MALAYSIA

Asian Development Bank (ADB)

Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2023
https://kidb.adb.org

POPULATION
Total populationa as of 1 July (million)
Population density (persons/km²)
Population (% annual change)
Urban population (% of total population)

LABOR FORCEb calendar year ('000)

Employed
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing
Mining and quarrying
Manufacturing
Electricity, gas, steam, and air-conditioning supply; water supply;
sewerage, waste management, and remediation activities
Construction
Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles c
Transportation and storaged
Accommodation and food service activities
Information and communication
Financial and insurance activitiese
Real estate activities
Other servicesf
Underemployed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate (%)
Labor force (% annual change)
Labor force participation rate (%)
Male
Female

NATIONAL ACCOUNTS calendar year (RM million)

At Current Prices
GDP by industrial origin at current market prices
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing
Mining and quarrying
Manufacturing
Electricity, gas, steam, and air-conditioning supply
Water supply; sewerage, waste management, and remediation activities
Construction

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 Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles g
Transportation and storageh
Accommodation and food service activities i
Information and communicationj
Financial and insurance activities
Real estate activities
Professional, scientific, and technical activities
Administrative and support service activities
Public administration and defense; compulsory social security
Education
Human health and social work activities
Arts, entertainment, and recreation
Other service activities
Activities of households as employers; undifferentiated goods- and
services-producing activities of households for own use
Activities of extraterritorial organizations and bodies
Gross value added at basic prices
Less: Financial intermediation services indirectly measured k
Plus: Taxes on imports
Net factor income from abroad
GNI

Structure of Output (% of GDP at current producer prices)

Agriculture
Industry
Services

Expenditure on GDP at current market prices

Final consumption expenditure
Household final consumption
NPISHs final consumption
Government final consumption
Gross capital formation
Gross fixed capital formation
Public
Private
Changes in inventoriesl
Acquisitions less disposals of valuables
Exports of goods and services
Exports of goods
Exports of services
Less: Imports of goods and services
Imports of goods
Imports of services
Statistical discrepancy

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 Structure of Demand (% of GDP at current market prices)
Household final consumptionm
Government final consumption
Gross capital formation
Changes in inventoriesl
Exports of goods and services
Imports of goods and services
Statistical discrepancy

At Constant Prices
GDP by industrial origin at 2000 | 2005 | 2010 | 2015 market prices
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing
Mining and quarrying
Manufacturing
Electricity, gas, steam, and air-conditioning supply
Water supply; sewerage, waste management, and remediation activities
Construction
Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles g
Transportation and storageh
Accommodation and food service activities i
Information and communicationj
Financial and insurance activities
Real estate activities
Professional, scientific, and technical activities
Administrative and support service activities
Public administration and defense; compulsory social security
Education
Human health and social work activities
Arts, entertainment, and recreation
Other service activities
Activities of households as employers; undifferentiated goods- and
services-producing activities of households for own use
Activities of extraterritorial organizations and bodies
Gross value added at basic prices
Less: Financial intermediation services indirectly measured k
Plus: Taxes on imports
Net factor income from abroad
GNI

Growth of Output (% annual change)

GDP
Agriculture
Industry
Services

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 Expenditure on GDP at 2000 | 2005 | 2010 | 2015 market prices
Final consumption expenditure
Household final consumption
NPISHs final consumption
General government final consumption
Gross capital formation
Gross fixed capital formation
Public
Private
Changes in inventoriesl
Acquisitions less disposals of valuables
Exports of goods and services
Exports of goods
Exports of services
Imports of goods and services
Imports of goods
Imports of services
Statistical discrepancy

Growth of Demand (% annual change)

Household final consumptionm
Government final consumption
Gross capital formation
Exports of goods and services
Imports of goods and services

Investment Financing at Current Prices

Gross capital formation
Gross national saving
Gross domestic savingn
Net factor income from abroado
Net current transfers from abroadp

Savings and Investment (% of GDP at current market prices)

Gross domestic saving
Gross national saving
Gross capital formation

At Current Market Prices (RM)

Per capita GDP
Per capita GNI

PRODUCTION INDEXES period averages

Agriculture; 2014–2016 = 100

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 Mining; 2005 | 2010 | 2015 = 100
Manufacturing; 2005 | 2010 | 2015 = 100

ENERGY annual values

Crude petroleum (t '000)
Production
Exports
Imports
Consumption

Coal (t '000)
Production
Exports
Imports
Consumption

Electricity (kWh million)

Production
Exports
Imports
Consumption

Retail prices (RM/L)

Gasoline, premium
Diesel

PRICE INDEXES period averages

Consumer; 2010 = 100
Food and nonalcoholic beverages
Alcoholic beverages, tobacco, and narcotics
Clothing and footwear
Housing, water, electricity, gas, and other fuels
Furnishings, household equipment, and routine household maintenance
Health
Transport
Communication
Recreation and culture
Education
Restaurants and hotels
Miscellaneous goods and services
Producerq; 2000 | 2005 | 2010 = 100
Implicit GDP deflator; 2000 | 2005 | 2010 | 2015 = 100

Price Indexes (% annual change)

Consumer price index

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 Food and nonalcoholic beverages price index
Producer price index
Implicit GDP deflator

MONEY AND INTEREST RATESr as of end of period (RM million)

Money supply (M1)
Currency in circulation
Demand deposits
Quasi-money
Money supply (M2)
Money supply (M3)
Foreign assets (net)
Domestic credit
Claims on government sector (net)
Claims on private sector
Other items

Money Supply (M3) (% annual change)

M3 (% of GDP at current market prices)

Deposit Money Banks

Demand deposits
Savings deposits
Time depositss
Loans and advancest

Interest Rates period averages (% per annum)

On deposits
Savings
Time: 6 months
12 months

GOVERNMENT FINANCE fiscal year ending 31 December (RM million)

Central Government
Revenue
Taxes
Taxes on income, profits, and capital gains
Payable by individuals
Payable by corporations and other enterprises
Other taxes on income, profits, and capital gains
Taxes on payroll and workforce
Taxes on property
Taxes on goods and services
Taxes on international trade and transaction
Other taxes

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 Social contributions
Grants
Other revenue
Expense
Compensation of employees
Use of goods and services
Consumption of fixed capital
Interest
Subsidies
Grants
Social benefits
Other expense
Net operating balance
Gross operating balance
Transactions in Nonfinancial Assets
Net/gross investment in nonfinancial assets
Fixed assets
Inventories
Valuables
Nonproduced assets
Expenditure
Net lending/Net borrowing
Primary balance
Transactions in Financial Assets and Liabilities (Financing)
Net acquisition of financial assets
Domestic
External
Net incurrence of liabilities
Domestic
External

Government Finance (% of GDP at current market prices)

Revenue
Taxes
Taxes payable by individuals
Taxes payable by corporations and other enterprises
Expenditure
Net lending/Net borrowing
Primary balance

Expenditure by Function, Central Government

Total expenditure
General public services
Defense
Public order and safety

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 Economic affairs
Environmental protection
Housing and community amenities
Health
Recreation, culture, and religion
Education
Social protection

Expenditure by Function (% of GDP at current market prices)

Education
Health
Social protection

EXTERNAL TRADE calendar year (RM million)

Exports, fob
Imports, cif
Trade balance

External Trade (% annual change)

Exports
Imports

Direction of Trade calendar year ($ million)

Exports, total
1. China, People's Republic of
2. Singapore
3. United States
4. Hong Kong, China
5. Japan
6. Thailand
7. India
8. Viet Nam
9. Taipei,China
10. Korea, Republic of

Imports, total
1. China, People's Republic of
2. Singapore
3. United States
4. Taipei,China
5. Japan
6. Indonesia
7. Korea, Republic of
8. Thailand
9. Germany

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 10. India

BALANCE OF PAYMENTSu calendar year ($ million)

Current account
Balance on goods
Exports
Imports
Balance on services
Credit
Debit
Balance on primary income
Credit
Debit
Balance on secondary income
Credit
Debit
Capital account
Credit
Debit
Financial account
Direct investment
Portfolio investment
Financial derivatives
Other investment
Net errors and omissions
Overall balance
Reserves and related items
International investment position

Balance of Payments (% of GDP at current market prices)

Exports
Imports
Balance on goods
Balance on services
Current account balance
Overall balance

INTERNATIONAL RESERVES as of end of period ($ million)

Total
Gold, national valuation
Foreign exchange
Reserve position in the IMF
SDRs

EXCHANGE RATES (RM–$)

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 End of period
Average of period

… = data not available; | = marks break in the series; – = magnitude equals zero; * = provisional, preliminary, estimate; 0 or 0.0
kilometer; kWh = kilowatt-hour; L = liter; NPISHs = nonprofit institutions serving households; RM = ringgit; SDRs = special draw

a For 2020–2022, data refer to the mid-year population estimates based on the 2020 Population and Housing Census of Mala

b Starting from the Labour Force Survey 2019, Malaysia adopted the 19th International Conference of Labour Statisticians (IC
c For 2000, data refer to wholesale and retail trade; and restaurants and hotels.
d For 2000–2009, data refer to transport, storage, and communication.
e For 2000, data refer to finance, insurance, real estate, and business services. For 2001–2009, data refer to financial interm
f For 2000, data refer to community, social, and personal services. For 2001–2009, data refer to water supply; sewerage, wa
activities; arts, entertainment, and recreation; other service activities; activities of households as employers; and activities
households with employed persons; and extraterritorial organizations and bodies.

g For 2000–2009, includes accommodation and food service activities.

h For 2000–2009, includes information and communication.
i For 2000–2009, included in wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles.
j For 2000–2009, included in transportation and storage.
k For 2005 onward, the volume of financial intermediation services indirectly measured has been distributed by type of econo
l Inclusive of valuables and statistical discrepancy.
m Includes NPISHs final consumption.
n Estimated as the difference between GDP by industrial origin at current market prices and the sum of household consumpti
o For 2005 onward, refers to the balance of primary income.
p Same as net current transfer data from the balance of payments.
q Data refer to the producer price index for local production.
r Data compilation was based on a new statistical reporting system, which follows the fixing of the ringgit–United States doll
Malaysia's records. In April 2007, money supply (M3) was revised to include "other deposits."
s For 2007 onward, refers to fixed deposits, special investment deposits, general investment deposits, and Tawarruq fixed de
t Refers to loans by commercial and Islamic banks, and includes loans sold to Cagamas (the national mortgage corporation o
u Prior to 2005, follows the IMF's Balance of Payments Manual (fifth edition). For 2005 onward, follows the IMF's Balance of P

Sources:

Population

Labor Force

National Accounts

Production Indexes

Agriculture

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 Mining
Manufacturing

Energy

Consumption

Price Indexes

Money and Interest Rates

Government Finance

External Trade

Direction of Trade

Balance of Payments

International Reserves

Exchange Rates

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lớp:232_71ECON20033_16
nhóm

chỉ tiêu ký hiệu

dân số

Lực lượng lao động

Số người có việc làm

Số người thất nghiệp

Tỷ lệ thất nghiệp U
Lực lượng lao động( Tỉ lệ gia tăng hàng năm)
Tỷ lệ tham gia lực lượng lao động

CÁC TÀI KHOẢN QUỐC GIA

Theo giá hiện hành
GDP theo giá thị trường hiện hành = GDP danh nghĩa GDPn

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Thu nhập yếu tố ròng từ nước ngoài (NFP) NFFI
Tổng thu nhập quốc gia GNPn=GNI

Cơ cấu GDP (% của GDP tính theo giá hiện hành)

Nông nghiệp
Công nghiệp
Dịch vụ

Chi tiêu trên GDP theo giá thị trường hiện hành GDP danh nghĩa
Chi tiêu tiêu dùng cuối cùng
Tiêu dùng cuối cùng của hộ gia đình C

Tiêu dùng cuối cùng của chính phủ G

Tổng vốn đầu tư I
Tổng vốn đầu tư cho tài sản cố định

Thay đổi trong hàng tồn kho

Xuất khẩu hàng hóa và dịch vụ

Xuất khẩu hàng hóa
Xuất khẩu dịch vụ
Trừ: Nhập khẩu hàng hóa và dịch vụ
Nhập khẩu hàng hóa
Nhập khẩu dịch vụ
Sai số thống kê

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Cơ cấu của tổng cầu ( % của GDP tính theo giá hiện hành)

Sai số thống kê

Tính theo giá cố định Gía cố dinh

GDP tính theo giá cố định= GDP thực GDPr

Thu nhập yếu tố ròng từ nước ngoài NFFI= NFIA

Tổng thu nhập quốc gia GNI

Tốc độ tăng trưởng GDP

Tốc độ tăng trưởng ngành nông nghiệp
Tốc độ tăng trưởng ngành công nghiệp
Tốc độ tăng trưởng ngành dịch vụ

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Chi tiêu trên GDP theo giá thị trường năm gốc 2000/2005/2010/2015

Tài trợ đầu tư theo giá hiện hành

Tổng vốn đầu tư I
Tổng tiết kiệm quốc gia Sn
Tổng tiết kiệm nội địa Sd
Thu nhập yếu tố ròng từ nước ngoài NFFI
Chuyển giao ròng từ nước ngoài NTr

Tiết kiệm và Đầu tư ( %GDP danh nghĩa)

Tổng tiết kiệm nội địa
Tổng tiết kiệm quốc gia
Tổng vốn đầu tư

Theo giá thị trường hiện hành

GDP bình quân đầu người
GNI bình quân đầu người

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Các chỉ số giá -

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 * = provisional, preliminary, estimate; 0 or 0.0 = magnitude is less than half of unit employed; $ = United States dollars; cif = cost, insuranc
useholds; RM = ringgit; SDRs = special drawing rights; t = metric ton.

2020 Population and Housing Census of Malaysia. For 2010–2019, data refer to the mid-year population estimates based on the 2010 Pop

ational Conference of Labour Statisticians (ICLS) resolution concerning statistics of work, employment and labor underutilization.

For 2001–2009, data refer to financial intermediation.

09, data refer to water supply; sewerage, waste management, and remediation activities; professional, scientific, and technical activities; ad
s of households as employers; and activities of extraterritorial organizations and bodies. For 2010 onward, data refer to public administra
es.

s and motorcycles.

asured has been distributed by type of economic activity.

t prices and the sum of household consumption expenditure and government consumption expenditure.

ws the fixing of the ringgit–United States dollar exchange rate at RM3.80 = $1.00. All assets and liabilities in foreign currencies have been
other deposits."
l investment deposits, and Tawarruq fixed deposits.
Cagamas (the national mortgage corporation of Malaysia).
r 2005 onward, follows the IMF's Balance of Payments and International Investment Position Manual (sixth edition). Figures were converted

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 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

23.49 24.03 24.54 25.04 25.54 26.05

71 73 74 76 77 79
2.5 2.4 2.3 2.1 2.1 2.1
62.0 62.9 63.8 64.8 65.6 66.5

9,556 9,699 9,887 10,240 10,346 10,413

9,269 9,357 9,543 9,870 9,980 10,045
1,552 1,416 1,425 1,408 1,453 1,470
28 27 28 30 35 36
2,174 2,184 2,069 2,131 2,023 1,989

49 57 51 58 58 57
760 830 905 943 891 904
1,787 1,458 1,497 1,592 1,607 1,620
434 468 497 482 533 545
… 585 616 644 698 672
… … … … … …
474 225 241 223 236 247
… 349 397 404 459 459
2,010 1,758 1,819 1,955 1,988 2,045
… … … … … …
287 342 345 370 367 368
3.0 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.5 3.5
4.4 1.5 1.9 3.6 1.0 0.6
65.4 64.9 64.4 65.2 64.4 63.3
83.0 82.3 81.5 82.1 80.9 80.0
47.2 46.8 46.7 47.7 47.2 45.9

356,401 352,579 383,213 418,769 474,048 543,578

30,647 28,245 34,432 38,971 43,949 44,912
37,617 33,945 34,169 41,918 56,881 72,111
109,998 103,434 112,076 125,332 144,007 149,754
10,629 11,281 11,970 12,607 13,711 14,076

13,971 14,241 14,673 15,200 15,458 16,107

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 47,934 49,201 51,327 53,062 59,401 74,642
24,898 26,488 28,197 30,172 33,319 36,434

48,287 50,986 55,829 57,914 60,531 66,015

22,576 24,104 27,450 29,569 31,827 35,656

21,324 22,594 23,810 24,891 26,099 27,500

… … … … … …
… … … … … …
367,881 364,519 393,933 429,636 485,183 …
17,308 17,594 17,324 17,374 17,531 …
5,826 5,653 6,605 6,507 6,396 6,372
-28,909 -25,623 -25,061 -22,537 -24,402 -23,943
327,492 326,956 358,152 396,232 449,646 519,635

8.3 7.7 8.7 9.1 9.1 8.4

46.8 44.7 43.9 45.4 47.4 46.9
44.9 47.6 47.4 45.5 43.5 44.7

356,400 352,580 383,212 418,769 474,047 543,578

192,170 205,066 222,141 240,980 268,206 302,556
155,941 162,618 172,485 186,674 208,571 240,188

36,229 42,448 49,656 54,306 59,635 62,368

95,756 86,023 94,950 95,326 109,266 121,742
90,141 88,580 89,995 93,864 99,336 121,237
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
5,615 -2,557 4,955 1,462 9,930 505
… … … … … …
427,003 389,256 415,040 447,846 546,925 613,694
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
358,529 327,765 348,919 365,383 450,350 494,414
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
– – – – – –

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 43.8 46.1 45.0 44.6 44.0 44.2
10.2 12.0 13.0 13.0 12.6 11.5
26.9 24.4 24.8 22.8 23.0 22.4
1.6 -0.7 1.3 0.3 2.1 0.1
119.8 110.4 108.3 106.9 115.4 112.9
100.6 93.0 91.1 87.3 95.0 91.0
– – – – – –

356,400 358,246 377,559 399,413 426,508 | 543,579

30,647 30,594 31,471 33,369 34,929 | 44,912
37,617 36,980 38,610 40,959 42,627 | 72,111
109,998 105,301 109,640 119,687 131,127 | 149,754
10,629 11,062 11,759 12,282 13,100 | 14,076

13,971 14,427 14,762 15,031 14,903 | 16,107

47,934 48,974 50,986 51,965 56,441 | 74,642
24,898 26,409 27,442 28,620 30,973 | 36,434

48,287 50,570 55,392 58,011 60,775 | 66,015

22,576 23,583 24,816 26,693 28,243 | 35,656

21,324 22,223 23,105 23,996 24,996 | 27,500

… … … … … …
… … … … … …
367,881 370,123 387,983 410,613 438,114 | …
17,308 17,505 17,018 17,654 17,705 | …
5,826 5,629 6,594 6,453 6,099 | 6,372
-28,909 -26,506 -25,888 -22,605 -23,670 | -23,942
327,492 331,740 351,671 376,809 402,838 | 519,637

8.9 0.5 5.4 5.8 6.8 5.3

6.1 -0.2 2.9 6.0 4.7 2.6
13.6 -2.6 4.2 7.5 7.3 3.6
6.0 4.1 5.8 4.2 6.4 7.3

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 356,400 358,246 377,558 399,413 426,507 | 543,578
192,170 202,580 213,785 231,362 253,025 | 302,556
155,941 160,662 166,883 180,423 198,193 | 240,188

36,229 41,918 46,902 50,939 54,832 | 62,368

95,756 86,832 93,699 92,283 98,614 | 121,742
90,141 88,282 88,792 91,317 94,562 | 121,237
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
5,615 -1,450 4,907 966 4,052 | 505
… … … … … …
427,003 397,838 419,430 440,963 511,774 | 613,694
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
358,529 329,004 349,356 365,195 436,906 | 494,414
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
– – – – –| –

13.0 3.0 3.9 8.1 9.8 9.1

1.6 15.7 11.9 8.6 7.6 6.5
29.2 -9.3 7.9 -1.5 6.9 -2.5
16.1 -6.8 5.4 5.1 16.1 8.3
24.4 -8.2 6.2 4.5 19.6 8.9

95,756 86,023 94,950 95,326 109,266 121,742

128,008 113,713 125,444 145,952 166,568 200,109
164,230 147,514 161,071 177,789 205,841 241,022
-28,909 -25,623 -25,061 -22,537 -24,402 -23,943
-7,313 -8,178 -10,566 -9,300 -14,871 -16,970

46.1 41.8 42.0 42.5 43.4 44.3

35.9 32.3 32.7 34.9 35.1 36.8
26.9 24.4 24.8 22.8 23.0 22.4

15,172 14,672 15,616 16,724 18,561 20,870

13,942 13,606 14,595 15,824 17,606 19,951

65.0 66.6 68.0 73.2 77.5 80.8

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 86.9 89.5 91.1 96.0 101.7 100.0
77.3 72.3 76.1 84.4 95.1 100.0

32,784 31,993 33,545 35,437 36,712 33,787

16,672 15,118 16,192 17,913 18,295 18,390
6,963 8,559 6,845 7,991 7,888 9,121
… 24,806 23,628 27,364 26,274 …

383 498 353 175 389 789

5 9 6 1 24 63
2,677 3,706 5,340 6,353 9,555 10,303
… 4,156 5,251 4,623 13,275 …

66,686 72,280 75,328 84,022 90,661 96,214

18 5 12 193 953 1,814
1 17 7 0 – –
62,350 64,954 68,802 73,483 78,804 83,219

1.10 1.19 1.28 1.32 1.35 1.50

0.67 0.72 0.73 0.77 0.80 1.10

80.4 81.5 83.0 83.9 85.2 87.7

74.4 74.9 75.4 76.4 78.0 80.9
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
100.0 98.2 97.9 102.5 108.9 | 100.0
100.0 98.4 101.5 104.8 111.1 | 100.0

1.5 1.4 1.8 1.1 1.5 2.9

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 2.1 0.7 0.7 1.3 2.1 3.7
… -1.8 -0.4 4.7 6.3 …
… -1.6 3.1 3.3 6.0 …

78,516 81,016 89,512 102,441 114,550 124,338

22,264 22,148 23,897 26,101 28,617 30,178
56,252 58,869 65,615 76,339 85,933 94,160
278,051 283,707 297,000 326,996 423,085 497,009
356,567 364,723 386,512 429,436 537,636 621,346
458,363 471,731 504,150 553,058 621,226 672,835
122,213 125,751 134,019 167,417 258,043 259,875
476,283 495,128 533,990 578,231 592,156 631,453
-11,826 -12,833 -1,068 11,886 -4,713 -9,917
488,109 507,960 535,058 566,345 596,869 641,370
-140,133 -149,148 -163,860 -192,590 -228,973 -218,493

5.1 2.9 6.9 9.7 12.3 8.3

128.6 133.8 131.6 132.1 131.0 123.8

54,627 56,201 60,222 70,033 90,946 99,243

37,702 41,166 45,109 49,085 68,590 70,535
201,391 191,170 194,813 210,543 342,452 357,222
314,798 325,072 338,242 355,839 448,354 526,772

2.74 2.56 2.26 1.95 1.71 1.47

0.00 3.23 3.22 3.08 3.00 3.00
0.00 4.00 4.00 3.80 3.70 3.70

62,291 79,915 83,514 92,608 99,398 106,303

48,709 62,741 66,859 64,891 72,051 80,593
27,016 40,134 42,167 40,440 44,844 49,596
7,015 9,436 9,889 7,984 8,977 8,649
19,915 30,628 32,278 32,456 35,867 40,947
87 70 – – – –
– – – – – –
250 229 – – – –
15,449 17,919 18,038 16,800 17,873 21,580
4,631 4,060 4,471 5,075 5,474 5,470
1,364 400 2,183 2,576 3,860 3,947

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 – – – – – –
– 1 – – – –
13,582 17,174 16,655 27,717 27,347 25,710
64,545 70,012 67,731 73,813 89,533 96,141
16,357 17,443 20,242 21,721 23,779 25,587
8,642 11,936 11,269 13,968 16,633 17,984
… … … … … …
9,055 9,634 9,669 10,546 10,919 11,604
12,545 14,678 3,677 2,679 5,796 13,387
11,771 11,411 15,948 16,323 21,264 20,427
4,187 4,711 5,134 5,870 6,060 6,809
1,988 199 1,792 2,706 5,082 343
… … … … … …
-2,254 9,903 15,783 18,795 9,865 10,162

18,140 26,183 34,566 39,115 29,415 30,605

… … … … … …
… … … … … …
– – – – – –
… … … … … …
82,685 96,195 102,297 112,928 118,948 126,746
-20,394 -16,280 -18,783 -20,320 -19,550 -20,443
-11,339 -6,646 -9,114 -9,774 -8,631 -8,839

… … -4,686 -736 6,219 -11,245

… … -4,686 -736 6,219 -11,245
… … – – – –
… … 14,096 19,586 25,771 9,197
… … 6,111 22,587 14,359 15,647
… … 7,985 -3,001 11,412 -6,450

17.5 22.7 21.8 22.1 21.0 19.6

13.7 17.8 17.4 15.5 15.2 14.8
2.0 2.7 2.6 1.9 1.9 1.6
5.6 8.7 8.4 7.8 7.6 7.5
23.2 27.3 26.7 27.0 25.1 23.3
-5.7 -4.6 -4.9 -4.9 -4.1 -3.8
-3.2 -1.9 -2.4 -2.3 -1.8 -1.6

76,990 92,276 102,297 112,930 118,949 126,746

… … 29,913 30,797 42,283 44,990
… … 8,504 10,950 10,728 11,817
… … 4,858 5,486 5,595 6,071

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 … … 16,180 19,283 17,695 22,174
… … … … … …
… … 6,770 8,212 7,454 6,178
… … 6,654 8,976 9,361 8,723
… … … … … …
… … 29,418 29,226 25,833 26,794
… … … … … …

… … 7.7 7.0 5.4 4.9

… … 1.7 2.1 2.0 1.6
… … … … … …

373,270 334,284 357,430 397,884 481,253 536,234

311,459 280,229 303,090 316,538 399,632 432,871
61,811 54,055 54,340 81,346 81,621 103,363

16.1 -10.4 6.9 11.3 21.0 11.4

25.3 -10.0 8.2 4.4 26.3 8.3

98,154 88,201 93,388 104,969 126,511 140,973

3,028 3,821 5,253 6,810 8,460 9,303
18,050 14,913 15,958 16,523 18,994 22,010
20,162 17,816 18,826 20,540 23,749 27,763
4,440 4,063 5,307 6,784 7,549 8,241
12,780 11,770 10,530 11,222 12,777 13,181
3,550 3,360 3,972 4,615 6,040 7,585
1,925 1,577 1,761 2,534 3,003 3,955
475 474 664 827 1,140 1,160
3,729 3,263 3,509 3,777 4,148 3,913
3,235 2,963 3,140 3,039 4,431 4,737

82,205 73,361 79,515 82,743 104,307 113,609

3,237 3,804 6,157 7,300 10,339 13,177
11,763 9,293 9,541 9,811 11,704 13,425
13,668 11,839 13,099 12,851 15,263 14,789
4,611 4,193 4,437 4,131 5,698 6,331
17,331 14,211 14,168 14,282 16,773 16,634
2,269 2,241 2,551 2,939 4,194 4,375
3,663 2,958 4,231 4,555 5,228 5,706
3,176 2,927 3,158 3,829 5,789 6,045
2,441 2,743 2,939 3,891 4,703 5,088

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 725 772 643 672 1,289 1,100

8,487 7,286 8,025 13,322 15,079 | 20,693

20,827 18,383 18,978 25,727 27,572 | 34,367
98,430 87,981 94,343 104,729 126,817 | 142,769
-77,602 -69,598 -75,365 -79,002 -99,244 | 108,402
-10,416 -8,944 -8,173 -9,957 -8,579 | -2,871
15,926 16,302 17,017 16,582 21,441 | 19,280
-26,341 -25,246 -25,190 -26,539 -30,020 | 22,150
… … … … …| -6,322
… … … … …| 5,447
… … … … …| 11,769
-1,924 -2,152 -2,781 -2,447 -3,913 | -4,481
756 537 661 508 422 | 300
-2,680 -2,689 -3,442 -2,955 -4,335 | 4,781
… … … … …| –
… … … … …| –
… … … … …| –
-6,276 -3,892 -3,142 -3,196 5,091 | -9,768
1,762 287 1,299 1,104 2,563 | 990
-2,472 -649 -1,712 1,097 8,683 | -3,669
-58
-5,565 -3,531 -2,729 -5,397 -6,154 | -7,030
-3,186 -2,430 -1,148 343 1,863 | -7,347
-974 964 3,734 10,469 22,034 | 23,114
974 -964 -3,734 -10,469 -22,034 | 23,114
– -36,217 -36,786 -37,367 -33,479 | -19,785

104.9 94.8 93.6 95.0 101.7 99.5

82.7 75.0 74.7 71.7 79.6 75.5
22.2 19.8 18.8 23.3 22.1 23.9
-11.1 -9.6 -8.1 -9.0 -6.9 -2.0
9.0 7.9 8.0 12.1 12.1 14.4
-1.0 1.0 3.7 9.5 17.7 16.1

28,624 29,817 33,656 44,116 66,176 70,152

294 295 295 295 295 295
27,432 28,633 32,419 42,772 64,906 69,377
792 764 790 871 776 285
105 125 151 178 199 196

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 3.80 3.80 3.80 3.80 3.80 3.78
3.80 3.80 3.80 3.80 3.80 3.79

tates dollars; cif = cost, insurance, and freight; fob = free on board; GDP = gross domestic product; GNI = gross national income; IMF = Int

stimates based on the 2010 Population and Housing Census of Malaysia. The series prior to 2020 will be revised by DOSM using the 2020

labor underutilization.

entific, and technical activities; administrative and support service activities; public administration and defense; compulsory social security; e
d, data refer to public administration and defense; compulsory social security; education; health and social work; other community, socia

in foreign currencies have been revalued to ringgit at the exchange rates prevailing on the reporting date; and the exchange revaluation

edition). Figures were converted from ringgit to United States dollars using average period exchange rates from the IMF.

Government of Malaysia, Department of Statistics (DOS). Official communication, 30 March 2023; past communication.

DOS. Official communication, 30 March 2023; past communication.

DOS. Official communication, 30 March 2023; past communication.

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. FAOSTAT Database. https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QI (access

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DOS. Official communication, 30 March 2023; past communication.

DOS. Official communication, 30 March 2023; past communication.

For 2000–2012: United Nations. 2014. Energy Statistics Yearbook 2011. New York; past issues.
For 2013–2022: DOS. Official communication, 30 March 2023; past communication.

DOS. Official communication, 30 March 2023; past communication.

Bank Negara Malaysia. Official communication, 27 March 2023; past communication.

Government of Malaysia, Ministry of Finance. Official communication, 22 March 2023; past communication.

DOS. Official communication, 30 March 2023; past communication.

International Monetary Fund (IMF). Direction of Trade Statistics. https://data.imf.org/?sk=9D6028D4-F14A-464C-A2F

(accessed 30 June 2023).

DOS. Official communication, 30 March 2023; past communication.

IMF. International Financial Statistics. https://data.imf.org/ (accessed 30 June 2023).

IMF. International Financial Statistics. https://data.imf.org/ (accessed 30 June 2023).

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 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

26.55 27.06 27.57 28.08 28.59 29.06

80 82 83 85 86 88
2.0 2.0 2.0 1.9 1.8 1.7
67.4 68.3 69.2 70.1 71.0 71.7

10,629 10,890 11,028 11,315 12,304 12,741

10,275 10,538 10,660 10,897 11,900 12,352
1,504 1,558 1,488 1,471 1,615 1,422
42 39 55 63 57 74
2,083 1,977 1,945 1,807 2,109 2,244

75 61 61 58 122 123
909 923 998 1,016 1,083 1,152
1,651 1,712 1,729 1,832 1,888 2,005
540 538 583 592 555 604
721 761 784 801 857 951
… … … … 179 207
242 282 276 272 323 319
508 558 553 602 59 61
2,001 2,129 2,189 2,385 3,054 3,190
… … … … 503 521
354 351 369 418 404 389
3.3 3.2 3.3 3.7 3.3 3.1
2.1 2.5 1.3 2.6 8.7 3.6
63.1 63.2 62.6 62.9 63.7 64.5
79.9 79.5 79.0 78.9 79.3 79.7
45.8 46.4 45.7 46.4 46.8 48.0

596,784 665,340 769,949 712,857 821,434 911,733

51,383 66,446 76,753 65,719 82,882 104,424
81,759 88,332 120,170 81,342 89,793 95,905
164,510 173,804 189,105 169,661 192,493 212,618
14,878 15,840 16,855 17,852 17,701 18,911
4,472 4,765
16,451 18,739 21,156 23,187 28,213 30,892

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 81,528 95,353 114,197 115,263 112,771 127,030
39,290 43,009 46,482 46,900 28,998 31,034
21,863 23,970
39,513 42,667
72,521 80,827 89,966 94,257 61,578 64,341
11,797 12,537
13,679 14,815
6,885 7,424
40,045 46,210 54,675 56,588 64,359 72,390
5,906 6,457
5,263 5,705

28,762 30,812 33,058 35,123 25,598 27,135

… … … … … …
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
5,659 5,969 7,531 6,964 7,672 8,711
-17,294 -13,985 -23,033 -14,214 -26,131 -21,600
579,490 651,355 746,916 698,643 795,303 890,133

8.7 10.1 10.1 9.3 10.2 11.6

47.0 45.0 45.6 41.4 40.9 40.2
44.3 44.9 44.4 49.3 48.9 48.2

596,784 665,340 769,949 712,857 821,434 911,733

331,231 377,377 432,796 441,185 498,591 558,333
264,584 300,418 344,215 348,168 394,893 436,980
352 360
66,647 76,959 88,581 93,017 103,346 120,993
135,491 155,753 165,218 127,143 192,105 211,415
131,024 149,064 158,381 156,660 184,292 202,251
… … … … 83,001 …
… … … … 101,291 …
4,467 6,689 6,837 -29,517 7,813 9,164
… … … … … …
669,505 706,382 766,096 651,671 714,075 777,301
… … … … 602,609 658,421
… … … … 111,466 118,880
539,443 574,172 594,160 507,142 583,337 635,317
… … … … 478,427 517,893
… … … … 104,910 117,424
– – – – – –

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 44.3 45.2 44.7 48.8 48.1 48.0
11.2 11.6 11.5 13.0 12.6 13.3
22.7 23.4 21.5 17.8 23.4 23.2
0.7 1.0 0.9 -4.1 1.0 1.0
112.2 106.2 99.5 91.4 86.9 85.3
90.4 86.3 77.2 71.1 71.0 69.7
– – – – – –

573,938 610,085 639,566 629,885 | 821,434 864,920

47,533 48,188 50,036 50,063 | 82,882 88,555
71,276 72,758 70,996 66,386 | 89,793 85,373
160,880 165,879 167,148 152,150 | 192,493 202,960
14,728 15,415 15,930 16,246 | 17,701 18,404
4,472 4,644
16,022 17,391 18,151 19,270 | 28,213 29,524
79,608 91,405 101,344 103,444 | 112,771 120,411
38,790 41,987 44,885 45,484 | 28,998 30,630
21,863 23,209
39,513 42,422
71,344 79,672 87,157 90,744 | 61,578 65,782
11,797 12,299
13,679 14,640
6,885 7,310
39,806 41,494 44,633 46,145 | 64,359 71,503
5,906 6,357
5,263 5,534

28,280 29,959 31,763 32,965 | 25,598 26,710

… … … … … …
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
5,671 5,937 7,523 6,989 | 7,672 8,654
-19,694 -21,084 -23,034 -21,941 | -26,131 -25,868
554,244 589,001 616,532 607,944 | 795,303 839,052

5.6 6.3 4.8 -1.5 7.4 5.3

5.8 1.4 3.8 0.1 2.4 6.8
4.3 3.2 0.3 -6.7 8.4 2.5
7.3 10.4 8.9 2.9 7.4 7.2

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 573,936 610,086 639,566 629,885 | 821,434 864,920
321,857 352,956 382,437 387,844 | 498,591 540,360
256,065 282,807 307,467 309,169 | 394,893 422,016
352 361
65,792 70,149 74,970 78,675 | 103,346 117,983
132,185 144,160 146,721 132,902 | 192,105 200,789
128,832 142,178 145,525 141,584 | 184,292 195,996
… … … ... | 83,001 85,133
… … … ... | 101,291 110,863
3,353 1,982 1,196 -8,682 | 7,813 4,793
… … … … … …
654,702 679,408 690,096 615,024 | 714,075 743,919
… … … ... | 602,609 626,712
… … … ... | 111,466 117,207
534,808 566,438 579,688 505,886 | 583,337 620,147
… … … ... | 478,427 505,184
… … … ... | 104,910 114,963
– – – –| – –

6.6 10.4 8.7 0.6 6.9 6.9

5.5 6.6 6.9 4.9 3.4 14.2
8.6 9.1 1.8 -9.4 25.3 4.5
6.7 3.8 1.6 -10.9 11.1 4.2
8.2 5.9 2.3 -12.7 15.6 6.3

135,491 155,753 165,218 127,143 192,105 211,415

231,531 257,931 296,568 237,790 274,906 310,735
265,553 287,963 337,153 271,672 322,843 353,400
-17,294 -13,985 -23,033 -14,214 -26,131 -21,600
-16,728 -16,047 -17,552 -19,668 -21,806 -21,065

44.5 43.3 43.8 38.1 39.3 38.8

38.8 38.8 38.5 33.4 33.5 34.1
22.7 23.4 21.5 17.8 23.4 23.2

22,478 24,589 27,929 25,385 28,733 31,372

21,826 24,073 27,094 24,879 27,819 30,629

84.8 84.7 89.4 87.5 89.0 96.1

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 96.2 98.3 99.1 95.5 93.9 | 94.8
108.9 111.4 112.2 100.9 112.1 | 105.7

32,030 32,788 33,133 31,642 30,653 30,653

16,875 16,880 12,250 16,412 16,373 16,381
10,278 10,529 9,228 8,862 9,067 9,067
… … 26,862 24,680 23,011 23,511

921 1,063 1,167 2,138 2,397 2,397

100 94 54 75 206 678
11,404 10,954 5,457 9,304 19,973 21,989
… … 15,919 … … 23,247

100,841 104,950 106,927 107,116 116,808 116,808

2,680 2,252 570 92 253 148
– – 0 – – 0
85,956 91,189 94,393 93,714 101,550 110,853

1.83 1.88 2.18 1.88 2.16 2.72

1.53 1.58 … 1.77 1.83 1.90

90.9 92.7 97.7 98.3 100.0 103.2

83.6 86.2 93.8 97.6 100.0 104.8
… … 90.7 96.2 100.0 104.6
… … 102.3 101.3 100.0 99.8
… … 97.0 98.9 100.0 101.8
… … 96.4 99.3 100.0 101.8
… … 96.3 98.4 100.0 102.7
… … 108.6 98.4 100.0 104.4
… … 100.7 100.2 100.0 99.7
… … 97.0 98.4 100.0 102.0
… … 96.1 98.4 100.0 102.2
… … 95.3 98.1 100.0 105.9
… … 93.8 97.3 100.0 102.4
103.8 111.2 125.8 112.2 | 100.0 112.3
104.0 109.1 120.4 113.2 | 100.0 105.4

3.6 2.0 5.4 0.6 1.7 3.2

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 3.3 3.1 8.8 4.1 2.5 4.8
3.8 7.1 13.1 -10.8 … 12.3
4.0 4.9 10.4 -6.0 … 5.4

141,367 169,007 183,047 200,917 224,384 258,956

33,519 36,247 40,425 43,439 47,685 53,489
107,848 132,760 142,623 157,477 176,699 205,468
586,317 627,868 720,382 788,426 835,770 956,648
727,684 796,876 903,430 989,343 1,060,154 1,215,604
760,302 832,738 931,865 1,017,303 1,086,094 1,241,675
312,620 383,786 331,800 354,263 371,842 489,463
674,484 727,250 855,127 931,893 1,019,935 1,127,854
-1,600 -2,241 31,408 57,216 49,097 51,900
676,084 729,490 823,719 874,676 970,838 1,075,954
-226,802 -278,298 -255,063 -268,852 -305,683 -375,642

13.0 9.5 11.9 9.2 6.8 14.3

127.4 125.2 121.0 142.7 132.2 136.2

114,826 140,949 149,509 165,891 184,638 214,198

75,730 84,433 92,218 102,268 104,943 115,671
405,620 418,351 451,380 482,055 521,621 594,624
585,506 636,368 721,797 783,507 883,285 1,003,504

1.46 1.44 1.42 0.93 0.94 1.08

3.26 3.31 3.26 2.09 2.55 2.98
3.74 3.71 3.68 2.56 2.81 3.14

123,546 139,885 159,793 158,639 159,653 185,419

86,630 95,168 112,897 106,504 109,515 134,885
57,347 64,263 76,898 73,021 72,784 94,839
10,196 11,661 14,966 15,590 17,805 20,203
47,151 52,602 61,932 57,431 54,979 74,636
– – – – – –
– – – – – –
– – – – – –
20,018 21,026 25,345 24,863 30,922 33,465
5,040 4,747 5,414 3,266 3,776 4,107
4,225 5,133 5,239 5,355 2,033 2,474

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 – – – – – –
– – – – – –
36,916 44,717 46,896 52,135 50,138 50,534
105,745 120,552 150,664 154,485 149,763 179,928
28,522 32,587 41,011 42,778 46,663 50,148
20,923 23,622 25,197 26,372 23,841 28,949
… … … … … …
12,495 12,911 12,797 14,222 15,621 17,716
10,112 10,481 35,165 20,345 14,744 27,245
26,294 31,501 25,623 39,937 27,862 32,157
7,008 8,251 10,022 10,146 19,877 22,576
391 1,197 849 685 1,155 1,138
… … … … … …
17,801 19,334 9,130 4,154 9,890 5,491

35,463 40,455 43,076 47,876 50,966 47,582

… … … … … …
… … … … … …
– – – – … …
… … … … … …
141,208 161,007 193,739 202,361 200,729 227,511
-17,662 -21,122 -33,946 -43,722 -41,076 -42,092
-5,166 -8,211 -21,149 -29,501 -25,455 -24,376

-2,966 364 1,234 6,871 -957 3,527

-2,966 364 1,234 6,871 -957 3,527
– – – – – –
14,696 21,486 35,180 50,593 40,120 45,619
10,290 10,697 37,799 44,365 3,567 15,811
4,406 10,789 -2,619 6,227 36,553 29,808

20.7 21.0 20.8 22.3 19.4 20.3

14.5 14.3 14.7 14.9 13.3 14.8
1.7 1.8 1.9 2.2 2.2 2.2
7.9 7.9 8.0 8.1 6.7 8.2
23.7 24.2 25.2 28.4 24.4 25.0
-3.0 -3.2 -4.4 -6.1 -5.0 -4.6
-0.9 -1.2 -2.7 -4.1 -3.1 -2.7

141,208 161,007 193,739 202,360 200,729 227,511

45,478 52,868 68,859 68,377 64,292 83,104
11,981 13,649 14,717 13,974 12,415 14,790
7,384 8,188 9,572 9,566 10,238 10,719

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 28,218 27,463 32,291 34,818 35,236 41,573
… … … … … …
7,218 10,857 10,634 10,714 12,184 10,713
9,991 11,268 13,246 14,768 16,499 17,136
… … … … … …
30,938 36,714 44,420 50,145 49,866 49,476
… … … … … …

5.2 5.5 5.8 7.0 6.1 5.4

1.7 1.7 1.7 2.1 2.0 1.9
… … … … … …

589,200 604,300 663,014 552,518 638,822 697,862

478,100 502,000 519,804 434,670 528,828 573,626
111,100 102,300 143,209 117,848 109,994 124,236

9.9 2.6 9.7 -16.7 15.6 9.2

10.4 5.0 3.5 -16.4 21.7 8.5

160,652 176,211 199,515 157,334 198,746 228,284

11,646 15,452 19,049 19,203 24,912 29,953
24,744 25,772 29,416 21,934 26,544 28,841
30,191 27,531 24,936 17,329 18,987 18,898
7,947 8,145 8,530 8,290 10,088 10,229
14,241 16,091 21,466 15,189 20,782 26,591
8,502 8,730 9,571 8,491 10,587 11,711
5,129 5,884 7,413 4,918 6,517 9,214
1,758 2,329 2,437 2,359 3,548 3,827
4,379 4,792 4,894 4,138 6,296 7,599
5,806 6,703 7,800 5,789 7,555 8,589

130,476 146,982 156,896 123,826 164,735 187,640

15,887 18,908 20,084 17,391 20,682 24,747
15,329 16,870 17,293 14,074 18,761 24,120
16,424 15,928 16,969 13,909 17,526 18,145
7,157 8,350 7,570 5,268 7,422 8,884
17,338 19,085 19,592 15,473 20,726 21,382
4,952 6,233 7,269 6,559 9,151 11,486
7,068 7,250 7,292 5,738 8,933 7,616
7,167 7,863 8,802 7,492 10,263 11,286
5,750 6,813 6,745 5,242 6,648 7,185

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 1,333 2,060 3,105 2,234 2,485 3,330

26,179 29,728 39,395 31,416 25,711 32,459

38,027 38,057 51,076 39,823 38,553 45,924
161,446 176,436 198,588 156,879 187,082 215,170
123,420 138,379 147,512 117,056 148,530 169,246
-2,570 403 467 1,184 2,035 476
21,071 29,052 31,069 28,018 34,605 38,850
23,641 28,649 30,602 26,834 32,570 38,374
-4,715 -4,068 -6,905 -4,033 -8,113 -7,059
8,480 11,365 12,092 11,244 11,906 17,164
13,195 15,433 18,996 15,277 20,019 24,223
-4,563 -4,665 -5,243 -5,558 -6,765 -6,883
313 392 424 1,061 596 1,530
4,877 5,057 5,667 6,618 7,361 8,413
-55 -32 201 -15 -34 -44
7 7 256 12 22 14
62 38 55 27 56 58
-11,772 -11,332 -35,698 -22,747 -6,192 7,603
39 -2,719 -7,793 -6,331 -4,339 -3,051
3,457 5,396 -24,939 -505 15,047 8,542
29 -48 -608 672 -217 -25
-15,297 -13,961 -2,358 -16,583 -16,683 2,137
-7,493 -5,187 -9,369 -4,730 -20,300 -9,076
30,403 35,841 65,925 49,419 11,568 15,736
30,403 35,841 65,925 49,419 11,568 15,736
-6,373 -4,367 31,413 30,017 4,017 11,945

99.2 91.2 86.0 77.6 73.4 72.2

75.9 71.5 63.9 57.9 58.2 56.8
23.4 19.7 22.1 19.7 15.1 15.4
-1.6 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.8 0.2
16.1 15.4 17.1 15.5 10.1 10.9
18.7 18.5 28.6 24.4 4.5 5.3

82,426 101,313 91,528 96,713 106,525 133,618

294 294 379 1,281 1,641 1,838
81,724 100,635 90,605 92,865 102,325 128,964
195 155 317 442 471 843
214 229 226 2,124 2,088 1,973

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 3.53 3.31 3.46 3.42 3.08 3.18
3.67 3.44 3.34 3.52 3.22 3.06

GNI = gross national income; IMF = International Monetary Fund; km² = square

l be revised by DOSM using the 2020 population census results.

defense; compulsory social security; education; human health and social work
d social work; other community, social, and personal service activities; private

g date; and the exchange revaluation gain has been reflected in Bank Negara

rates from the IMF.

ch 2023; past communication.

ww.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QI (accessed 30 June 2023).

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issues.

st communication.

f.org/?sk=9D6028D4-F14A-464C-A2F2-59B2CD424B85&sId=1390030341854

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 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

29.51 30.21 30.71 31.19 31.63 32.02

89 91 93 94 96 97
1.5 2.4 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.2
72.4 73.0 73.6 74.3 74.8 75.2

13,222 13,981 14,264 14,518 14,668 14,980

12,821 13,545 13,853 14,068 14,164 14,477
1,628 1,759 1,694 1,754 1,610 1,635
81 88 85 104 96 97
2,264 2,316 2,373 2,323 2,391 2,513

143 145 147 134 154 143

1,175 1,292 1,278 1,310 1,252 1,259
2,126 2,261 2,324 2,361 2,429 2,485
624 627 598 615 630 658
965 1,042 1,149 1,151 1,261 1,323
209 194 213 214 209 220
322 319 329 354 347 369
69 73 80 71 82 85
3,215 3,430 3,583 3,676 3,703 3,689
589 646 535 580 503 414
401 435 411 450 504 503
3.0 3.1 2.9 3.1 3.4 3.4
3.8 5.7 2.0 1.8 1.0 2.1
65.6 67.3 67.6 67.9 67.7 68.0
80.5 81.0 80.6 80.6 80.2 80.1
49.5 52.6 53.7 54.1 54.3 54.7

971,252 1,018,614 1,106,443 1,176,941 1,249,698 1,372,310

95,122 92,830 98,177 97,539 105,756 117,995
101,474 103,484 109,064 103,059 103,959 121,326
224,730 232,659 253,087 262,379 272,396 299,797
20,703 22,160 25,358 25,774 26,953 28,225
4,996 5,283 5,582 5,936 6,530 7,152
37,909 42,692 48,650 55,382 61,089 66,552

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 135,439 146,447 166,243 184,023 198,155 218,318
32,953 34,876 37,194 42,057 45,234 48,786
25,954 28,317 31,342 36,219 40,153 44,739
46,666 51,097 56,425 62,303 67,730 74,039
70,053 72,390 75,379 78,633 81,457 86,267
13,464 14,497 15,764 17,561 18,974 20,608
16,556 18,368 20,049 22,928 25,089 27,748
7,971 8,739 9,845 10,942 12,011 13,011
85,560 89,796 95,430 99,783 106,221 112,874
7,046 7,623 8,282 9,233 10,029 10,882
6,201 6,720 7,310 8,028 8,774 9,628

28,267 29,873 31,316 40,464 42,657 45,083

… … … … … …
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
10,186 10,763 11,947 14,699 16,529 19,280
-35,842 -33,975 -36,624 -32,112 -34,592 -38,658
935,410 984,639 1,069,819 1,144,829 1,215,105 1,333,652

9.9 9.2 9.0 8.4 8.6 8.7

40.6 40.3 40.4 38.9 38.2 38.7
49.5 50.5 50.7 52.7 53.2 52.6

971,252 1,018,614 1,106,443 1,176,941 1,249,698 1,372,310

616,679 667,456 727,460 789,121 841,704 927,467
481,865 527,359 579,576 634,553 684,111 759,551
372 390 409 546 570 596
134,442 139,707 147,475 154,021 157,023 167,320
250,085 264,199 276,363 299,229 324,865 350,589
246,343 269,699 287,393 304,423 318,895 343,942
… … … 106,274 107,370 109,422
… … … 198,150 211,525 234,520
3,742 -5,500 -11,030 -5,195 5,970 6,647
… … … … … …
770,201 770,368 816,483 817,370 834,491 960,778
644,864 637,683 678,865 681,275 686,896 801,394
125,337 132,685 137,618 136,095 147,596 159,384
665,714 683,408 713,863 728,778 751,363 866,524
531,835 541,131 565,538 572,051 584,850 684,281
133,879 142,277 148,325 156,727 166,513 182,243
– – – – – –

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 49.7 51.8 52.4 54.0 54.8 55.4
13.8 13.7 13.3 13.1 12.6 12.2
25.7 25.9 25.0 25.4 26.0 25.5
0.4 -0.5 -1.0 -0.4 0.5 0.5
79.3 75.6 73.8 69.4 66.8 70.0
68.5 67.1 64.5 61.9 60.1 63.1
– – – – – –

912,261 955,080 1,012,449 | 1,176,941 1,229,312 1,300,769

89,406 91,181 93,048 | 97,539 93,977 99,509
86,751 87,789 90,707 | 103,059 105,368 105,838
211,921 219,152 232,527 | 262,379 273,899 290,464
19,331 20,184 20,905 | 25,774 27,075 27,671
4,838 5,052 5,293 | 5,936 6,337 6,725
34,880 38,590 43,115 | 55,382 59,508 63,522
125,905 133,797 145,714 | 184,023 195,707 209,885
32,089 33,561 35,359 | 42,057 44,463 47,212
24,502 25,938 27,619 | 36,219 38,831 41,748
46,185 50,396 55,415 | 62,303 67,301 73,113
70,884 72,318 74,000 | 78,633 80,722 84,532
12,917 13,592 14,374 | 17,561 18,412 19,393
16,185 17,854 19,417 | 22,928 24,829 27,158
7,730 8,340 9,177 | 10,942 11,724 12,580
78,397 84,164 89,490 | 99,783 104,620 109,694
6,853 7,309 7,839 | 9,233 9,856 10,501
5,860 6,194 6,524 | 8,028 8,473 8,965

27,624 29,092 30,286 | 40,464 42,210 44,183

… … … … … …
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
10,004 10,577 11,639 | 14,699 16,000 18,076
-40,457 -38,358 -39,914 | -21,075 -18,011 -19,050
871,804 916,722 972,535 | 1,155,866 1,211,301 1,281,719

5.5 4.7 6.0 5.1 4.4 5.8

1.0 2.0 2.0 1.4 -3.7 5.9
4.9 3.6 5.9 5.2 4.3 4.7
6.6 6.0 6.8 5.3 5.7 6.5

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 912,261 955,080 1,012,449 | 1,176,941 1,229,312 1,300,769
582,015 622,410 662,390 | 789,121 827,900 883,151
457,255 490,418 524,645 | 634,553 671,698 718,127
370 380 393 | 546 562 574
124,390 131,612 137,351 | 154,021 155,640 164,450
237,492 249,022 255,370 | 299,229 312,487 332,124
233,203 252,162 264,242 | 304,423 312,190 331,093
98,659 100,464 95,692 | 106,274 105,213 105,499
134,543 151,698 168,550 | 198,150 206,977 225,594
4,289 -3,140 -8,872 | -5,195 297 1,032
… … … … … …
730,961 732,856 769,794 | 817,370 828,155 900,064
608,529 604,549 639,514 | 681,275 685,228 750,508
122,432 128,307 130,280 | 136,095 142,927 149,556
638,206 649,208 675,105 | 728,778 739,230 814,571
510,239 516,075 535,528 | 572,051 578,719 644,246
127,967 133,133 139,577 | 156,727 160,511 170,325
– – –| – – –

8.3 7.2 7.0 6.0 5.9 6.9

5.4 5.8 4.4 4.5 1.1 5.7
18.3 4.9 2.5 6.7 4.4 6.3
-1.7 0.3 5.0 0.3 1.3 8.7
2.9 1.7 4.0 0.8 1.4 10.2

250,085 264,199 276,363 299,229 324,865 350,589

300,262 299,685 324,916 334,383 354,773 388,885
354,572 351,158 378,983 387,821 407,994 444,843
-35,841 -33,975 -36,624 -32,112 -34,592 -38,658
-18,469 -17,498 -17,443 -21,325 -18,629 -17,300

36.5 34.5 34.3 33.0 32.6 32.4

30.9 29.4 29.4 28.4 28.4 28.3
25.7 25.9 25.0 25.4 26.0 25.5

32,913 33,714 36,031 37,739 39,506 42,854

31,698 32,589 34,838 36,710 38,412 41,647

98.1 99.0 98.0 104.1 97.9 106.1

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 96.2 97.0 99.8 104.8 | 102.4 102.7
111.3 116.0 123.0 128.9 | 104.3 110.7

27,370 27,612 28,549 31,346 32,113 31,701

11,020 10,421 11,432 15,533 16,045 14,453
8,797 8,794 9,450 8,096 10,657 9,951
… 25,755 25,526 23,746 26,596 26,333

2,916 2,894 2,688 2,559 2,415 2,989

305 517 181 247 24 607
21,019 22,063 21,738 25,461 27,146 30,426
… 23,899 24,360 27,609 29,732 32,947

124,894 143,497 147,480 150,190 156,665 164,508

10 23 12 – 694 1,124
370 221 23 12 33 7
107,341 134,446 128,333 132,203 144,042 146,520

2.86 2.60 2.55 2.45 2.30 2.53

1.90 1.80 2.20 1.90 1.85 2.26

104.9 107.1 110.5 112.8 115.2 119.5

107.6 111.5 115.2 119.4 123.9 128.8
105.0 111.3 124.2 141.0 165.2 165.5
99.2 98.6 98.4 98.9 98.5 98.2
103.4 105.2 108.8 111.5 114.2 116.7
103.8 105.4 106.5 109.4 112.0 114.4
104.8 106.8 109.9 114.8 117.9 120.9
105.1 107.2 112.4 107.3 102.4 115.9
99.1 98.4 97.7 99.6 98.1 97.7
103.2 103.3 104.9 106.7 109.4 111.5
104.7 107.2 109.8 112.4 114.8 116.7
109.0 111.7 116.9 121.7 125.1 128.2
104.4 104.7 105.4 109.7 112.9 114.2
111.8 108.8 110.4 102.2 101.1 107.9
106.5 106.7 109.3 | 100.0 101.7 105.5

1.6 2.1 3.2 2.1 2.1 3.7

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 2.7 3.6 3.3 3.6 3.8 4.0
-0.4 -2.7 1.5 -7.4 -1.1 6.7
1.0 0.2 2.5 -0.4 1.7 3.8

289,736 327,596 346,416 360,503 380,861 422,820

57,396 62,981 68,170 76,914 85,682 92,608
232,340 264,615 278,246 283,589 295,178 330,212
1,043,652 1,108,856 1,197,744 1,235,351 1,266,409 1,307,646
1,333,388 1,436,452 1,544,160 1,595,854 1,647,269 1,730,466
1,352,886 1,452,317 1,557,612 1,603,938 1,655,225 1,736,445
509,911 514,397 505,039 521,246 517,821 517,269
1,254,262 1,391,325 1,543,676 1,655,006 1,761,912 1,874,914
48,561 70,013 104,331 96,686 113,193 129,824
1,205,701 1,321,311 1,439,346 1,558,321 1,648,719 1,745,091
-411,287 -453,405 -491,103 -572,314 -624,508 -655,739

9.0 7.3 7.3 3.0 3.2 4.9

139.3 142.6 140.8 136.3 132.5 126.5

241,906 272,923 285,832 291,809 303,737 340,703

123,740 131,765 134,931 135,591 145,129 150,505
657,331 737,858 779,781 789,428 811,913 863,494
1,107,999 1,225,656 1,339,718 1,445,105 1,521,428 1,584,340

1.04 1.01 1.03 1.06 1.00 0.96

3.04 3.02 3.10 3.19 3.08 2.99
3.18 3.15 3.23 3.31 3.18 3.09

207,912 213,370 220,625 219,089 212,421 220,406

151,643 155,952 164,205 165,441 169,343 177,659
108,199 110,983 116,618 101,559 99,613 105,171
22,977 23,055 24,423 26,321 27,566 28,945
85,222 87,928 92,196 75,238 72,047 76,226
– – – – – –
– – – – – –
– – – – – –
36,051 37,339 39,357 55,873 61,538 63,161
4,250 4,454 4,563 3,771 3,885 4,138
3,143 3,176 3,667 4,238 4,307 5,188

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 – – – – – –
– – – – – –
56,269 57,418 56,421 53,648 43,078 42,747
203,767 209,856 217,787 215,275 209,497 217,179
60,016 61,001 66,947 70,050 73,108 77,037
31,963 33,860 34,259 36,373 30,070 34,738
… … … … … …
19,537 20,776 22,588 24,283 26,480 27,863
31,519 29,475 23,667 9,356 8,214 9,337
32,631 34,795 34,588 37,319 33,207 31,347
26,635 28,717 34,253 36,785 37,505 35,817
1,466 1,232 1,484 1,108 913 1,040
… … … … … …
4,145 3,514 2,838 3,814 2,924 3,227

46,748 41,888 39,426 40,319 40,728 42,792

… … … … … …
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
250,516 251,744 257,213 255,594 250,225 259,972
-42,604 -38,374 -36,588 -36,505 -37,804 -39,565
-23,066 -17,598 -14,000 -12,222 -11,324 -11,702

728 931 614 3,403 889 843

728 931 614 3,403 889 843
– – – – – –
43,331 39,305 37,201 39,658 38,693 40,408
15,204 30,268 28,459 38,931 23,184 46,268
28,127 9,037 8,742 727 15,509 -5,859

21.4 20.9 19.9 18.6 17.0 16.1

15.6 15.3 14.8 14.1 13.6 12.9
2.4 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.1
8.8 8.6 8.3 6.4 5.8 5.6
25.8 24.7 23.2 21.7 20.0 18.9
-4.4 -3.8 -3.3 -3.1 -3.0 -2.9
-2.4 -1.7 -1.3 -1.0 -0.9 -0.9

250,516 251,744 257,213 255,592 250,225 259,972

98,882 97,673 95,837 89,469 88,196 90,307
14,746 16,247 16,830 17,476 14,788 15,998
12,344 12,423 13,455 14,461 13,995 15,341

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 39,737 40,027 39,038 39,559 40,929 38,493
… … … … … …
11,545 11,542 13,307 14,444 13,576 13,777
18,672 19,421 22,120 23,366 23,127 25,523
… … … … … …
54,590 54,411 56,627 56,817 55,614 60,532
… … … … … …

5.6 5.3 5.1 4.8 4.5 4.4

1.9 1.9 2.0 2.0 1.9 1.9
… … … … … …

702,641 719,992 765,417 777,355 786,964 934,927

606,677 648,695 682,937 685,778 698,819 836,422
95,964 71,298 82,480 91,577 88,145 98,505

0.7 2.5 6.3 1.6 1.2 18.8

5.8 6.9 5.3 0.4 1.9 19.7

227,764 228,391 234,246 199,956 189,413 217,837

28,782 30,711 28,204 25,987 23,720 29,402
30,967 31,912 33,292 27,808 27,592 31,346
19,739 18,474 19,708 18,880 19,381 20,691
9,740 9,898 11,326 9,482 9,078 11,155
27,032 25,328 25,270 18,999 15,232 17,404
12,208 12,674 12,315 11,403 10,621 11,760
9,507 8,175 9,768 8,128 7,721 8,036
3,827 4,227 4,379 4,452 5,747 6,435
7,076 6,659 7,612 6,075 1,976 2,917
8,226 8,292 8,557 6,475 5,477 6,679

196,591 206,116 208,959 175,966 168,370 195,079

29,762 33,740 35,328 33,155 34,290 38,311
26,080 25,504 26,224 21,052 17,459 21,623
15,904 16,186 16,016 14,194 13,427 16,103
8,175 9,990 10,515 9,373 3,745 6,950
20,213 17,899 16,739 13,785 13,746 14,801
10,084 8,879 8,482 7,950 7,085 8,794
7,992 9,725 9,705 7,968 8,866 8,477
11,566 12,281 12,123 10,691 10,210 11,211
7,521 7,278 7,090 6,009 5,739 6,119

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 3,824 5,212 4,075 3,901 4,004 6,264

16,245 11,262 14,835 9,001 7,210 8,905

36,593 30,642 34,626 27,967 24,599 27,233
208,775 202,380 207,423 174,440 165,585 186,352
172,182 171,738 172,796 146,473 140,985 159,119
-2,765 -3,044 -3,271 -5,283 -4,560 -5,315
40,578 42,110 42,048 34,847 35,580 37,062
43,343 45,154 45,320 40,130 40,140 42,378
-11,604 -10,783 -11,190 -8,222 -8,339 -8,989
13,694 15,124 16,009 12,463 11,439 12,489
25,297 25,907 27,199 20,685 19,778 21,478
-5,979 -5,553 -5,330 -5,460 -4,491 -4,023
2,157 2,411 3,207 3,053 3,854 3,906
8,136 7,965 8,537 8,514 8,345 7,929
78 -5 105 -291 24 -6
133 5 117 3 34 16
55 10 12 294 10 22
-7,451 -6,416 -24,430 -14,172 -60 -1,100
-7,904 -1,992 -5,492 -464 3,325 3,760
20,675 -956 -12,024 -6,689 -3,424 -3,571
315 -80 -298 -170 -193 -46
-20,536 -3,388 -6,616 -6,851 232 -1,243
-7,618 -192 -1,665 6,422 -5,761 -3,984
16,155 17,481 37,704 29,305 1,533 6,015
16,155 17,481 37,704 29,305 1,533 6,015
-5,751 -14,938 -5,339 27,955 16,922 -7,065

66.4 62.6 61.4 57.9 55.0 58.4

54.8 53.1 51.1 48.6 46.8 49.9
11.6 9.5 10.2 9.3 8.2 8.5
-0.9 -0.9 -1.0 -1.8 -1.5 -1.7
5.2 3.5 4.4 3.0 2.4 2.8
5.1 5.4 11.2 9.7 0.5 1.9

139,724 134,854 115,937 95,287 94,501 102,446

1,940 1,410 1,365 1,309 1,429 1,568
134,940 130,492 111,765 91,429 91,194 98,938
867 972 942 767 773 770
1,976 1,981 1,864 1,783 1,105 1,170

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 3.06 3.28 3.50 4.29 4.49 4.06
3.09 3.15 3.27 3.91 4.15 4.30

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 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022

32.38 32.52 | 32.45 32.58 32.65

98 98 | 98 98 99
1.1 0.4 | … 0.4 0.2
75.6 76.2 75.1 75.3 75.5

15,280 15,582 15,668 15,797 …

14,776 15,073 14,957 15,064 …
1,570 1,541 1,566 1,550 …
91 91 82 82 …
2,500 2,682 2,498 2,501 …

157 160 160 163 …

1,258 1,276 1,173 1,160 …
2,555 2,595 2,766 2,827 …
698 668 689 705 …
1,473 1,550 1,540 1,536 …
216 214 223 235 …
339 335 372 387 …
97 92 82 83 …
3,822 3,870 3,805 3,837 …
438 338 557 417 …
504 508 711 733 …
3.3 3.3 4.5 4.6 …
2.0 2.0 0.6 0.8 …
68.3 68.7 68.4 68.6 …
80.4 80.8 80.6 80.9 …
55.2 55.6 55.3 55.5 …

1,447,760 1,512,738 1,418,000 1,545,372 1,788,183

108,757 109,542 115,830 148,173 159,647
134,833 131,084 96,172 123,572 177,168
311,676 323,862 315,534 362,671 419,453
30,102 32,556 31,402 31,754 33,183
7,709 8,353 9,107 9,894 10,424
70,048 71,067 57,657 55,621 60,727

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 237,239 253,857 240,527 248,030 296,025
52,707 57,107 45,555 46,718 62,204
50,334 56,805 43,045 39,948 54,777
80,359 85,695 90,744 96,504 101,902
90,955 95,027 97,638 107,674 109,683
22,293 24,104 20,189 17,766 23,008
30,824 34,112 31,483 29,285 34,527
14,103 15,239 11,326 9,160 12,036
118,224 122,253 127,848 134,798 141,144
11,708 12,513 11,781 11,392 12,288
10,541 11,498 11,103 12,261 13,344

47,896 51,012 45,305 43,130 47,804

… … … … …
… … … … …
… … … … …
… … … … …
17,453 17,053 15,755 17,023 18,841
-45,082 -39,496 -28,520 -41,551 -63,555
1,402,677 1,473,242 1,389,480 1,503,821 1,724,629

7.6 7.3 8.3 9.7 9.0

38.8 37.9 36.4 38.2 39.6
53.6 54.8 55.4 52.1 51.4

1,447,760 1,512,738 1,418,000 1,545,372 1,788,183

1,004,677 1,080,470 1,048,342 1,091,353 1,237,198
830,770 903,545 862,241 893,984 1,028,872
618 644 713 897 1,080
173,289 176,281 185,388 196,472 207,246
345,977 318,405 279,333 344,174 427,116
350,365 346,973 296,666 298,146 325,966
104,546 94,498 74,407 66,997 72,193
245,819 252,476 222,259 231,149 253,773
-4,387 -28,569 -17,334 46,028 101,150
… … … … …
992,511 987,481 873,477 1,063,817 1,320,329
830,137 817,260 780,511 977,076 1,181,380
162,375 170,221 92,967 86,741 138,949
895,405 873,618 783,152 953,972 1,196,459
715,516 692,522 643,024 806,503 1,012,092
179,889 181,096 140,128 147,469 184,367
– – – – –

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 57.4 59.8 60.9 57.9 57.6
12.0 11.7 13.1 12.7 11.6
23.9 21.0 19.7 22.3 23.9
-0.3 -1.9 -1.2 3.0 5.7
68.6 65.3 61.6 68.8 73.8
61.8 57.8 55.2 61.7 66.9
– – – – –

1,363,766 1,423,952 1,345,144 1,386,738 1,507,306

99,637 101,573 99,106 98,898 98,949
103,557 102,887 92,879 93,150 96,350
304,843 316,283 307,847 337,219 364,522
28,932 30,596 29,560 30,029 31,296
7,177 7,731 8,298 8,807 9,022
66,194 66,453 53,616 50,802 53,327
227,166 242,704 228,260 232,006 263,390
50,208 53,632 42,139 42,671 55,834
45,502 49,821 36,527 32,513 43,293
79,110 84,225 89,252 94,874 99,829
89,088 93,358 96,106 105,713 106,643
20,381 21,433 17,512 15,216 19,556
29,800 32,710 30,039 27,983 32,866
13,564 14,620 10,848 8,773 11,399
114,891 118,804 124,245 131,016 137,151
11,156 11,801 10,974 10,491 11,227
9,504 10,070 9,442 10,192 11,053

46,510 49,072 43,158 40,783 44,868

… … … … …
… … … … …
… … … … …
… … … … …
16,546 16,179 15,335 15,602 16,731
-28,708 -21,856 -13,784 -19,031 -34,444
1,335,058 1,402,096 1,331,361 1,367,707 1,472,862

4.8 4.4 -5.5 3.1 8.7

0.1 1.9 -2.4 -0.2 0.1
3.3 2.6 -6.1 5.6 6.6
7.0 6.2 -5.6 1.9 11.3

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 1,363,766 1,423,952 1,345,144 1,386,738 1,507,306
946,083 1,008,373 981,742 1,006,201 1,105,900
775,463 835,101 799,824 814,517 906,534
590 613 690 871 1,039
170,030 172,659 181,228 190,813 198,328
326,915 314,653 276,333 297,066 319,445
335,592 328,536 281,173 278,703 297,522
100,249 89,508 70,522 62,556 65,871
235,343 239,027 210,651 216,148 231,651
-8,678 -13,883 -4,840 18,362 21,923
… … … … …
917,462 907,877 830,157 958,334 1,081,341
768,846 756,343 751,100 886,828 968,470
148,616 151,534 79,057 71,505 112,871
826,694 806,952 743,087 874,862 999,380
662,747 647,361 623,825 751,773 850,364
163,947 159,590 119,262 123,088 149,016
– – – – –

8.0 7.7 -4.2 1.9 11.3

3.4 1.5 5.0 5.3 3.9
-1.6 -3.8 -12.2 7.5 7.5
1.9 -1.0 -8.6 15.4 12.8
1.5 -2.4 -7.9 17.7 14.2

345,977 318,405 279,333 344,174 427,116

378,272 371,322 338,424 402,874 474,320
443,083 432,268 369,658 454,019 550,985
-45,082 -39,496 -28,520 -41,551 -63,555
-19,729 -21,450 -2,714 -9,594 -13,110

30.6 28.6 26.1 29.4 30.8

26.1 24.5 23.9 26.1 26.5
23.9 21.0 19.7 22.3 23.9

44,708 46,513 43,698 47,433 54,768

43,316 45,298 42,819 46,158 52,822

102.5 101.7 101.0 97.1 …

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 100.6 99.3 90.5 91.8 93.9
116.0 120.1 116.9 128.1 138.5

30,917 28,871 25,880 … …

14,506 12,062 10,246 … …
9,071 9,959 6,734 … …
24,691 24,357 22,199 … …

2,653 3,459 2,978 … …

0 4 0 … …
32,904 31,129 35,270 … …
35,342 33,402 39,320 … …

170,529 178,492 174,004 … …

1,509 1,698 1,570 … …
20 41 18 … …
152,866 158,603 152,250 … …

2.37 2.17 1.99 … …

2.21 2.18 1.80 … …

120.7 121.5 120.1 123.1 127.2

130.9 133.1 134.8 137.1 145.0
165.3 167.8 168.3 169.2 170.1
96.2 94.3 93.5 93.1 93.2
119.0 121.3 119.2 121.0 123.2
114.8 116.4 116.7 118.6 122.8
121.9 122.7 124.1 124.6 125.5
117.7 114.0 102.6 113.9 119.2
96.0 96.4 97.5 97.5 97.5
111.0 111.8 112.3 112.8 115.4
118.0 119.7 120.9 121.1 122.4
130.2 131.8 132.4 132.9 139.5
112.6 113.0 116.0 116.6 118.9
106.7 105.2 102.4 112.1 120.8
106.2 106.2 105.4 111.4 118.6

1.0 0.7 -1.2 2.5 3.3

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 1.6 1.7 1.3 1.7 5.8
-1.1 -1.4 -2.7 9.5 7.8
0.6 0.1 -0.8 5.7 6.5

427,721 452,560 523,663 578,302 602,972

94,533 100,559 118,381 136,711 146,609
333,188 352,000 405,282 441,591 456,363
1,457,374 1,498,008 1,513,818 1,587,505 1,655,323
1,885,094 1,950,568 2,037,481 2,165,807 2,258,295
1,894,517 1,961,554 2,040,994 2,171,799 2,265,667
522,402 521,814 525,605 575,638 562,781
2,076,104 2,171,047 2,298,975 2,406,646 2,558,674
183,634 194,584 252,804 282,940 324,757
1,892,470 1,976,463 2,046,171 2,123,706 2,233,916
-703,989 -731,307 -783,587 -810,486 -855,788

9.1 3.5 4.0 6.4 4.3

130.9 129.7 143.9 140.5 126.7

339,881 360,386 420,465 458,471 478,819

157,387 169,975 212,341 243,373 229,456
975,129 1,002,298 966,529 977,453 1,040,509
1,705,749 1,771,589 1,831,157 1,915,612 2,024,147

1.04 1.01 0.61 0.54 0.68

3.21 3.05 2.01 1.64 2.03
3.31 3.17 2.13 1.72 2.11

232,882 264,415 225,076 233,752 …

174,059 180,566 154,398 173,703 …
119,161 123,214 101,790 118,450 …
32,605 38,680 38,953 27,052 …
86,556 84,534 62,837 91,398 …
– – – – …
– – – – …
– – – – …
45,328 48,197 44,300 45,225 …
4,622 3,859 3,092 4,703 …
4,948 5,296 5,215 5,326 …

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 – – – – …
– – – – …
58,822 83,849 70,678 60,049 …
230,513 262,573 262,018 267,217 …
79,989 80,534 82,996 85,854 …
35,283 31,507 29,323 24,924 …
… … … … …
30,547 32,933 34,495 38,069 …
12,873 11,374 22,760 25,676 …
30,904 66,050 28,892 29,138 …
39,820 38,421 56,211 54,136 …
1,097 1,755 7,341 9,420 …
… … … … …
2,368 1,842 -36,942 -33,465 …

54,853 52,828 49,962 65,286 …

… … … … …
… … … … …
… … … … …
… … … … …
285,366 315,401 311,980 332,503 …
-52,484 -50,986 -86,905 -98,751 …
-21,937 -18,054 -52,410 -60,682 …

1,623 746 -284 1,567 …

1,623 746 -284 1,567 …
– – – – …
54,107 51,732 86,590 100,318 …
74,916 24,039 65,224 64,928 …
-20,809 27,693 21,366 35,390 …

16.1 17.5 15.9 15.1 …

12.0 11.9 10.9 11.2 …
2.3 2.6 2.7 1.8 …
6.0 5.6 4.4 5.9 …
19.7 20.8 22.0 21.5 …
-3.6 -3.4 -6.1 -6.4 …
-1.5 -1.2 -3.7 -3.9 …

285,366 315,401 311,949 332,503 …

101,752 134,480 93,171 104,448 …
19,545 13,565 14,228 15,552 …
12,613 15,478 16,345 16,769 …

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 47,615 42,042 58,845 58,770 …
… 1,859 1,495 1,438 …
12,896 14,102 32,945 33,851 …
28,208 29,701 31,675 36,106 …
… … … … …
62,737 64,175 63,245 65,570 …
… … … … …

4.3 4.2 4.5 4.2 …

1.9 2.0 2.2 2.3 …
… … … … …

1,003,587 995,072 983,827 1,241,022 1,551,619

879,804 849,411 800,481 987,344 1,296,136
123,783 145,661 183,345 253,678 255,483

7.3 -0.8 -1.1 26.1 25.0

5.2 -3.5 -5.8 23.3 31.3

247,365 238,104 233,959 299,038 352,338

34,390 33,681 37,774 46,307 47,844
34,442 33,042 33,941 41,826 52,744
22,530 23,150 26,003 34,348 37,982
18,480 16,063 16,236 18,482 21,676
17,127 15,757 14,718 18,167 22,298
14,073 13,479 10,793 12,642 14,971
9,005 9,064 7,286 10,891 12,443
8,479 8,383 7,361 10,978 12,217
8,042 8,914 8,064 9,777 11,758
8,335 8,149 8,238 9,083 12,441

217,909 204,835 190,321 239,208 295,276

43,457 42,372 40,924 55,517 62,955
25,532 21,608 17,615 22,681 30,884
16,097 16,576 16,652 18,205 22,893
15,736 13,766 13,735 18,133 24,034
15,832 15,347 14,589 17,833 18,969
10,027 9,363 8,800 13,570 16,923
9,733 9,364 10,695 12,095 13,612
12,050 10,663 8,253 11,202 13,022
6,540 6,455 5,538 6,175 6,823

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 6,557 5,856 5,944 5,943 7,187

8,003 12,775 14,058 14,168 10,726

28,406 30,112 32,708 41,168 38,465
205,727 197,288 185,682 235,821 268,430
177,322 167,176 152,974 194,653 229,965
-4,341 -2,625 -11,220 -14,657 -10,320
40,240 41,092 22,117 20,935 31,572
44,581 43,717 33,336 35,592 41,891
-11,172 -9,534 -6,785 -10,028 -14,441
14,972 15,774 12,638 23,693 20,123
26,144 25,309 19,423 33,721 34,564
-4,889 -5,178 -646 -2,316 -2,979
3,866 4,081 6,467 4,949 5,513
8,756 9,259 7,113 7,264 8,492
-22 90 -100 -138 -105
14 109 32 19 22
36 20 132 157 127
2,833 -9,179 -18,412 3,143 3,368
2,504 1,582 740 6,870 3,629
-12,241 -7,822 -11,796 4,530 -11,658
243 -115 97 -543 -495
12,327 -2,824 -7,453 -7,714 11,893
-8,891 -1,653 -136 -6,146 -1,875
-3,743 20,390 32,234 4,741 5,378
-3,743 20,390 32,234 4,741 5,378
-17,994 -9,377 19,151 20,491 14,324

57.3 54.0 55.0 63.2 66.1

49.4 45.8 45.3 52.2 56.6
7.9 8.2 9.7 11.0 9.5
-1.2 -0.7 -3.3 -3.9 -2.5
2.2 3.5 4.2 3.8 2.6
-1.0 5.6 9.6 1.3 1.3

101,444 103,613 107,636 116,890 114,651

1,593 1,887 2,356 2,250 2,258
97,788 99,467 102,642 107,184 105,250
919 1,120 1,451 1,429 1,407
1,143 1,139 1,187 6,028 5,737

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 4.14 4.09 4.01 4.18 4.41
4.04 4.14 4.20 4.14 4.40

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MALAYSIA
Asian Development Bank (ADB)
Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2023
https://kidb.adb.org

POPULATION

LABOR FORCEb calendar year ('000)

Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate (%)

NATIONAL ACCOUNTS calendar year (RM million)

At Current Prices
GDP by industrial origin at current market prices
Net factor income from abroad

GNI

Structure of Output (% of GDP at current producer prices)

Agriculture
Industry
Services

Expenditure on GDP at current market prices

Final consumption expenditure
Household final consumption
NPISHs final consumption
Government final consumption
Gross capital formation
Gross fixed capital formation
Public
Private
Changes in inventoriesl
Acquisitions less disposals of valuables
Exports of goods and services
Exports of goods
Exports of services
Less: Imports of goods and services
Imports of goods
Imports of services
Statistical discrepancy

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 Structure of Output (% of GDP at current producer prices)
Agriculture
Industry
Services

Expenditure on GDP at current market prices

Final consumption expenditure
Household final consumption
NPISHs final consumption
Government final consumption
Gross capital formation
Gross fixed capital formation
Public

Private
Changes in inventoriesl
Acquisitions less disposals of valuables
Exports of goods and services
Exports of goods
Exports of services
Less: Imports of goods and services
Imports of goods
Imports of services
Statistical discrepancy

Structure of Demand (% of GDP at current market prices)

Household final consumptionm
Government final consumption
Gross capital formation
Changes in inventoriesl
Exports of goods and services
Imports of goods and services
Statistical discrepancy

At Constant Prices
GDP by industrial origin at 2000 | 2005 | 2010 | 2015 market prices
Net factor income from abroad
GNI

Growth of Output (% annual change)

GDP
Agriculture
Industry

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 Services
Expenditure on GDP at 2000 | 2005 | 2010 | 2015 market prices
Final consumption expenditure
Household final consumption
NPISHs final consumption
General government final consumption
Gross capital formation
Gross fixed capital formation

Changes in inventoriesl
Acquisitions less disposals of valuables
Exports of goods and services
Exports of goods
Exports of services
Imports of goods and services
Imports of goods
Imports of services
Statistical discrepancy

Growth of Demand (% annual change)

Household final consumptionm
Government final consumption
Gross capital formation
Exports of goods and services
Imports of goods and services

Investment Financing at Current Prices

Gross capital formation
Gross national saving
Gross domestic savingn
Net factor income from abroado
Net current transfers from abroadp

Savings and Investment (% of GDP at current market prices)

Gross domestic saving
Gross national saving
Gross capital formation

At Current Market Prices (RM)

Per capita GDP
Per capita GNI

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 PRICE INDEXES period averages
Consumer; 2010 = 100
Producerq; 2000 | 2005 | 2010 = 100
Implicit GDP deflator; 2000 | 2005 | 2010 | 2015 = 100

Price Indexes (% annual change)

Consumer price index
Food and nonalcoholic beverages price index
Producer price index
Implicit GDP deflator
EXTERNAL TRADE calendar year (RM million)
Exports, fob
Imports, cif
Trade balance

External Trade (% annual change)

Exports
Imports

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 Government Finance

External Trade

Direction of Trade

Balance of Payments

International Reserves

Exchange Rates

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lớp:232_71ECON20033_16
nhóm

chỉ tiêu ký hiệu

dân số

Lực lượng lao động

Số người có việc làm
Số người thất nghiệp
Tỷ lệ thất nghiệp U

CÁC TÀI KHOẢN QUỐC GIA

Theo giá hiện hành
GDP theo giá thị trường hiện hành = GDP danh nghĩa GDPn
Thu nhập yếu tố ròng từ nước ngoài (NFP) NFFI

Tổng thu nhập quốc gia GNPn=GNI

Cơ cấu GDP (% của GDP tính theo giá hiện hành)

Nông nghiệp
Công nghiệp
Dịch vụ

Chi tiêu trên GDP theo giá thị trường hiện hành GDP danh nghĩa
Chi tiêu tiêu dùng cuối cùng
Tiêu dùng cuối cùng của hộ gia đình C

Tiêu dùng cuối cùng của chính phủ G

Tổng vốn đầu tư I
Tổng vốn đầu tư cho tài sản cố định

Thay đổi trong hàng tồn kho

Xuất khẩu hàng hóa và dịch vụ

Xuất khẩu hàng hóa
Xuất khẩu dịch vụ
Trừ: Nhập khẩu hàng hóa và dịch vụ
Nhập khẩu hàng hóa X
Nhập khẩu dịch vụ M
Sai số thống kê

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Cơ cấu GDP (% của GDP tính theo giá hiện hành)
Nông nghiệp
Công nghiệp
Dịch vụ

Chi tiêu trên GDP theo giá thị trường hiện hành GDP danh nghĩa
Chi tiêu tiêu dùng cuối cùng
Tiêu dùng cuối cùng của hộ gia đình C

Tiêu dùng cuối cùng của chính phủ G

Tổng vốn đầu tư I
Tổng vốn đầu tư cho tài sản cố định

Thay đổi trong hàng tồn kho

Xuất khẩu hàng hóa và dịch vụ

Xuất khẩu hàng hóa
Xuất khẩu dịch vụ
Trừ: Nhập khẩu hàng hóa và dịch vụ
Nhập khẩu hàng hóa X
Nhập khẩu dịch vụ M
Sai số thống kê

Cơ cấu của tổng cầu ( % của GDP tính theo giá hiện hành)

Sai số thống kê

Tính theo giá cố định Gía cố dinh

GDP tính theo giá cố định= GDP thực GDPr
Thu nhập yếu tố ròng từ nước ngoài NFFI= NFIA
Tổng thu nhập quốc gia GNI

Tốc độ tăng trưởng GDP

Tốc độ tăng trưởng ngành nông nghiệp
Tốc độ tăng trưởng ngành công nghiệp

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Tốc độ tăng trưởng ngành dịch vụ
Chi tiêu trên GDP theo giá thị trường năm gốc 2000/2005/2010/2015

Tài trợ đầu tư theo giá hiện hành

Tổng vốn đầu tư I
Tổng tiết kiệm quốc gia Sn
Tổng tiết kiệm nội địa Sd
Thu nhập yếu tố ròng từ nước ngoài NFFI
Chuyển giao ròng từ nước ngoài NTr

Tiết kiệm và Đầu tư ( %GDP danh nghĩa)

Tổng tiết kiệm nội địa
Tổng tiết kiệm quốc gia
Tổng vốn đầu tư

Theo giá thị trường hiện hành

GDP bình quân đầu người
GNI bình quân đầu người

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Các chỉ số giá -

Tỷ lệ làm phát hằng năm

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 2000 2005 2008 2015 2019 2020

9,556 10,413 11,028 14,518 15,582 15,668

9,269 10,045 10,660 14,068 15,073 14,957
287 368 369 450 508 711
3.0 3.5 3.3 3.1 3.3 4.5

356,401 543,578 769,949 1,176,941 1,512,738 1,418,000

-28,909 -23,943 -23,033 -32,112 -39,496 -28,520

327,492 519,635 746,916 1,144,829 1,473,242 1,389,480

8.3 8.4 10.1 8.4 7.3 8.3

46.8 46.9 45.6 38.9 37.9 36.4
44.9 44.7 44.4 52.7 54.8 55.4

356,400 543,578 769,949 1,176,941 1,512,738 1,418,000

192,170 302,556 432,796 789,121 1,080,470 1,048,342
155,941 240,188 344,215 634,553 903,545 862,241
546 644 713
36,229 62,368 88,581 154,021 176,281 185,388
95,756 121,742 165,218 299,229 318,405 279,333
90,141 121,237 158,381 304,423 346,973 296,666
… … … 106,274 94,498 74,407
… … … 198,150 252,476 222,259
5,615 505 6,837 -5,195 -28,569 -17,334
… … … … … …
427,003 613,694 766,096 817,370 987,481 873,477
… … … 681,275 817,260 780,511
… … … 136,095 170,221 92,967
358,529 494,414 594,160 728,778 873,618 783,152
… … … 572,051 692,522 643,024
… … … 156,727 181,096 140,128
– – – – – –

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 8.3 8.4 10.1 8.4 7.3 8.3
46.8 46.9 45.6 38.9 37.9 36.4
44.9 44.7 44.4 52.7 54.8 55.4

356,400 543,578 769,949 1,176,941 1,512,738 1,418,000

192,170 302,556 432,796 789,121 1,080,470 1,048,342
155,941 240,188 344,215 634,553 903,545 862,241
546 644 713
36,229 62,368 88,581 154,021 176,281 185,388
95,756 121,742 165,218 299,229 318,405 279,333
90,141 121,237 158,381 304,423 346,973 296,666
… … … 106,274 94,498 74,407

… … … 198,150 252,476 222,259

5,615 505 6,837 -5,195 -28,569 -17,334
… … … … … …
427,003 613,694 766,096 817,370 987,481 873,477
… … … 681,275 817,260 780,511
… … … 136,095 170,221 92,967
358,529 494,414 594,160 728,778 873,618 783,152
… … … 572,051 692,522 643,024
… … … 156,727 181,096 140,128
– – – – – –

43.8 44.2 44.7 54.0 59.8 60.9

10.2 11.5 11.5 13.1 11.7 13.1
26.9 22.4 21.5 25.4 21.0 19.7
1.6 0.1 0.9 -0.4 -1.9 -1.2
119.8 112.9 99.5 69.4 65.3 61.6
100.6 91.0 77.2 61.9 57.8 55.2
– – – – – –

356,400 543,579 639,566 1,176,941 1,423,952 1,345,144

-28,909 -23,942 -23,034 -21,075 -21,856 -13,784
327,492 519,637 616,532 1,155,866 1,402,096 1,331,361

8.9 5.3 4.8 5.1 4.4 -5.5

6.1 2.6 3.8 1.4 1.9 -2.4
13.6 3.6 0.3 5.2 2.6 -6.1

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 6.0 7.3 8.9 5.3 6.2 -5.6
356,400 543,578 639,566 1,176,941 1,423,952 1,345,144
192,170 302,556 382,437 789,121 1,008,373 981,742
155,941 240,188 307,467 634,553 835,101 799,824
546 613 690
546 613 690
95,756 121,742 146,721 299,229 314,653 276,333
90,141 121,237 145,525 304,423 328,536 281,173

5,615 505 1,196 -5,195 -13,883 -4,840

… … … … … …
427,003 613,694 690,096 817,370 907,877 830,157
… … … 681,275 756,343 751,100
… … … 136,095 151,534 79,057
358,529 494,414 579,688 728,778 806,952 743,087
… … … 572,051 647,361 623,825
… … … 156,727 159,590 119,262
– – – – – –

13.0 9.1 8.7 6.0 7.7 -4.2

1.6 6.5 6.9 4.5 1.5 5.0
29.2 -2.5 1.8 6.7 -3.8 -12.2
16.1 8.3 1.6 0.3 -1.0 -8.6
24.4 8.9 2.3 0.8 -2.4 -7.9

95,756 121,742 165,218 299,229 318,405 279,333

128,008 200,109 296,568 334,383 371,322 338,424
164,230 241,022 337,153 387,821 432,268 369,658
-28,909 -23,943 -23,033 -32,112 -39,496 -28,520
-7,313 -16,970 -17,552 -21,325 -21,450 -2,714

46.1 44.3 43.8 33.0 28.6 26.1

35.9 36.8 38.5 28.4 24.5 23.9
26.9 22.4 21.5 25.4 21.0 19.7

15,172 20,870 27,929 37,739 46,513 43,698

13,942 19,951 27,094 36,710 45,298 42,819

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 80.4 87.7 97.7 112.8 121.5 120.1
100.0 100.0 125.8 102.2 105.2 102.4
100.0 100.0 120.4 100.0 106.2 105.4

1.5 2.9 5.4 2.1 0.7 -1.2

2.1 3.7 8.8 3.6 1.7 1.3
… … 13.1 -7.4 -1.4 -2.7
… … 10.4 -0.4 0.1 -0.8

373,270 536,234 663,014 777,355 995,072 983,827

311,459 432,871 519,804 685,778 849,411 800,481
61,811 103,363 143,209 91,577 145,661 183,345

16.1 11.4 9.7 1.6 -0.8 -1.1

25.3 8.3 3.5 0.4 -3.5 -5.8

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Government of Malaysia, Ministry of Finance.
Official communication, 22 March 2023; past
DOS. Official communication, 30 March 2023;
past communication.
International Monetary Fund (IMF). Direction of
Trade Statistics. https://data.imf.org/?
sk=9D6028D4-F14A-464C-A2F2-
59B2CD424B85&sId=1390030341854
DOS. Official communication, 30 March (accessed
2023;
past communication.
IMF. International Financial Statistics.
https://data.imf.org/ (accessed 30 June 2023).
IMF. International Financial Statistics.
https://data.imf.org/ (accessed 30 June 2023).

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 2021 2022

15,797 …
15,064 …
733 …
4.6 …

1,545,372 1,788,183
-41,551 -63,555

1,503,821 1,724,629

9.7 9.0
38.2 39.6
52.1 51.4

1,545,372 1,788,183
1,091,353 1,237,198
893,984 1,028,872
897 1,080
196,472 207,246
344,174 427,116
298,146 325,966
66,997 72,193
231,149 253,773
46,028 101,150
… …
1,063,817 1,320,329
977,076 1,181,380
86,741 138,949
953,972 1,196,459
806,503 1,012,092
147,469 184,367
– –

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 9.7 9.0
38.2 39.6
52.1 51.4

1,545,372 1,788,183
1,091,353 1,237,198
893,984 1,028,872
897 1,080
196,472 207,246
344,174 427,116
298,146 325,966
66,997 72,193

231,149 253,773
46,028 101,150
… …
1,063,817 1,320,329
977,076 1,181,380
86,741 138,949
953,972 1,196,459
806,503 1,012,092
147,469 184,367
– –

57.9 57.6
12.7 11.6
22.3 23.9
3.0 5.7
68.8 73.8
61.7 66.9
– –

1,386,738 1,507,306
-19,031 -34,444
1,367,707 1,472,862

3.1 8.7
-0.2 0.1
5.6 6.6

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 1.9 11.3
1,386,738 1,507,306
1,006,201 1,105,900
814,517 906,534
871 1,039
871 1,039
297,066 319,445
278,703 297,522

18,362 21,923
… …
958,334 1,081,341
886,828 968,470
71,505 112,871
874,862 999,380
751,773 850,364
123,088 149,016
– –

1.9 11.3
5.3 3.9
7.5 7.5
15.4 12.8
17.7 14.2

344,174 427,116
402,874 474,320
454,019 550,985
-41,551 -63,555
-9,594 -13,110

29.4 30.8
26.1 26.5
22.3 23.9

47,433 54,768
46,158 52,822

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 123.1 127.2
112.1 120.8
111.4 118.6

2.5 3.3
1.7 5.8
9.5 7.8
5.7 6.5

1,241,022 1,551,619
987,344 1,296,136
253,678 255,483

26.1 25.0
23.3 31.3

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MALAYSIA
Asian Development Bank (ADB)
Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2023
https://kidb.adb.org

POPULATION

LABOR FORCEb calendar year ('000)

Employed
Unemployed

GOVERNMENT FINANCE fiscal year ending 31 December (RM million)

Central Government
Revenue
Taxes
Taxes on income, profits, and capital gains

Payable by individuals
Payable by corporations and other enterprises
Other taxes on income, profits, and capital gains
Taxes on payroll and workforce
Taxes on property
Taxes on goods and services
Taxes on international trade and transaction
Other taxes
Social contributions
Grants
Other revenue
Expense
Compensation of employees
Use of goods and services
Consumption of fixed capital
Interest
Subsidies
Grants
Social benefits
Other expense
Net operating balance
Gross operating balance
Transactions in Nonfinancial Assets
Net/gross investment in nonfinancial assets
Fixed assets
Inventories

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 Valuables
Nonproduced assets
Expenditure
Net lending/Net borrowing
Primary balance
Transactions in Financial Assets and Liabilities (Financing)
Net acquisition of financial assets
Domestic
External
Net incurrence of liabilities
Domestic
External

Government Finance (% of GDP at current market prices)

Revenue
Taxes
Taxes payable by individuals
Taxes payable by corporations and other enterprises
Expenditure
Net lending/Net borrowing
Primary balance

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_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate
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_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate
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lớp:232_71ECON20033_16
nhóm

chỉ tiêu ký hiệu

dân số

Lực lượng lao động

Số người có việc làm
Số người thất nghiệp

tài chính chính phủ

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 2000 2005 2008 2015 2019 2020

9,556 10,413 11,028 14,518 15,582 15,668

9,269 10,045 10,660 14,068 15,073 14,957
287 368 369 450 508 711

62,291 106,303 159,793 219,089 264,415 225,076

48,709 80,593 112,897 165,441 180,566 154,398
27,016 49,596 76,898 101,559 123,214 101,790

7,015 8,649 14,966 26,321 38,680 38,953

19,915 40,947 61,932 75,238 84,534 62,837
87 – – – – –
– – – – – –
250 – – – – –
15,449 21,580 25,345 55,873 48,197 44,300
4,631 5,470 5,414 3,771 3,859 3,092
1,364 3,947 5,239 4,238 5,296 5,215
– – – – – –
– – – – – –
13,582 25,710 46,896 53,648 83,849 70,678
64,545 96,141 150,664 215,275 262,573 262,018
16,357 25,587 41,011 70,050 80,534 82,996
8,642 17,984 25,197 36,373 31,507 29,323
… … … … … …
9,055 11,604 12,797 24,283 32,933 34,495
12,545 13,387 35,165 9,356 11,374 22,760
11,771 20,427 25,623 37,319 66,050 28,892
4,187 6,809 10,022 36,785 38,421 56,211
1,988 343 849 1,108 1,755 7,341
… … … … … …
-2,254 10,162 9,130 3,814 1,842 -36,942

18,140 30,605 43,076 40,319 52,828 49,962

… … … … … …
… … … … … …

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 – – – … … …
… … … … … …
82,685 126,746 193,739 255,594 315,401 311,980
-20,394 -20,443 -33,946 -36,505 -50,986 -86,905
-11,339 -8,839 -21,149 -12,222 -18,054 -52,410

… -11,245 1,234 3,403 746 -284

… -11,245 1,234 3,403 746 -284
… – – – – –
… 9,197 35,180 39,658 51,732 86,590
… 15,647 37,799 38,931 24,039 65,224
… -6,450 -2,619 727 27,693 21,366

17.5 19.6 20.8 18.6 17.5 15.9

13.7 14.8 14.7 14.1 11.9 10.9
2.0 1.6 1.9 2.2 2.6 2.7
5.6 7.5 8.0 6.4 5.6 4.4
23.2 23.3 25.2 21.7 20.8 22.0
-5.7 -3.8 -4.4 -3.1 -3.4 -6.1
-3.2 -1.6 -2.7 -1.0 -1.2 -3.7

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 2021 2022

15,797 …
15,064 …
733 …

233,752 …
173,703 …
118,450 …

27,052 …
91,398 …
– …
– …
– …
45,225 …
4,703 …
5,326 …
– …
– …
60,049 …
267,217 …
85,854 …
24,924 …
… …
38,069 …
25,676 …
29,138 …
54,136 …
9,420 …
… …
-33,465 …

65,286 …
… …
… …

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 … …
… …
332,503 …
-98,751 …
-60,682 …

1,567 …
1,567 …
– …
100,318 …
64,928 …
35,390 …

15.1 …
11.2 …
1.8 …
5.9 …
21.5 …
-6.4 …
-3.9 …

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MALAYSIA
Asian Development Bank (ADB)
Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2023
https://kidb.adb.org

POPULATION

LABOR FORCEb calendar year ('000)

Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate (%)

NATIONAL ACCOUNTS calendar year (RM million)

At Current Prices
GDP by industrial origin at current market prices
Net factor income from abroad

GNI
Expenditure on GDP at current market prices
Price Indexes (% annual change)
Consumer price index
Food and nonalcoholic beverages price index
Producer price index
Implicit GDP deflator

MONEY AND INTEREST RATESr as of end of period (RM million)

Money supply (M1)
Currency in circulation
Demand deposits
Quasi-money
Money supply (M2)
Money supply (M3)
Foreign assets (net)
Domestic credit
Claims on government sector (net)
Claims on private sector
Other items

Money Supply (M3) (% annual change)

M3 (% of GDP at current market prices)

Deposit Money Banks

Demand deposits

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 Savings deposits
Time depositss
Loans and advancest

Interest Rates period averages (% per annum)

On deposits
Savings
Time: 6 months
12 months

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 MONEY AND INTEREST RATESr as of end of period (RM million)
Money supply (M1)
Currency in circulation
Demand deposits
Quasi-money
Money supply (M2)
Money supply (M3)
Foreign assets (net)
Domestic credit
Claims on government sector (net)
Claims on private sector
Other items

Money Supply (M3) (% annual change)

M3 (% of GDP at current market prices)

Deposit Money Banks

Demand deposits
Savings deposits
Time depositss
Loans and advancest

Interest Rates period averages (% per annum)

On deposits
Savings
Time: 6 months
12 months

GOVERNMENT FINANCE fiscal year ending 31 December (RM million)

Central Government
Revenue
Taxes
Taxes on income, profits, and capital gains
Payable by individuals
Payable by corporations and other enterprises
Other taxes on income, profits, and capital gains
Taxes on payroll and workforce
Taxes on property
Taxes on goods and services
Taxes on international trade and transaction
Other taxes

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 Social contributions
Grants
Other revenue
Expense
Compensation of employees
Use of goods and services
Consumption of fixed capital
Interest
Subsidies
Grants
Social benefits
Other expense
Net operating balance
Gross operating balance
Transactions in Nonfinancial Assets
Net/gross investment in nonfinancial assets
Fixed assets
Inventories
Valuables
Nonproduced assets
Expenditure
Net lending/Net borrowing
Primary balance
Transactions in Financial Assets and Liabilities (Financing)
Net acquisition of financial assets
Domestic
External
Net incurrence of liabilities
Domestic
External

Government Finance (% of GDP at current market prices)

Revenue
Taxes
Taxes payable by individuals
Taxes payable by corporations and other enterprises
Expenditure
Net lending/Net borrowing
Primary balance

Expenditure by Function, Central Government

Total expenditure
General public services
Defense
Public order and safety

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 Economic affairs
Environmental protection
Housing and community amenities
Health
Recreation, culture, and religion
Education
Social protection

Expenditure by Function (% of GDP at current market prices)

Education
Health
Social protection

EXTERNAL TRADE calendar year (RM million)

Exports, fob
Imports, cif
Trade balance

External Trade (% annual change)

Exports
Imports

Direction of Trade calendar year ($ million)

Exports, total
1. China, People's Republic of
2. Singapore
3. United States
4. Hong Kong, China
5. Japan
6. Thailand
7. India
8. Viet Nam
9. Taipei,China
10. Korea, Republic of

Imports, total
1. China, People's Republic of
2. Singapore
3. United States
4. Taipei,China
5. Japan
6. Indonesia
7. Korea, Republic of
8. Thailand
9. Germany

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 10. India

BALANCE OF PAYMENTSu calendar year ($ million)

Current account
Balance on goods
Exports
Imports
Balance on services
Credit
Debit
Balance on primary income
Credit
Debit
Balance on secondary income
Credit
Debit
Capital account
Credit
Debit
Financial account
Direct investment
Portfolio investment
Financial derivatives
Other investment
Net errors and omissions
Overall balance
Reserves and related items
International investment position

Balance of Payments (% of GDP at current market prices)

Exports
Imports
Balance on goods
Balance on services
Current account balance
Overall balance

INTERNATIONAL RESERVES as of end of period ($ million)

Total
Gold, national valuation
Foreign exchange
Reserve position in the IMF
SDRs

EXCHANGE RATES (RM–$)

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 End of period
Average of period

… = data not available; | = marks break in the series; – = magnitude equals zero; * = provisional, preliminary, estimate; 0 or 0
board; GDP = gross domestic product; GNI = gross national income; IMF = International Monetary Fund; km² = square kilomet
rights; t = metric ton.

a For 2020–2022, data refer to the mid-year population estimates based on the 2020 Population and Housing Census of Mal
of Malaysia. The series prior to 2020 will be revised by DOSM using the 2020 population census results.
b Starting from the Labour Force Survey 2019, Malaysia adopted the 19th International Conference of Labour Statisticians (IC
c For 2000, data refer to wholesale and retail trade; and restaurants and hotels.
d For 2000–2009, data refer to transport, storage, and communication.
e For 2000, data refer to finance, insurance, real estate, and business services. For 2001–2009, data refer to financial interm
f For 2000, data refer to community, social, and personal services. For 2001–2009, data refer to water supply; sewerage,
service activities; public administration and defense; compulsory social security; education; human health and social work a
extraterritorial organizations and bodies. For 2010 onward, data refer to public administration and defense; compulsory soc
with employed persons; and extraterritorial organizations and bodies.

g For 2000–2009, includes accommodation and food service activities.

h For 2000–2009, includes information and communication.
i For 2000–2009, included in wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles.
j For 2000–2009, included in transportation and storage.
k For 2005 onward, the volume of financial intermediation services indirectly measured has been distributed by type of econo
l Inclusive of valuables and statistical discrepancy.
m Includes NPISHs final consumption.
n Estimated as the difference between GDP by industrial origin at current market prices and the sum of household consumpti
o For 2005 onward, refers to the balance of primary income.
p Same as net current transfer data from the balance of payments.
q Data refer to the producer price index for local production.
r Data compilation was based on a new statistical reporting system, which follows the fixing of the ringgit–United States do
exchange rates prevailing on the reporting date; and the exchange revaluation gain has been reflected in Bank Negara Mal
s For 2007 onward, refers to fixed deposits, special investment deposits, general investment deposits, and Tawarruq fixed de
t Refers to loans by commercial and Islamic banks, and includes loans sold to Cagamas (the national mortgage corporation o
u Prior to 2005, follows the IMF's Balance of Payments Manual (fifth edition). For 2005 onward, follows the IMF's Balance of P
dollars using average period exchange rates from the IMF.

Sources:

Population

Labor Force

National Accounts

Production Indexes

Agriculture

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 Mining
Manufacturing

Energy

Consumption

Price Indexes

Money and Interest Rates

Government Finance

External Trade

Direction of Trade

Balance of Payments

International Reserves

Exchange Rates

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lớp:232_71ECON20033_16
nhóm

chỉ tiêu ký hiệu

dân số

Lực lượng lao động

Số người có việc làm
Số người thất nghiệp
Tỷ lệ thất nghiệp U

CÁC TÀI KHOẢN QUỐC GIA

Theo giá hiện hành
GDP theo giá thị trường hiện hành = GDP danh nghĩa GDPn
Thu nhập yếu tố ròng từ nước ngoài (NFP) NFFI

Tổng thu nhập quốc gia GNPn=GNI

Chi tiêu trên GDP theo giá thị trường hiện hành GDP danh nghĩa

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 * = provisional, preliminary, estimate; 0 or 0.0 = magnitude is less than half of unit employed; $ = United States dollars; cif = cost, insuran
ational Monetary Fund; km² = square kilometer; kWh = kilowatt-hour; L = liter; NPISHs = nonprofit institutions serving households; RM = rin

2020 Population and Housing Census of Malaysia. For 2010–2019, data refer to the mid-year population estimates based on the 2010 Pop
population census results.
ational Conference of Labour Statisticians (ICLS) resolution concerning statistics of work, employment and labor underutilization.

For 2001–2009, data refer to financial intermediation.

2009, data refer to water supply; sewerage, waste management, and remediation activities; professional, scientific, and technical activitie
y; education; human health and social work activities; arts, entertainment, and recreation; other service activities; activities of households a
administration and defense; compulsory social security; education; health and social work; other community, social, and personal service

s and motorcycles.

asured has been distributed by type of economic activity.

t prices and the sum of household consumption expenditure and government consumption expenditure.

ows the fixing of the ringgit–United States dollar exchange rate at RM3.80 = $1.00. All assets and liabilities in foreign currencies have be
gain has been reflected in Bank Negara Malaysia's records. In April 2007, money supply (M3) was revised to include "other deposits."
l investment deposits, and Tawarruq fixed deposits.
Cagamas (the national mortgage corporation of Malaysia).
r 2005 onward, follows the IMF's Balance of Payments and International Investment Position Manual (sixth edition). Figures were converted

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 2000 2005 2008 2015 2019 2020

9,556 10,413 11,028 14,518 15,582 15,668

9,269 10,045 10,660 14,068 15,073 14,957
287 368 369 450 508 711
3.0 3.5 3.3 3.1 3.3 4.5

356,401 543,578 769,949 1,176,941 1,512,738 1,418,000

-28,909 -23,943 -23,033 -32,112 -39,496 -28,520

327,492 519,635 746,916 1,144,829 1,473,242 1,389,480

356,400 543,578 769,949 1,176,941 1,512,738 1,418,000
1.5 2.9 5.4 2.1 0.7 -1.2
2.1 3.7 8.8 3.6 1.7 1.3
… … 13.1 -7.4 -1.4 -2.7
… … 10.4 -0.4 0.1 -0.8

78,516 124,338 183,047 360,503 452,560 523,663

22,264 30,178 40,425 76,914 100,559 118,381
56,252 94,160 142,623 283,589 352,000 405,282
278,051 497,009 720,382 1,235,351 1,498,008 1,513,818
356,567 621,346 903,430 1,595,854 1,950,568 2,037,481
458,363 672,835 931,865 1,603,938 1,961,554 2,040,994
122,213 259,875 331,800 521,246 521,814 525,605
476,283 631,453 855,127 1,655,006 2,171,047 2,298,975
-11,826 -9,917 31,408 96,686 194,584 252,804
488,109 641,370 823,719 1,558,321 1,976,463 2,046,171
-140,133 -218,493 -255,063 -572,314 -731,307 -783,587

5.1 8.3 11.9 3.0 3.5 4.0

128.6 123.8 121.0 136.3 129.7 143.9

54,627 99,243 149,509 291,809 360,386 420,465

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 37,702 70,535 92,218 135,591 169,975 212,341
201,391 357,222 451,380 789,428 1,002,298 966,529
314,798 526,772 721,797 1,445,105 1,771,589 1,831,157

2.74 1.47 1.42 1.06 1.01 0.61

0.00 3.00 3.26 3.19 3.05 2.01
0.00 3.70 3.68 3.31 3.17 2.13

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 78,516 124,338 183,047 360,503 452,560 523,663
22,264 30,178 40,425 76,914 100,559 118,381
56,252 94,160 142,623 283,589 352,000 405,282
278,051 497,009 720,382 1,235,351 1,498,008 1,513,818
356,567 621,346 903,430 1,595,854 1,950,568 2,037,481
458,363 672,835 931,865 1,603,938 1,961,554 2,040,994
122,213 259,875 331,800 521,246 521,814 525,605
476,283 631,453 855,127 1,655,006 2,171,047 2,298,975
-11,826 -9,917 31,408 96,686 194,584 252,804
488,109 641,370 823,719 1,558,321 1,976,463 2,046,171
-140,133 -218,493 -255,063 -572,314 -731,307 -783,587

5.1 8.3 11.9 3.0 3.5 4.0

128.6 123.8 121.0 136.3 129.7 143.9

54,627 99,243 149,509 291,809 360,386 420,465

37,702 70,535 92,218 135,591 169,975 212,341
201,391 357,222 451,380 789,428 1,002,298 966,529
314,798 526,772 721,797 1,445,105 1,771,589 1,831,157

2.74 1.47 1.42 1.06 1.01 0.61

0.00 3.00 3.26 3.19 3.05 2.01
0.00 3.70 3.68 3.31 3.17 2.13

62,291 106,303 159,793 219,089 264,415 225,076

48,709 80,593 112,897 165,441 180,566 154,398
27,016 49,596 76,898 101,559 123,214 101,790
7,015 8,649 14,966 26,321 38,680 38,953
19,915 40,947 61,932 75,238 84,534 62,837
87 – – – – –
– – – – – –
250 – – – – –
15,449 21,580 25,345 55,873 48,197 44,300
4,631 5,470 5,414 3,771 3,859 3,092
1,364 3,947 5,239 4,238 5,296 5,215

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 – – – – – –
– – – – – –
13,582 25,710 46,896 53,648 83,849 70,678
64,545 96,141 150,664 215,275 262,573 262,018
16,357 25,587 41,011 70,050 80,534 82,996
8,642 17,984 25,197 36,373 31,507 29,323
… … … … … …
9,055 11,604 12,797 24,283 32,933 34,495
12,545 13,387 35,165 9,356 11,374 22,760
11,771 20,427 25,623 37,319 66,050 28,892
4,187 6,809 10,022 36,785 38,421 56,211
1,988 343 849 1,108 1,755 7,341
… … … … … …
-2,254 10,162 9,130 3,814 1,842 -36,942

18,140 30,605 43,076 40,319 52,828 49,962

… … … … … …
… … … … … …
– – – … … …
… … … … … …
82,685 126,746 193,739 255,594 315,401 311,980
-20,394 -20,443 -33,946 -36,505 -50,986 -86,905
-11,339 -8,839 -21,149 -12,222 -18,054 -52,410

… -11,245 1,234 3,403 746 -284

… -11,245 1,234 3,403 746 -284
… – – – – –
… 9,197 35,180 39,658 51,732 86,590
… 15,647 37,799 38,931 24,039 65,224
… -6,450 -2,619 727 27,693 21,366

17.5 19.6 20.8 18.6 17.5 15.9

13.7 14.8 14.7 14.1 11.9 10.9
2.0 1.6 1.9 2.2 2.6 2.7
5.6 7.5 8.0 6.4 5.6 4.4
23.2 23.3 25.2 21.7 20.8 22.0
-5.7 -3.8 -4.4 -3.1 -3.4 -6.1
-3.2 -1.6 -2.7 -1.0 -1.2 -3.7

76,990 126,746 193,739 255,592 315,401 311,949

… 44,990 68,859 89,469 134,480 93,171
… 11,817 14,717 17,476 13,565 14,228
… 6,071 9,572 14,461 15,478 16,345

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 … 22,174 32,291 39,559 42,042 58,845
… … … … 1,859 1,495
… 6,178 10,634 14,444 14,102 32,945
… 8,723 13,246 23,366 29,701 31,675
… … … … … …
… 26,794 44,420 56,817 64,175 63,245
… … … … … …

… 4.9 5.8 4.8 4.2 4.5

… 1.6 1.7 2.0 2.0 2.2
… … … … … …

373,270 536,234 663,014 777,355 995,072 983,827

311,459 432,871 519,804 685,778 849,411 800,481
61,811 103,363 143,209 91,577 145,661 183,345

16.1 11.4 9.7 1.6 -0.8 -1.1

25.3 8.3 3.5 0.4 -3.5 -5.8

98,154 140,973 199,515 199,956 238,104 233,959

3,028 9,303 19,049 25,987 33,681 37,774
18,050 22,010 29,416 27,808 33,042 33,941
20,162 27,763 24,936 18,880 23,150 26,003
4,440 8,241 8,530 9,482 16,063 16,236
12,780 13,181 21,466 18,999 15,757 14,718
3,550 7,585 9,571 11,403 13,479 10,793
1,925 3,955 7,413 8,128 9,064 7,286
475 1,160 2,437 4,452 8,383 7,361
3,729 3,913 4,894 6,075 8,914 8,064
3,235 4,737 7,800 6,475 8,149 8,238

82,205 113,609 156,896 175,966 204,835 190,321

3,237 13,177 20,084 33,155 42,372 40,924
11,763 13,425 17,293 21,052 21,608 17,615
13,668 14,789 16,969 14,194 16,576 16,652
4,611 6,331 7,570 9,373 13,766 13,735
17,331 16,634 19,592 13,785 15,347 14,589
2,269 4,375 7,269 7,950 9,363 8,800
3,663 5,706 7,292 7,968 9,364 10,695
3,176 6,045 8,802 10,691 10,663 8,253
2,441 5,088 6,745 6,009 6,455 5,538

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 725 1,100 3,105 3,901 5,856 5,944

8,487 20,693 39,395 9,001 12,775 14,058

20,827 34,367 51,076 27,967 30,112 32,708
98,430 142,769 198,588 174,440 197,288 185,682
-77,602 108,402 147,512 146,473 167,176 152,974
-10,416 -2,871 467 -5,283 -2,625 -11,220
15,926 19,280 31,069 34,847 41,092 22,117
-26,341 22,150 30,602 40,130 43,717 33,336
… -6,322 -6,905 -8,222 -9,534 -6,785
… 5,447 12,092 12,463 15,774 12,638
… 11,769 18,996 20,685 25,309 19,423
-1,924 -4,481 -5,243 -5,460 -5,178 -646
756 300 424 3,053 4,081 6,467
-2,680 4,781 5,667 8,514 9,259 7,113
… – 201 -291 90 -100
… – 256 3 109 32
… – 55 294 20 132
-6,276 -9,768 -35,698 -14,172 -9,179 -18,412
1,762 990 -7,793 -464 1,582 740
-2,472 -3,669 -24,939 -6,689 -7,822 -11,796
-58 -608 -170 -115 97
-5,565 -7,030 -2,358 -6,851 -2,824 -7,453
-3,186 -7,347 -9,369 6,422 -1,653 -136
-974 23,114 65,925 29,305 20,390 32,234
974 23,114 65,925 29,305 20,390 32,234
– -19,785 31,413 27,955 -9,377 19,151

104.9 99.5 86.0 57.9 54.0 55.0

82.7 75.5 63.9 48.6 45.8 45.3
22.2 23.9 22.1 9.3 8.2 9.7
-11.1 -2.0 0.2 -1.8 -0.7 -3.3
9.0 14.4 17.1 3.0 3.5 4.2
-1.0 16.1 28.6 9.7 5.6 9.6

28,624 70,152 91,528 95,287 103,613 107,636

294 295 379 1,309 1,887 2,356
27,432 69,377 90,605 91,429 99,467 102,642
792 285 317 767 1,120 1,451
105 196 226 1,783 1,139 1,187

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 3.80 3.78 3.46 4.29 4.09 4.01
3.80 3.79 3.34 3.91 4.14 4.20

States dollars; cif = cost, insurance, and freight; fob = free on

ns serving households; RM = ringgit; SDRs = special drawing

estimates based on the 2010 Population and Housing Census

labor underutilization.

scientific, and technical activities; administrative and support

ivities; activities of households as employers; and activities of
nity, social, and personal service activities; private households

ies in foreign currencies have been revalued to ringgit at the

d to include "other deposits."

edition). Figures were converted from ringgit to United States

Government of Malaysia, Department of Statistics

(DOS). Official communication, 30 March 2023;
DOS. Official communication, 30 March 2023;
past communication.
DOS. Official communication, 30 March 2023;
past communication.

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United

Nations. FAOSTAT Database.

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permission.
DOS. Official communication, 30 March 2023;
past communication.

DOS. Official communication, 30 March 2023;

past communication.
For 2000–2012: United Nations. 2014. Energy
Statistics Yearbook
For 2013–2022: 2011.
DOS. Newcommunication,
Official York; past issues.
30
March 2023; past communication.
DOS. Official communication, 30 March 2023;
past communication.
Bank Negara Malaysia. Official communication,
27 March 2023; past communication.
Government of Malaysia, Ministry of Finance.
Official communication, 22 March 2023; past
DOS. Official communication, 30 March 2023;
past communication.
International Monetary Fund (IMF). Direction of
Trade Statistics. https://data.imf.org/?
sk=9D6028D4-F14A-464C-A2F2-
59B2CD424B85&sId=1390030341854
DOS. Official communication, 30 March (accessed
2023;
past communication.
IMF. International Financial Statistics.
https://data.imf.org/ (accessed 30 June 2023).
IMF. International Financial Statistics.
https://data.imf.org/ (accessed 30 June 2023).

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 2021 2022

15,797 …
15,064 …
733 …
4.6 …

1,545,372 1,788,183
-41,551 -63,555

1,503,821 1,724,629
1,545,372 1,788,183
2.5 3.3
1.7 5.8
9.5 7.8
5.7 6.5

578,302 602,972
136,711 146,609
441,591 456,363
1,587,505 1,655,323
2,165,807 2,258,295
2,171,799 2,265,667
575,638 562,781
2,406,646 2,558,674
282,940 324,757
2,123,706 2,233,916
-810,486 -855,788

6.4 4.3
140.5 126.7

458,471 478,819

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 243,373 229,456
977,453 1,040,509
1,915,612 2,024,147

0.54 0.68
1.64 2.03
1.72 2.11

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 578,302 602,972
136,711 146,609
441,591 456,363
1,587,505 1,655,323
2,165,807 2,258,295
2,171,799 2,265,667
575,638 562,781
2,406,646 2,558,674
282,940 324,757
2,123,706 2,233,916
-810,486 -855,788

6.4 4.3
140.5 126.7

458,471 478,819
243,373 229,456
977,453 1,040,509
1,915,612 2,024,147

0.54 0.68
1.64 2.03
1.72 2.11

233,752 …
173,703 …
118,450 …
27,052 …
91,398 …
– …
– …
– …
45,225 …
4,703 …
5,326 …

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 – …
– …
60,049 …
267,217 …
85,854 …
24,924 …
… …
38,069 …
25,676 …
29,138 …
54,136 …
9,420 …
… …
-33,465 …

65,286 …
… …
… …
… …
… …
332,503 …
-98,751 …
-60,682 …

1,567 …
1,567 …
– …
100,318 …
64,928 …
35,390 …

15.1 …
11.2 …
1.8 …
5.9 …
21.5 …
-6.4 …
-3.9 …

332,503 …
104,448 …
15,552 …
16,769 …

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 58,770 …
1,438 …
33,851 …
36,106 …
… …
65,570 …
… …

4.2 …
2.3 …
… …

1,241,022 1,551,619
987,344 1,296,136
253,678 255,483

26.1 25.0
23.3 31.3

299,038 352,338
46,307 47,844
41,826 52,744
34,348 37,982
18,482 21,676
18,167 22,298
12,642 14,971
10,891 12,443
10,978 12,217
9,777 11,758
9,083 12,441

239,208 295,276
55,517 62,955
22,681 30,884
18,205 22,893
18,133 24,034
17,833 18,969
13,570 16,923
12,095 13,612
11,202 13,022
6,175 6,823

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 5,943 7,187

14,168 10,726
41,168 38,465
235,821 268,430
194,653 229,965
-14,657 -10,320
20,935 31,572
35,592 41,891
-10,028 -14,441
23,693 20,123
33,721 34,564
-2,316 -2,979
4,949 5,513
7,264 8,492
-138 -105
19 22
157 127
3,143 3,368
6,870 3,629
4,530 -11,658
-543 -495
-7,714 11,893
-6,146 -1,875
4,741 5,378
4,741 5,378
20,491 14,324

63.2 66.1
52.2 56.6
11.0 9.5
-3.9 -2.5
3.8 2.6
1.3 1.3

116,890 114,651
2,250 2,258
107,184 105,250
1,429 1,407
6,028 5,737

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 4.18 4.41
4.14 4.40

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MALAYSIA
Asian Development Bank (ADB)
Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2023
https://kidb.adb.org

POPULATION
Total populationa as of 1 July (million)
Population density (persons/km²)
Population (% annual change)
Urban population (% of total population)

LABOR FORCEb calendar year ('000)

Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate (%)
Labor force (% annual change)

Labor force participation rate (%)

Growth of Output (% annual change)

GDP
Agriculture
Industry
Services

At Current Market Prices (RM)

Per capita GDP
Per capita GNI

PRICE INDEXES period averages

Consumer; 2010 = 100
Producerq; 2000 | 2005 | 2010 = 100
Implicit GDP deflator; 2000 | 2005 | 2010 | 2015 = 100

Price Indexes (% annual change)

Consumer price index
Producer price index
Implicit GDP deflator

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lớp:232_71ECON20033_16
nhóm

chỉ tiêu ký hiệu

dân số

Lực lượng lao động

Số người có việc làm
Số người thất nghiệp
Tỷ lệ thất nghiệp U
Lực lượng lao động( Tỉ lệ gia tăng hàng năm)

Tỷ lệ tham gia lực lượng lao động

Tốc độ tăng trưởng GDP

Tốc độ tăng trưởng ngành nông nghiệp
Tốc độ tăng trưởng ngành công nghiệp
Tốc độ tăng trưởng ngành dịch vụ

Theo giá thị trường hiện hành

GDP bình quân đầu người
GNI bình quân đầu người

Các chỉ số giá -

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 2000 2005 2008 2015 2019 2020

23.49 26.05 27.57 31.19 32.52 | 32.45

71 79 83 94 98 | 98
2.5 2.1 2.0 1.6 0.4 | …
62.0 66.5 69.2 74.3 76.2 75.1

9,556 10,413 11,028 14,518 15,582 15,668

9,269 10,045 10,660 14,068 15,073 14,957
287 368 369 450 508 711
3.0 3.5 3.3 3.1 3.3 4.5
4.4 0.6 1.3 1.8 2.0 0.6

65.4 63.3 62.6 67.9 68.7 68.4

8.9 5.3 4.8 5.1 4.4 -5.5

6.1 2.6 3.8 1.4 1.9 -2.4
13.6 3.6 0.3 5.2 2.6 -6.1
6.0 7.3 8.9 5.3 6.2 -5.6

15,172 20,870 27,929 37,739 46,513 43,698

13,942 19,951 27,094 36,710 45,298 42,819

80.4 87.7 97.7 112.8 121.5 120.1

100.0 100.0 125.8 102.2 105.2 102.4
100.0 100.0 120.4 100.0 106.2 105.4

1.5 2.9 5.4 2.1 0.7 -1.2

… … 13.1 -7.4 -1.4 -2.7
… … 10.4 -0.4 0.1 -0.8

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 2021 2022

32.58 32.65
98 99
0.4 0.2
75.3 75.5

15,797 …
15,064 …
733 …
4.6 …
0.8 …

68.6 …

3.1 8.7
-0.2 0.1
5.6 6.6
1.9 11.3

47,433 54,768
46,158 52,822

123.1 127.2
112.1 120.8
111.4 118.6

2.5 3.3
9.5 7.8
5.7 6.5

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