Exam.

Code:0915
Sub. Code: 6777
1108
B.E. (Computer Science and Engineering )
Third Semester
CS-302: Database Systems
Max. Marks: 50
Time allowed: 3 Hours
NOTE : Attempt five questions in all, including Question No. I which ls compulsory And
selecting two questions from each Unit.
I. Write the short note on the following:-
a) Explain ACID properties of Transaction.
b) Describe super key with example.
c) What is index? List its types.
d) Explain Shared locks and explicit locks.
e) Give syntax of UPDATE command.Demonstrate with suitable example. (5x2)
UNIT -I
II. a) What is Functional Dependency? Explain types and properties of FD’s.
b)Describe the storage structure of indexed sequential files and their access methods.(2x5)
III. Consider the following schemas:
Sailors (sid, sname, rating, age)
Reserves (sid, bid, day)
Boats (bid, bname, color)
Write the following queries in relational algebra, tuple relational Calculus and domain Relational
calculus:
a) Find the name of sailors who have reserved boat 103.
b) Find the names and ages of sailors with a rating above 7.
c) Find the .names of sailors who have reserved a red boat.
d) Find the sname, bid. And day for each reservation.
e) Find the name of sailors who have reserved at least one boat. (10)
III. a) What is a trigger? How to create it? Discuss various types of triggers
b) What is the difference between BCNF and 3 NF? Take any suitable example. (2×5)
UNIT – II
V. a) Explain, the difference between a weak and a strong entity set.
b) Explain two phase locking protocol.
c) Explain Aggregate Functions of SQL with suitable example. (2,5,3)
VI. a) Explain Cursor in PL/SQL. Write a PLUSQL program for inserting even numbers in
EVEN table and odd number in ODD table from number 1 to 50.
b)Illustrate different types of joins in SQL with example. (2×5)
VII. Define the following terms with illustrative examples: (2×5)
a) Cardinality
b) Unary relationships
c) Aggregation
d) Specialization
e) Total participation
X-X-X

Exam.Code:0915
Sub. Code: 6777
 2021
B.E. (Computer Science and Engineering)
Third Semester
CS-302: Database Systems
Max. Marks: 50
Time allowed: 3 Hours
NOTE : Attempt five questions in all, including Question No. I which is compulsory And
selecting two questions from each Unit.
I. Answer the following:
a) Differentiate between logical and physical data independence.
b) What do you understand by a weak entity in ER modelling? Give an example.
c) What is the purpose of a foreign key? Discuss in brief.
d) List two advantages of using timestamp based concurrency control protocols.
e) What is the purpose of a firewall? Discuss in brief. (5×2)
UNIT -I
II.a) are the advantages of a DBMS over traditional file processing system? Discuss.
b) Draw and explain ER diagrams for a Library Management System. Appropriately .Assume
any required information yourself. (2×5)
III. Differentiate between:-
a) Fixed length records and variable length records
b) Derived attributes and composite attributes
c) Relational Algebra and Relational Calculus
d) Tables and Views
e) Sparse index and dense index (5×2)
IV.(a) Explain the syntax and usage of following SQL statements with the help of suitable
Examples: INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE
b) Explain the syntax and usage of following relational algebraic operations with the Help
of suitable examples: SELECT, PROJECT, RENAME
 UNIT -II
V. a) Give an example of a table that is in 2NF but not in 3NF. Then decompose that Table into
3NE. Appropriately assume any required information yourself.
b) What do you understand by Dirty Read problem? Discuss with the help of an example.
(2x5)
VI. a) Discuss the deferred update technique of recovery. What are the advantages and
Disadvantages of this technique?
b) Explain Two-phase locking protocol and discuss its advantages.
(2x5)
VII. Explain the following:- (2×5)
a) Bell-LaPadula Model)
b) Shadow Paging Technique
X-X-X

1079
B. Engg. (Computer Science and Engineering)
Third Semester
CS-302: Database Systems
Max. Marks: 50
Time allowed: 3 Hours
NOTE: Attempt five questions in all, including Q. No. I which is compulsory and selecting
At least two questions from each Unit-l & 1.
I. Write the short note on the following: -
a) Entity and Entity Set.
b) What is functional dependency? Give an example.
c) Difference between sparse index and dense index?
d) Mention the ACID properties of transaction?
e) B Tree Index
f) Define deferred update. Give example.
g) Digital signatures
h) Relational Algebra tree
i) What is difference between table and a view? Give the syntax of creating Both in
SQL.
j) Difference between BCNF and 3NF. (10×1)
UNIT-I
II. Design an ER diagram for an IT training group database that will meet the
Information needs for its training program. Clearly indicate the entities, Relationships
and the key constraints. Map the ER diagram into relational model Too. The
description of the environment is as follows:-
The Company has 12 instructors and can handle upto 100 trainees for each Training
session. The company offers 5 Advanced technology courses, each of Which is taught
by a team of 2 or more instructors Each instructor is assigned to a Maximum of two
teaching teams or may be assigned to do research Each trainee Undertakes one
Advanced technology course per training session. (10)
III. (a) What is data independence? Describe its different types with example?
(b) What is normalization? Explain INE, 2NF, 3NF and BCNF. (5,5)
IV. (a) What is a relational model? Explain primary key, candidate key and Foreign key with
examples. Describe other database constraints with Example.

X-X-X
 Exam.Code:0915
Sub. Code: 6777
1078
B.E. (Computer Science and Engineering)
Third Semester
CS-302: Database Systems
Max. Marks: 50
Time allowed: 3 Hours
NOTE: Attempt tie questions in all, including Question No. I which is compulsory And selecting
two questions from each Unit.
I. Answer the following in brief:
a) What is Query Tree?
b) Explain atomicity of transaction.
c) Define threat with example.
d) What are clustered indexes? List its advantages and disadvantages.
e) What is join dependency? How it is related to normalization?
) Define deferred update. Give example.
g) Difference between cursors and triggers.
h) Define cardinality in ER diagram. Give example.
i) List all the aggregate operators in SQL.
i) Define digital signatures. (10x1)
UNIT -I
II. a) Explain Query Optimization.
b) Write an SQL query to retrieve the details of employee drawing second largest salary
from the relation schema: employee (Emp_no, Emp_name, Designation, Salary).(5,5)
III.a) Define Database and DBMS. What are the advantages of using database over file
Management system?
b) Explain the notational conventions used in ER Model.(5,5)
IV. a) What is serializability? What are its types? What is serializable schedule? Give Example.
b) Explain the domain constraints and Referential integrity constraints with examples. (5,5)
UNIT-II
V. a) Discuss about different types of failures.
b) What is 2-phase locking protocol? How does it guarantee serializability?
VI. a) What are deferred modification and immediate modification technique Recovery? How
does recovery takes place in case of failure in these techniques ?(5)
b)Write TRC and DRC using table loan( loan_no, amount, balance) for
Following query. Find all loan numbers/or loans with an amount greater than $ 1200.
VI.a) What are the various kinds of concurrency anomalies that can occur? Explain with
Example.
b) CREATE a table using existing table with records and also without records.
c) Using ALTER command to add a PRIMARY KEY, FOREIGN KEY and MODIFY a column.
(5,2,3)
X-X-X

Exam.Code:0915
Sub. Codes 6777
1128
B.E. (Computer Science and Engineering)
Third Semester
CS-302: Database Systems
Max. Marks: 50
Time allowed: 3 Hours
NOTE : Attempt five questions in all, including Question No. I which is compulsory And
selecting two questions from each Unit.
I. Answer the following in brief-
a) What is Query Tree?
b) Explain atomicity of transaction.
c) Define threat with example.
d) What are clustered indexes? List its advantages and disadvantages.
e) What is join dependency? How it is related to normalization?
) Define deferred update. Give example.
g) Difference between cursors and triggers.
h) Define cardinality in ER diagram. Give example.
i) List all the aggregate operators in SQL.
j) Define digital signatures.(10x1)
UNIT -I
II. Consider the following schemas:
Sailors (sid, sname, rating, age)
Reserves (sid, bid, day)
Boats (bid, bname, color)
Write the following queries in relational algebra, tuple relational Calculus and domain Relational
calculus:
a) Find the name of sailors who have reserved boat 103.
b) Find the names and ages of sailors with a rating above 7.
c) Find the names of sailors who have reserved a red boat.
d) Find the sname, bid, and day for each reservation.
e) Find the name of sailors who have reserved at least one boat.
(10)
III. a) How checkpoints are used in database recovery?
b) Define a transaction and its desirable ACID properties. Explain the problę dirty read by giving
an example.
IV. Consider the following relation for published books:
BOOK(Book_title, Author name, Book type, List price, Author_affil, Publish
Author affil refers to the affiliation of author.
Suppose the following dependencies exist:
Book_title → Publisher, Book_type Book type – List price
Athor name → Author_affit
a) What normal form is the relation in? Explain your answer.
D) Apply normalization until you cannot decompose the relations further. Show
The reasons behind each decomposition
UNIT-II
V. Differentiate between the following:
a) Strong entity set and a weak entity set
b) 1 :N and M:N cardinality
c) TRC and DRC
d) 3NF and BCNF
(e) DAC and MAC. (5×2)
VI. a) Explain two phase locking protocol. What are its disadvantages?
b) Explain types of access control method. Discuss the popular model for mandator,
access control. Define Polyinstatiation.
(2x5)
VII. a)What are the properties of transaction management? Explain serializability with Example.
b)What is a query evaluation plan? What are its advantages and disadvantages
(2x5)
X-X-X
 Exam Code:0915
Sub. Code. 6777
I077
B.E. (Computer Science and Engineering),
Third Semester
CS-302: Database Systems
Time Allowed: 3 Hours
Max. Marks: 50
NOTE: Attempt five questions in all, including Question No I which is compulsory And
selecting two questions from each Part.
Q1. Explain the following terms:
a) Define the concept of Weak entity in ER Model.
b) Define Aggregation.
c) What is the impact of Data Redundancy on data Integrity?
d) What is Shadow Paging?
e) Differentiate between Sparse and Dense index?
9 What is a Trigger, What are its three parts?
s) Define Domain Key Normal Form.
h) Differentiate between Grant and Revoke command?
i)What is Transitive dependency?
j) Define Serializability. (1×10)
Part A
Q2. a)List five major significant differences between a file processing system and a DBMS.
b) Explain the difference between Physical and Logical data Independence. (2×5)
Q3. (a) what is a File organisation? What is an index? What is the relation between file and
indexes? we have several indexes on a single file of records? Discuss in detail?
b)When it is preferable to use a Dense index than a Sparse index.
Q4.a) What is an ER diagram? Construct an ER diagram for a hospital with a set of patients and
a set medical doctors Associate with each patient a log of the various tests and examinations
conducted
b)Consider the Relational database where the primary keys are underlined. Give an expression in
relational algebra to express each of following queries:
Employee (personname, street,city)
Works (personname, company_name, salary)

X-X-X
 Exam.Code:0915
Sub, Code: 6777
1078
B.E. (Computer Science and Engineering)
Third Semester
CS-302: Database Systems
Max. Marks: 50
Time allowed: 3 hours
NOTE: Attempt five questions in al, including Question No I which is compulsory And selecting
two questions from each Unit.
I. Answer the following in brief:
a) What is Query Tree?
b) Explain atomicity of transaction.
c) Define threat with example.
d) What are clustered indexes? List its advantages and disadvantages.
e) What is join dependency? How it is related to normalization?
9 Define deferred update. Give example.
g) Difference between cursors and triggers.
h) Define cardinality in ER diagram. Give example.
i) List all the aggregate operators in SQL.
j) Define digital signatures. (10×1)
UNIT-I
II. a)Explain Query Optimization.
b) Write an SQL query to retrieve the details of employee drawing second largest
salary from the relation schema: employee (Emp_no, Emp_name, Designation,Salary).
III.a)Define Database and DBMS. What are the advantages of using database over file
Management system?
b)Explain the notational conventions used in ER Model.
IV. a)What is serializability? What are its types? What is serializable schedule? Give Example.
b)Explain the domain constraints and Referential integrity constraints with examples.(5,5)
UNIT -II
V. a)Define order and degree of a recurrence relation
b)In how many ways can a student choose 5 courses out of 9 courses if 2 courses are compulsory
For every student?
VI. a)Determine the shortest path between the vertices a to z of the graph
b) Prove that Konigsberg’s graph is not proved to a solution.
c) Define the following:)
(i)Bipartite graph)
(ii)Planar Graph
(iii)K-Regular graph
((iv) Chromatic number of graph
(04+03+04)
VII. Prove that the set, S = (0, 1, 2, 3, 4) is a ring with respect to the operation of addition
Multiplication modulo 5.

X-X-X
 Exam.Code:0915
Sub. Code: 6777
1127
B.E. (Computer Science and Engineering)
Third Semester
CS-302: Database Systems
Max. Marks: 50
Time allowed: 3 Hours
NOTE: Attempt five questions in all, including Question No. I which is compulsory
And selecting wo questions from each Section.
Q1.
(i)What do you understand by Shadow Paging?
(ii)Differentiate between super key and primary key using an example.
(iii)What are domain key normal forms?
(iv)Discuss Serializability and Concurrency Control.
(v)What are the various states of a transaction?
SECTION-A
Q2 (a) Compare various indexing techniques using examples.(5)
(b) Discuss various advantages of DBMS over File Systems.(5)
Q3 (a) Design a database using ER Model for student record keeping system of your institute. (5)
b)Demonstrate ER to Relational Model Conversion using suitable example.(5)
Q4 (a) Discuss various query optimization strategies. (5)
(b) Compare cursors and triggers using suitable examples.(5)
SECTION-B
Q5. Why are various normal forms requited? Compare them using a real life scenario and discuss
Various types of dependencies involved in them.(10)
Q6. (a) Discuss various concurrency problems and concurrency control mechanisms. (5)
(b) Compare different Recovery techniques using suitable examples.(5)
Q7. Compare various security mechanisms for database protection using a case study.(10
X-X-X)
 Exam.Code:0915
Sub, Code: 6777
1128
B.E. (Computer Science and Engineering)
Third Semester
CS-302: Database Systems
Time allowed: 3 Hours
Max. Marks: 50
NOTE: Attempt five questions in al, including Question No. I which is compulsory And
selecting two questions from each Unit.
Answer the following in brief-
a) What is Query Tree?
b) Explain atomicity of transaction.
c) Define threat with example.
d) What are clustered indexes? List its advantages and disadvantages.
e) What is join dependency? How it is related to normalization?
) Define deferred update. Give example.
g) Difference between cursors and triggers.
h) Define cardinality in ER diagram. Give example.
i) List all the aggregate operators in SQL.
j) Define digital signatures. (10x1)
UNIT-I
II. Consider the following schemas:
Sailors (sid, sname, rating, age)
 Reserves (sid, bid, day)
Boats (bid, bname, color)
Write the following queries in relational algebra, tuple relational Calculus and domain Relational
calculus:
a) Find the name of sailors who have reserved boat 103.
b) Find the names and ages of sailors with a rating above 7.
c) Find the names of sailors who have reserved a red boat.
d) Find the sname, bid, and day for each reservation.
e) Find the name of sailors who have reserved at least one boat.(10)

4)Consider the following arguments

SI: If the violinist plays the concerto, then crowds will come if the prices are not high.
S2. If the Violinist plays the concerto, the prices will not be too high.
S: If the Violinist plays the concerto, crowds will come.
Find whether the conclusion S follows logically from the premises SI & S2
5. Define order and degree of a recurrence relation.
X-X-X