The Movement Analysis of a Jump Float Volleyball Serve

Alin Richard & Kylee Garrison

For educational purposes only

Introduction
According to Andrea Ciuffarella, Luca Russo, Francesco Masedu, Marco Valenti, Riccardo Marco De Angelis the main goals of serving are: to score an ace or to make the opposing team's receiving and attack more difficult,
compatibly to the skills of the opponents. A jump float volleyball serve is characterized by a low trajectory toss, late in the service approach, and a submaximal jump according to Sasho MacKenzie, Kyle Kortegaard, Marc LeVangie,
and Brett Barro. According to Jonathan Reeser, Glenn Fleisig, and Becky Bolt the jump float volleyball serve can be broken down into the approach, takeoff, arm cocking, arm acceleration, and follow-through.

Approach Takeoff Arm Cocking Arm Acceleration Follow-Through

The approach phase consists of three steps The takeoff phase occurs when the athlete In the arm cocking phase the dominant arm During the arm acceleration phase the The last phase is the follow-through,
and a toss. It begins with a large left step, channels the energy created from the shifts from external rotation to internal individual externally rotates the shoulder, specifically of the the right arm after
followed by two quick steps (right then left). approach into the floor in order jump. The rotation. The athlete is still in the air and extending the dominant arm to make contact with the ball is made. The
The first left step engages the leg as a primary arm stays bent behind the head of should be approaching the height of her contact with the ball. At this point, the athlete should land on both feet and
stabilizer, causing quick shifts between the the athlete, while the non-dominant arm jump. The athlete still does not contact the athlete should reach the maximum height of face the net as she completes her
eccentric and concentric muscle groups of remains stretched out in front. At this point ball, however, this puts the arm and her jump, along with maximum extension of follow-through. The follow through
the quadriceps and the hamstrings. The leg the ball should be reaching its peak in the shoulder in a good position to do so. The her arm. As the athlete contacts the ball, phase occurs after the athlete contacts
should be partially bent, engaging the core air. The athlete is in a squat position, elbow must stay about eye level. If it drops she engages her core. Her core allows her the ball. If the follow-through occurred
for stability and the eccentric qualities of the stretching the sarcomeres of the below this position, this places the hand in to pull in her left, non-dominant arm, simultaneously with ball contact, this
hamstrings for power. Core stiffness allows quadriceps. when the athlete jumps, she a poor position, causing the athlete to transversely twisting the pelvis anteriorly. would cause the ball to spin. The
for the stabilizer to be more effective. The transfers the force created from core contact the bottom of the ball rather than This proximal stiffness of the core allows for follow-through returns the arm back to
stabilizer can generate the force and power activation through the distal regions of the the middle. If the elbow is too high, the distal strength and mobility. The core also its normal position. The scapular
from the core and channel that energy into body. She pushes off the ground with both elbow becomes too extended. As a result, allows for the athlete to increase the rotation aids in this step. In the above
the ground. This allows for the athlete to legs, enhancing the concentric abilities of the core is not engaged and the arm cannot velocity of her right swinging arm as the left picture the athlete lands on one foot.
travel further distance between the first left the quadriceps through the stretch response generate enough power. As the arm arm drops. The right hand should be open This places too much pressure on the
step and the two following steps. The next and the eccentric qualities of the becomes more extended, the individual has and flat when contacting the center of the tibia and fibula. If too much repetition of
two steps occur quickly. Core engagement hamstrings. During the serve, the athlete less control over their arm. It is important ball. The wrist should not bend much during this motion occurs, the athlete could
allows for the pelvis to turn outwardly with wants only a submaximal jump. As a result, when the arm shifts from external to internal contact. These two components allow for eventually develop a fracture or other
both legs planting underneath. This phase the athlete has to consciously control how rotation that the scapula moves first. If not, the ball to float. issues.
may look similar to that of the athletic much force she is generating. By the end of it could cause damage to some of the
position. The knees are bent, shoulders are this phase, the athlete should be completely tendons and ligaments in the shoulder
back, arms draw backwards, and the in the air with the same arm position as region.
athlete prepares to jump. described previously.

Figure 3
Conclusion Figure 3 References
In conclusion, the five stages of a jump float volleyball serve occur rapidly and often can be confused if not broken down frame-by-frame. MacKenzie, S., Kortegaard, K., LeVangie, M., & Barro, B. (2012). Evaluation of Two Methods of the Jump Float Serve in Volleyball. Journal of Applied Biomechanics, 28(5), 579–586. Retrieved from
http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=s3h&AN=85270335&site=ehost-live

The rapid flexion and extension of the legs allows the athlete to transmit the power generated from the core into the ground. As her arms CIUFFARELLA, A., RUSSO, L., MASEDU, F., VALENTI, M., IZZO, R. E., & DE ANGELIS, M. (2013). Notational Analysis of the Volleyball Serve. Timisoara Physical Education & Rehabilitation Journal, 6(11), 29–35. Retrieved from
http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=s3h&AN=95386530&site=ehost-live

are elevated they switch from external, internal, and lastly external rotation during the serve. The contact point should be high with a flat Reeser, J., Fleisig, G., Bolt, B., (2010). Upper Limb Biomechanics During the Volleyball Serve and Spike. Retrieved from https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/1941738110374624?utm_source=summon&utm_medium=discovery-provider

hand contact in the center of the ball. Follow-through should occur after contact, returning the body to a normal position.