the number of vowels.

Sample String Sample Output

“Hello, Can you count NO Of vowels” Vowels: 11

2. Write a method isPalindrome(String input) that determines if a String is a


palindrome or not and in the main class takes a string as user input. A palindrome is
when a String remains the same after reversing. The method should return the
Boolean type.

Sample Input Sample Output

Enter a string or number: 12321 12321 is a palindrome!

Enter a string or number: AOBBOA AOBBOA is a palindrome!

Enter a string or number: SUJIT SUJIT is not a palindrome!

3. Write a method sumDigit() that takes an integer and returns the sum of digits.

Sample Number Sample Output

num = 1234 Sum of digits: 10

4. Write a method isPrime() that takes an integer and returns true if it’s prime or false
otherwise. Then using isPrime() method write another method generatePrime() that
takes two integers and prints all the prime numbers in that range.

Method call in Main Sample Output

Prime number between 0 to 100


2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, 37,
generatePrime(0, 100)
41, 43, 47, 53, 59, 61, 67, 71, 73, 79, 83,
89, 97,

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