Reviewer in Statistics

Baby Sunshine A. Badiles

11-HUMSS ARISTOTLE

1. What is a sampling distribution?

a) Distribution of the entire population
b) Distribution of sample statistics
c) Distribution of parameters
d) Distribution of variables within a sample

2. What is the purpose of estimation in statistics?

a) To describe the sample data
b) To make predictions about the population
c) To determine causation
d) To test hypotheses

3. Which of the following is NOT a property of a desirable estimator?

a) Unbiasedness
b) Consistency
c) Efficiency
d) Variability

4. What does a confidence interval represent?

a) The range of values where the sample mean is likely to fall
b) The range of values where the population mean is likely to fall
c) The range of values where the sample variance is likely to fall
d) The range of values where the sample proportion is likely to fall

5. In hypothesis testing, what does the level of significance represent?

a) The probability of making a Type I error
b) The probability of making a Type II error
c) The confidence level of the test
d) The critical value of the test statistic
6. What is the rejection region in hypothesis testing?
a) The region where the null hypothesis is accepted
b) The region where the alternative hypothesis is accepted
c) The region where the null hypothesis is rejected
d) The region where the alternative hypothesis is rejected

7. Which of the following is NOT a term associated with hypothesis testing?

a) Test statistic
b) Confidence interval
c) Rejection region
d) Critical region

8. What is the relationship between confidence level and the width of a confidence interval?
a) Higher confidence level results in a narrower interval
b) Higher confidence level results in a wider interval
c) Confidence level has no effect on the width of the interval
d) Confidence level determines the direction of the interval

9. What is the role of sample size in hypothesis testing and estimation?

a) Larger sample size increases variability
b) Smaller sample size increases precision
c) Larger sample size reduces bias
d) Smaller sample size reduces representativeness

10. Which of the following is a correct statement about Type I and Type II errors?
a) Type I error occurs when the null hypothesis is falsely rejected.
b) Type II error occurs when the null hypothesis is correctly rejected.
c) Type I error occurs when the null hypothesis is falsely accepted.
d) Type II error occurs when the alternative hypothesis is falsely accepted.

11. Which method is used to create a sampling distribution?

a) Probability theory
b) Descriptive statistics
c) Random sampling
d) Inferential statistics

12. What is the purpose of a point estimator?

a) To estimate a range of values
b) To estimate a single value parameter
c) To describe the distribution of a sample
d) To determine the variability of a population

13. What is the significance of the level of significance in hypothesis testing?

a) It determines the confidence level of the test
b) It affects the power of the test
c) It sets the probability of making a Type II error
d) It determines the shape of the sampling distribution

14. How is a confidence interval related to interval estimation?

a) It provides a single value estimate of the population parameter
b) It provides a range of values within which the population parameter is likely to lie
c) It determines the level of significance for hypothesis testing
d) It describes the variability of the sample data

15. What is the purpose of random sampling in creating a sampling distribution?

a) To ensure every member of the population has an equal chance of being selected
b) To reduce bias in the selection process
c) To ensure the sample is representative of the population
d) To increase the variability of the sample data
16. What does an unbiased estimator mean?
a) It provides a single value estimate of the population parameter
b) It provides an estimate that is consistently higher than the true parameter
c) It provides an estimate that is not affected by random sampling error
d) It provides an estimate that is on average equal to the true parameter

17. What does the rejection region represent in hypothesis testing?

a) The region where the null hypothesis is rejected
b) The region where the alternative hypothesis is accepted
c) The region where the sample mean is likely to fall
d) The region where the population parameter is estimated

18. What determines the width of a confidence interval?

a) The sample size and the level of significance
b) The variability of the population and the sample size
c) The shape of the sampling distribution and the level of significance
d) The variability of the sample data and the sample size

19. What is the role of the test statistic in hypothesis testing?

a) To determine the confidence level of the test
b) To describe the distribution of the sample data
c) To provide a single value estimate of the population parameter
d) To assess the strength of the evidence against the null hypothesis

20. What is the null hypothesis in hypothesis testing?

a) It states that there is no difference or no effect
b) It states that there is a difference or an effect
c) It is the hypothesis that is always accepted
d) It is the hypothesis that is always rejected

21. How is the rejection region determined in hypothesis testing?

a) By setting the level of significance
b) By computing the test statistic
c) By comparing critical values
d) By estimating the population parameter

22. What is the concept of Type I error in hypothesis testing?

a) Rejecting the null hypothesis when it is true
b) Accepting the null hypothesis when it is true
c) Rejecting the null hypothesis when it is false
d) Accepting the null hypothesis when it is false

23. What does the term "confidence level" represent in hypothesis testing?
a) The probability of making a Type I error
b) The probability of making a Type II error
c) The proportion of confidence intervals that contain the true population parameter
d) The proportion of samples that provide evidence against the null hypothesis

24. What is the relationship between confidence level and confidence interval?
a) Higher confidence level results in a narrower confidence interval
b) Higher confidence level results in a wider confidence interval
c) Confidence level and confidence interval are not related
d) Confidence level determines the direction of the confidence interval

25. What is the purpose of the critical region in hypothesis testing?

a) To determine the level of significance
b) To define the values of the test statistic that lead to rejection of the null hypothesis
c) To provide a range of values within which the population parameter is likely to lie
d) To describe the distribution of the sample data
26. How is the confidence interval computed?
a) By subtracting the sample mean from the population mean
b) By adding and subtracting the margin of error from the sample mean
c) By dividing the sample mean by the sample size
d) By multiplying the sample mean by the level of significance

27. What is the difference between a one-tailed and a two-tailed test?

a) A one-tailed test has a rejection region on one side, while a two-tailed
test has a rejection region on both sides
b) A one-tailed test has a rejection region on both sides, while a two-
tailed test has a rejection region on one side
c) A one-tailed test has a confidence interval on one side, while a two-
tailed test has a confidence interval on both sides
d) A one-tailed test has a confidence interval on both sides, while a two-
tailed test has a confidence interval on one side

28. What does a confidence interval provide?

a) A range of values where the sample mean is likely to fall
b) A range of values where the population mean is likely to fall
c) A range of values where the sample variance is likely to fall
d) A range of values where the sample proportion is likely to fall

29. How does probability theory contribute to deriving a sampling

distribution?
a) By defining the expected values and rules
b) By determining the variance of the sample data
c) By ensuring every member of the population has an equal chance of
being selected
d) By reducing bias in the selection process

30. What is the process of estimating the population mean with a known
population standard deviation called?
a) Point estimation
b) Interval estimation
c) Hypothesis testing
d) Confidence interval estimation
Answers:

16. d
1. b
17. a
2. b
18. a
3. d
19. d
4. b
20. a
5. c
21. c
6. d
22. a
7. b
23. c
8. b
24. b
9. d
25. b
10. a
26. b
11. c
27. a
12. b
28. b
13. a
29. a
14. b
30. d
15. c