CHO Programs CHN2
CHO Programs CHN2
(DOH PROGRAMS)
DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE
Dagupan City
is one of the highly urbanized city of the Province of
Pangasinan.
It is classified as a second income class city.
The City covers a total land area of 40, 079, 278.93 meters or
about 4, 008 hectares (as per City Assessor’s Record).
However, the digitized cadastral maps reveal that the sum of
the lands within Dagupan’s boundaries is 4, 447.10 hectares. It
is bounded by the Lingayen Gulf in the north, San Fabian in
the northeast, Mangaldan in the east, Calasiao in the south
and Binmaley in the west.
It is sub-divided into 31 barangays, 5 of which are islands, 3
are coastal and the rest are either inland or river barangays.
2024 Population- 180,162
Barangays:
23 Inland or River Barangays:
5 Island Barangays:
❖ Calmay
❖ Carael
❖ Lomboy
❖ Pugaro
❖ Salapingao
Mission:
“Health for all Dagupeños through efficient and cost-effective
implementation of preventive, promotive and curative health
programs by professionalized health work force through adequate,
accessible, accurate, equitable and quality health care delivery.”
Community Health
Public health is the science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life and
promoting health and efficiency through organized community efforts for the
sanitation of the environment, the control of the communicable infections, the
education of the individuals in personal hygiene.
Primary Health Care is essential health care made universally accessible
to individuals and families in the community by means acceptable to
them through their full participation and at a cost that the community and
country can afford..
It is the first level of contact of individuals and the family with the national
health system bringing health care as close as possible to where people
live and work ans establishes the first element of a continuing care
process.
The primary health center (PHC) is the basic structural and functional unit
of the public health services in developing countries, to provide
accessible, affordable and available primary health care to people.
Factors in Community Health
Socio-cultural factors, including the beliefs, norms and traditions of a place, shape attitudes
toward health and influence the habits that contribute to healthful practices or detract from
them.
Access is a key point for health professionals—giving everyone, but especially those most on the
margins—access to healthy food, safe and reliable child care, after-school programs and
transportation services.
Geographical and environmental health factors are also priorities, including disease prevalence,
overcrowding, industrial development and pollution levels.
Community health workers think through the “how” as much as the “what,” taking on the
responsibility of the long-term wellness of vulnerable populations. That includes collaborating
across multiple sectors, employing culturally sensitive methods, and using scientific and
evidence-based approaches to address not just the needs, but also the interests of the defined
group.
The benefit to individuals is obvious, if not always immediate. But the benefits extend to the
framework of the community itself, and to schools, businesses and gathering places. Money is
saved, absenteeism is reduced, mental health improves and the spread of disease declines.
Community health workers are integral to creating and maintaining welcoming and comfortable
communities for all.
A. Maternal Care and Services
Objectives of Maternal Child Health:
1. To reduce maternal mortality and morbidity.
2. To reduce neonatal mortality and morbidity.
3. To regulate fertility so as to have wanted and healthy
children when desired
4. Provide basic maternal and child health care to all mother
and children.
5. Promote and protect health of mothers.
6. Promote and protect physical growth and psycho-social
development of children.
Maternal Care encompasses the package of health interventions and
services that must be provided to women from the time they become
pregnant, during delivery and post partum period which is up to 42
days after delivery.
The following enumerates the key maternal care and services that are
tracked through the FHSIS.
Target Clients – pregnant women
safety of the mother and the child
Intra-Partum Care:
Delivery attended by skilled health professionals
Delivery in a health facility
Post-Partum Care:
Given at least 2 PP check-ups with their newborns within 7 days after delivery
Micronutrient supplementation of iron with folic acid for 3 months
Provision of 1 dose of Vitamin A supplementation within 1 month after delivery
BREASTFEEDING:
FP Methods
❖ Permanent ( Vasectomy and
Bilateral Tubal Ligation)
❖ Temporary ( pill, iud,
dmpa/injectables, condom,
fertility awareness- based
methods)
C. Child Care and Nutrition Services
Child Care encompasses the package of health interventions and services that must
be provided to the newborns, infants, under-five children, school-aged children and
children of older age groups (10-19 years old) including management of sick children.
Some newborn care services however are reported as part of the Prenatal Care (e.g.
Td immunization). The following enumerates the key child care and services that are
tracked through the FHSIS.
Newborn Care (0-28 days)
❑ Immunization at birth (Hepatitis B1, BCG within 24 hours)
❑ Protection at birth from neonatal tetanus
❑ Initiation of breastfeeding lasting for 90 minutes
❑ Low birth weight infants, ages 1-3 months, seen and given iron supplementation
❑ Micronutrient Supplementation: Vit.A and micronutrient powder (MNP) for 6-23 months old
Under-five Children Care (1-4 years old)
❑ Immunization of MMR at 12 months
❑ Micronutrient Supplementation, Vit.A and Micronurient powder (MNP)
❑ Deworming, 2 doses, 6 months apart
Pregnant women
❖ Oral Examination
❖ Education and counselling on good oral hygiene, diet and adverse effects of
tobacco/smoking and alcohol and sweetened beverages & food
❖ Oral prophylaxis/scaling
❖ Gum Treatment
❖ Temporary filling
❖ Permanent filling
A healthy
community
benefits
every person
in it. And
community
health is one
means of
achieving a
healthy
community.
E. Infectious Disease Prevention and Control
Services
Filariasis Prevention and Control Services
Schistosomiasis Prevention and Control Services
Soil-Transmitted Helminthiasis Prevention and Control Services
STI Prevention and Control Services
Malaria Prevention and Control Services
Rabies Prevention and Control Services
National Tuberculosis Program Prevention and Control Services
Leprosy Prevention and Control Services
Rabies Prevention and Control Services
NATIONAL TUBERCULOSIS CONTROL PROGRAM
Infectious disease usually affecting the lungs caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Transmitted from TB patients through coughing
Most common sign is cough lasting for 2 weeks or more.
Diagnosed through sputum examination
Early signs:
Changes in skin
Loss of feeling on the lesions of the skin
Decrease or even loss of sweating, and hair growth over the skin lesions
Thickened or painful nerves in neck, forearm, near elbow & at back of knees
Weakness of limbs
Treatment & Management of Leprosy
Multi-Drug Therapy
According to the World Health Organization, it ranks 12 th among the major killer
disease (WHO,2002)
Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP)
anti-rabies prophylaxis administered after an exposure (such as bite,
scratch, lick, etc) to potentially rabid animals/humans. It includes local wound
care, administration of rabies vaccine with or without Rabies Immune Globulin
(RIG) depending on category of exposure.
❖ Category II
▪ Superficial scratch/abrasion without bleeding
▪ Superficial scratch/abrasion that is induced to bleed
▪ Nibbling of skin with brushing/hematoma
❖ Category III
▪ Transdermal bites or scratches with spontaneous bleeding (to include puncture wounds,
laceration, avulsions)
▪ Licking of mucous membrane
▪ All category II exposures on head and neck area
▪ Handling of infected carcass or ingestion of raw infected meat
▪ Licks on broken skin
F. Non- Communicable Disease Prevention and
Control Services
Non-communicable diseases are non-infectious in nature and thus do not spread like
communicable diseases. Most NCDs are chronic and last for a longer period of time.
NCDs account for approximately 71% of global deaths. Furthermore, these deaths are
concentrated in middle and low-income countries. The four major death-causing NCDs
are –
Cardiovascular Diseases
Cancer
Respiratory Diseases
Diabetes
The NCDs may occur due to lifestyle as well as genetic factors. Thus, some of them are
also termed lifestyle diseases. The risk factors for NCDs are mostly poor diet, lack of
exercise, inadequate sleep, smoking, alcohol consumption and stress.
Lifestyle diseases, like hypertension, diabetes, cancer, heart diseases, and stroke
are a part of non-communicable diseases (NCD). Mental health diseases like
trauma and depression are also included under this. Various physiological factors,
along with improper diet and exercise, are a major cause of most NCDs.
Physiological Factors
❖ Blood Pressure
❖ Cholesterol
❖ Blood Glucose
❖ Hyperlipidemia
❖ Overweight or Obesity
Behavioural Factors
❖ Sedentary Lifestyle
❖ Unbalanced Diet
❖ Stress
❖ Tobacco and Alcohol
❖ People of all ages, gender and region are prone to these risk factors . In
this, the behavioural factors are modifiable with proper lifestyle changes.
Hypertension
Hypertension is a sustained increase of systemic arterial blood pressure,
typically more than 150/90 mm Hg. Essential or primary hypertension is seen in
90% of total hypersensitive individuals. In most persons, obesity and a
sedentary lifestyle appear to play a major role in causing essential
hypertension. This is treatable but not curable. The high salt content in canned
and packaged foods can also lead to hypertension. Thus, it can be
prevented with a proper diet and lifestyle.
Regular Exercise – Approximately 1.6 million global deaths are attributed to a sedentary
lifestyle. Obesity is associated with many NCDs like coronary heart disease, type 2
diabetes, asthma, stroke and even some cancers.
Adequate Sleep – 6 to 8 hours of sound sleep is a must for a healthy body to function.
Inadequate sleep leads to an increase in stress levels, changes in blood pressure and
disturbance in the biological cycle.
Avoiding tobacco and alcohol – Avoiding alcohol will have an
impact on preventing depression, chronic liver diseases and even
motor vehicular injuries. Also, both chewing and smoking tobacco
contribute to cancer, chronic lung diseases, heart diseases and
strokes.
2. Industrial Establishments
❖ Agriculture, Fishery and Forestry
❖ Manufacturing
❖ Electricity, Water and Gas
❖ Construction
I. Natality
Under-five mortality rate is a number of deaths of children less than 5 years old,
divided by number of live births.
Under-five Deaths/ Under-five mortality Rate = no. of Under-five x 1000
no.of livebirths
𝐈𝐩𝐚𝐠𝐩𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐥𝐨𝐲 𝐧𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐧 𝐚𝐧𝐠 𝐤𝐮𝐦𝐩𝐢𝐲𝐚𝐧𝐬𝐚 𝐬𝐚 𝐛𝐚𝐰𝐚𝐭 𝐢𝐬𝐚, 𝐭𝐢𝐰𝐚𝐥𝐚 𝐬𝐚 𝐤𝐚𝐤𝐚𝐲𝐚𝐡𝐚𝐧 𝐧𝐠 𝐬𝐞𝐤𝐭𝐨𝐫 𝐧𝐠 𝐤𝐚𝐥𝐮𝐬𝐮𝐠𝐚𝐧, 𝐚𝐭
𝐤𝐚𝐚𝐥𝐚𝐦𝐚𝐧 𝐮𝐩𝐚𝐧𝐠 𝐩𝐚𝐧𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐡𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐥𝐢𝐠𝐭𝐚𝐬 𝐚𝐭 𝐦𝐚𝐥𝐮𝐬𝐨𝐠 𝐡𝐢𝐧𝐝𝐢 𝐥𝐚𝐧𝐠 𝐚𝐧𝐠 𝐬𝐚𝐫𝐢𝐥𝐢 𝐧𝐠𝐮𝐧𝐢𝐭 𝐚𝐧𝐠 𝐛𝐚𝐰𝐚𝐭 𝐦𝐢𝐲𝐞𝐦𝐛𝐫𝐨 𝐧𝐠
𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐩𝐚𝐦𝐢𝐥𝐲𝐚.
𝐖𝐚𝐥𝐚𝐧𝐠 𝐦𝐚𝐢𝐢𝐰𝐚𝐧 𝐬𝐚 𝐩𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐥𝐨𝐲 𝐧𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐩𝐚𝐠𝐭𝐮𝐤𝐥𝐚𝐬, 𝐩𝐚𝐠𝐛𝐚𝐥𝐚𝐧𝐠𝐤𝐚𝐬, 𝐚𝐭 𝐦𝐚𝐬 𝐩𝐢𝐧𝐚𝐥𝐚𝐰𝐚𝐤 𝐧𝐚 𝐬𝐞𝐫𝐛𝐢𝐬𝐲𝐨𝐧𝐠
𝐩𝐚𝐧𝐠𝐤𝐚𝐥𝐮𝐬𝐮𝐠𝐚𝐧 𝐧𝐚 𝐫𝐚𝐦𝐝𝐚𝐦 𝐧𝐠 𝐛𝐚𝐰𝐚𝐭 𝐢𝐬𝐚𝐧𝐠 𝐏𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐩𝐢𝐧𝐨.
Thank You!