BA 198/00/en/11.

99
Version 1.0
52003876
Field Communication
PROFIBUS-DP/PA:
Guidelines for
planning and
commissioning

PROFIBUS-PA

PROFIBUS-DP

Endress + Hauser
The Power of Know How
Endress+Hauser
PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines Table of Contents

Table of Contents
Notes on Safety . . . . . . . . . . . 3 7 Device Configuration . . . . . . . . . 56
7.1 PROFIBUS-PA block model . . . . 57
1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 7.2 Device management . . . . . . . 59
1.1 Advantages of a bus system . . . . 6 7.3 Physical block . . . . . . . . . . 60
1.2 PROFIBUS standard . . . . . . . 7 7.4 Transducer blocks . . . . . . . . 62
1.3 PROFIBUS in process engineering . 8 7.5 Function blocks . . . . . . . . . 63
7.6 Operating program Commuwin II. . . 66
2 PROFIBUS-DP Basics . . . . . . . . . 9
2.1 Synopsis . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 8 Trouble-Shooting . . . . . . . . . . 68
2.2 Topology . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 8.1 Commissioning . . . . . . . . . 68
2.3 Bus access method . . . . . . . 12 8.2 PLC planning . . . . . . . . . . 69
2.4 Network configuration . . . . . . 13 8.3 Data transmission . . . . . . . . 70
2.5 Applications in hazardous areas . . 15 8.4 Commuwin II . . . . . . . . . . 71
3 PROFIBUS-PA Basics . . . . . . . . . 16 9 Technical Data . . . . . . . . . . . 72
3.1 Synopsis . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 9.1 PROFIBUS-DP . . . . . . . . . 72
3.2 Segment couplers and links . . . . 17 9.2 PROFIBUS-PA . . . . . . . . . . 73
3.3 Topology . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
3.4 Bus access method . . . . . . . 21 10 PROFIBUS-PA Components . . . . . . 74
3.5 Network configuration . . . . . . 23 10.1 Endress+Hauser field devices . . . 74
3.6 Applications in hazardous areas . . 24 10.2 Network components . . . . . . . 81
10.3 Supplementary documentation
4 Planning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
4.1 Selection of the segment coupler . . 26
4.2 Cable type and length . . . . . . 27 11 Terms and Definitions . . . . . . . . 83
4.3 Calculation of current consumption . 28 11.1 Bus architecture . . . . . . . . . 83
4.4 Voltage at last device . . . . . . . 29 11.2 Components . . . . . . . . . . 84
4.5 Calculation examples for bus design . 29 11.3 Data exchange . . . . . . . . . 85
4.6 Data quantity . . . . . . . . . . 35 11.4 Miscellaneous terms . . . . . . . 86
4.7 Cycle times . . . . . . . . . . . 37
4.8 Addressing . . . . . . . . . . . 37 12 Appendix . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
4.9 Example calculations for addressing 12.1 Calculation sheets for explosion
and cycle times . . . . . . . . . 38 hazardous areas EEx ia . . . . . . 87
12.2 Calculation sheets for explosion
5 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 hazardous areas EEx ib . . . . . . 88
5.1 Cabling in safe areas . . . . . . . 42 12.3 Calculation sheets for non-hazardous
5.2 Example: screening in safe areas . . 43 areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
5.3 Example: screening in explosion
hazardous areas . . . . . . . . . 44 Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
5.4 Termination . . . . . . . . . . . 45
5.5 Overvoltage protection . . . . . . 45
5.6 Installation of the devices . . . . . 46
5.7 Addressing . . . . . . . . . . . 47

6 System Integration . . . . . . . . . 49
6.1 Device database files (GSD) . . . . 49
6.2 Data format . . . . . . . . . . . 50
6.3 Notes on network design . . . . . 52
6.4 Tested system integrations . . . . 53
6.5 Bus parameters . . . . . . . . . 55

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Table of Contents PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines

2 Endress+Hauser
PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines Notes on Safety

Notes on Safety
These operating instructions are intended as a planning aid for the use of Approved usage
Endress+Hauser devices in PROFIBUS-PA systems. The approved usage of the
individual devices can be taken from the corresponding device operating instructions.

The field devices, segment coupler, cables and other components must be designed to Installation,
operate safely in accordance with current technical safety and EU standards. If installed commissioning,
incorrectly or used for applications for which they are not intended, it is possible that operation
dangers may arise. For this reason, the system must be installed, connected, operated
and maintained according to the instructions in this manual: personnel must be
authorised and suitably qualified.

If the system is to be installed in an explosion hazardous area, then the specifications in Explosion hazardous
the certificate as well as all national and local regulations must be observed. area
• Ensure that all personnel are suitably qualified
• Observe the specifications in the certificate as well as national and local
regulations.
For PROFIBUS-PA all components should be designed in accordance with the FISCO
model. This greatly simplifies the acceptance testing of the PROFIBUS-PA segment.

Endress+Hauser 3
Notes on Safety PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines

Safety conventions and symbols

In order to highlight safety-relevant or alternative operating procedures in the manual,

the following conventions have been used, each indicated by a corresponding icon in
the margin.

Symbol Meaning
Safety conventions
Note!
A note highlights actions or procedures which, if not performed correctly, may indirectly affect
operation or may lead to an instrument response which is not planned
Note!

Caution!
Caution highlights actions or procedures which, if not performed correctly, may lead to
Caution!
personal injury or incorrect functioning of the instrument

Warning!
A warning highlights actions or procedures which, if not performed correctly, will lead to
personal injury, a safety hazard or destruction of the instrument
Warning!

Explosion protection Device certified for use in explosion hazardous area

If the device has this symbol embossed on its name plate it can be installed in an explosion
hazardous area

Explosion hazardous area

Symbol used in drawings to indicate explosion hazardous areas.
Devices located in and wiring entering areas with the designation “explosion hazardous
areas” must conform with the stated type of protection
Safe area (non-explosion hazardous area)
Symbol used in drawings to indicate, if necessary, non-explosion hazardous areas.
Devices located in safe areas stiill require a certificate if their outputs run into explosion
hazardous areas.

Direct voltage
Electrical symbols A terminal to which or from which a direct current or voltage may be applied or supplied

Alternating voltage
A terminal to which or from which an alternating (sine-wave) current or voltage may be
applied or supplied

Grounded terminal
A grounded terminal, which as far as the operator is concerned, is already grounded by
means of an earth grounding system

Protective grounding (earth) terminal

A terminal which must be connected to earth ground prior to making any other connection to
the equipment

Equipotential connection (earth bonding)

A connection made to the plant grounding system which may be of type e.g. neutral star or
equipotential line according to national or company practice

4 Endress+Hauser
PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines Chapter 1 Introduction

1 Introduction
These guidelines have been written with the view of giving the potential PROFIBUS user Application
an introduction to the planning and commissioning of a PROFIBUS-PA network. They are
based on the experience of Endress+Hauser employees who have been actively
involved in PROFIBUS projects and who, in the meantime, have successfully
commissioned a number of plants. The guidelines are structured as follows:

Chapter Titel Inhalt

Chapter 1 Introduction Advantages of a bus as well as general information

about the PROFIBUS standard
Chapter 2 PROFIBUS-DP basics Information about PROFIBUS-DP
Chapter 3 Grundlagen PROFIBUS-PA Information about PROFIBUS-PA, couplers, links
and use in explosion hazardous areas
(FISCO-Model)
Chapter 4 Planning What must be observed when planning
PROFIBUS-DP/PA systems, with examples
Chapter 5 Installation Notes on the installation of devices in a
PROFIBUS-DP/PA system
Chapter 6 System integration Notes on mapping PROFIBUS-PA devices in a PLC
Chapter 7 Device configuration General information on setting the parameters in
Endress+Hauser devices PROFIBUS applications
Chapter 8 Trouble-shooting Causes and remedies for general faults that may
occur during the commissioning of a system
Chapter 9 Technical data Principle technical data of PROFIBUS-PA and
PROFIBUS-DP
Chapter 10 PROFIBUS-PA components Profiles of the Endress+Hauser PROFIBUS-DP and
PROFIBUS-PA devices
Chapter 11 Terms and definitions Explanation of the terminology used to describe bus
systems
Chapter 12 Appendix Calculation sheets for your applications

Should you have any questions regarding PROFIBUS which go beyond the subjects
discussed in this manual, do not hesitate to get in touch with us.

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Chapter 1 Introduction PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines

1.1 Advantages of a bus system

Conventional PROFIBUS-PA

process-near component PNC process-near component PNC

I/O assemblies bus coupler Ex [i]

marshalling rack

Control room
Ex [i] power

marshalling rack

junction box connectors

Field
Fig. 1.1
Signal transfer: conventional and
with PROFIBUS-PA

Wiring Figure 1.1 illustrates the difference between the wiring of a conventional 4..20 mA control
system and a fieldbus system.
• For a compact plant, the wiring from the field to the junction box is roughly the
same: if the measuring points are widely distributed, however, the fieldbus
requires decidedly less cable.
• For conventional wiring, every signal line must be continued from the junction box
to the process-near component, e.g. a programmable logic controller, where it
terminates in a I/O module. For every device a separate power supply is
required, where necessary, suitable for use with devices in hazardous areas.
• In contrast, the fieldbus requires a single cable only to carry all information.
The bus terminates in a bus coupler that communicates directly with the process
near components. Not only cable, but also I/O modules are saved. Since the bus
is powered from a single intrinsically safe power unit, there is no need for
individual isolators and barriers.

Commissioning Digital communication allows comfortable commissioning of field devices from the control
room. Individual devices can not only be configured from a personal computer but the
settings can also be archived centrally. If there are several identical measuring points in
an application, the stored parameters can be downloaded to the devices. An individual
configuration of each device is no longer necessary.

Operation In addition to the process variables that are processed in the programmable logic
controller (PLC) or process control system (PCS), the operator has access to a number
of other parameters at every measuring point. These can be displayed in the
Commuwin II operating and display program or a SCADA application. The programs
offer a clear overview of the application.

Maintenance Devices with diagnosis functions or self-monitoring signal faults to the bus master. The
status of each device can be checked from the control room, so that the maintenance
team can quickly localise and eliminate the fault.

6 Endress+Hauser
PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines Chapter 1 Introduction

1.2 PROFIBUS standard

PROFIBUS is an open fieldbus standard to EN 50 170. It was developed by a German
consortium that quickly and pragmatically produced the German Standard DIN 19 245
after attempts to produce an international fieldbus failed in 1992. The European Standard
followed roughly a year later. PROFIBUS is supported by an international network of
PROFIBUS User Organisations.

PROFIBUS-DP (decentralised periphery) is an extension of the original PROFIBUS PROFIBUS-DP

standard, see Fig. 1.2. An extension contains a subset of the functionality of the original
standard and is targeted at a specific area of application. PROFIBUS-DP was primarily
developed for the fast processes involved in factory automation. In the original version,
PROFIBUS-DP allowed only one master that communicated via the master-slave method.
The extended version DPV1 allows up to 127 participants including up to 32 masters. A
slave, however, may be allocated to only one "Class 1" master, see Chapter 2. Slaves
are configured by a Class 2 master using acyclic services.

PROFIBUS-PA (process automation) is an extension of PROFIBUS-DP for process PROFIBUS-PA

automation. It has two specialities: firstly, participants can draw intrinsically safe power
from the bus, secondly, the data transfer is handled according to the international
standard IEC 61158-2. A maximum of 32 participants can be connected to a
PROFIBUS-PA segment. Bus access is governed by the master/slave method, see
Chapter 3.

FMS DP PA
OSI layer

DP profile PA profile

FMS
DP extensions (DPV1)
device profile

User DP basic functions

Application (7) Fieldbus message

specification FMS
not present
(3) – (6)

Data (2) Fieldbus data link (FDL)

IEC interface

physical (1) RS-485/fibre optics IEC 61158-2

Fig. 1.2
BA198Y55
PROFIBUS versions and
functions

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Chapter 1 Introduction PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines

1.3 PROFIBUS in process engineering

Commuwin II
PLC

Process control system

RS-485
up to 12 Mbit/s PROFIBUS-DP

IEC 61158-2
Non-hazardous area 31.25 kbit/s Segment coupler

0 - 10 bar

Explosion-hazardous area PROFIBUS-PA IEC 61158-2

31.25 kbit/s

0 - 10 bar

Fig. 1.3
Process automation with
PROFIBUS-DP and BA198E27
PROFIBUS-PA

Every manufacturing facility has tasks which are associated with process and factory
automation:
• Process automation: measurement, actuation, control...
• Factory automation: filling, storage, conveyance, drives...
For this reason it is possible that the Endress+Hauser devices installed in a factory are
integrated in PROFIBUS-DP, PROFIBUS-DP or mixed systems. Fig. 1.3 shows a typical
example:
• The process is controlled by a process control system or a programmable logic
controller (PLC). The control system or PLC serves as a Class 1 master. It uses
the cyclic services to acquire measurements and output control commands. The
operating program, in this case Commuwin II, serves as a Class 2 master. It uses
the acyclic services and serves to configure the bus participants during
installation and normal operation.
• The PROFIBUS-DP system is used to handle the communication at the control
level. Drives, remote I/Os etc. may all be found upon the bus. It is also possible
to connect externally powered field devices to this level, e.g. the flowmeters
Promass and Promag. PROFIBUS-DP ensures that data are quickly exchanged,
whereby in mixed PROFIBUS-DP/PA systems the baudrate supported by the
segment coupler is often the limiting factor.
• PROFIBUS-PA is used at field level. The segment coupler serves both as
interface to the PROFIBUS-DP system and as power supply for the
PROFIBUS-PA field devices. Depending upon the type of segment coupler, the
PROFIBUS-PA segment can be installed in safe or hazardous areas.

8 Endress+Hauser
PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines Chapter 2 PROFIBUS-DP Basics

2 PROFIBUS-DP Basics

As far as PROFIBUS systems in process engineering are concerned, the versions

PROFIBUS-DP (variant DPV1) and PROFIBUS-PA are of interest. This chapter describes
the basics of PROFIBUS-DP. The chapter is structured as follows:
• Synopsis
• Topology
• Bus access method
• Network configuration
• Applications in hazardous areas

2.1 Synopsis

Class 1 Class 2
master master

PROFIBUS-DP

PROFIBUS-DP slaves

Fig. 2.1
BA198Y46 PROFIBUS-DP system,
Version DPV1

PROFIBUS-DP is used primarily for factory automation. In PROFIBUS-PA systems for Application
process automation, a PROFIBUS-DP system is used at the control level for quick
transmission of the data. Here, a variant of PROFIBUS-DP, DPV1 is used. In addition to
the cyclic exchange of data with a PLC, this allows the field devices to be configured via
acyclic services. The principle technical data for DPV1 are listed in Table 2.1.

Depending upon the application at hand, the participants in a PROFIBUS-DP system Participants
might be frequency converters, remote I/Os, actuators, sensors, links, gateways etc. as
well as the PLC or process control system. The following Endress+Hauser devices can
be connected directly to a DP system:
• Flowmeters Promass 63 and Promag 33/35
• Display unit Memograph RSC 10 (listener function only)
• PROFIBUS-DP gateway.
Others are in preparation.

Standard EN 50170, Parts 1 - 3, Version DPV1

Support PROFIBUS User Organisation (PNO)
Physical layer RS-485 and/or fibre optics
Max. length 1200 m (copper) or several kilometres (optics)
Participants Max. 126, including max. 32 as master
Transmission rate up to 12 MBit/s
Table 2.1
Bus access method Token passing with master-slave Technical data PROFIBUS-DP

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Chapter 2 PROFIBUS-DP Basics PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines

2.2 Topology
PROFIBUS-DP is based on a linear topology. For lower data transmission rates, a tree
structure is also possible.

Cable EN 50 170 specifies two types of bus cable. For transmission rates up to 12 Mbit/s, cable
type A is recommended. The specification is given in Table 2.2.

Terminator 135 Ω to 165 Ω at a measuring frequency of 3 MHz to 20 MHz

Cable capacitance < 30pF per Meter
Core cross-section >0.34 mm², corresponds to 22 AWG
Cable type twisted pairs, 1x 2, 2x 2 or 1x 4 core
Loop resistance 110 Ω per km
Table 2.2 Signal attenuation max. 9 dB over the entire Length of the segment
Specifications of Cable Type A of
the PROFIBUS-DP standard Screening woven copper sheath or woven sheath and foil sheath

Structure The following points should be noted when the bus structure is being planned:
• The max. permissible cable length depends upon the transmission rate. For
PROFIBUS RS-485 cable of type A (see table 2.2) the dependency is as follows:
Transmission rate (kBit/s) 9.6 - 93.75 187.5 500 1500 300 – 12000
Cable length (m) 1200 1000 400 200 100
:
• A maximum of 32 participants per segment is allowed.
• A terminating resistance must be installed at both ends of every segment
(ohmic load 220 Ω)
• The cable length and/or the number of participants can be increased by using
repeaters.
• There must never be more than three repeaters between any two participants.
• The total number of participants in the system is limited to 126 – (2x number of
repeaters).

Spurs A spur is the cable connecting the field device to the T-box. As a rule of thumb:
• For transmission rates up to 1500 kbits/s, the total length (sum) of the spurs may
not exceed 6.6 m.
• Spurs should not be used for transmission rates greater than 1500 kbits/s.

Examples Figs 2.2 and 2.3 show examples for a linear and tree bus structure.

Fig 2.2. shows that three repeaters are necessary if the PROFIBUS-DP system is to be
developed to the full. The maximum cable length corresponds to 4x the value quoted in
the table above. Since three repeaters are used, the maximum number of participants is
reduced to 120.

Fig 2.3 shows how several repeaters can be used to create a tree structure. The number
of participants allowable per segment is reduced by one per repeater: the total number
of participants is limited to 126 – (2x number of repeaters).

10 Endress+Hauser
PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines Chapter 2 PROFIBUS-DP Basics

T T
trunk cable

1 2 3 31 R1

T T
segment 1

R2 1 2 3 30

T T
segment 2

1 2 3 30 R3
Fig. 2.2
T T PROFIBUS-DP system with
segment 3
linear structure
T = terminator
R = repeater
1 2 3 31 1...n = max. number of
BA198Y29 field devices on a
segment

T T
trunk cable

1 2 3 31 R1

T T
segment 1

1 2 3 29 R3
T T
R2 segment 2

1 2 3 31
Fig. 2.3
T T PROFIBUS-DP system with tree
segment 3 structure
T = terminator
R = repeater
1 2 3 29 1...n = max. number of
BA198Y30 field devices on a
segment

If the PROFIBUS-DP system has to be routed over large distances or in plant with heavy Optical network
electromagnetic interference, then an optical or mixed optical/copper network can be
used. Provided that all participants support them, very high transmission rates are
possible. Fig. 2.4 shows a possible structure for an optical network, whereby the technical
details can be taken from the PROFIBUS standard.

Master
PLC

optical interface optical interface

RS-485 module module
copper
RS-485
copper
T
T T Fig. 2.4
Example for a mixed
1 2 3 4 optical/RS-485 network
fibre optics T = terminator
BA198Y31
1...n = field devices (slaves)

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Chapter 2 PROFIBUS-DP Basics PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines

2.3 Bus access method

PROFIBUS-DP uses a hybrid access method of centralised master/slave and
decentralised token passing, see Fig.2.5.
• The masters build a logical token ring.
• When a master possesses the token, it has the right to transmit.
• It can now talk with its slaves in a master-slave relationship for a defined period of
time.
• At the end of this time, the token must be passed on to the next active device in
the token ring.

Master class Version DPV1 of PROFIBUS-DP differentiates between two classes of master:
• A Class 1 master communicates cyclically with its slaves. The master
communicates only with those slaves that are assigned to it. A slave may be
assigned to only one Class 1 master. A typical class 1 master is a programmable
logic controller (PLC) or a process control system.
• A Class 2 master communicates acyclically with its slaves, i.e. on demand. Its
slaves may also be assigned to a Class 1 master. A typical example is a PC with
corresponding operating software, e.g. Commuwin II. It is used for
commissioning as well as for device configuration, diagnosis and alarm handling
during normal operation.
If a PROFIBUS-DP network has more than one master e.g. because both cyclic and
acyclic services are required, then it is a multi-master system. If, for example, a PLC only
is used for control tasks, then the system is a mono-master system.

Master 1, Class 1
has the right to transmit logical token
Data are exchanged ring
cyclically. Class 1
M1 M2

S1 S2 S3 S4 S5

Master 2, Class 2
receives the right to Class 2
transmit.
It can talk to all slaves. M1 M2
Data exchange, e.g.
with slave 3 is acyclic.

Fig. 2.5
Data exchange in a
PROFIBUS-DP multi-master
system S1 S2 S3 S4 S5
M = master
BA198Y32
S = slave

12 Endress+Hauser
PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines Chapter 2 PROFIBUS-DP Basics

2.4 Network configuration

Data are exchanged over PROFIBUS-DP by means of standard telegrams which are Data Transmission
transmitted via the RS-485 interface. The permissible telegram length depends upon the
master used: at the moment, masters are available that transmit 122 or 244 bytes, see
Chapter 6, Table 6.3.

The majority of Endress+Hauser devices transmit measured value and status in 5 bytes,
see table 6.1 on page 51. An instrument with several measured values transmits
correspondingly more bytes. In the case of the flowmeter Promass 63, for example, a
cyclic telegram of 51 bytes (50 bytes input and 1 byte output data) is transmitted at
maximum configuration, see below.

By using the data exchange service, a PLC can transmit its output data to the Promass
63 and read the input data from the response telegram. The cyclic data telegram for the
maximum configuration of the Promass has the following structure: If the factory setting
is used, mass flow, totalisor 1 and density are transmitted. Further measured values can
be activated via the on-site elements or by using a PROFIBUS configuration program.

Byte Data Access Data format Unit

0–3 Mass flow Read 32-bit floating point number (IEEE 754) kg/s
4 Status mass flow Read 80h = OK –
5–8 Totalisor 1 Read 32-bit floating point number (IEEE 754) kg
9 Status totalisor 1 Read 80h = OK –
3
10 – 13 Density Read 32-bit floating point number (IEEE 754) kg/m
14 Status density Read 80h = OK –
15 – 18 Temperature Read 32-Bit floating point number (IEEE 754) K
19 Status temperature Read 80h = OK –
20 – 23 Totalisor 2 Read 32-bit floating point number (IEEE 754) off
24 Status totalisor 2 Read 80h = OK –
25 – 28 Volumetric flow Read 32-bit floating point number (IEEE 754) l/s
29 Status volumetric flow Read 80h = OK –
30 – 33 Standard volumetric flow Read 32-bit floating point number (IEEE 754) Nl/s
34 Status standard volumetric flow Read 80h = OK –
35 – 38 Target medium flow Read 32-bit floating point number (IEEE 754) kg/s; l/s
39 Status target medium flow Read 80h = OK –
40 – 43 Carrier medium flow Read 32-bit floating point number (IEEE 754) kg/s; l/s
44 Status carrier medium flow Read 80h = OK –
45 – 48 Calculated density Read 32-bit floating point number (IEEE 754) %
49 Status calculated density Read 80h = OK – Table 2.3
Input data Promass ⇒ SPS

Byte Data Access Data format Unit

0 Control Write Integer8 –

0 ⇒ 1: Reset totalisor 1 The control command is
0 ⇒ 2: Reset totalisor 2 triggered by a change in the
0 ⇒ 3: Reset totalisor 1 + 2 input data of the cyclic
0 ⇒ 4: Zero point calibration services from 00h to another
0 ⇒ 5: Positive zero return on value.
0 ⇒ 6: Positive zero return off A change from any bit pattern
Table 2.4
0 ⇒ 7...255: reserved to 00h has no effect.
Output data PLC ⇒ Promass

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Chapter 2 PROFIBUS-DP Basics PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines

Device database file In order to integrate the field devices into the bus system, the PROFIBUS-DP system
requires a description of the device parameters such as output data, input data, data
format, data length and the transmission rates supported. These data are contained in
the device database file (the so-called GSD file), which is required by the PROFIBUS-DP
master during the commissioning of the communication system. In addition, device bit
maps are required, which appear as icons in the network tree. Further information on
device database files is to be found in Chapter 6.1.

Bus address A prerequisite for communication on the bus is the correct addressing of the participants.
Every participant in the PROFIBUS-DP system is assigned a unique address between 0
and 125. Normally the low addresses are assigned to the masters. The addresses may
be assigned by DIP switch, on-site operating elements or by an operating program. The
addressing procedure is described in detail in Chapter 5.

Transmission rate All participants in a PROFIBUS-DP system must support the governing transmission rate.
This means that the speed of data exchange is determined by the slowest participant.
In the case of Endress+Hauser devices that are designed for PROFIBUS-DP, all
transmission rates from 9.6 kbits/s to 12 Mbit/s are supported.

Bus parameters In addition to the transmission rate, all active participants on the bus must operate with
the same bus parameters. For the operating and display program Commuwin II, the bus
parameters can be set by using the DPV1 server, see Chapter 6.5. The program can be
started from the icon in the program group Commuwin II.

14 Endress+Hauser
PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines Chapter 2 PROFIBUS-DP Basics

2.5 Applications in hazardous areas

All devices and terminators that are installed in hazardous areas as well as all associated
electrical apparatus (e.g. PA links or segment couplers) must be approved for the
corresponding atmospheres.

If a PROFIBUS-DP segment is routed through an explosion hazardous area, then it must

be realised with type of protection "enhanced safety e".
• For copper cable, the number of devices per segment is limited to four.
• The intrinsic safety must always be calculated because every intrinsically safe
component has different values.
• The trunk cable and spurs must be included in the calculation.
• The exchange of a device by the product of another manufacture means that
proof of intrinsic safety must be presented again.

Since PROFIBUS-PA systems are designed for use in hazardous areas, it is much easier Mixed network
install a segment there. For this reason, a PROFIBUS-PA segment is often used to extend PROFIBUS-DP/PA
the PROFIBUS-DP segment into a hazardous area. In order to obtain the highest possible
transmission rate, a link is preferred as interface. Links support a wide range of
PROFIBUS-DP transmission rates.

PLC e.g. Commuwin II

Class 1 master Class 2 master

DP/PA link PROFIBUS-DP

0 - 10 bar
PROFIBUS-PA

PROFIBUS-DP slaves
0 - 10 bar

PROFIBUS-PA slaves
Fig. 2.6
The PROFIBUS-PA system can
BA198Y46 be extended into a hazardous
area by using a DP/PA link.

Endress+Hauser 15
Chapter 3 PROFIBUS-PA Basics PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines

3 PROFIBUS-PA Basics

This chapter presents the basic principles behind PROFIBUS-PA. The chapter is
structured as follows:
• Synopsis
• Segment couplers and links
• Topology
• Bus access method
• Network configuration
• Applications in hazardous areas

3.1 Synopsis

Class 1 Class 2
master master

DP/PA link or
segment coupler
PROFIBUS-DP

PROFIBUS-PA

PROFIBUS-PA slaves 0 - 10 bar

Fig. 3.1 BA198Y48

PROFIBUS-PA system

Application PROFIBUS-PA has been designed to satisfy the requirements of process engineering.
There are three major differences to a PROFIBUS-DP system:
• PROFIBUS-PA supports the use of devices in explosion hazardous areas.
• The devices can be powered over the bus cable.
• The data are transferred via the IEC 61158-2 physical layer, which allows great
freedom in the selection of the bus topology.
The most important technical data are listed in Table 3.1.

Participants Depending upon the application, the participants on a PROFIBUS-PA segment might be
actuators, sensors and a segment coupler or link. Endress+hauser offers PROFIBUS-PA
instrumentation for the most important process variables, i.e. analysis, flow, level,
pressure and temperature. A complete list is to be found in Chapter 10.

Standard EN 50 170, Part 4

Support PROFIBUS User Organisation (PNO) (PNO)
Physical layer IEC 61158-2
Max. length 1900 m: standard und intrinsically safe applications of category ib
1000 m: intrinsically safe applications of category ia
Participants Max. 10 in hazardous areas (EEx ia)
max. 24 in hazardous areas (EEx ib)
max. 32 in safe areas
Transmission rate 31.25 kbit/s
Table 3.1
Bus access method Master-slave
Technical data PROFIBUS-PA

16 Endress+Hauser
PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines Chapter 3 PROFIBUS-PA Basics

3.2 Segment couplers and links

Class 1 master Class 2 master

PROFIBUS-DP

segment coupler link segment coupler

JB
1 4 7 T junction box

2 5 8 10 12

PROFIBUS-PA 9 11 13
3 6 Fig. 3.2
Integration of a PROFIBUS-PA
T T T segment into a PROFIBUS-DP
BA198Y09 system using a segment coupler
or link.

PROFIBUS-PA is always used in conjunction with a supervisory PROFIBUS-DP control

system. Since the protocols , physical layer and transmission rates of PROFIBUS-DP and
PROFIBUS-PA are different, see Tables 2.1 and 3.1, the PROFIBUS-PA segment is
connected to the PROFIBUS-DP system via a segment coupler or link.

A segment coupler comprises a signal coupler and bus power unit. Normally, it supports Segment coupler
only one transmission rate on the PROFIBUS-DP side. The transmission rate for
PROFIBUS-PA is fixed at 31.25 kbit/s.

Three types of segment couplers have been specified according to the type of protection
required.

Segment coupler Type A Type B Type C

Type of protection EEx [ia/ib] IIC EEx [ib] IIB None

Supply voltage 13.5 V 13.5 V 24 V
Max. power 1.8 W 3.9 W 9.1 W
Max. supply current ≤ 110 mA ≤ 280 mA ≤ 400 mA
Table 3.2
No. of devices approx. 10 approx. 20 max. 32 Segment couplers defined in
standard

At the moment two manufacturers have segment couplers on the market.

Manufacturer Type of Supply current Voltage DP baudrate

protection

Siemens: 6ES7-157-0 AD00 0XA0 EEx [ia] IIC 100 mA 12.5 V DC 45.45 kbit/s
Siemens: 6ES7-157-0 AC00 0XA0 Standard 400 mA 19.0 V DC 45.45 kbit/s
P+F (E+H): KFD2-BR-EX1.2PA.93 EEx [ia] IIC 110 mA 13.0 V DC 93.75 kbit/s
Table 3.3
P+F (E+H): KFD2-BR-1PA.93 Standard 380 mA 25.0 V DC 93.75 kbit/s
Segment couplers on the market

A link comprises an intelligent interface and one or more segment couplers, whereby the Links
couplers may exhibit different types of protection. Normally, a range of transmission rates
are supported on the PROFIBUS-DP side. The transmission rate for PROFIBUS-PA is
fixed at 31.25 kbit/s.

Endress+Hauser 17
Chapter 3 PROFIBUS-PA Basics PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines

3.3 Topology
The field devices on the PROFIBUS-PA segment communicate with a master on the
PROFIBUS-DP system. The bus is designed according to the rules for PROFIBUS-DP up
to the segment coupler or link, see Chapter 2.2. Within the PROFIBUS-PA segment,
practically all topologies are permissible, see Fig. 3.3.

Cable PROFIBUS PA stipulates a two-core cable as transmission medium. An informative annex

to IEC 61158-2 lists the characteristics of four cable types that can be used as
transmission medium.
• Cable types A and B are to be preferred for new installations. They offer the
greatest security for data transmission. In the case of cable type B, several
fieldbuses (with the same type of protection) can be operated with one cable.
Other current-bearing circuits in the same cable are not permitted.
• Cables C and D are intended only for retrofit applications, i.e. when existing
cabling is to be used. They are not suitable for use in explosion hazardous areas.
Problems with the communication are also to be expected if the cables are
routed through plant with heavy electromagnetic interference, e.g. near
frequency converters.
Table 3.4 lists the technical data of each cable type:

Type A Type B Type C Typ D

Cable contruction twisted pairs, one or more Several twisted Several untwisted
shielded twisted pairs, pairs, unshielded pairs, unshielded
common shield
Core cross-section 0.8 mm2 0.32 mm2 0.13 mm2 1.23 mm2
AWG 18 AWG 22 AWG 26 AWG 16
Loop resistance (DC) 44 Ω/km 112 Ω/km 254 Ω/km 40 Ω/km
Characteristic impedance 100 Ω ±20 % 100 Ω ±30 % — —
at 31.25 kHz
Attenuation constant at 3 dB/km 5 dB/km 8 dB/km 8 dB/km
39 kHz
Capacitive unsymmetry 2 nF/km 2 nF/km — —
Envelope delay distortion 1.7 µs/km — — —
(7.9...39 kHz)
Degree of coverage of 90 % — — —
shielding
Table 3.4
Max. bus length (including 1900 m 1200 m 400 m 200 m
Cable types according to
IEC 61158-2, Annex C spurs)

Cable for intrinsically safe applications as per the FISCO model must also satisfy the
following additional requirements:

EEx ia/ib IIC EEx ib IIB

Loop resistance (DC) 15...150 Ω/km 15...150 Ω/km
Specific inductance 0.4...1 mH/km 0.4...1 mH/km
Specific capacitance 80...200 nF/km 80...200 nF/km
Max. spur length ≤ 30 m ≤ 30 m
Table 3.5
Safety limits for the bus cable Max. bus length ≤ 1000 m ≤ 1900 m

Suitable cable is offered by a number of manufacturers, see Chapter 4.

18 Endress+Hauser
PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines Chapter 3 PROFIBUS-PA Basics

A Termination at JB
possible if spurs do
1
not exceeed 30 m
Sk 2

PNK SiK T JB 3
(Ex i)

SG T 4
(Ex i)
n

B 3
n
Sk 1
PNK SiK T
(Ex i)

4
SG T
(Ex i) 2

4
3 5
C
JB n
Sk 1
PNK SiK T
(Ex i)

6
SG T
(Ex i) 2

4
3 5
D
R+T n
Sk 1 +JB
PNK SiK T Fig. 3.3
(Ex i)
Bus topologies
A Tree
R+T 7 B Bus
SG T C Bus + tree
(Ex i) 2 D Bus + tree + extension
T PNC: process near component
SiK: Signal coupler
SG: Power supply
6 T: Terminator
JB: Junction box
R: Repeater
BA198Y13
1...n: Field devices
Sk: Segment coupler

Endress+Hauser 19
Chapter 3 PROFIBUS-PA Basics PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines

Structure The following points should be noted when designing the bus:
• The maximum permissible length is dependent upon the type of cable used.
For cable type definitions, see Table 3.4:

Type A Type B Type C Type D

1900 m 1200 m 400 m 200 m

• For systems that are to be realised according to the FISCO model in type of
protection EEx ia, the maximum bus length is 1000 m.
• A maximum of 32 participants are allowed in safe applications and max. 10
participants in explosion hazardous areas (EEx ia IIC).
The actual number of participants must be determined during the planning of the
bus, see Chapter 4.
• A terminator is required at each end of the segment.
• For PROFIBUS-PA the terminator comprises an RC combination
(ohmic load 100 Ω + 1 µF).
• The bus length can be increased by using a repeater.
• Max. three repeaters are allowable between a participant and the master.

Spurs The cable between the T-box and field device is called a spur.
• Spurs longer than 1 m are counted in the total cable length.
• The length of the individual spurs in safe areas is dependent upon the number of
participants:

Participants 1 - 12 13 - 14 15 - 18 19 - 24 25 - 32
Max. length 120 m 90 m 60 m 30 m 1m
per spur

• According to the FISCO model, the spurs in intrinsically safe applications may not
exceed 30 m in length.
• A maximum of 4 field devices may be connected to a spur.

20 Endress+Hauser
PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines Chapter 3 PROFIBUS-PA Basics

3.4 Bus access method

PROFIBUS-PA uses the central master/slave method to regulate bus access. The
process near component, e.g. a PLC, is a Class 1 master that is installed in the
PROFIBUS-DP system. The field devices are configured from a PROFIBUS-PA Class 2
master, e.g. Commuwin II. The field devices on the PROFIBUS-PA segment are the
slaves. The access to the field devices depends upon the DP/PA interface that has been
installed.

Segment couplers are transparent as far as the PROFIBUS-DP master is concerned, so Segment coupler
that they are not mapped in the PLC. They simply convert the signals and power the
PROFIBUS-PA segment. The do not need to be configured nor are they assigned an
address.

The field devices in the PROFIBUS-PA segment are each assigned a PROFIBUS-DP
address and behave as PROFIBUS-DP slaves. A slave may be assigned to only one
Class 1 master. A master communicates directly with its slaves.
• A Class 1 master, e.g. the PLC, uses the cyclic polling services to fetch the data
provided by the field devices.
• A Class 2 master, e.g. Commuwin II transmits and receives field device data by
using the acyclic services.

Class 1 master Class 2 master e.g.

Commuwin II

PROFIBUS-DP

cyclic data
exchange

Segment
SiK acyclic data exchange
coupler

T
PROFIBUS-PA
1 2 3 field devices as DP-slaves
Fig. 3.4
BA198Y20 Data exchange via segment
coupler

Endress+Hauser 21
Chapter 3 PROFIBUS-PA Basics PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines

Links A link is recognised by the DP-master and is a participant in the PROFIBUS-DP system.
It is assigned a PROFIBUS-DP address and thus becomes opaque to the master. The
field devices on the PROFIBUS-PA side can no longer be directly polled using the cyclic
services. Instead, the link collects the device data in a buffer, which can be read cyclically
by a Class 1 master. Hence a link must be mapped in the PLC.

On the PROFIBUS-PA side, the link acts as the bus master. It polls the field device data
cyclically and stores them in a buffer. Every field device is assigned a PROFIBUS-PA
address that is unique for the link, but not for other PROFIBUS-PA segments.

When the link is accessed by a Class 2 master with the acyclic services it is
quasi-transparent. The desired field device can be accessed by specifying the link
address (DP address) and the device address (PA address).

Class 1 master Class 2 master

e.g. Commuwin II

PROFIBUS-DP

Cyclic data exchange with

Acyclic data
Class 1 master using the
DP- exchange with
master-slave method Slave
Segment coupler Class 2 master
PA- using the
Master master-slave
method

Cyclic data exchange with

PA master using the
master-slave method

T T
1 2 3 4 5 6
PROFIBUS-PA BA198Y21
Fig. 3.5
Data exchange via a link

22 Endress+Hauser
PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines Chapter 3 PROFIBUS-PA Basics

3.5 Network configuration

Data exchange on the PROFIBUS-PA segment is handled by the IEC 61158-2 interface. Data Transmission
The cyclic and acyclic polling services are used to transmit data. Since the PROFIBUS-PA
standard offers the possibility of interconnecting devices from different vendors, a profile
set has been defined that contains standardised device parameters and functions.
• Mandatory parameters: Every device must provide these parameters. These are
parameters, with which the basic parameters of the device can be read or
configured.
• Application parameters: these are optional parameters.
These parameters allow a calibration and, e.g., additional functions such as a
linearisation to be performed. In view of the fact that these functions are
dependent upon the measured variable, there are several profile sets, e.g. for
level, pressure, flow etc.. The parameters can be accessed acyclically and
require a Class 2 master, e.g. Commuwin II, if they are to be read or modified.

Cyclic data exchanged is handled by standard telegrams. The permissible telegram

length depends upon the master used: at the moment, masters are available that transmit
122 or 244 bytes, see Chapter 6, Table 6.3.

The majority of PROFIBUS-PA devices transmit measured value and status in 5 bytes,
see table 6.1 on page 51. An instrument with several measured values transmits
correspondingly more bytes. In the case of the flowmeter Promass 63, for example, a
cyclic telegram of 51 bytes is transmitted at maximum configuration, see Chapter 2.4.

In the case of the NAMUR/PROFIBUS-PA interface FXA 164, which allows the connection
of up to four limit switches, the limit signals are transmitted in 2 bytes per channel. Byte 1
contains the signal condition, byte 2 the status. Depending upon the configuration, up
to 8 bytes may be transmitted.

In order to integrate the field devices into the bus system, the PROFIBUS-DP system Device database
requires a description of the device parameters such as output data, input data, data
format, data length and the transmission rates supported. These data are contained in
the device database file (the so-called GSD file), which is required by the PROFIBUS-DP
master during the commissioning of the communication system. In addition, device bit
maps are required, which appear as icons in the network tree. Further information on
device database files is to be found in Chapter 6.1.

A prerequisite for communication on the bus is the correct addressing of the participants. Bus address
Every device on the PROFIBUS-PA segment is assigned a unique address between
0 and 125. The addressing is dependent upon the type of interface used (segment
coupler or link) and is set by DIP switches, via on-site operating elements or by software.
The addressing procedure is described in detail in Chapter 5.

The transmission rate on a PROFIBUS-PA segment is fixed at 31.25 kbit/s. Transmission rate

In addition to the transmission rate, all active participants on the bus must operate with Bus parameters
the same bus parameters. For the operating and display program Commuwin II, the bus
parameters can be set by using the DPV1 server, see Chapter 6.5) The program can be
started from the icon in the program group Commuwin II.

Endress+Hauser 23
Chapter 3 PROFIBUS-PA Basics PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines

3.6 Applications in hazardous areas

The explosion protection concept for the PROFIBUS-PA fieldbus is based on the type of
protection "intrinsic safety i". In contrast to other types of explosion protection, intrinsic
safety is not confined to the individual unit, but extends over the entire electrical circuit.
All circuits connected to the PROFIBUS-PA fieldbus must be realised with type of
protection "intrinsic safety", i.e. all devices and terminators that are installed in hazardous
areas as well as all associated electrical apparatus (e.g. PA links or segment couplers)
must be approved for the corresponding atmospheres

FISCO model In order to reduce the proof of intrinsic safety of the fieldbus system, comprising different
devices from different vendors, to a justifiable level, the German PTB and various
equipment manufacturers developed the FISCO model (Fieldbus Intrinsically Safe
COncept).

The basic idea is that only one device supplies power to a particular segment. The model
determines the boundary conditions. The field devices are divided into those that draw
their power from the bus itself, and those that must be powered locally. In addition to the
type of protection "intrinsic safety", the latter devices, which require more energy, must
also exhibit a further type of protection. The auxiliary energy required by the segment
coupler and the locally powered devices is galvanically isolated from the intrinsically safe
circuits.

As is the case for all intrinsic circuits, special precautions must be observed when
installing the bus. The aim is to maintain the separation between the intrinsically safe and
all other circuits.

Grounding The intrinsically safe fieldbus circuit is operated earth-free, which does not preclude that
individual sensor circuits can be connected to ground. If a overvoltage protector is
installed before the device, it must be bonded to the plant grounding system in
accordance with the instructions in the certificate or device manual. Particular attention
must be paid to the grounding of the conducting cable screening because if it is to be
earthed at several positions, a high integrity plant grounding system must be present.

Category The category of the intrinsically safe field bus is determined by the circuit with the worst
rating, i.e. if the fieldbus circuit of one device has the type of protection EEx ib, then the
whole fieldbus falls in the category ib. Devices that must be connected to a circuit with
type of protection EEx ia (requirements as per certificate) may not be operated on field
bus circuits with type of protection ib. Only circuits that are connected directly to the
fieldbus must be considered here.

Explosion group Devices that are approved for different explosion groups (IIC, IIB or IIA) can be operated
on the same segment. The permissible explosive atmosphere allowed at a particular
device is determined by the type of protection of that device as well as the explosion
group for which the segment coupler is approved. All devices and terminators that are
installed in hazardous areas as well as all associated electrical apparatus (e.g. PA links
or segment couplers) must be approved for the corresponding atmospheres, e.g. PTB,
BVS, FMRC, CSA etc..

24 Endress+Hauser
PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines Chapter 3 PROFIBUS-PA Basics

The bus system is powered by a segment coupler. The field devices function as current Operating principle
sinks and draw a direct current of about 10 mA from the bus cable (some participants
require more). This current supplies the energy necessary for operation. If a field device
transmits data, it does so by modulating the current by ±9 mA.

When it is transmitting data, the fieldbus

field device current
acts as an ohmic resistance. Since the
device does not output power, the intrinsic
safety of a bus segment is largely max.current
25 mA
determined by the current and voltage
limitations placed on the bus power supply. fault current
19 mA
In order that a field device does not block
the bus should it fail, its maximum current basic
current
consumption is limited by the so-called 10 mA
fault disconnection electronics (FDE). This
current must be considered when the
segment is planned. 1 mA
t
1 0 1 0 1 1 Fig. 3.6
BA198Y06 Function of a PROFIBUS-PA
device

An important requirement for participants on a PROFIBUS-PA segment, is that a defective Fault disconnection
device may not detrimentally effect the functioning of the system. The fault disconnection electronics
electronics ensure that high current consumption is not possible. An electronic circuit
detects the rise in the basis current above the specified manufacturer's value and either
limits the current consumption or isolates the participant from the bus. The increase in
basic current above the normal value in the event of a fault is designated the fault current.

Due to the FISCO model, the following points only must be observed when a PROFIBUS-PA segments
PROFIBUS-PA segment is planned for use in a hazardous area.
• The maximum permissible bus length is dependent upon the type of segment
coupler used, the topology of the bus, the bus power and the specific resistance
of the cable. For EEx ia IIC, the maximum length is 1000 m.
• If intrinsically safe circuits of category ia and ib are connected to the same
segment, the type of protection of the entire segment is ib. It may be necessary
to distribute the field devices on two separate segments, should a circuit of
category ia be mandatory for a device or component.
Furthermore, the following applies generally
• The number of participants that may be connected to a segment is determined
by the highest FDE current, the sum of the basic currents and the power that can
be supplied by the segment coupler.

The following information is required for proof of intrinsic safety: Proof of intrinsic safety
• The total cable length including all spurs greater than 1 m must ber less than
1000 m (EEx ia IIC)
• No spur longer than 30 m
• All participants conform to the FISCO model.
• For every participant ISegment coupler > IDevice
USegment coupler > UDevice
PSegment coupler > PDevice

More information on the planning of a PROFIBUS-PA segment is to be found in Chapter 4.

Endress+Hauser 25
Chapter 4 Planning PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines

4 Planning

Various aspects must be taken into consideration when a PROFIBUS-PA segment is

planned. Since the importance of each aspect varies from system to system, it is
recommended that the following sections are worked through one after the other. If at
some point it becomes obvious that a concept cannot be realised, then start the whole
procedure again from the beginning with a modified concept.

The chapter is structured as follows:

• Selection of the segment coupler
• Cable type and length
• Calculation of current consumption
• Voltage at last device
• Calculation examples for bus design
• Data quantity
• Cycle times
• Addressing
• Example calculations for addressing and cycle times

4.1 Selection of the segment coupler

The first step in planning a PROFIBUS-PA system is the selection of the segment coupler
according to the criteria laid down in Chapter 3.6. Table 4.1 summerises these:

Zone/Explosion Segment coupler Remarks

group

Zone 0 [EEx ia] IIx Devices that are in installed in Zone 0 must be operated in a
segment with type of protection "EEx ia".
All circuits connected to this segment must be certified for
type of protection "EEx ia".
Zone 1 [EEx ia] IIx Devices that are in installed in Zone 1 must be operated in a
[EEx ib] IIx segment with type of protection "EEx ia" or "EEx ib".
All circuits connected to this segment must be certified for
type of protection "EEx ia" or "EEx ib".
Explosion group IIC [EEx ia] IIC If measurements are made in a medium of explosion group IIC,
the devices concerned as well as the segment coupler must
be certified for explosion group IIC.
Explosion group IIB [EEx ia] IIC For media of explosion group IIB, both the devices and the
Table 4.1
[EEx ib] IIB segment coupler can be certified for both group IIC or IIB.
Selection of the segment coupler
according to the type of protection Non-Ex Non-Ex Devices that are operated on a non-Ex segment may not be
and the explosion group of the installed in an explosion hazardous area.
measured media.

Segment coupler The following segment couplers are available at present:

Manufacturer Designation Type of Current output Voltage

protection

Siemens 6ES7-157-0 AD00 0XA0 [EEx ia] IIC 100 mA 12.5 VDC
Siemens 6ES7-157-0 AC00 0XA0 Standard 400 mA 19.0 VDC

Table 4.2 P+F KFD2-BR-EX1.2PA.93 [EEx ia] IIC 100 mA 13.0 VDC
Examples of segment couplers
together with specifications P+F KFD2-BR-1PA.93 Standard 400 mA 25.0 VDC

26 Endress+Hauser
PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines Chapter 4 Planning

4.2 Cable type and length

The bus length is dependent upon the type of protection of the segment and the
specification of the cable. In order that the basic requirements for transmission on the
IEC 61158-2 physical layer are fulfilled and that the inductance and capacitance of the
cable can be neglected, the bus length and loop resistance are limited. Table 4.2 lists
the PROFIBUS-PA specifications.

Power supply Type A Type B Type C

Application EEx [ia/ib] IIC EEx [ib] IIB Standard

Supply voltage* 13.5 V 13.5 V 24 V
Max. power* 1.8 W 4.2 W 9.1 W
Max. current consumption* ≤ 110 mA ≤ 280 mA ≤ 400 mA
Max. loop resistance ≤ 40 Ω ≤ 16 Ω ≤ 39 Ω
Max. bus segment length 1000 m (EEx ia) 1900 m 1900 m Table 4.3
Standardised power supplies
Max. spur length 30 m 30 m see Table 4.4 with max. loop resistance and
bus length for various applications
*see also the technical data supplied by the manufacturer

The bus length is the sum of the length of the trunk cable plus all spurs. If a repeater is Bus length
used, then the max. permissible length is doubled.

The spurs are subject to the following limitations: Spurs

• Spurs longer than 30 m are not permissible in explosion hazardous areas.
• For non-hazardous applications, the maximum length of a spur is dependent
upon the number of field devices, see Table 4.4.
• Spurs which are shorter than 1 m are treated as connection boxes and are not
included in the calculation of the total bus length, provided that they do not
together exceed 8 m for a 400 m bus or 2 % of the total length for a longer bus.

No. of field devices 25-32 19-24 15-18 13-14 1-12 Table 4.4
Spur length ≤1m 30 m 60 m 90 m 120 m Max. spur lengths for non-hazardous
applications

The maximum cable length for a particular cable resistance is calculated as follows, Max. cable length
whereby the limits in Table 4.4. must be observed.

Max. cable length (km) = max. loop resistance of the segment coupler (Table 4.3)
specific resistivity of the cable (Ω/km)

If not given, the loop resistance is (Ω/km) = 2 x (1000 ρ/A)

whereby ρ = specific resistivity Ω mm2/m und A = core cross-section mm2.

Table 4.5 list examples for the PROFIBUS-PA cable available from various
manufacturers.

Manufacturer Order No. Application Specific resistance

Siemens 6XV1830-5BH10 Standard ≤ 44 Ω/km

Siemens 6XV1830-5AH10 EEx ia/ib IIC ≤ 44 Ω/km
Kerpen CEL-PE/OSCR/PVC/FRLA FB-02YS(St)Y# Standard
Kerpen CEL-PE/OSCR/PVC/FRLA EEx ia/ib IIC
FB-02YS(St+C)Y#
Table 4.5
Belden 3076F (used in Turck products) Standard 45.4 Ω/km Loop resistance of various
PROFIBUS-PA cables

Endress+Hauser 27
Chapter 4 Planning PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines

4.3 Calculation of current consumption

The primary factors in determining the number of devices on a segment are the current
supplied by the segment coupler and the current consumption of the field devices. For
this reason, the current consumption must be calculated for every segment. As a rule of
thumb for general planning:
• Max. 32 devices per segment are permissible in non-hazardous areas
(A repeater allows more devices on the segment).
• Max. 10 devices are permissible in hazardous areas of category ia.
For the calculation, the current supplied by the segment coupler Is, the basic current of
every device IB and the fault current of every device IFDE must be known. From the
electrical point of view, a segment is permissible when:
Is ≥ ISEG whereby ISEG = ΣIB + max. IFDE

Table 4.5 lists the basic current, the fault current and other specifications of
Endress+Hauser devices. The following examples illustrate how the calculation should
be made. Empty forms can be found in Appendix A.

Type Application ID code Type of Basic Fault Auxiliary

protection current IB current IFDE energy

Cerabar S Pressure 1501 EEx ia IIC 11 mA 0 mA from bus

Deltabar S Differential 1504 EEx ia IIC 11 mA 0 mA from bus
pressure
Deltapilot S Level 1503 EEx ia IIC 11 mA 0 mA from bus
Micropilot Level 150A EEx ia IIC 12 mA 0 mA from bus
Mycom II pH/Redox 1508 EEx em [ia/ib] IIC* 11 mA 0 mA local
Conductivity 1509 EEx em [ia/ib] IIC* 11 mA 0 mA local
(cond).
Conductivity 150B EEx em [ia/ib] IIC* 11 mA 0 mA local
(ind)
Promag 33 Flow 1505 EEx de [ib/ia] IIC* 12 mA 0 mA local
Promag 35 12 mA 0 mA local
Promass 63 Flow 1506 EEx de [ib/ia] IIC* 12 mA 0 mA local
EEx d [ib/ia] IIC*
Prowirl 77 Flow 1510 EEx ia IIC 11 mA 0 mA from bus
Prosonic T Level 1502 EEx ia IIC 13 mA 0 mA from bus
#
FMU 232 EEx d 17 mA 0 mA
TMD 834 Temperature 1507 EEx ia IIC 13 mA 0 mA from bus
Mypro Conductivity 150C EEx ia IIC 11 mA 0 mA from bus
pH/Redox 150D EEx ia IIC 11 mA 0 mA from bus
Liquisys Conductivity 1515 None 11 mA 0 mA local
pH 1516 11 mA 0 mA
Turbidity 1517 11 mA 0 mA
Oxygen 1518 11 mA 0 mA
Chlorine 1519 11 mA 0 mA
Table 4.6
FXA 164 Level limit 1514 EEx ia IIC 30 mA 0 mA from bus
PROFIBUS-PA data of E+H
devices RID 261 Display EEx ia IIC 11 mA 0 mA from bus

28 Endress+Hauser
PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines Chapter 4 Planning

4.4 Voltage at last device

The resistance of the cable causes a voltage drop on the segment that is greatest at the
device which is farthest from the segment coupler. It must be checked whether an
operating voltage of 9 V (for FEB 20 in Zone 0 9.6 V) is present at this device.

Ohm's law is used:

UB = US – (ISEG x RSEG)

whereby: UB = Voltage at last device

US = Output voltage of the segment coupler (manufacturer's data)
ISEG = Current consumed on the segment (as calculated in Section 4.2)
RSEG = Cable resistance = bus length x specific resistivity

4.5 Calculation examples for bus design

Specimen calculation for a bus operating in a safe area with the architecture shown in Example 1,
Fig. 4.1. non-hazardous
Standard segment coupler: Siemens, Is = 400 mA, Us = 19 V. Cable: Siemens, 44 Ω/km application

Standard segment coupler: T

Us = 19 V
Is = 400 mA
Trunk cable 60 m
15 m

20 m

20 m

15 m

20 m

20 m
7m

5m

7m

7m

5m

1 2 7 8
UB = 17.64 V
spur

3 4 9 10

5 6 11 12

Fig. 4.1
Example 1: Bus installed in
non-hazardous area

Max. loop resistance, standard segment coupler (see Table 4.2) 39 Ω Cable length
Specific resistance of cable (e.g. Siemens) 44 Ω/km
Max. length (m)= 1000 x loop resistance/specific resistance
1000 x (39 Ω/44 Ω) = 886 m

Length of trunk cable 60 m

Total length of spurs 141 m
Total length of cable (= trunk cable + spurs) LSEG 201 m

Total length of cable 201 m < Max. length 886 m OK!

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Chapter 4 Planning PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines

Current consumption No. Device Manufacturer Tag Basic current Fault current

1 Promass 63 Endress+Hauser FIC122 12 mA 0 mA

2 Positioner –––– VIC121 13 mA 4 mA
3 Deltapilot S Endress+Hauser LIC124 11 mA 0 mA
4 TMD 834 Endress+Hauser TIC123 13 mA 0 mA
5 Promass 63 Endress+Hauser FIC126 12 mA 0 mA
6 Positioner –––– VIC125 13 mA 6 mA
7 Promass 63 Endress+Hauser FIC222 12 mA 0 mA
8 Positioner –––– VIC221 13 mA 4 mA
9 Deltapilot S Endress+Hauser LIC224 11 mA 0 mA
10 TMD 834 Endress+Hauser TIC223 13 mA 0 mA
11 Promass 63 Endress+Hauser FIC226 12 mA 0 mA
12 Positioner –––– VIC225 13 mA 4 mA
Max. fault current (max. IFDE) 6 mA

Current consumption ISEG = ΣIB + max. IFDE 154 mA

Output current of segment coupler Is 400 mA

Is ≥ ΣIB + max. IFDE ? yes OK!

Voltage at last device Output voltage of segment coupler US (manufacturer's data) 19.00 V
Specific resistance of cable RK (e.g. Siemens) 44 Ω/km
Total length of cable LSEG 201 m
Resistance of cable RSEG = LSEG x RK 8.844 Ω
Current consumption of segment ISEG 154 mA
Voltage drop UA = ISEG x RSEG 1.36 V
Voltage at last device UB = US - UA 17.64 V
UB ≥ 9 V?** OK!

*The operating voltage for the FEB 24 P in Zone 0 is 9.6 V.

Conclusion Result of the calculations:

• Cable length: OK
• Current consumption: OK
• Voltage at last device: OK
From the point of view of the architecture, the segment in Example 1 can be operated
with a standard segment coupler with an output current of 400 mA. In this case, two
additional tanks with identical instrumentation could be operated on the same segment.

30 Endress+Hauser
PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines Chapter 4 Planning

In Examples 2 and 3, the PROFIBUS-PA segment is to operate in an explosion hazardous Example 2, EEx ia
area. In accordance with the FISCO model, the devices are operated on two separate
segments with type of protection EEx ia for Zone 0 and EEx ib for Zone 1. Calculations
are made for both segments.

Specimen calculation for a bus operating in a hazardous area Zone 0 with the architecture
shown in Fig. 4.2. Segment coupler [EEx ia] IIC: Siemens, Is = 100 mA, Us = 13 V.
Cable: Siemens 44 Ω/km, max. bus length = 1000 m

Segment coupler [EEx ia] IIC

Is = 100 mA
Us = 13 V T T

UB = 12.77 V
EEx ib
T
trunk cable EEx ia.
T
5m

5m
50 m
15 m

15 m
1 2 7 8
Zone 0 Zone 0
spur

3 4 9 10

5 6 11 12 Fig. 4.2
Example 2: Calculation of the
Zone 1 Zone 1 segment EEx ia.
Bus installed with routing to
Zone 0 (EEx ia) and
Zone 1 (EEx ib)

Max. loop resistance, EEx ia (see Table 4.2) 40 Ω Cable length:

Specific resistance of cable (e.g. Siemens) 44 Ω/km
Max. length (m)= 1000 x loop resistance/specific resistance
1000 x (40 Ω/44 Ω) = 909 m

Length of trunk cable 50 m

Total length of spurs 40 m
Total length of cable (= trunk cable + spurs) LSEG 90 m

Total length of cable 90 m < Max. length 909 m OK!

No. Device Manufacturer Tag Basic current Fault current

Current consumption

3 Deltapilot S Endress+Hauser LIC124 11 mA 0 mA

4 TMD 834 Endress+Hauser TIC123 13 mA 0 mA
9 Deltapilot S Endress+Hauser LIC224 11 mA 0 mA
10 TMD 834 Endress+Hauser TIC223 13 mA 0 mA
Max. fault current (max. IFDE) 0 mA

Current consumption ISEG = SIB + max. IFDE 48 mA

Output current of segment coupler Is 100 mA

Is ≥ ΣIB + max. IFDE ? ja OK!

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Chapter 4 Planning PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines

Voltage at last device Output voltage of segment coupler US (manufacturer's data) 13.00 V
Specific resistance of cable RK (e.g. Siemens) 44 Ω/km
Total length of cable LSEG 90 m
Resistance of cable RSEG = LSEG x RK 3.96 Ω
Current consumption of segment ISEG 48 mA
Voltage drop UA = ISEG x RSEG 0.19 V
Voltage at last device UB = US - UA 12.81 V
UB ≥ 9 V?* OK!

*The operating voltage for the FEB 24 P in Zone 0 is 9.6 V.

Conclusion Result of the calculations:

• Cable length: OK
• Current consumption OK
• Voltage at last device OK
From the point of view of the architecture, the segment in example 2 can be operated
with an EEx ia segment coupler with an output current of 100 mA.

Example 3, EEx ib Specimen calculation for a bus operating in a hazardous area Zone 1 with the architecture
shown in Fig. 4.3. Segment coupler [EEx ia/ib] IIC: P+F, Is = 100 mA, Us = 13 V.
Cable: Siemens, 44 Ω/km

Segment coupler [Ex ia/ib] IIC

Is = 100 mA
Us = 13 V T T

Trunk cable 60 m
EEx ib
T
EEx ia.
T
7m

7m

7m

7m

1 2 7 8
UB = 12,22 V Zone 0 Zone 0

3 4 9 10
20 m

20 m

20 m

20 m
spur

5 6 11 12
Fig. 4.3
Example 3: Calculation of the Zone 1 Zone 1
segment EEx ib,
Bus installed with routing to Zone 0
(EEx ia) and Zone 1 (EEx ib)

Cable length: Max. loop resistance, EEx ib (see Table 4.2) 16 Ω

Specific resistance of cable (e.g. Siemens) 44 Ω/km
Max. length (m)= 1000 x loop resistance/specific resistance 363 m
1000 x (16 Ω/44 W) =

Length of trunk cable 60 m

Total length of spurs 108 m
Total length of cable (= trunk cable + spurs) LSEG 168 m

Total length of cable 168 m < Max. length 363 m OK!

32 Endress+Hauser
PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines Chapter 4 Planning

No. Device Manufacturer Measuring Basic current Fault current Current consumption
point

1 Promass 63 Endress+Hauser FIC226 12 mA 0 mA

2 Positioner –––– VIC121 13 mA 4 mA
5 Promass 63 Endress+Hauser FIC122 12 mA 0 mA
6 Positioner –––– VIC125 13 mA 6 mA
7 Promass 63 Endress+Hauser FIC126 12 mA 0 mA
8 Positioner –––– VIC221 13 mA 4 mA
11 Promass 63 Endress+Hauser FIC222 12 mA 0 mA
12 Positioner –––– VIC225 13 mA 4 mA
Max. fault current (max. IFDE) 6 mA

Current consumption ISEG = SIB + max. IFDE 106 mA

Output current of segment coupler Is (EEx ia IIB) 100 mA

Is ≥ ΣIB + max. IFDE ? no Impossible!

Speisestrom eines Segmentkopplers Is (EEx ib IIB) ≤280 mA

Is ≥ ΣIB + max. IFDE ? yes OK!

Output voltage of segment coupler US (manufacturer's data) 13 V Voltage at last device

Specific resistance of cable RK (e.g. Siemens) 44 Ω/km
Total length of cable LSEG 168 m
Resistance of cable RSEG = LSEG x RK 7.39 Ω
Current consumption of segment ISEG 106 mA
Voltage drop UA = ISEG x RSEG 0.78 V
Voltage at last device UB = US - UA 12.22 V
UB ≥ 9 V?* OK!

*The operating voltage for the FEB 24 P in Zone 0 is 9.6 V.

Result of the calculations: Conclusion

• Cable length: OK
• Current consumption EEx ia not permissible, EEx ib OK
• Voltage at last device OK

The result for a segment with type of protection EEx ib and a segment coupler EEx ia IIC
is negative. A segment coupler with type of protection EEx ib IIB would be permissible
but at the moment there is none on the market. Two possible alternatives are shown in
Fig. 4.4:
• Version A:
two segments with type of protections EEx ib are routed to one tank each. In this
case, the current consumption is reduced to 56 mA. A segment coupler with type
of protection EEx ia IIC is adequate for this requirement.
• Version B:
only circuits with type of protection EEx ia are connected to the bus. The plant
can then be equipped with two segments with type of protection EEx ia.
The current consumption per segment is 80 mA.

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Chapter 4 Planning PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines

Version A Segment coupler. 3x [EEx ia] IIC T T T

EEx ib
EEx ib

EEx ia.

T
T T

1 2 7 8
Zone 0 Zone 0

3 4 9 10

5 6 11 12

Zone 1 Zone 1

Version B Segment coupler. 2x [EEx ia] IIC

T T

EEx ia.

EEx ia.

T T

1 2 7 8
Zone 0 Zone 0
Fig. 4.4
Example 2:
Alternative architectures:
3 4 9 10
Version A – two segments with
degree of protection EEx ib IIC 5 6 11 12
Version B – two segments with
degree of protection EEx ia IIC Zone 1 Zone 1
T: Terminator

34 Endress+Hauser
PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines Chapter 4 Planning

4.6 Data quantity

If the participants communicate directly with the PROFIBUS-DP master through a
segment coupler, then the amount of data exchanged sets no limits to the design of the
PROFIBUS-DP segment. If a link is used as interface to the PROFIBUS-DP system,
however, the amount of data that can be stored in the I/O buffer is limited. The maximum
telegram length that can be handled by the PLC must also be taken into consideration.
Table 4.7 summarises the measured values, amount of data and cycle times associated
with Endress+Hauser devices. Table 6.3 in Chapter 6.4 lists the telegram lengths of
various PLCs.

Specifications in bytes
Link, T
non-hazardous
area
Amount of data 44...284 bytes to PLC

0---15
6...51

0...15

6...51

6...51

0...15
6...51

0..15

5
5

1 2 7 8
bytes per device

3 4 9 10

5 6 11 12

Fig. 4.5
Example 1: Bus installed in
non-hazardous area

Take Example 1 in Fig 4.5: can a link be used? Example: Data quantity
• 4x devices deliver 4x 5 bytes = 20 bytes
• 4x Promass deliver 4x 6 to 51 byte = 24...204 bytes
• 4x positioners deliver 4x 0 to 15 byte = 0...60 bytes

Depending upon the device configuration, from 44 bytes to 284 bytes are periodically
exchanged with the PLC. In the case of a link, the data are transmitted to the PLC in a
telegram. The telegram length is limited:
a) by the buffer size of the link, e.g. 244 bytes,
b) by the max. telegram length of the PLC, e.g. 122 bytes
c) by the PROFIBUS-PA specification 244 bytes.
It can seen that the use of a link is determined by the configuration of the field devices
and the system components used. Should the maximum configuration be required, a link
could not be used.

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Chapter 4 Planning PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines

Type Cyclic data Data amount Response time Function blocks

Cerabar S Pressure 5 byte 10 ms AI, PB, TB pressure

Deltabar S Differential pressure 5 byte 10 ms AI, PB, TB pressure
Deltapilot S Level 5 byte 10 ms AI, PB, TB level
Micropilot Level 5 byte 10 ms AI, PB, TB level
Mycom II pH Wert 5...10 byte 10 ms ...11,3 ms AI, PB
Temperature
Conductivity (ind.) 5...10 byte 10 ms ...11,3 ms AI, PB
Temperature
Conductivity (cond.) 5....10 byte 10 ms ...11,3 ms AI, PB
Temperature
Promag 33/35 Flow 5...10 byte 10 ms ...11,3 ms AI, PB, TB flow
Totalisator + 1 byte output data TB totalisor
Control
Promass 63 Mass flow 5 byte ... 50 byte 10 ms ... 23 ms 8x AI, PB, TB flow
Totalisator 1 + 1 byte output data 2x TB totalisor
Temperature
Density
Totalisator 2
Volumetric flow
Satndard
volumetric flow
Target medium flow
Carrier medium flow
Calculated density
Control
Prowirl 77 Flow 5 byte ...10 byte 10 ms ...11.3 ms AI, PB, TB flow
Totalisator + 1 byte output data TB totalisor
Control
Prosonic T Level 5 byte 10 ms AI, PB, TB level
TMD 834 Temperature 5 byte 10 ms AI, PB, TB temp.
Mypro Conductivity, 5...10 byte 10 ms ...11.3 ms AI, PB
Temperature
pH value 5...10 byte 10 ms ...11.3 ms AI, PB
Temperature
Liquisys pH value 5...10 byte 10 ms ...11.3 ms AI, PB
Temperature
O2, Temperature 5...10 byte 10 ms ...11.3 ms AI, PB
Cl2, Temperature 5...10 byte 10 ms ...11.3 ms AI, PB
Turbidity, 5...10 byte 10 ms ...11.3 ms AI, PB
Temperature
Conductivity 5...10 byte 10 ms ...11.3 ms AI, PB
Temperature

Table 4.7 FXA 164 Level limit 2...8.byte 10 ms...13.9 ms DI, PB

PROFIBUS-PA data of E+H
devices RIB 261 Display 0 byte 0 ms Listener function

36 Endress+Hauser
PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines Chapter 4 Planning

4.7 Cycle times

In addition to the amount of data, the cycle times must also be considered when the
PROFIBUS-PA segment is planned. Data exchange between a PLC (a Class 1 master)
and the field devices occurs automatically in a fixed, repetitive order. The cycle times
determine how much time is required until the data of all the devices in the network are
updated.

The more complex a device is, the greater the amount of data to be exchanged and the
longer the response time for the exchange between PLC and device. Table 4.7
summarises the amount of data and the response times for Endress+Hauser devices.
The total cycle time for the updating of network data is calculated as follows:
Total cycle time = Sum of the cycle times of the field devices
+ internal PLC cycle time
+ PROFIBUS-DP transmission time
Examples can be found in Section 4.9.

The total cycle time of a system can be reduced considerably by the use of links. The Links
limitation placed on the transmission rate of the PROFIBUS-DP side by a segment coupler
is eliminated.

4.8 Addressing
Every device in the bus system is assigned a unique address. Valid addresses lie in the
range 0...126. If the address is not set correctly, the device cannot communicate.

The PLC is able to assign up to 126 addresses to individual devices. A device address PROFIBUS-DP network
may appear only once within a particular PROFIBUS-DP system. If a segment coupler is
used, then the addresses assigned to the PROFIBUS-PA devices count as
PROFIBUS-DP addresses. For a typical bus configuration with PLC and PC, the
addresses are assigned as follows:
• the PLC is assigned an address (Class 1 master)
• the PC or operating tool is assigned an address
(Class 2 master)
• the other addresses are assigned to the field devices.

If one or more links are in use, these are considered to be on the PROFIBUS-DP network. Addressing with a link
The field devices connected to link, however, form a separate PROFIBUS-PA system. In
this case, the PROFIBUS-DP addresses are assigned as follows:
• the PLC is assigned an address (Class 1 master)
• the PC or operating tool is assigned an address
(Class 2 master)
• every link is assigned an address:
The field devices connected to the link are assigned a unique address for the
PROFIBUS-PA segment of which they are part. They are not counted as part of
the PROFIBUS-DP system.
• the rest of the addresses are assigned to the other field devices that are
connected to transporent segment couples or directly to the PROFIBUS-DP
system.

On the PROFIBUS-PA side, every device is assigned an address between 3 and 126,
(the addresses 0 and 1 are reserved). Address 2 is reserved for the link.

Three examples for addressing are to be found in Section 4.9.

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Chapter 4 Planning PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines

4.9 Example calculations for addressing and cycle times

Example 1: Siemens segment couplers can be used by any PROFIBUS-DP master (PLC or process
Siemens segment control system) that supports a baudrate of 45.45 kbit/s. In the example, two couplers
coupler for hazardous areas and one for non-hazardous areas are used.
• A maximum of 126 (0 - 125) addresses can be given to the participants, since
the segment coupler is transparent.
• 124 addresses are available for assignment to the field devices.
• The addresses 3 - 19 are used.
• The transmission rate is 45.45 kbit/s.
The cycle time for the following example is:
• Σ (cycle time of the devices) + PLC cycle time (ca. 100 ms)
= 17 x 10 ms + 100 ms
= 270 ms

Note!
• For PROFIBUS-DP alone, the DP transmission time must also be considered.

Note!

Segment coupler [EEx ia] IIC/IIB Non-hazardous area

Device designation 6ES7-157-0 AD00-0XA0 6ES7-157-0 AC00-0XA0

max. output current 100 mA 400 mA

power supply CPU DP master Operating tool

address A 1 address A 2
100 ms

PROFIBUS-DP 45.45 kbit/s

Standard segment coupler Ex segment coupler Ex segment coupler

A8 A 14

A3 A9 A 15

A4 A 10 A 16
PROFIBUS-PA

PROFIBUS-PA
PROFIBUS-PA

A5 A 11 A 17

A 12 A 18
A6

A7 A 13 A 19

Safe area Explosion hazardous area

Fig. 4.6
Example of network for Siemens
segment coupler

38 Endress+Hauser
PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines Chapter 4 Planning

The Peppert + Fuchs segment coupler can be used by any PROFIBUS-DP master (PLC Example 2:
or process control system). It can thus be used in all common configurations. In the Pepperl + Fuchs
example, two couplers for hazardous areas and one for non-hazardous areas are used. segment coupler
• A maximum of 126 (0 - 125) addresses can be given to the participants, since
the segment coupler is transparent.
• 124 addresses are available for assignment to the field devices.
• The addresses 3 - 19 are used.
• The transmission rate is 93.75 kbit/s.
The cycle time for the following example is:
• Σ (cycle time of the devices) + PLC cycle time (ca. 100 ms)
= 17 x 10 ms + 100 ms
= 270 ms

Note!
• For PROFIBUS-DP alone, the DP transmission time must also be considered.

Note!
Segment coupler [EEx ia] IIC/IIB Non-hazardous area

Device designation KFD2-BR-EX1.2PA93 KFD2-BR-1PA.93

max. output current 100 mA 400 mA

power supply CPU DP-master Operating tool

address A1 address A2
100 ms

PROFIBUS-DP 93.75 kbit/s

Standard segment Ex segment coupler Ex segment coupler

A8 A 14

A3 A9 A 15

A4 A 10 A 16
PROFIBUS-PA

PROFIBUS-PA
PROFIBUS-PA

A5 A 11 A 17

A6 A 12 A 18

A7 A 13 A 19

Safe area Hazardous area Fig. 4.7

Network example for P+F
segment

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Chapter 4 Planning PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines

Example 3: The Siemens PA-link can be used by any PROFIBUS-DP master (PLC or process control
Siemens PA-link system). Three links are used in the example: two links for hazardous areas and one for
non-hazardous areas. Two segment couplers for non-hazardous areas are connected to
the link for non-hazardous areas. Similarly two segment couplers for hazardous areas
are connected to the hazardous area link.
• A maximum of 126 addresses can be assigned to the participants on the
PROFIBUS-DP system.
• A maximum of 30 addresses (address range 3 - 126) can be assigned in the
PROFIBUS-PA segments connected to the link.
• The PROFIBUS-DP addresses 3 -5 are used to address the links.
• In the PROFIBUS-PA segments, the addresses 2 -11, 2 - 10 and 2 - 9 are used,
whereby address 2 is reserved for the link in each case.
• The transmission rate may be up to 12 Mbit/s.
The cycle time for the following example is:
• Σ (cycle time of the devices) + cycle time per link + PLC-cycle time
PROFIBUS-PA segment 1: 9 x 10 ms + 3 x 1 ms + 100 ms = 193 ms
PROFIBUS-PA segment 2: 8 x 10 ms + 3 x 1 ms + 100 ms = 183 ms
PROFIBUS-PA segment 3: 7 x 10 ms + 3 x 1 ms + 100 ms = 173 ms

•
Note!
Note! • For PROFIBUS-DP alone, the DP transmission time must also be considered.

Segment coupler [EEx ia] IIC/IIB Non-hazardous area PA Link (IM157)

Device designation 6ES7-157-0 AD00-0XA0 6ES7-157-0 AC00-0XA0 6ES7-157-0 AC00-0XA0

max. output current 100 mA 400 mA ——

power supply CPU DP master Operating tool

addess A1 address A2
100 ms

PROFIBUS-DP …12 Mbit/s

Standard segment Ex segment coupler Ex segment coupler

A3 A4 A5
Link Link Link

PA 2 PA 2 PA 2

PA 7 PA 7 PA 6
PA 3

PA 8 PA 8 PA 7
PA 3 PA 3
PROFIBUS-PA

PROFIBUS-PA

PROFIBUS-PA

PA 9
PA 4 PA 4 PA 4

PA 10 PA 9 PA 8
PA 5 PA 5

PA 11 PA 10 PA 9
PA 6 PA 6 PA 5

Subnetwork Subnetwork Subnetwork

Non-hazardous area Explosion-hazardous area

Fig. 4.8
Network example for Siemens link

40 Endress+Hauser
PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines Chapter 5 Installation

5 Installation

When installing a PROFIBUS-PA segment, particular attention must be paid to the wiring.
The customer has two choices:
• T-box with screw terminals
• Cord sets with M12 connector.
In both cases, care must be taken regarding the continuity of the screening and the
correct termination of the segment.

PROFIBUS-DP systems are usually connected together by means of Sub-D connectors,

since there are currently no special components.

The correct installation of the field devices is also important. Since this is beyond the
scope of these guidelines, the information should be taken from the corresponding
device instructions. Finally, the address must be set. The way in which this is done has
an influence on how the segment is subsequently commissioned.

The chapter contains the following sections:

• Cabling in safe areas
• Example: screening in safe areas
• Example: screening in explosion hazardous areas
• Termination
• Overvoltage protection
• Installation of the devices
• Addressing

Note!
• Endress+Hauser devices that are suitable for use in explosion hazardous areas are
designed such that the circuit that is connected to the bus exhibits the type of
protection "intrinsic safety" category ia. Note!
• In contrast to loop-powered devices, four-wire devices have further types of
protection. This must be taken into account when the device is installed. Since the
connection compartment for the intrinsically safe circuits are designed with type of
protection EEx d or EEx e, the M12 connector cannot be used for EEx d devices and
only under certain conditions for EEx e devices.

Endress+Hauser 41
Chapter 5 Installation PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines

5.1 Cabling in safe areas

Screened cable must always be used, see Chapter 3.2. In order to obtain the optimal
effectiveness, the screening should be connected as often as possible to ground.
• The external ground terminal on the transmitter must be connected to ground.
• The screening must be grounded at each end of the cable.
• In the event of large differences in potential between the individual grounding
points, only on point on the screening should be connected to the ground. All
other screening ends are connected to ground via a capacitor that is suitable for
HF applications. (Recommended: ceramic capacitor 10 nF/250 V∼)

T-box (E+H Order Nos.) Depending upon the T-box, the cable screening is grounded via a 10 nF
Aluminium housing IP 67 with 4-pin connector capacitor or a special Pg cable gland. If necessary, the capacitor can be
• 017481-0130 with special Pg9 (Iris spring) replaced by a wire jumper.
switchable bus terminator
• 017481-0110 with standard Pg,
switchable bus terminator,
internal grounding capacitor 10 nF plant ground
(for capacitive grounding)

Bus cable

100 Ω
B
S
next T-box A
1µF

A S B
Bus cable
connector

cable gland with iris spring and/or jumper

connected screening
bus terminator
ON
bus terminator
PROFIBUS-PA OFF
Fig. 5.1
device via M12
Optimal EMC connection when connector
voltage differences between the
grounding points are small

Screening the spur/ Use cable glands with good electromagnetic compatibility, if possible with all-round
T-box contacting of the cable screening (iris spring). A prerequisite is small potential
differences, if necessary with equipotential bonding.
• The continuity of the PA cable screening between tapping points must be
ensured.
• The connection to the screening must be kept as short as possible.

Ideally, cable glands with iris spring should be used to connect the cable screening to
T-boxes. The iris spring within the gland connects the screening to the T-box housing.
The woven screening lies under the iris spring. When the gland is tighten, the spring is
squeezed tight onto the screening, producing good electrical contact between the
screening and the metal housing.

A T-box is to be seen as part of the screening (Faraday cage). This applies in particular
drop-line boxes, when they are connected to a PA device via plug and cable. In such
cases, a metal plug must be used, in which the cable screening is in direct contact with
the plug housing, e.g. a cord set.

42 Endress+Hauser
PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines Chapter 5 Installation

5.2 Example: screening in safe areas

Note!
• These suggestions may deviate from existing standards (IEC 61158-2) and
guidelines, but produce optimal installation from an EMC point of view.
Note!

Optimal installation when an equipotential bonding system exists Example 1

• When the device is not connected directly to the T-box or junction box, use a
cord set ➀ with M12 connector.

T-box T-box

power
cable gland with
supply/
iris spring
segment ➀
coupler
ground connection
as short as possible field device plug with ground field device
connection

Fig. 5.2
Plant grounding system (German practice shown here) Optimal installation when an
equipotential bonding system
exists

Isolated installation when no additional grounding is allowed or when the potential Example 2
differences between the grounding points are too great (the customer's grounding
concept must be observed).
• The segment coupler is the preferred point to fully connect the screening (i.e. not
via a capacitor)
• When the device is not connected directly to the T-box or junction box, use a
cord set ➀ with M12 connector.

T-box T-box

power standard Pg 9
supply/
segment
coupler capacitors: ➀
max. 10 nF/250 V~

field device field device

Fig. 5.3
Alternative installation for
isolated version

Endress+Hauser 43
Chapter 5 Installation PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines

5.3 Example: screening in explosion hazardous areas

The examples which follow reflect German practice - when adapting them for international
use, please observe your national regulations.
T-boxes and junction boxes must be certified for use in hazardous areas (light blue
colour), type of protection EEx ia. E+H order number: e.g. 017481-0100

Example 1 Common grounding of all devices

• When the device is not connected directly to the T-box or junction box, use a
cord set ➀ with M12 connector.
• The connection between the screening/housing is not routed into the T-box ➁ and
must be pulled in afterwards.

Non-hardardous Explosion hazardous area

area terminator
E+H Order No.
017481-0001
T-box T-box

power
supply/ standard Pg 9
segment
coupler ➀
➁

field device field device

plant grounding system (German practice shown here)

Fig. 5.4
Common grounding of all devices

Example 2 Separate grounding of the devices between safe and hazardous areas.
• When the device is not connected directly to the T-box or junction box, use a
cord set ➀ with M12 connector.
• The connection between the screening/housing is not routed into the T-box ➁ and
must be pulled in afterwards.
• Use a small capacitor (e.g. 1 nF/1500 V dielectric strength, ceramic) ➂. The total
capacitance connected to the screening must not exceed 10 nF.

Non-harzardous Explosion hazardous area terminator

area E+H Order
No.
T-box T-box 017481-0001

power
supply/
segment screening standard Pg 9
coupler isolated
from ➀
housing ➁

field device field device

Fig. 5.5 ➂ plant grounding system (German practice shown here)

Separate grounding of the
devices between safe and
hazardous areas.

44 Endress+Hauser
PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines Chapter 5 Installation

5.4 Termination
The start and end of every PROFIBUS-PA segment must be fitted with a bus terminator.
For non-hazardous areas, some T-boxes have an integrated terminating element that can
be switched in when required. If this is not the case, a separate terminator must be used.
• The segment coupler at the beginning of the segment has a built in terminator.
• The terminator in the T-box at the end of the segment must be switched in, or a
separate terminator must be used.
• T-boxes with switchable terminators may not be used in explosion hazardous
areas. The terminator requires the corresponding FISCO approval and is a
separate unit.
• For a segment with a tree architecture, the bus ends at the device that is the
furthest from the segment coupler.
• For a junction box, the termination can be made at the box, provided that none of
the connected spurs exceeds 30 m in length.
• If the bus is extended by the use of a repeater, then the extension must also be
terminated at both ends.

The beginning and end of the PROFIBUS-DP segment must also be terminated, see
Chapter 2. The terminating resistors are already built into most of the connectors on the
market and must only be switched in.

5.5 Overvoltage protection

Depending upon the application, the PROFIBUS-PA segment can also be protected
against overvoltages.
• An overvoltage protector is installed immediately after the segment coupler.
• An overvoltage protector is installed immediately before every device
(between the device and the T-box).
• In the case of hazardous applications, each overvoltage protector must have the
corresponding approval.
• The manufacturer's instructions are to be observed when installing.

The overvoltage protectors HAW 560 (standard) and HAW 562 Z (hazardous
applications) are available from Endress+Hauser or direct from the manufacturer (Dehn
und Söhne, Neumarkt, Germany)

Segment coupler

field device

Overvoltage Fig. 5.6

protection PROFIBUS-PA overvoltage
protection system

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Chapter 5 Installation PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines

5.6 Installation of the devices

The devices must be installed in accordance with the following operating manuals.

ID Code Device Operating instructions

1501 Cerabar S BA 168P/00/de

1502 Prosonic T BA 166F/00/de
1503 Deltapilot S BA 164F/00/de
1504 Deltabar S BA 167P/00/de
1505 Promag 33/35 BA 029D/06/de
1506 Promass 63 BA 033D/06/de
1507 TMD 834 BA 090R/09/de
1508 Mycom II pH BA 143C/07/de
1509 Mycom II conductivity (ind.) BA 168C/07/de
150A Micropilot FMR 230 V BA 202F/00/de
Micropilot FMR 231 BA 176F/00/de
150B Mycom II conductivity (cond.) BA 144C/07/ de
150C Mypro conductivity BA 198C/07/de
150D Mypro pH BA 198C/07/de
1510 Prowirl 77 BA 037D/06/de
1515 – 1519 Liquisys in Vorbereitung
1514 FXN 164 TI 343F/00/de
RID 261 BA 098R/09/a3

Explosion-hazardous All components used in explosion-hazardous applications must have a FISCO approval.
areas If this is not the case, the PROFIBUS-PA segment must be specially approved by the
responsible authorities. All the Endress+Hauser devices listed above have been certified
in accordance with the FISCO model.

Note!
In addition to the general installation guidelines, any special guidelines for installation in
Note!
explosion-hazardous areas as well as the guidelines in Chapter 4.1 regarding the
interconnection of devices in explosion hazardous areas must be observed.

Electrical connection Connect up according to the instructions in the device operating manual.

For devices with integrated polarity protection of the bus line, the correct polarity is
automatically selected. If a device without polarity protection is incorrectly wired, then it
will not be recognised by the PLC or operating program. Such an incorrect connection,
however, has no damaging effect on the device or the segment.

All Endress+Hauser devices have integrated polarity protection and can be

commissioned independent of the actual polarity.

46 Endress+Hauser
PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines Chapter 5 Installation

5.7 Addressing
The device address can be set either locally via DIP switch, via local operating elements Address switch
or by the appropriate software, e.g. Commuwin II.
• If future extensions to the network are planned, it makes sense to assign
addresses for the devices that are not yet connected. These can then be
connected per plug and play at a later date.

All Endress+Hauser devices except the temperature sensor TMD 834 are fitted with an
address switch.

2 + 8 = 10

on SW
off HW
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

• Switches 1 - 7: Hardware address

• Switch 8: Hardware addressing (OFF) or
Software addressing (ON) is used.
The default setting is the software address 126.

Hardware addressing has the advantage that the device can be installed in the segment Hardware addressing
immediately.
1) Set switch 8 to OFF.
2) Set an address with switches 1 - 7: the associated values are shown in the table.

Switch No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Value in position "off" 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Value in position "on" 1 2 4 8 16 32 64

A software address can be set by calling the DPV1_DDE server in Commuwin II or by Software addressing
using a PROFIBUS-DP operating tool.
• The device leaves the factory set for software addressing: Default address 126.
• This address can be used to check the function of the device and to connect it
into an operating network.
• Afterwards, the address must be changed to allow other devices to be
connected to the network.

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Chapter 5 Installation PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines

Commuwin II To set an address with Commuwin II proceed as follows:

1) Select software addressing at the device: set switch 8 of the address switch to ON
2) Start the DVP1 server with a double click on the DPV1 icon in the Commuwin II
program group.
3) Select the item Set Address in the menu Configure.
4) If a type IM 157 Siemens DP/PA link is being used, enter its DP-address under
PA Link Addr.
5) Enter the current address under Old Addr. (= 126 when commissioning).Check the
address entered by clicking on Check Old Address. If a device with the entered
address is found, a message to this effect appears under Device ID. Otherwise the
error message "unknown" appears.
Set Device Address x
Pa-Link Addr.:

Old Addr.: 34 Check Old Addr.

Device Id: TMD 834

New Addr.: Check New Addr.

Device Id.: UNKNOWN
Set Address

Help Cancel

6) Enter the new address in New Addr.Check that there is no address conflict by
clicking on Check New Address. When the button Set Address becomes active,
click on it to assign the new address to the device.
Set Device Address x
Pa-Link Addr.:

Old Addr.: 34 Check Old Addr.

Device Id: TMD 834

New Addr.: 10 Check New Addr.

Device Id.: UNKNOWN
Set Address

Help Cancel

7) When the procedure is completed correctly, the following message appears:

"Address successfully changed!"

48 Endress+Hauser
PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines Chapter 6 System Integration

6 System Integration

This chapter is concerned with the information that is required for the system integration
of PROFIBUS-DP and PROFIBUS-PA devices. The chapter is structured as follows:
• Device database files
• Data format
• Notes on network design
• Bus parameters
• Tested integrations

6.1 Device database files (GSD)

A device database file contains a description of the properties of the PROFIBUS-PA
device, e.g. the supported transmission rates and the type and format of the digital
information output to the PLC. The bitmap files also belong to the .gsd files. These allow
the measuring point to be represented by an icon. The device database file and
corresponding bitmaps are required by the network design tool of the PROFIBUS-DP
network.

Every device is allocated an identity code by the PROFIBUS User Organisation (PNO).
This appears in the device data base file name (.gsd). For Endress+Hauser devices, the
identity code is always 15xx, where xx is device dependent. The identity codes of the
various devices are listed in Table 4.5 in Chapter 4.3.

Device name ID GSD Type file Bitmaps

code.:

Micropilot 150A EH__150A.gsd EH_150Ax.200 EH150A_d.bmp

FMR 23x (hex) EH150A_n.bmp
EH150A_s.bmp

The full set of device data base files for Endress+Hauser devices can be obtained as
follows:
• INTERNET:
Endress+Hauser → http://www.endress.com
Product Avenue → Downloadstreet → Field Communication Street
PNO →http://www.PROFIBUS.com (GSD library)
• As diskette direct from Endress+Hauser: Order No. 943157-0000

The .GSD files must be loaded into a specific subdirectory in the PROFIBUS-DP network Working with GSD files
design software of your PLC.
• GSD files and bitmaps that are located in the directory "Typdat5x", for example,
are required for the planning software STEP7 used by the Siemens S7-300/400
PLC family.
• x.200 files and bitmaps that are located in the directory "Extended" are required
for the planning software COM ET200 for the Siemens S5.
• The GSD files located in the directory "standard" are for PLCs that support the
"identifier byte" (0x94) but not the "identifier format". These are for use e.g. with
the Allen-Bradley PLC5.
More details about the directories used for storing the GSD files can be found in Chapter
6.4, which describes the network design.

Endress+Hauser 49
Chapter 6 System Integration PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines

6.2 Data format

By using the data exchange service, a PLC can transmit its output data to a field device
and read the input data from the response telegram. The output data is not evaluated by
all devices, see the device operating instructions.

Analogue values If the input data contains analogue measured values, these are usually transmitted in 5
bytes to the PLC.

bytes 1 bytes 2 bytes 3 bytes 4 bytes 5

Measured value as IEEE 754 floating point number Status

If a device delivers more than one measured value, the measured value telegram is
increased accordingly, see Chapter 2.4. The number of measured values that a device
transmits is set with the network design tool. Table 4.7 in Chapter 4.6 as well as the device
operating manuals summarise the measured values that can be transmitted by
Endress+hauser devices.

The measured value is transmitted as a IEEE 754 floating point number, whereby

Measured value = (–1)Sign x 2(E – 127) x (1 + F)

D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0

Sign Exponent (E) Fraction (F)
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Fraction (F)
-8 -9 -10 -11 -12 -13 -14 -15 -16 -17 -18 -19 -20 -21 -22 -23
Fig. 6.1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
IEEE-754 floating point number

Example: 40 F0 00 00 hex = 0100 0000 1111 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 binary
Value = (–1)0 x 2(129 – 127) x (1 + 2–1 + 2–2 +2–3)
= 1 x 22 x (1 + 0.5 + 0.25 + 0.125)
= 1 x 4 x 1.875
= 7.5

Not all PLCs support the IEEE 754 format. For this reason a conversion module must often
be used or written.

Level limit signals If the field device outputs a level limit signal, e.g. FXA 164 with Liquiphant, the information
is transmitted in 2 bytes as follows.

An exact description of the transmission format is to be found in the operating instructions.

bytes 1 bytes 2
Digital value (USGN8) Status

50 Endress+Hauser
PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines Chapter 6 System Integration

Table 6.2 lists the status messages that can be transmitted by Endress+hauser devices. Status
The status codes correspond to the PROFIBUS profiles "PROFIBUS-PA Profile for
Process Control Devices - General Requirements" V 2.0.

The full table is supported by the flowmeters Promag, Promass and Prowirl. All other
devices support only Codes 00Hex, 40Hex and 80Hex.

Status- Significance Device Implimented

Code status
Flow Other

00 Hex Non-specific BAD x x

04 Hex Configuration error BAD x
08 Hex Not connected BAD x
0C Hex Device failure BAD x
10 Hex Sensor failure BAD x
14 Hex No communication (last usable value) BAD x
18 Hex No communication (no usable value) BAD x
1C Hex Out-of-order BAD x
20 Hex Configuration error "variable not" BAD x
40 Hex Non-specific (Simulation) UNCERTAIN x x
44 Hex Last usable value UNCERTAIN x
48 Hex Substitute set UNCERTAIN x
4C Hex Initial value UNCERTAIN x
50 Hex Sensor conversion not accurate UNCERTAIN x
54 Hex Engineering unit range violation UNCERTAIN x
58 Hex Subnormal UNCERTAIN x
5C Hex Configuration error, value adapted UNCERTAIN x
80 Hex OK GOOD x x
81 Hex LOW_LIM (alarm active) GOOD x
82 Hex HI_LIM (alarm active) GOOD x
84 Hex Active block alarm GOOD x
88 Hex Active advisory alarm GOOD x
8C Hex Active critical alarm GOOD x
90 Hex Unacknowledged block alarm GOOD x
94 Hex Unacknowledged advisory alarm GOOD x
98 Hex Unacknowledged critical alarm GOOD x
9C Hex good local operation possible GOOD x
Table 6.1
AC Hex Initiate fail-safe GOOD x
Status messages

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Chapter 6 System Integration PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines

6.3 Notes on network design

In general, the design of a PROFIBUS-DP network proceeds as follows:

1. The network participants are stipulated in a PROFIBUS-DP network design program.

The network is configured off-line with the planning software To this end, the GSD
files are first loaded into the specified directory of the program.

2. The PLC application program must now be written. This is done using the
manufacturer's software. The application program controls the input and output of
data and determines where the data are to be stored. If necessary, an additional
conversion module must be used for PLCs that do not support the IEEE 754
floating point format. Depending upon the way the data is stored in the PLC
(LSB or MSB), a byte swapping module may be required.

3. After the network has been designed and configured, the result is loaded into the
PLC as a binary file.

4. When the PLC configuration is complete, the system can be started up. The master
opens a connection to each individual device. By using a Class 2 master, e.g.
Commuwin II, the devices parameters can now be set.

System Master PROFIBUS System- IEEE bytes

configuration Programming- conv.- swap
software software block

Siemens S5 … series COM PROFIBUS Step 5 FB 201 no

S7 … series HW Config Step 7 ___
HW Config PCS 7 ___
Allen Bradley PLC-5 SST PROFIBUS RS Logix-5 ___ no
Configuration Tool
SLC-500 RS Logix-500 ___
Schneider TSX Premium Sycon Hilscher PL7 Pro ___ yes
Schneider Quantum Modicon Quantum Sycon Concept ___ yes
Klckner-Moller PS 416 CFG-DP S 40 ___ yes

Table 6.2 ABB Freelance Field controller Digitool Digitool ___ yes
Examples of network design
Bosch ZS 401 Win DP Win SPS ___ yes
software

––– not necessary, since integrated in software

52 Endress+Hauser
PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines Chapter 6 System Integration

6.4 Tested system integrations

Table 6.3 lists those PROFIBUS-DP systems that have been successfully tested by
Endress+Hauser. A detailed description of the network design as well as information on
other systems is available on request.

PLC Interface DP/PA-Coupler

Siemens S7-300 315-2DP P+F

Siemens S7-300 315-2DP Siemens
Siemens S7-300 315-2DP Siemens DP/PA link
Siemens S7-400 414-2DP P+F
Siemens S7-400 414-2DP Siemens
Siemens S7-400 414-2DP Siemens DP/PA link
Siemens S5-135U IM 308C P+F
Siemens S5-135U IM 308C Siemens
Siemens S5-155U IM 308C P+F
Siemens S5-155U IM 308C Siemens
Siemens S5-155U IM 308C Siemens DP/PA link
Allen Bradley PLC-5 SST-PFB-PLC5 P+F
Allen Bradley PLC-5 SST-PFB-PLC5 Siemens DP/PA link
Allen Bradley SLC 500 SST-PFB-SLC P+F
Mitsubshi Melsec AnS A1S-J71PB92D P+F
Schneider TSX Quantum 140 CRP 81100 P+F
Schneider Premium TSX PBY 100 P+F
HIMA H41 (MODBUS) PKV 20-DPM P+F
Klckner-Mller PS 416 PS416-NET-440 P+F
ABB Freelance 2000 Fieldcontroller P+F
Softing OPC Server Profiboard/Proficard P+F
Bosch CL 350 P BM DP12 P+F
Table 6.3
Bosch CL 350 P BM DP12 Siemens DP/PA link Summary of tested systems

Endress+Hauser 53
Chapter 6 System Integration PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines

Table 6.5 summarises the most important DP-parameters of various systems.

PLC/interface DP/PA coupler No of slaves per DP DP telegram length

interface

Siemens S7-300 P+F 64 244 bytes

315-2 DP
Siemens 64 244 bytes
Siemens DP/PA link max. 64 links with 122 bytes read
1)
max. 24 slaves each 122 bytes write
Siemens S7-400 P+F 96 244 bytes
414-2 DP
Siemens 96 244 bytes
Siemens DP/PA link max. 96 links with 122 bytes read
1)
max. 24 Slaves 122 bytes write
Siemens S5-135U P+F 122 244 bytes read
IM 308C 244 bytes write
Siemens 122
Siemens S5-155U P+F 122 244 bytes read
IM 308C 244 bytes write
Siemens 122
Siemens DP/PA link max. 20 links with 122 bytes read
1)
max. 24 slaves each 122 bytes write
Allen Bradley PLC-5 P+F 125 244 bytes read
SST-PFB-PLC5 244 bytes write
Siemens DP/PA link max. 125 links with
1)
max. 48 slaves each
Allen Bradley SLC 500 P+F 96 244 bytes read
SST-PFB-SLC 244 bytes write
Mitsubishi Melsec AnS P+F 60 244 bytes read
A1S-J71PB92D 244 bytes write
Schneider TSX Quantum P+F 125 244 bytes read
+ 140 CRP 81100 244 bytes write
Schneider Premium + P+F 125 max. 244 bytes
TSX PBY 100
HIMA H41 (MODBUS) + P+F 125 max. 244 bytes
PKV 20-DPM
Klckner-Mller PS 416 P+F 30, 126 with repeaters 244 bytes read
+PS416-NET-440 244 bytes write
ABB Freelance 2000 + P+F 125 244 bytes read
Fieldcontroller 244 bytes write
Bosch CL 350 P + P+F 125 244 bytes read
BM DP12 244 bytes write
Siemens DP/PA link max. 125 links with
Table 6.4 1)
max. 48 slaves each
Summary of tested systems
1)
dependent on the telegram length of the slaves

54 Endress+Hauser
PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines Chapter 6 System Integration

6.5 Bus parameters

Endress+Hauser's PROFIBUS-DP devices support baudrates up to 12 Mbit/s. The Baudrate,
baudrate is automatically adjusted to that used by the master. PROFIBUS-DP devices

If Commuwin II is used as a Class 2 master to transmit acyclic values, then the bus Operating program
parameters of the DPV1 DDE server must be matched to those of the segment coupler Commuwin II.
(or those of the network for PROFIBUS-DP applications).

Depending upon the segment coupler, the corresponding PROFIBUS-DP baudrate must
be set in the network design software.
Pepperl + Fuchs 93.75 kbit/s
Siemens 45.45 kbit/s
PA Link (Siemens) 9.6 kbit/s – 12 Mbit/s

The baudrate of Commuwin II must be set in the DPV1 DDE server.

1. Start the server DPV1 from the File Manager or Explorer by a double click on the
DPV1 icon in the Commuwin II program group.
2. Open the item Parameter Settings in the Configure menu. The baudrate can now
be adjusted.

Communication Parameter Settings x

OK
Local Station Addr.: 1
Cancel

Baudrate [kBd]: 45,45

Help

Bit Times
Slot Time [TSL]: 640 [6882 µs]
Min St Delay [minTSDR]: 11 [119 µs]
Max St Delay [max TSDR]: 400 [4302 µs]
Setup Time [TSET]: 95 [1022 µs]
Target Rotation Time [TTR]: 10000 [107527 µs] Default

Higest Station Addr. [HSA]: 126

Gap Update Factor: 1
Max. Retry Limit:: 3

3. After the baudrate has been entered, update the bus parameters by clicking on
Default.

4. If necessary optimise the parameters as per Table 6.3 or the manufacturer's

specifications.

Segment coupler Siemens P+F "old" P+F "new"1)

Slot time 640 10000 4095

Max. station delay time 400 1000 100
Min. station delay time 11 255 22
Setup time 95 255 150
GAP update factor 1 1 1
Max. retry limit 3 5 5
2) Table 6.5
Target rotation time (TTR) TTR calculated by master + 20 000 bit times Bus parameters for Commuwin II
1)
The segment coupler has the label 12-3-98
2)
Value must be set in all masters.

Endress+Hauser 55
Chapter 7 Device Configuration PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines

7 Device Configuration

There are two reasons for configuring a PROFIBUS-PA device:

• the adjustment of the operating parameters of the device to calibrate it for the
application at hand. In this case the corresponding operating instructions should
be used.
• the adjustment of the profile parameters of the device in order to e.g. scale or
simulate the cyclic measured value output to the PLC.
The operating parameters can be set using the local operating elements of the device,
if it is so equipped. This is not described in this manual. These parameters can also be
adjusted by the acyclic services of the PROFIBUS-DP system, e.g. with the Commuwin II
operating and display program. Profile parameters are accessible only through the cyclic
services of the PROFIBUS-DP system.

This chapter describes the operating concept of the PROFIBUS-PA devices. It is

subdivided as follows:
• PROFIBUS-PA block model
• Device management
• Physical block
• Transducer block
• Function block
• Operating program Commuwin II.

Note!
The figures and tables in this chapter mostly refer to PROFIBUS-PA Profile 3.0 which will
Note!
be released shortly.

56 Endress+Hauser
PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines Chapter 7 Device Configuration

7.1 PROFIBUS-PA block model

The PROFIBUS-PA profile describes several parameters that can be used to realise a
device. Mandatory parameters must always be present, Optional parameters are only
present when required, e.g. for a particular transmitter type. Manufacturer-specific
parameters are used to realise device functions that are not in the standard profile. A
manufacturer's operating tool or a device description is required for their operation.

In the case of PROFIBUS-PA devices that conform with the standard, these parameters
are managed in block objects. Within the blocks, the individual parameters are managed
using relative indices.

Device management

Physical block

Transducer Function output value of

sensor signal block block transmitter/
input value of PLC

BA198Y35
Fig. 7.1
measured value PROFIBUS-PA block model of a
sensor

Fig. 7.1 shows the block model of a simple sensor. It comprises four blocks: device
management, physical block, transducer block and function block that are described in
detail in the following sections. The sensor signal is converted to a measured value by
the transducer block and transmitted to the function block. Here the measured value can
be scaled or limits can be set before it is made available as the output value to the cyclic
services of the PLC.

Device management

Physical block

input value of Function Transducer

actuator block block signal to valve
(set point)/
output value of PLC
BA198Y53

Fig. 7.2
output value
PROFIBUS-PA block model of an
actuator

For an actuator, the processing is in the reverse order, see Fig. 7.2. The PLC outputs a
setpoint value that serves as the input value to the actuator. After any scaling, the setpoint
value is transmitted to the transducer block as the output value of the function block. It
processes the value and outputs a signal that drives the valve to the desired position.

Endress+Hauser 57
Chapter 7 Device Configuration PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines

Block structure The parameters assigned to the individual blocks use the data structures and data
formats that are specified in the PROFIBUS standard. The structures are designed such
that the data are stored and transmitted in an ordered and interpretable manner.

All parameters in the PROFIBUS-PA profile, whether mandatory or optional, are assigned
an address (slot/index). The address structure must be maintained, even if optional
parameters are not implemented in a device, This ensures that the relative indices in the
profile are also to be found in the devices.

Standard parameters With the exception of the device management, the standard parameters are to be found
at the beginning of every block. They are used to identify and manage the block. The
user can access these parameters using the acyclic services, e.g. by means of the
Commuwin II operating program. Table 7.1 lists and briefly explains the standard
parameters.

Rel. Parameter Description R/W M/O

Index

1 BLOCKOBJECT Contains the type of block, e.g. function block, as well R M

as further classification information in the form of three
storey a tree structure.
2 ST_REV Event counter: Counts every access to a static block R M
parameter. Static parameters are those device
parameters that are not influenced by the process.
3 TAG_DESC Text for unambiguous identification of the block: In the R, W M
physical block, TAG_DESC is used as the measuring
point tag.
4 STRATEGY A code number that allows blocks to be grouped R, W M
together.
5 ALERT_KEY Identifies the part of the plant where the transmitter is R, W M
located. Helps in the localisation of events.
6 MODE_BLK Describes the operating mode of the block. R, W M
Three parameters are possible:
actual mode
permitted mode and
normal mode
MODE_BLK allows a functional check of the block. If
the block is faulty, a default value can be output.
7 ALARM_SUM Contains the current status of the block alarms. At the R, W M
moment only the following are signalled: the change of
a static parameter (10 s) and the violation of the
advisory and critical limits in the analog input block.
8 BATCH Provided for batch processes as per IEC 61512 Part 1. R, W M
Table 7.1
Standard block parameters Is only to be found in function blocks.

R = Read, W = Write, M/O = Mandatory/Optional parameter

58 Endress+Hauser
PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines Chapter 7 Device Configuration

7.2 Device management

The device management comprises the directory for the block and object structure of
the device. It gives information about:
• which blocks are present in the device
• where the start addresses are located (slot/index)
• how many objects each block holds.
By using this information, the application program of the master can find and transmit
the mandatory and optional parameters of a profile block, see Fig. 7.3.

Device Management (Slot 1) Slot x Slot y

DIRECTORY_OBJECT_HEADER Index j FUNCTION BLOCK 1 Index m FUNCTION BLOCK 2

DIR_ID
REV_NUMBER
NUM_DIR_OBJ
NUM_DIR_ENT
FIRST_COMP_LIST_DIR_ENTRY
NUM_COMP_LIST_DIR_ENTRY

COMPOSITE_LIST_DIRECTORY_ENTRIES Index k PHYSICAL BLOCK 1 Index n TRANSDUCER BLOCK 2

INDEX_PB
NUM_PB
INDEX TB
NUM_TB
INDEX_FB
NUM_FB

COMPOSITE_DIRECTORY_ENTRIES
BLOCK_PTR_1 Index l TRANSDUCER BLOCK 1
BLOCK_PTR_2
BLOCK_PTR_3
BLOCK_PTR_4
....

BLOCK_PTR_#

COMPOSITE_DIRECTORY_ENTRIES_CONTINUOUS

Fig. 7.3
BA198Y36

Structure and function of the

device management
Device management block

The device management is always located in slot 1 starting at index 0. It contains the
following parameters:

Abs. Parameter Description R/W M/O

Index

8 SOFTWARE_REVISION Software version implemented in device R M

0 DIRECTORY_OBJECT_HEADER Header comprising R M
(see Fig. 7.3 for parameter names)
Directory code (=0)
Directory version number
Number of directory objects
Number of directory entries
Index of the first directory entry
Number of block types
1 COMPOSITE_LIST_DIRECTORY Pointer: W M
_ENTRIES/ Abs. index + offset, 1st physical block
Number of physical blocks
Abs. index + offset, 1st transducer blk.
Number of transducer blocks
Abs. index + offset, 1st function block
Number of function blocks
COMPOSITE_DIRECTORY_ENTRIES Pointer 1 to 1st block
Pointer 2 to 2nd block
.....
Pointer # to #th block
2 COMPOSITE_DIRECTORY_ENTRIES_ Continuation of COMPOSITE_ W M
CONTINUOUS DIRECTORY_ENTRIES or start of the
pointer entries Table 7.2
Device management parameters
R = Read, W = Write, M/O = Mandatory/Optional parameter

Endress+Hauser 59
Chapter 7 Device Configuration PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines

7.3 Physical block

The physical block contains the properties of the field device. These are device
parameters and functions that are not dependent upon the measurement method. This
ensures that the function and transducer blocks are independent of the hardware.

The physical block contains the following parameters:

Rel. Parameter Description R/W M/O

Index

8 SOFTWARE_REVISION Software version implemented in the device R M

9 HARDWARE_REVISION Hardware version implemented in the device R M
10 DEVICE_MAN_ID Manufacurer's identity code W M
11 DEVICE_ID Manuafacturer's name for the device R M
12 DEVICE_SER_NUM Serial number of the device R M
13 DIAGNOSIS Bit-coded uniform diagnostic messages R M
14 DIAGNOSIS_EXTENSION Manufacturer's diagnostic messages R O
15 DIAGNOSE_MASK Bit mask that indicates the DIAGNOSIS bits R M
supported.
16 DIAGNOSIS_EXTENSION_MASK Bit mask that indicates the R O
DIAGNOSIS_EXTENSION bits supported
17 DEVICE_CERTIFICATION Text describing the device certification R, W O
18 WRITE_LOCKING On/off switch for write protection R, W O
19 FACTORY_RESET Command that resets the device e.g. to its W O
factory settings
20 DESCRIPTOR User text that describes the function of a device R, W M
within an application
21 DEVICE_MESSAGE User text that describes the function of the R, W M
device within its application or device unit
22 DEVICE_INSTAL_DATE Installation date of the device R, W M
23 LOCAL_OP_ENA Enable/Disable of local operation R, W M
24 IDENT_NUMBER Specifies the configuration behaviour of the R, W M
device on acknowledgement of the device
identity code.dar
25 HW_WRITE_PROTECTION Shows the setting of a hardware jumper that R, W M
Table 7.3 activates a general write protection.
Physical block parameters
R = Read, W = Write, M/O = Mandatory/Optional parameter

60 Endress+Hauser
PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines Chapter 7 Device Configuration

The diagnostic messages are divided into standard (DIAGNOSE) and Diagnostic messages
manufacturer-specific blocks (DIAGNOSE_EXTENSION). A diagnostic message is
supported when a "1" is to be found in the corresponding bit mask (_MASKE). The
following statuses are to be found in the standard diagnostics.

Octet Bit Parameter Description

1 0 DIA_HW_ELECTR Fault in device electronics hardware

1 DIA_HW_MECH Mechanical device fault
2 DIA_TEMP_MOTOR Motor temperature too high
3 DIA_TEMP_ELECTR Electronics temperature too high
4 DIA_MEM_CHKSUM Memory error
5 DIA_MEASUREMENT Measured value error
6 DIA_NOR_INIT Device not initialised
7 DIA_INIT_ERR Intialisation error
2 0 DIA_ZERO_ERR Zero point error
1 DIA_SUPPLY Load supply error
2 DIA_CONF_INVAL Invalid configuration
3 DIA_WARMSTART Warm start in progress
4 DIA_COLDSTART Cold start in progress
5 DIA_MAINTENANCE Maintenance necessary
6 DIA_CHARACT Invalid characteristic
7 IDENT_NUMBER_VIOLATION Violation of identity number
3 0-7 reserved
4 0-6 reserved
7 EXTENSION_AVAILABLE Manufacturer's diagnostic messages available Table 7.4
Standard diagnostic messages

In the case of Endress+Hauser devices, a device error message is available when Bit 7
of Octet 4 is set (=1). They are stored as 6 bytes in slot 1. For further information, see the
corresponding field device.

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Chapter 7 Device Configuration PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines

7.4 Transducer blocks

Transducer blocks stand as separating elements between the sensor (or actuator) and
the function block. They process the signal from the sensor (or actuator) and output a
value that is transmitted via a device-independent interface to the function block.

The transducer blocks reflect the measurement (or actuator) principles. Moreover, blocks
also exist for devices with a binary input or output signal- Fig. 7.4. shows the transducer
blocks that are currently available. A description of the parameters can be taken from
BA 124F (Commuwin II) or the appropriate device operating instructions.

Measurement
equipment

P (Pressure,
A (Analysis) F (Flow) L (Level) T (Temperature)
∆p)

Differential Resistance
Hydrostatic
pressure thermometer

Electromagnetic Displacement Thermocouple

Ultrasonic Ultrasonics Pyrometer

Vortex Microwave

Positive
Capacitance
displacement

Coriolis Vibration

Fig. 7.4
Thermal
Summary of measuring methods
implemented in transducer
blocks (1999)

Fig. 7.5 shows an example for a hydrostatic level transmitter. The functions indicated can
be operated via the acyclic services. When Commuwin II is used Endress+Hauser
devices can also be operated with the E+H matrix or graphic operation interface.

Parameters can be read and written using the acyclic services

MAX_NUM_SUPPORTED
(MAX_PRESSURE)

DENSITY_FACTOR
(MIN_PRESSURE)

MAX_NUM_NEED

CYL_DIAMETER
LINEARISATION

LINEARISATION
ZERO_OFFSET

INPUT_VALUE

CYL_VOLUME
EMPTY_CAL

OUT_VALUE
PRESSURE

FULL_CAL

LIN_TYPE

VOLUME
STATUS
LEVEL

INDEX
(UNIT)

l
Sensor Measured
p
signal v value
v

Fig. 7.5
Example for the transducer block
of a hydrostatic level transmitter

62 Endress+Hauser
PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines Chapter 7 Device Configuration

7.5 Function blocks

The function blocks contain the basic automation functions. Since the application
program demands that a cyclic value always behaves in the same manner, the blocks
are designed to be as independent as possible from the actuator/sensor and the fieldbus.
For transmitters there are currently three function blocks, which are described in more
detail in the following pages.

The analog input block is fed by the transducer block of a particular transmitter. The first Analog input block
function in the processing chain allows the measured value to be replaced by a simulated
value when required. Then the input value is normalised to a value between 0 and 1.
Normally, the lower and upper range values of the transducer block are used for scaling.
No limits are set on the scaling values, and values beyond the end-values are correctly
scaled.

The resulting value can now be linearised if required. Depending upon the setting, for
example, a root function, a linearisation table or a preset linearisation might be activated.
For Endress+Hauser devices with Profile 2.0, these functions are currently mapped on
the transducer block. For devices with Profile 3.0 (available early in 2000) the linearisation
will be mapped on the analog input block as described here.

The normalised value is now scaled. If the "OUT" value offered to the PLC is to be identical
with the input value of the transducer block, then the lower and upper range values from
the transducer block must again be used for scaling. Alternatively, other values can be
used, e.g. 1 – 32768 (20 – 215) in 15-bit resolution.

An integration time and limits can now be assigned to the output value. Violations of the
limits are signalled in the status byte. Finally the status of the output value is checked.
The safety functions are activated when the status "BAD" or the mode "out of service" is
detected. On fault condition a default value can be used as output value. The cyclic
measured value made available to the DP master comprises the output value OUT and
the status.

Parameters can be read and written using the acyclic services

PERMITTED_MODE
OUT_SCALE_UNIT

OUT_SCALE_MAX
OUT_SCALE_MIN
PV_SCALE_UNIT

PV_SCALE_MAX

NORMAL_MODE
PV_SCALE_MIN

FSAFE_VALUE
FSAFE_TYPE
ALARM_HYS
SIMULATION

OUT_SCALE

LO_LO_LIM

MODE_BLK
PV_SCALE

HI_HI_LIM
CHANNEL

LIN_TYPE

PV_TIME
ON_OFF
STATUS

LO_LIM
HI_LIM
VALUE

MAN

MODE/
STATUS
MAN

τ
1 1
FAIL O/S OUT
SAFE
0
1 0 1
AUTO
PV OUT
Simulation Input scaling Linearisation Output Damping Limit Safety logic
ACTUAL_MODE

scaling
LO_LO_ALM
HI_HI_ALM

LO_ALM
HI_ALM

BA198Y39

Alarms are indicated in the status byte

Fig. 7.6
Schematic diagram of the analog input block

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Chapter 7 Device Configuration PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines

Totalisor block The totalisor block is used when a process variable must be summed over a period of
time. This is the case for flowmeters, whereby for Endress+Hauser devices totalisors can
be activated for both volume and mass measurements. The block is fed by the transducer
block of a particular transmitter, which provides a measured value and status.

The first function in the processing chain is a safety logic that checks the status of the
input value. If the status is "BAD", the safety function is activated. Three options are now
available: the bad value can be used for totalising, the last valid value can be used or
the totaliser can be switched off. The safety function remains active until the status
changes to "OK".

The next function is the selection of counting mode. Four options are available: all values,
positive values only, negative values only, no values at all. The value is now totalised by
the counter. The counter can be set to work with equidistant timing or over time
differences. It can also be reset to a preset value or zero.

Limits may also be assigned to the totalisor. Violations of the limits are signalled in the
status byte. Finally the status of the output value is checked. If the mode "out of service"
is detected, the safe functions are activated. On fault condition a default value can be
used as output value. The cyclic measured value made available to the DP master
comprises the output value TOTAL and the status.

Parameters can be read and written using the acyclic services

PERMITTED_MODE
NORMAL_MODE
PRESET_TOT

ALARM_HYS

MAN_VALUE
MODE_TOT

LO_LO_LIM

MODE_BLK
UNIT_TOT

HI_HI_LIM
CHANNEL

FAIL_TOT

SET_TOT

LO_LIM
HI_LIM

FAIL
SAFE Σ MAN
MODE/
STATUS
MEMORY BALANCED
POS_ONLY O/S TOTAL
RUN NEG_ONLY
HOLD
HOLD
AUTO
Safety logic Counting mode Counter Limit Safety logic
ACTUAL_MODE
LO_LO_ALM
HI_HI_ALM

LO_ALM
HI_ALM

BA198Y40

Alarms are indicated in the status byte

Fig. 7.7
Schematic diagram of the totaliser block

64 Endress+Hauser
PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines Chapter 7 Device Configuration

The discrete input block is used for limit switched, e.g. the Liquiphant (in connection with Discrete input block
the FXA 164 NAMUR/PROFIBUS-PA interface). The analog input block is fed by a
transducer block of a particular transmitter.

The first function in the processing chain allows the measured value to be replaced by
a simulated value when required. Afterwards the resulting signal can be inverted.

Finally the status of the output value is checked. The safety functions are activated when
the status "BAD" or the mode "out of service" is detected. On fault condition a default
value can be used as output value. The cyclic measured value made available to the
PROFIBUS-DP master comprises the output value OUT_D and the status.

Parameters can be read and written using the acyclic services

PERMITTED_MODE
NORMAL_MODE
FSAFE_VAL_D
FSAFE_TYPE
SIMULATION

MODE_BLK
CHANNEL

ON_OFF
STATUS

INVERT
VALUE

MAN
MODE/
STATUS
MAN

INVERT
FAIL O/S OUT_D
SAFE

AUTO
ACTUAL_MODE
BA198Y36

Fig. 7.8
Schematic diagram of the
discrete input block

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Chapter 7 Device Configuration PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines

7.6 Operating program Commuwin II.

PROFIBUS-PA devices can be operated by the operating program Commuwin II (from
software version 2.0 upwards) A full description of Commuwin II is to be found in operating
instructions BA 124F. All the standard functions of Commuwin II are supported excepting
envelope curves for ultrasonic and microwave devices. The device settings can be made
using the operating matrix or graphic operating interface.

Requirements Commuwin II runs on an IBM-compatible PC or Laptop. The computer must be equipped

with a PROFIBUS interface, i.e. PROFIBOARD for PCs and PROFICARD for laptops.
During the system integration, the computer is registered as a Class 2 master.

Operation The PA-DPV1 server must be installed. The connection to Commuwin II is opened from
the PA-DPV1 server.
• Generate a live list with "Tags"

....
007 - FEB 24
PHY_20: LIC 123
LEVEL: LIC 123
AI: LIC 123
Selection of the
device operation 008 - CERABAR S
PHY_30: PIC 205
Selection of profile
Pressure PIC 205
operation AI: PIC 205
....

• E+H operation is selected by clicking on the device name, e.g. CERABAR S.

• Profile operation is selected by clicking on the appropriate tag,
e.g. AI: PIC 205 = Analog input block Cerabar S.
• The settings are entered in the device menu.

Device menu The device menu allows matrix or graphical operation to be selected.
• In the case of matrix operation, the device or profile parameters are displayed in
a matrix. A parameter can be changed when the corresponding matrix field is
selected.
• In the case of graphical operation, the operating sequence is shown in a series of
pictures with parameters. For profile operation, the pictures Diagnosis, Scaling,
Simulation and Block are of interest.

The device parameters are set in accordance with the corresponding operating
instructions. Tables of profile functions are also to be found here. The parameter blocks
are adapted to the transmitters: not all the functions shown in Fig 7.5 to Fig. 7.8 need be
implemented.

Devices from other vendors can also be operated via the profile parameters. In this case,
standardised transducer, function or physical blocks appear.

Off-line operation Commuwin also allows the devices to be configured off-line. After all parameters have
(E+H, Samson) been entered, the file generated can be loaded into the connected device.

Up-/download This function allows the parameters of an already configured device to be loaded and
(E+H, Samson) stored in Commuwin II. If several devices (with the same software version) have to be
configured in the same way, the parameters can now be downloaded into the devices.

66 Endress+Hauser
PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines Chapter 7 Device Configuration

Fig. 7.9 shows the graphic operation picture for the basic calibration of the Deltapilot S.
BA198D43

Fig. 7.9
Basic calibration of the Deltapilot
using Commuwin II

Fig. 7.10 shows the graphical operation for the scaling of the Deltapilot S. By selecting
the device profile "AI transmitter block" (acknowledge with ↵) the parameters PV_SCALE
and OUT_SCALE can be set. Please note that for DPV1 Version 2.0, the unit is not
transmitted with the measured value. The setting of the PV unit also has no effect on the
output value OUT.

The operating picture "Diagnosis" shows the current status of the device. "Simulation"
allows a measured value to be simulated, "Block" displays the current setting of the mode
block.
BA198D43

Fig. 7.10
Scaling of the PA output of all
devices using Commuwin II

Endress+Hauser 67
Chapter 8 Trouble-Shooting PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines

8 Trouble-Shooting

This chapter contains a summary of the most frequent faults and questions concerning
PROFIBUS that have been dealt with by our service department. It is subdivided as
follows:
• Commissioning
• PLC network design
• Data transmission
• Commuwin II

8.1 Commissioning

Question/Fault Cause/Remedy

How can I assign an address to a With the exception of the temperature sensor TMD 834, all
device? Endress+Hauser devices have an address switch that allows
hardware or software addressing.

For software addressing (or for the TMD 834) a PROFIBUS-DP

operating tool is required, e.g. the DPV1 server in Commuwin II. Its
use is described in Chapter 5.7
Where is the device termination There is no termination switch on the device itself.
switch?
The bus is terminated by using a separate terminator or a T-box with a
switchable terminating element.

In the case of explosion hazardous applications, a separate,

certified terminator must be used!
When a device is added to the The segment coupler supplies a defined maximum output current to
bus, the segment fails. the segment. Every device requires a particular basic current (see
Chapter 4.2). If the sum of the basic currents exceeds the output
current of the coupler, the bus become unstable.

Diagnosis: Measure the current consumption of the devices with an

ammeter.

Remedy: Reduce the electrical load on the segment concerned, i.e.

one or more devices must be disconnected.
PROFIBUS-PA slave with address If a Siemens DP/PA-link Type IM 157 is used, the internal address
2 cannot be found. must be taken into consideration. On the PROFIBUS-PA side, the link
has the fixed internal address 2. For this reason, the address 2 may
not be assigned to any of the PROFIBUS-PA slaves connected to the
link.

68 Endress+Hauser
PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines Chapter 8 Trouble-Shooting

8.2 PLC planning

Question/Fault Cause/Remedy

The measured value in the The Siemens S5 PLC cannot interpret the IEEE floating point format.
Siemens S5 is incorrect
A conversion module is required that transforms the IEEE floating
point value into Siemens KG format. This can be obtained from
Siemens.

The module is for Types 135 U and 155 U but not for 115 U and 95 U.
The measured value in Siemens The function module SFC 14 must be used.
S7 PLCs is always zero
The SFC 14 ensures that e.g. 5 bytes can be consistently loaded into
the SPS. If the SFC 14 is not used, only 4 bytes can be consistently
loaded into the Siemens S7.
The measured value at the device The parameters PV_SCALE and OUT_SCALE are not set correctly.
display is not the same as that in
the PLC. Instructions on how to adjust the parameters PV_SCALE and
OUT_SCALE in the function block can be taken from Chapter 7.6 or
the device operating instructions.
No connection between the PLC 1. The bus parameters and baudrate were not set when the PLC
and the PROFIBUS-PA network. was configured.
The baudrate to be set depends upon the segment coupler used.
Pepperl + Fuchs 93.75 kBit/s
Siemens 45.45 kBit/s
PA Link (Siemens) freely selectable

2. The bus parameters require adjustment?

3. The polarity of the PROFIBUS-DP line is reversed (A and B)?

4. PROFIBUS-DP bus not terminated?

Both the beginning and the end of the bus must be terminated.

Endress+Hauser 69
Chapter 8 Trouble-Shooting PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines

8.3 Data transmission

Question/Fault Remedy

How are data transferred to the The measured values are transmitted in 5 byte long data blocks. 4
PLC? bytes are used to transmit the measured value. The fifth byte contains
standardised status information. Error codes for Endress+Hauser
device faults, e.g. E 641, are not transmitted with the status.

For limit switches, the information is transmitted in two bytes: Signal

condition and status information.

See Chapter 2.4 and 3.4.

What does status information See Table 6.1 in Chapter 6.2.
mean?
How is data transmitted from the Information regarding the function of the cyclical services can be
Promag 33/35 to the PLC? found in the operating instructions of the Promag 33/35. Depending
upon the device settings, up to two measured values can be
transmitted.

If the totalisor is not required, its position must be reserved

(FREE PLACE).
How can the totalisor of the The output word of the cyclical services is used. The procedure is
Promag 33/35 be reset? described in Chapter 2.4, Table 2.3 using the Promass 63 as an
example.
How can the PLC switch on the The output word of the cyclical services is used. The procedure is
positive zero return of the Promag described in Chapter 2.4, Table 2.3 using the Promass 63 as an
33? example.
How is data transmitted from the Information regarding the function of the cyclical services can be
Promass 63 to the PLC? found in the operating instructions of the Promass 63. The first 4
blocks (measured values) in the device are always activated. If any of
these measured values are not required, the PROFIBUS master (SPS)
must transmit the code FREE_PLACE for the appropriate block(s). The
FREE_PLACEs are set during the configuration of the PLC. If other
measured values are required, e.g. standard volume flow, these must
be activated in the device. See also chapter 2.4.
How can the totalisor of the See Table 2.3 in Chapter 2.4 or the device operating manual.
Promass 63 be reset?
How can the PLC switch on the See Table 2.3 in Chapter 2.4 or the device operating manual.
positive zero return of the
Promass 63?
How can the PLC adjust the zero See Table 2.3 in Chapter 2.4 or the device operating manual.
point of the Promass 63?

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PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines Chapter 8 Trouble-Shooting

8.4 Commuwin II

Question/Fault Cause/Remedy

Commuwin II cannot open the Commuwin II is a Class 2 master that allows the transmission of
connection to the PROFIBUS-PA acyclic values. The PROFIBUS-DP baudrate to be set depends upon
devices. the segment coupler used.

See also Chapter 6.4.

The connection to the devices 1. If the PLC and Commuwin II are used in parallel, the bus
cannot be opened. parameters must be mutually compatible. The bus parameters
must be identical for all connected masters.

If Commuwin II is used, the Token Rotation Time (TTR) calculated

by the PLC configuration tool must be increased by 20 000 bit times
and the corresponding value entered in the Commuwin II
DDE server, see Chapter 6.4.

In the case of a Siemens S5 system with ComProfibus, the

Delta TTR must be increased by 20 000 bit times.

2. The HSA parameter (Highest Station Address) must permit the

Commuwin II address. The HSA specifies the highest address
permitted for active participants (masters) on the bus. Slaves
can have a higher address.

3. Is the Commuwin II address free or is it being used by another

device?

4. Is the correct baudrate set?

5. Have the drivers and cards been correctly installed? Is the green
LED on the TAP of the Proficard or Profiboard lit?

6. Is the GAP update to high (the result is longer waiting times)?

A device does not appear in the 1. Device is not connected to segment.
live list.
2. Address used twice.
Device cannot be fully operated. 1. The device version is not supported by Commuwin II.
A full device description is necessary (see Chapter 6.1).
The default parameters of the PROFIBUS-PA profile are offered.

2. Full operation is possible for Endress+Hauser devices and

Samson positioners only.
A change of unit at the device has If the measured value at the device display is to be the same as that
no effect on the value on the bus. transmitted to the PLC, the parameters PV_SCALE and OUT_SCALE
must be matched.
OUT_SCALE_MIN = PV_SCALE_MIN
OUT_SCALE_MAX = PV_SCALE_MAX
See Chapter 7.6 and the device operating instructions.

Endress+Hauser 71
Chapter 9 Technical Data PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines

9 Technical Data

9.1 PROFIBUS-DP

Identification Designation PROFIBUS-DP

Application Fieldbus for factory automation and process control

Function and system design Bus access method Multimaster with logical token ring
Topology See Chapter 3
No of participants max. 127 per Bus, but max. 32 per segment
Segments can be connected together with
repeaters
Baudrate up to 12 MBit, dependent upon transmission
medium and cable length
Signal coding RS-485
Response time Dependent upon the data transmission rate

Electrical connection Bus cable copper: screened, twisted pairs, screening

grounded at both ends. Cable specifications,,
see Chapter 3.1
Fibre optics: see PROFIBUS-DP specifications
Cable length copper: up to 1200 m, depending upon baudrate,
see Chapter 3.1
Spur length Total length of all spurs max. 6.6 m,
for baudrates > 1.5 MBit/s none
Bus connection Connecting elements: 9-pole Sub-D connectors
Bus termination At both ends of every segment
Repeater Max. 3 between 2 participants

Human interface Local operation If appropriate, via keys or touch keys

PC operation Via operating program, z. B. Commuwin II, and
PROFIBUS interface card
Bus address Set with DIP switch, local operating elements or
software
Software/hardware addressing selectable

Documentation PROFIBUS-DP EN 50 170, Part 1 - 3, DIN 19 245, Part 1-3

PNO Guidelines for PROFIBUS-DP
Intrinsic safety None
Physical layer RS-485

72 Endress+Hauser
PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines Chapter 9 Technical Data

9.2 PROFIBUS-PA

Identification Designation PROFIBUS-PA

Application Intrinsically safe fieldbs for process engineering

Function and system design Bus access method Master-slave

Topology See Chapter 3
No. of participants max. 32 for non-hazardous applications
max. 24 for EEx ib IIB
max. 10 for EEx ia/ib IIC
The actual number is dependent upon the the
segment coupler and the current consumption of
the participants
Baudrate 31.25 kBits/s
Signal coding Manchester II
Update time Dependent upon the number of devices on the bus:
t = n x 10 ms + PLC program run time
+ DP transmission time

Electrical connection Bus power supply EEx ia/ib IIC: 13.5 V, 128 mA
EEx ib IIB:13.5 V, 280 mA
Standard: 24 V, 380 mA
Bus cable Preferred: screened, twisted pairs, screening
ground at both sides
Cable specifications (and other types),
see Chapter 3.2
Cable length Dependent upon application and bus coupler,
Kapitel 3.2
Spur length Max. 30 m each for hazardous applications,
otherwise as in Chapter 3.2
Bus connection Connecting elements: T-pieces
Bus termination At both ends
Specications: R = 100 Ω ± 2 %, C = 1 µF ± 20 %
Repeater Max. 4 per bus segment

Human interface Local operation If appropriate, via keys or touch-keys

PLC operation Via common parameters and profile commands
PC operation Via operating program, z. B. Commuwin II, and
PROFIBUS interface card
Bus address Set at DIP switch or via software
Software/hardware addressing selectable

Documentation PROFIBUS-PA EN 50 170, Part 4, DIN 19 245, Part 4

PNO Guidelines for PROFIBUS-PA
Intrinsic safety EN 50 020, FISCO model, IEC 79-14
Physical layer EN 61158-2 or IEC 61158-2

Endress+Hauser 73
Chapter 10 PROFIBUS-PA Components PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines

10 PROFIBUS-PA Components

10.1 Endress+Hauser field devices

Cerabar S Product Cerabar S

0 - 10 bar
Process variable Pressure
PROFIBUS ID code 1501
Auxiliary energy 9…32 VDC
Max. basic current 11 mA
Fault current 0 mA
Start-up current < basic current
Local operation yes
Device address DIP switch, software
Cyclic data to PLC (5 bytes) Pressure
Acyclic profile data Analog Input, Physical, Pressure
Additional signals None
Degree of protection EEx ia IIC T6
Certificate PTB 98 ATEX 2178
PNO certificate Z00408
PROFIBUS-DP version available No

Prosonic T
Product Prosonic T

Process variable Level

PROFIBUS ID code 1502
Auxiliary energy 9…32 VDC
Max. basic current 13 mA; for FMU 232 max. 17 mA
Fault current 0 mA
Start-up current < basic current
Local operation yes
Device address DIP switch, software
Cyclic data to PLC (5 bytes) Level
Acyclic profile data Analog Input, Physical, Level
Additional signals None
Degree of protection EEx ia IIC T6 (not FMU 232)
Certificate PTB 98 ATEX 2179
PNO certificate Z00402
PROFIBUS-DP version available No

74 Endress+Hauser
PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines Chapter 10 PROFIBUS-PA Components

Product Deltapilot S Deltapilot S

Process variable Level
PROFIBUS ID code 1503
Auxiliary energy 9…32 VDC, fr FEB 24P 9,6...32 VDC
Max. basic current 11 mA
Fault current 0 mA
Start-up current < basic current
Local operation yes
Device address DIP switch, software
Cyclic data to PLC (5 bytes) Level
Acyclic profile data Analog Input, Physical, Level
Additional signals None
Degree of protection EEx ia IIC T6
Certificate PTB 98 ATEX 2134
PNO certificate Z00409
PROFIBUS-DP version available No

Product Deltabar S Deltabar S

Mat.

Ser.-No.
Order Code XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
Pmax 20 bar

Process variable Differential pressure

4...20 mA
1.4571 / Al3 O2 / FPM

Pmin Span 100 mbar

P -1 ... 2 bar
XX X XXXX
Intensor
U 10,5 ... 45 V DC
IP 65

Patented

PROFIBUS ID code 1504

Auxiliary energy 9…32 VDC
Max. basic current 11 mA
Fault current 0 mA
Start-up current < basic current
Local operation yes
Device address DIP switch, software
Cyclic data to PLC (5 bytes) Differential pressure
Acyclic profile data Analog Input, Physical, Pressure
Additional signals None
Degree of protection EEx ia IIC T6
Certificate PTB 98 ATEX 2180
PNO certificate Z00405
PROFIBUS-DP version available No

Endress+Hauser 75
Chapter 10 PROFIBUS-PA Components PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines

Promag 33/35 Product Promag 33/35

Process variable Flow

PROFIBUS ID code 1505,
Auxiliary energy (local) 16...62VDC; 85...260VAC; 20...55VAC
Min. bus voltage 9V
Max. basic current 12 mA
Fault current 0 mA
Start-up current < basic current
Local operation yes
Device address DIP switch, Local operation, software
Cyclic data to PLC (5...10 bytes) Flow, Totaliser
Cyclic data from PLC (1 byte) Control for resetting totaliser, zero point
adjustment
Acyclic profile data Analog Input, Physical, Flow, Totaliser
Additional signals 1x 4...20 mA Flow
Degree of protection EEx e [ib] IIC T4-T6
EEx de [ib] IIB/IIC T4-T6
Certificate BVS 95.D.2077X
BVS 95.D-2078X
PNO certificate Z00410
PROFIBUS-DP version available yes, ID code 1511
DP-baudrate up to 12 Mbit/s, automatically adjusted

Promass 63 Product Promass 63

Process variable Flow

PROFIBUS ID code 1506
Auxiliary energy (local) 16...62 VDC; 85...260VAC; 20...55 VAC
Min. bus voltage 9V
Max. basic current 12 mA
Fault current 0 mA
Start-up current < basic current
Local operation yes
Device address DIP switch, Local operation, software
Cyclic data to PLC (5...50 byte) Mass flow, Totalisator 1, Temperature,
Density, Totalisator 2, Volumetric flow,
Standard volumetric flow, Target medium
flow, Carrier medium flow, Calculated
density
Cyclic data from PLC (1 byte) Control for resetting of totalisor, zero
point adjustment, Zero point return
Acyclic profile data 8x Analog Input, Physical, Flow, 2x
Totaliser
Additional signals 1x 4...20 mA (Mass, Density,
Temperature)
Degree of protection EEx [ia/ib] IIC/IIB
Certificate SEV No.96.1 10394
PNO certificate Z00407
PROFIBUS-DP version available yes, ID code 1512
Baudrate up to 12 Mbit/s, automatically adjusted

76 Endress+Hauser
PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines Chapter 10 PROFIBUS-PA Components

Product TMD 834 TMD 834

Process variable Temperature
PROFIBUS ID code 1507
Auxiliary energy 9…32 VDC
Max. basic current 13 mA
Fault current 0 mA
Start-up current < basic current
Local operation No
Device address software
Cyclic data to PLC (5 byte) Temperature
Acyclic profile data Analog Input, Physical, Temperaturee
Additional signals None
Degree of protection EEx ia IIC T4 - T6
Certificate CESI Ex-97.D.074
PNO certificate Z004xx
PROFIBUS-DP version available No

Product Mycom II Mycom II

MYCOM-P
°C
%
V0

V
HOLD CAL.1CAL.2

1 2
H0

H
pH

Process variable pH-value, Conductivity

+

E
PROFIBUS ID code 1508: pH-value
1509: Conductivity (ind.)
150B: Conductivity (cond.)
Auxiliary energy (local) 20...30 VDC; 24/100/115/200/230VAC
Min. bus voltage 9V
Max. basic current 11 mA
Fault current 0 mA
Start-up current < basic current
Local operation yes
Device address DIP switch, Local operation, software
Cyclic data to PLC (10 bytes) pH-value, Temperature
Conductivity, Temperature
Acyclic profile data None
Additional signals 2x 4...20 mA, pH-value, Temperature or
2x 4...20 mA, Conductivity, Temperature
Degree of protection EEx e m [ia/ib] IIC T4
Certificate BVS 95.D.2098
PROFIBUS-DP version available No

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Chapter 10 PROFIBUS-PA Components PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines

Micropilot FMR 23x Product Micropilot FMR 230V/FMR 231

Process variable Level

PROFIBUS ID code 150A
Auxiliary energy 9…32 VDC
Max. basic current 11 mA
Fault current 0 mA
Start-up current < basic current
Local operation yes
Device address DIP switch, software
Cyclic data to PLC (5 bytes) Level
Acyclic profile data Analog Input, Physical, Level
Additional signals None
Degree of protection EEx ia IIC T6
Certificate FMR 231 PTB 98 ATEX 2119
PTB 98 ATEX 2110X
FMR 230V PTB 98 ATEX 2119
PNO certificate Z00517
PROFIBUS-DP version available No

Mypro Product Mypro

Process variable pH-value, Conductivity

PROFIBUS ID code 150C: Conductivity
150D: pH-value
Auxiliary energy 9...32 VDC
Min. bus voltage 9V
Max. basic current 11 mA
Fault current 0 mA
Start-up current < basic current
Local operation yes
Device address DIP switch, software
Cyclic data to PLC (10 bytes) pH-value, Temperature or
Conductivity, Temperature
Acyclic profile data None
Additional signals None
Degree of protection EEx ia/ib IIC T4
Certificate BVS 97.D.2063
PROFIBUS-DP version available No

78 Endress+Hauser
PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines Chapter 10 PROFIBUS-PA Components

Product Prowirl 77 Prowirl 77

Process variable Flow
PROFIBUS ID code 1510
Auxiliary energy (extern) 9...32 V
Max. basic current 12 mA
Fault current 0 mA
Start-up current < basic current
Local operation yes
Device address DIP switch, software
Cyclic data to PLC (5...10 bytes Flow, Totaliser
Cyclic data from PLC (1 byte) Control for resetting of totalisor, zero
point adjustment
Acyclic profile data Analog Input, Physical, Flow, Totaliser
Additional signals None
Degree of protection EEx ia/ib IIC T2-T6
Certificate BVS 97.D.2045
PNO certificate Z00411
PROFIBUS-DP version available No

Product Liquisys Liquisys S

Process variable pH-value, Conductivity, Turbidity,
Oxygen, Chlorine
PROFIBUS ID code 1515 Conductivity
1516 pH
1517 Turbidity
1518 Oxygen
1519 Chlorine
Auxiliary energy (local) 20...30 VDC; 24/100/115/200/230VAC
Max. basic current 11 mA
Fault current 0 mA
Start-up current < basic current
Local operation yes
Device address DIP switch, Local operation, software
Cyclic data to PLC (10 bytes) Measured value + Temperature
Acyclic profile data None
Additional signals Relay
Degree of protection None
Certificate None
PNO certificate in preparation
PROFIBUS-DP version available in preparation

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Chapter 10 PROFIBUS-PA Components PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines

RID 261 Product Display RID 261

Process variable Display function

PROFIBUS ID code None
Auxiliary energy 9...32 VDC
Max. basic current 11 mA
Fault current 0 mA
Start-up current < basic current
Local operation Setting of the address of the monitpred
slaves and offet via DIP-switch
Cyclic data to PLC None, Listener function
Input and output data (5 bytes) Process value + limit value display
4 bytes IEEE-754 + 1 byte status to
PROFIBUS-PA V 3.0
Acyclic profile data None
Additional signals None
Degree of protection EEx ia IIC
Certificate in preparation
PROFIBUS-DP version available No

FXN 164 Product PA/NAMUR-interface FXA 164

Process variable 4 x level limit

Input NAMUR, e.g. Liquiphant with FEL 56
PROFIBUS ID code 1514
Auxiliary energy 9...32 VDC
Max. basic current 11 mA
Fault current 0 mA
Start-up current < basic current
Local operation yes
Device address DIP switch, local operation, software
Cyclic data to PLC Grenzstand
(2 byte pro Kanal)
Acyclic profile data 4x Discrete Input, Physical,
4x Level limit
Additional signals None
Degree of protection EEx ia IIC
Certificate in preparation
PROFIBUS-DP version available No

80 Endress+Hauser
PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines Chapter 10 PROFIBUS-PA Components

10.2 Network components

A complete list of the components that are available from Endress+Hauser is to be found
in the price list or the accessory program SD 096F.

Component Description E+H Order No..

Segment coupler Standard 017039-1000
EEx ia/ib IIB 017039-0000
Siemens PLC: use Siemens coupler
Cable Kerpen IEC 1152-2 ————
Siemens 6 XV 1830 - 5 AH 10 ————
Beldon 3976F ————
Cord sets with M12 connector, length 1 m, 2.5 m or 10 m, see accessory program
yellow or blue. SD 096F
Terminator Weidmller (for Ex and Nicht-Ex) 017481-0001
Turck (for Ex and Nicht-Ex, M12 connector) 520001028
T-boxes Weidmller (various) see accessory program
Turck (various) SD 096F
Junction boxes Weidmller (various) see accessory program
Turck (various) SD 096F
Display unit Memograph: RSC10-xxxxxxxxxx
– indicates measured value, status and tag number
of connected device,
– with PROFIBUS-DP protocol
12:00 14:00 16:00 18:00 20:00 22:00
– Listener function

Operating program Commuwin II FXS113-xxx

Computer interfaces Softing PROFICARD (PCMCIA card) 016570-5200
(for Commuwin)
Softing PROFIBOARD (ISA board) 016570-5300
Device database files (GSDs) Required for PLC integration 943157-0000
or download via Internet
http:\\www.endress.com

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10.3 Supplementary documentation

Profibus Standard Mycom II (pH, conductivity measurement)

EN 50 170 Part 1, 2 Technical Information TI 143C/07/en
DIN 19 245, Teil 1 - 4 Technical Information TI 144C/07/en
Beuth Verlag GmbH, Berlin
Mypro (pH, conductivity measurement)
PROFIBUS Product Catalogue Technical Information TI 172C/07/en
PROFIBUS User Organisation Technical Information TI 173C/07/en
Haid- und Neu-Straße 7
Promag 33
D76131 Karlsruhe
Technical Information TI 027D/06/en
Internet:
www.profibus.com Promass 63
Technical Information TI 030D/06/en
Cerabar S
Technical Information TI 216P/00/en Prowirl 77
Technical Information TI 217P/00/en Technical Information TI 031D/06/en
Deltabar S Prosonic T
Technical Information TI 256P/00/en Technical Information TI 246F/00/en
Deltapilot S TMD 834
Technical Information TI 257F/00/en Technical Information TI 201T/02/en
FXN 164 Liquisys
Technical Information TI 343F/00/en Technical Information TI xxxC/07/en
in preparation
Memograph RSG 10
Technical Information TI 054R/09/en RID 261
Technical Information TI xxxR/09/en
Micropilot FMR 231
in preparation
Technical Information TI 281F/00/en
Commuwin II Operating Program
System Information SI 018F/00/en

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PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines Chapter 11 Terms and Definitions

11 Terms and Definitions

This chapter contains a selection of terms and definitions to be met in fieldbus technology.
It is subdivided as follows:
• Bus architecture
• Components
• Data exchange
• Miscellaneous terms

11.1 Bus architecture

• Topology
The structure of the communication system, e.g. linear (bus), tree, ring, star. For
PROFIBUS, linear and tree structures are permissible

• Participant
A device that is connected to and recognised by the communication system. Every
participant has a unique address.

– active communication participant = master

A device that has the right to initiate communcation.

– passive communication participant = slave

A device that may communicate only when it receives the right to do so from a
master.

• Physical layer
The cable and associated hardware that connects the participants together. Among
other things, the physical layer defines how a signal is to be transmitted over the
bus, how it is to be interpreted and how many participants are allowed on a
segment. The following transmission methods are relevant to PROFIBUS
applications:

– RS-485
Standard for transmission on shielded two-core cable that is used for PROFIBUS-DP.

– IEC 61158-2
International fieldbus standard with data transmission and power supply on shielded
two-core cable that is used for PROFIBUS-PA.

– Fibre optics
Alternative to two-core cable for PROFIBUS-DP applications when operating in
environments with heavy electrical interference or when long buses and high
transmission rates are required. Can also be used as a basis for redundant
structures.

• Segment
In the case of a tree structure, a network section that is separated from the trunk line
by a repeater, segment coupler or link.

– Trunk cable
The longest bus cable, which is terminated at both ends with a terminator.

– Spur
Line connecting the field device to trunk cable.
For PROFIBUS-PA, the number and length of the spurs is limited by the physics and
application (standard or explosiion-hazardous area)
(spur cable ≤ 30 m, splice ≤ 1 m).

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Chapter 11 Terms and Definitions PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines

11.2 Components
• Process-near component (PNC)
A PNC is in direct contact with the fieldbus and manages the communication with
the field devices (= bus master). It can be either a PLC or an operating programm
running on a personal computer.

• Signal coupler
The interface between a PROFIBUS-DP system and a PROFIBUS-P A segment. The
signal coupler converts the signal from RS-485 to IEC 61158-2 format and adapts
the transmission rate.

• Bus power unit

Supplies the devices on the PROFIBUS-PA segment with power (except those which
are externally powered). Normally the signal coupler and bus power unit are
contained in a signal unit, e.g. as the segment coupler. The can also be designed as
a PLC interface card.

• Segment coupler
A device that serves as both signal coupler and bus power unit. In these guidelines,
a segment coupler is considered to be "transparent", i.e. its existence is not
recognised by the communication system. The master communicates directly with
the connected devices. The coupler includes a terminator and in the case of
Ex-versions, a barrier.

• Link
PROFIBUS-DP/PROFIBUS-PA interface for the connection of one or more PROFIBUS
segments. A link is not "transparent", i.e. there is no direct communication between
the master and the PROFIBUS-PA slaves. Their data are collected by the links and
made available as a whole to the PROFIBUS-DP master. A link is a slave in a
PROFIBUS-DP system but a master to the connected PROFIBUS-PA segments.

• Repeater
A repeater amplifies the communication signal, thus allowing the bus length to be
extended. Up to 4 repeaters are allowed per bus segment (PROFIBUS-PA). A
repeater is a bus participant.

• Field devices
Actuators and sensors that are connected to a PROFIBUS-PA/PROFIBUS-DP
segment. Field devices are normally slave.

• T-box
Means of connecting individual field devices to the trunk cable. The field devices
can be connected directly to the T-box or via a spur. T-boxes are used for distribution
only had have no intelligence.

• Junction box
Means of connecting several field devices to the trunk cable. Normally, the field
devices are connected to the junction box by a spur. Junction boxes are used for
distribution only had have no intelligence.

• Terminator
Component that terminates the beginning and end of the bus segment, in order to
avoid interfering reflections. For PROFIBUS-PA, one terminator is built inot the
segment coupler. Various T-boxes have a built-in terminator that can be switched on
when the box is at the end of the segment. For explosion-hazardous applications a
separate bus terminator must be used.

84 Endress+Hauser
PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines Chapter 11 Terms and Definitions

11.3 Data exchange

• Bus access method
The mechanism that is used to ensure proper communication between the
participants on the network.

• Logical token ring

A bus access method for communication systems with several masters (multimaster
system). During the network design stage, a central list containing every master with
its assigned access time is compiled . The master with the token has the right to
transmit for this period of time. Afterwards, the token is passed on to the next master
in the list. After the list has be worked through, the procedure is started over again.

– Token rotation time

The time required until all the masters in a token ring have been worked through.
Normally, the token rotation time also corresponds the update time for the plant data
base.

• Master-slave method
A bus access method in which the right to transmit is assigned to one participant
only (the master), whereas all the other participants (slaves) can only transmit when
requested to do so.

• Hybrid method
A mixture between two bus access methods, e.g. for PROFIBUS-DP the masters are
linked together in a logical token right, but communicate directly with their slaves
using the master-slave method.

• Cyclic data transfer (polling)

The regular exchange of data between a master and its slaves. For measuring
instruments, this concerns the measured value and status signals.

• Acyclic data transfer

The irregular exchange of data between a master and a slave. For measuring
instruments, this usually concerns the adjustment of process-relevant device
parameters during commissioning or operation. Alternatively a detailed error
message may be transmitted when a bad status is detected.

• Update time
The time required in cyclic data exchange to collect the complete set of data
available on a bus segment.

• Bus address
A unique device code used to identify a bus participant, which enables the master
to transmit data to a particular slave on the network. The bus address is normally set
via DIP switch or software.

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Chapter 11 Terms and Definitions PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines

11.4 Miscellaneous terms

• FISCO model
Basis for the use of PROFIBUS-PA devices in explosion-hazardous areas.

• Fault disconnection electronics (FDE)

Measures aimed at preventing an impermissible current consumption in the event of
a fault, so that a defective bus participant cannot detrimentally affect the function of
the rest of the system.

• Fault current
The increase in the current consumption with respect to the basic current in the
event of a fault.

• Device database file (GSD)

Device descriptions and bitmaps required be the master, in order that a device is
recognised as a bus participant. The device database files are required during the
commissioning of the communication system.

86 Endress+Hauser
PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines Chapter 12 Appendix

12 Appendix
The following data are required to design a PROFIBUS-PA segment: Requirements
• Max. output current of the segment coupler Is mA
• Output voltage of the segment coupler Us V
• Specific resistance of the cable RK Ω/km
• Total length of the spurs m
• Length of the trunk cable m
• Basic and fault currents of the field devices used
(for Endress+Hauser devices see Section 4.3, page 28).

12.1 Calculation sheets for explosion hazardous areas EEx ia

No. Device Manufacturer Tag Basic current IB Fault current IFDE Current consumption

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Highest fault current(max. IFDE)

Current consumption ISEG = ΣIB + max. IFDE

Output current of segment coupler IS
IS ≥ ΣIB + max. IFDE? yes = OK

Max. loop-resistance, standard 40 Ω

Cable length

Specific resistance of cable RK Ω/km

Max. length (m) = 1000 x (40 Ω/ Specific resistance of cable) m

Length of trunk cable m

Total length of spurs m
Total length of cable LSEG m

Total length of cable < Max. length OK!

Endress+Hauser 87
Kapitel 12 Appendix PROFIBUS-PA-Handbuch

Voltage at last device Output voltage of segment coupler US (Manufacturer's data) V

Specific resistance of cable RK Ω/km
Total length of cable LSEG
Resistance of cable RSEG = LSEG x RK Ω
Current consumption of segment ISEG
Voltage drop UA = ISEG x RSEG V
Voltage at last device UB = US – UA V
≥ 9* V? OK!

*for FEB 24P ≥ 9.6 V

12.2 Calculation sheets for explosion hazardous areas EEx ib

Current consumption No. Device Manufacturer Tag Basic current Fault current

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Highest fault current(max. IFDE)

Current consumption ISEG = ΣIB + max. IFDE

Output current of segment coupler IS
IS ≥ ΣIB + max. IFDE? yes = OK

88 Endress+Hauser
PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines Chapter 12 Appendix

Max. loop-resistance, standard 16 Ω Cable length

Specific resistance of cableRK Ω/km
Max. length (m) = 1000 x (16 Ω/ loop-resistance of cable) m

Length of trunk cable m

Total length of spurs m
Total length of cable LSEG m

Total length of cable < Max. length OK!

Voltage at last device

Output voltage of segment coupler US (Manufacturer's data) V
Specific resistance of cable RK Ω/km
Total length of cable LSEG
Resistance of cable RSEG = LSEG x RK Ω
Current consumption of segment ISEG
Voltage drop UA = ISEG x RSEG V
Voltage at last device UB = US – UA V
≥ 9* V? OK!

*for FEB 24P ≥ 9.6 V

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12.3 Calculation sheets for non-hazardous areas

Current consumption No. Device Manufacturer Tag Basic current Fault current

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
Highest fault current(max. IFDE)

Current consumption ISEG = ΣIB + max. IFDE

Output current of segment coupler IS
IS ≥ ΣIB + max. IFDE? yes = OK

90 Endress+Hauser
PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines Chapter 12 Appendix

Max. loop-resistance, standard 39 Ω Cable length

Specific resistance of cable RK Ω/km
Max. length (m) = 1000 x (39 Ω/ Widerstandbelag of cable) m

Length of trunk cable m

Total length of spurs m
Total length of cable LSEG m

Total length of cable < Max. length OK!

Output voltage of segment coupler US (Manufacturer's data) V Voltage at last device

Specific resistance of cable RK Ω/km
Total length of cable LSEG
Resistance of cable RSEG = LSEG x RK Ω
Current consumption of segment ISEG
Voltage drop UA = ISEG x RSEG V
Voltage at last device UB = US – UA V
≥ 9* V? OK!

*for FEB 24P ≥ 9.6 V

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Index PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines

Index
A H
Acyclic data transfer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 Hardware addressing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Addressing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37, 47 Hazardous applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Addressing and cycle times (examples) . . . . . . . . . . 38 Hazardous areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Analog input block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 Hybrid method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Analogue values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5, 16
Application parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 I
Approved usage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 IEC 61158-2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 - 48
Installation of devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
B Integration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Baudrate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 INTERNET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Block model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Block structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Bus access method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12, 21, 85 J
Bus address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14, 23, 85 Junction box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Bus archtecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Bus length . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Bus parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14, 23 L
Bus power unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 Level limit signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Limit switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Links . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15, 17, 22, 37, 40, 55, 84
C Liquisys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10, 18 Logical token ring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Cable length . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27, 29, 31, 32
Cable type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Cabling in safe areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 M
Calculation examples for bus design . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Mandatory parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Calculation sheets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 - 90 Master . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Cerabar S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 Master class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Certificates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Master-slave method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Commissioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 Max. cable length . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Commuwin II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48, 55, 66, 71 Micropilot FMR 23x . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 Mycom II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Current consumption . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28, 30 - 31, 33 Mypro . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Cycle times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Cyclic data transfer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
N
Network components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
D Network configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13, 23
Data exchange . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 Network design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Data format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 Non-hazardous application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Data quantity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Non-hazardous areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Data transmission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13, 23, 70
Deltabar S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Deltapilot S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 O
Device database file (GSD) . . . . . . . . . . 14, 23, 49, 86 Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Device management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 Optical network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Discrete input block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 Overvoltage protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

E P
EEx ia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31, 87 Participant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
EEx ib . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32, 88 Physical block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Electrical connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 Physical layer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Endress+Hauser field devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 Planning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 - 40
PLC network design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Process-near component . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
F PROFIBUS-DP . . . . . . . . . . . 7, 9 - 15, 17, 37, 55, 72
Fault current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86 PROFIBUS-PA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7, 15, 37, 41, 73
Fault disconnection electronics . . . . . . . . . . . 25, 86 PROFIBUS-PA cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Fibre optics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 PROFIBUS-PA components . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 - 82
Field devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 Promag 33/35 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
FISCO model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24, 86 Promass 63 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Function block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 Prosonic T . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
FXN 164 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 Prowirl 77 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79

92 Endress+Hauser
PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines Index

R U
Repeater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 Update time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
RID 261 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
RS-485 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
V
Voltage at last device . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 - 30, 32 - 33
S
Safety conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Screening in explosion hazardous areas . . . . . . . . . . 44 W
Segment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 Wiring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Segment coupler . . . . . . . . 17, 21, 26, 38 - 39, 45, 55, 84
Signal coupler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Slave . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Software addressing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Spurs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27, 83
Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Supplementary documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

T
T-box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Technical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 - 73
Termination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Terminator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
TMD 834 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Token ring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Token rotation time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Topology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10, 18, 83
Totalisor block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Transducer block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Transmission rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14, 23
Trouble-shooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 - 71
Trunk cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Type of protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Endress+Hauser 93
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