CHAPTER – 16

CIRCLES
Exercise 16.1
Page number 16.5

Question 1: Fill in the blanks:

(i) All points lying inside/outside a circle are called ______

T IO S
points/_______ points.

I
NO A D
(ii) Circles having the same centre and different radii are called _____

CO N
A
circles.

PY
(iii) A point whose distance from the center of a circle is greater than
DO U A

its radius lies in _________ of the circle.

T
ED PR

(iv) A continuous piece of a circle is _______ of the circle.

(v) The longest chord of a circle is a ____________ of the circle.
C
©

(vi) An arc is a __________ when its ends are the ends of a diameter.
(vii) Segment of a circle is a region between an arc and _______ of the
circle.
(viii) A circle divides the plane, on which it lies, in _________ parts.
Solution:
(i) Interior/Exterior
(ii) Concentric
(iii) The Exterior
(iv) Arc
(v) Diameter
(vi) Semi-circle
(vii) Center
(viii) Three

Question 2: Write the truth value (T/F) of the following with suitable
reasons:
(i) A circle is a plane figure.

T IO S
(ii) Line segment joining the center to any point on the circle is a

I
NO A D
radius of the circle,

CO N
A
(iii) If a circle is divided into three equal arcs each is a major arc.

PY
(iv) A circle has only finite number of equal chords.
DO U A
T
(v) A chord of a circle, which is twice as long as its radius is the
ED PR

diameter of the circle.

(vi) Sector is the region between the chord and its corresponding arc.
C
©

(vii) The degree measure of an arc is the complement of the central

angle containing the arc.
(viii) The degree measure of a semi-circle is 1800.
Solution:
(i) T
(ii) T
(iii) T
(iv) F
(v) T
(vi) T
 (vii) F
(viii) T

©
ED PR
DO U A
C
NO A D A
T
T IO S I
CO N
PY
 Exercise 16.2
Page number 16.24

Question 1: The radius of a circle is 8 cm and the length of one of its

chords is 12 cm. Find the distance of the chord from the centre.
Solution:

T IO S I
NO A D
CO N
A

PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
C
©

Radius of circle (OA) = 8 cm (Given)

Chord (AB) = 12cm (Given)
Draw a perpendicular OC on AB.
We know, perpendicular from centre to chord bisects the chord
12
Which implies, AC = BC = = 6 cm
2

In right ΔOCA:
Using Pythagoras theorem,
OA2 = AC2 + OC2
64 = 36 + OC2
 OC2 = 64 – 36 = 28
or OC = √28 = 5.291 (approx.)
The distance of the chord from the centre is 5.291 cm.

Question 2: Find the length of a chord which is at a distance of 5 cm

from the centre of a circle of radius 10 cm.
Solution:

T IO S I
NO A D
CO N
A

PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
C
©

Distance of the chord from the centre = OC = 5 cm (Given)

Radius of the circle = OA = 10 cm (Given)
In ΔOCA:
Using Pythagoras theorem,
OA2 = AC2 + OC2
100 = AC2 + 25
AC2 = 100 – 25 = 75
AC = √75 = 8.66
As, perpendicular from the centre to chord bisects the chord.
Therefore, AC = BC = 8.66 cm
⇒ AB = AC + BC = 8.66 + 8.66 = 17.32
Answer: AB = 17.32 cm

Question 3: Find the length of a chord which is at a distance of 4 cm

from the centre of a circle of radius 6 cm.
Solution:

T IO S I
NO A D
CO N
A

PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
C
©

Distance of the chord from the centre = OC = 4 cm (Given)

Radius of the circle = OA = 6 cm (Given)
In ΔOCA:
Using Pythagoras theorem,
OA2 = AC2 + OC2
36 = AC2 + 16
AC2 = 36 – 16 = 20
AC = √20 = 4.47
Or AC = 4.47cm
As, perpendicular from the centre to chord bisects the chord.
Therefore, AC = BC = 4.47 cm
⇒ AB = AC + BC = 4.47 + 4.47 = 8.94
Answer: AB = 8.94 cm

Question 4: Give a method to find the centre of a given circle.

Solution:
Steps of Construction:

T IO S I
Step 1: Consider three points A, B and C on a circle.
NO A D
CO N
Step 2: Join AB and BC.
A
Step 3: Draw perpendicular bisectors of chord AB and BC which intersect

PY
DO U A
each other at a point, say O.
T
ED PR

Step 4: This point O is a centre of the circle, because we know that, the
Perpendicular bisectors of chord always pass through the centre.
C
©
Question 5: Prove that a diameter of a circle which bisects a chord of
the circle also bisects the angle subtended by the chord at the centre
of the circle.
Solution:

T IO S I
NO A D
CO N
A

PY
DO U A
T
ED PR

Form figure: PQ is a diameter of circle which bisects the chord AB at C.

(Given)
C

To Prove: PQ bisects ∠AOB

©

Now,
In ∠BOC and ∠AOC
OA = OB [Radius]
OC = OC [Common side]
AC = BC [Given]
Then, by SSS condition: ΔAOC ≅ ΔBOC
So, ∠AOC = ∠BOC [By c.p.c.t.]
Therefore, PQ bisects ∠AOB. Hence proved.
Question 6: A line segment AB is of length 5cm. Draw a circle of
radius 4 cm passing through A and B. Can you draw a circle of radius
2 cm passing through A and B? Give reason in support of your
answer.
Solution:
Given that a line AB = 5 cm, one circle having radius of 𝑟1 = 4 cm which
is passing through point A and B and other circle of radius 𝑟2 = 2 cm.
As we know that the largest chord of any circle is equal to the diameter of

T IO S
that circle.

I
NO A D
So, 2 × 𝑟2 < 𝐴𝐵

CO N
A
There is no possibility to draw a circle whose diameter is smaller than the

PY
length of the chord.
DO U A
T
ED PR

Question 7: An equilateral triangle of side 9 cm is inscribed in a circle.

Find the radius of the circle.
C
©

Solution:
Let ABC be an equilateral triangle of side 9 cm and let AD be one of its
medians. Let G be the centroid of ∆ABC. Then AG: GD = 2: 1
We know that in an equilateral triangle centroid coincides with the
circumcentre. Therefore, G is the centre of the circumcircle with
circumradius GA.
As per theorem, G is the centre and GD ⊥ BC. Therefore,
BD = CD
= 4.5 cm
In ∆ADB we have

T IO S
AD² = AB² - DB²

I
= 92 − (4.5)2
NO A D
CO N
A
81
= √81 −

PY
4
DO U A

9√3
T
= cm
ED PR

2
2
Therefore, radius AG = 𝐴𝐷 = 3√3 cm
3
C
©

Question 8: Given an arc of a circle, complete the circle.

Solution:
Let PQ be an arc of the circle.
In order to complete the circle. First of all, we have to find out its centre
and radius.
Now take a point R on the arc PQ and join PR and QR.
Draw the perpendicular bisectors of PR and QR respectively.
Let these perpendicular bisectors intersect at point O.
Then OP = OQ, draw a circle with centre O and radius OP = OQ to get
the required circle.
 T IO S I
NO A D
Question 9: Draw different pairs of circles. How many points does

CO N
A
each pair have in common? What is the maximum number of
common points?

PY
DO U A

Solution:
T
ED PR

Given that two different pairs of circles 𝐶1 (𝑂1 , 𝑟1 ), 𝐶2 (𝑂2 , 𝑟2 ), 𝐶3 (𝑂3 , 𝑟3 )

and 𝐶4 (𝑂4 , 𝑟4 ) in the figure.
C

As we see that only two points A, B of first pair of circle and C, D of the
©

second pair of circles are common points.

Thus only two points are common in each pair of circle.
Question 10: Suppose you are given a circle. Give a construction to
find its centre.
Solution:
Given a circle C (O, r).
We take three points A, B and C on the circle.
Join AB and BC.
Draw the perpendicular bisector of chord AB and BC.

T IO S
Let these bisectors intersect at point O.

I
NO A D
Hence, O is the centre of circle.

CO N
A

PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
C
©

Question 11: The lengths of two parallel chords of a circle are 6 cm

and 8 cm. If the smaller chord is at a distance of 4 cm from the centre,
what is the distance of the other chord from the centre?
Solution:
Let AB and CD be two parallel chord of the circle with centre O such
that AB = 6 cm, CD = 8 cm and OP = 4 cm. let the radius of the circle be
cm.
According to the question, we have to find OQ
 T IO S
Draw OP ⊥ AB and OQ ⊥ CD as well as point O, Q, and 𝑃 are collinear.

I
NO A D
Let OQ = x

CO N
A
Join OA and OC, then

PY
DO U A
OA = OC = r
T
Now OP ⊥ AB and OQ ⊥ CD
ED PR

So, AP = 3 cm and CQ = 4 cm
C

In ∆OAP we have
©

OA² = OP² + AP²

r² = 4² + 3²
= 16 + 9
= 25
r = √25
=5
And in ∆OCQ
OQ² = OC² – CQ²
= OA² – CQ²
 = 5² – 4²
= 25 – 16
=9
OQ = √9
= 3 cm

T IO S
Question 12: Two chords AB, CD of lengths 5 cm, 11 cm respectively
of a circle are parallel. If the distance between AB and CD is 3 cm,

I
NO A D
find the radius of the circle.

CO N
A
Solution:

PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
C
©

Given: AB = 5 cm, CD = 11 cm, PQ = 3 cm

Draw perpendiculars OP on CD and OQ on AB
Let OP = x cm and OC = OA = r cm
We know, perpendicular from centre to chord bisects it.
Since OP ⊥ CD, we have
11
CP = PD = cm
2
And OQ ⊥ AB
5
AQ = BQ = cm
2

In ΔOCP:
By Pythagoras theorem,
OC2 = OP2 + CP2
11 2
2
r =x +( ) 2
…..(1)

T IO S
2

In ΔOQA:

I
NO A D
By Pythagoras theorem,

CO N
A
OA2 = OQ2 + AQ2

PY
DO U A
5 2
r = (x + 3) + ( ) …..(2)
2 2
T
2
ED PR

From equations (1) and (2), we get

5 2 11 2
C

(x+3) 2 + ( ) = x2 + ( )
©

2 2

Solve above equation and find the value of x.

25 121
x2 + 6x + 9 + = x2 +
4 4

(using identity, (a + b) 2 = a2 + b2 + 2ab)

121 25
6x = – −9
4 4

6x = 15
15 5
or x = =
6 2

Substitute the value of x in equation (1), and find the length of radius,
5 2 11 2
r2 = ( ) + ( )
2 2
 25 121
= +
4 4
146
=
4

146
or r = √ cm
4

Question 13: Prove that the line joining the mid-point of a chord to

T IO S
the centre of the circle passes through the mid-point of the
corresponding minor arc.

I
NO A D
Solution:

CO N
A

PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
C
©

From figure, Let C is the mid-point of chord AB.

To prove: D is the mid-point of arc AB.
Now, In ΔOAC and ΔOBC
OA = OB [Radius of circle]
OC = OC [Common]
AC = BC [C is the mid-point of chord AB (given)]
So, by SSS condition: ΔOAC ≅ ΔOBC
So, ∠AOC = ∠BOC (BY CPCT)
̅̅̅̅ ≅ 𝑚𝐵𝐷
⇒ 𝑚𝐴𝐷 ̅̅̅̅
̅̅̅̅ ≅ ̅̅̅̅
⇒ 𝐴𝐷 𝐵𝐷
Therefore, D is the mid-point of arc AB. Hence Proved.

T IO S
Question 14: Prove that two different circles cannot intersect each
other at more than two points.

I
NO A D
Solution:

CO N
A
We have to prove that two different circles cannot intersect each other at

PY
DO U A
more than two points.
T
Let the two circles intersect in three points A, B and C.
ED PR

Then as we know that these three points A, B and C are non-collinear. So,
a unique circle passes through these three points.
C
©

This is a contradiction to the fact that two given circles are passing
through A, B, C.
Hence, two circles cannot intersect each other at more than two points.
Hence, proved.

Question 15: Two chords AB and CD of lengths 5 cm and 11 cm

respectively of a circle are parallel to each other and are opposite side
of its centre. If the distance between AB and CD is 6 cm, find the
radius of the circle.
Solution:
Let AB and CD be two parallel chord of the circle with centre O such
that AB = 5 cm, CD = 11 cm and PQ = 6 cm. Let the radius of the circle
be r cm.

T IO S I
NO A D
CO N
A
Draw OP ⊥ AB and OQ ⊥ CD as well as point O, Q, and 𝑃 are collinear.

PY
DO U A
Clearly, PQ = 6 cm
T
Let OQ = x cm then
ED PR

OP = 6 − 𝑥
C

Join OA and OC, then

©

OA = OC = r
Now OP ⊥ AB and OQ ⊥ CD
5 11
So, AP = cm and CQ = cm
2 2

In ∆OAP and ∆OCQ we have

OA2 = OP2 + AP2
5 2
⇒ r² = x² +( ) …… (1)
2

And
OC2 = OQ2 + CQ2
11 2
⇒ r² = (6 − 𝑥 )2 +( ) …… (2)
2

From (1) and (2) we get

2 5 2 11 2
𝑥 + ( ) = (6 − 𝑥 )2 +( )
2 2
25 121
⇒ 𝑥2 + = 36 − 12𝑥 + 𝑥 2 +
4 4

T IO S
121 25
12𝑥 = (36 + )−
4 4

I
NO A D
12𝑥 =
144+121
−
25

CO N
4 4
A
265−25
=

PY
DO U A
4
240
T
=
ED PR

= 60
C

60
𝑥=
©

12

=5
Putting the value of x in (1) we get,
2 5 2
𝑟 = (5 )2 +( )
2
25
= 25 +
4
100+25
=
4

125
𝑟=√
4

5√5
= cm
2
 Exercise 16.3
Page number 16.40

Question 1: Three girls Ishita, Isha and Nisha are playing a game by
standing on a circle of radius 20 m drawn in a park. Ishita throws a
ball to Isha, Isha to Nisha and Nisha to Ishita. If the distance between
Ishita and Isha and between Isha and Nisha is 24 m each, what is the
distance between Ishita and Nisha.

T IO S
Solution:

I
NO A D
Let R, S and M be the position of Ishita, Isha and Nisha respectively.

CO N
A

PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
C
©

24
Since OA is a perpendicular bisector on RS, so AR = AS = = 12 cm
2

Radii of circle = OR = OS = OM = 20 cm (Given)

In ΔOAR:
By Pythagoras theorem,
OA2 + AR2 = OR2
OA2 + 122 = 202
OA2 = 400 – 144 = 256
Or OA = 16 m … (1)
From figure, OABC is a kite since OA = OC and AB = BC. We know
that, diagonals of a kite are perpendicular and the diagonal common to
both the isosceles triangles are bisected by another diagonal.
So in ΔRSM, ∠RCS = 900 and RC = CM … (2)
Now, Area of ΔORS = Area of ΔORS

T IO S
1 1
⇒ × 𝑂𝐴 × 𝑅𝑆 = × 𝑅𝐶 × 𝑂𝑆

I
2 2

NO A D
⇒ 𝑂𝐴 × 𝑅𝑆 = 𝑅𝐶 × 𝑂𝑆

CO N
A
⇒ 16 × 24 = 𝑅𝐶 × 20

PY
DO U A
⇒ 𝑅𝐶 = 19.2
T
ED PR

Since RC = CM (from (2), we have

RM = 2(19.2) = 38.4
C

So, the distance between Ishita and Nisha is 38.4 m.

©

Question 2: A circular park of radius 40 m is situated in a colony.

Three boys Ankur, Amit and Anand are sitting at equal distance on
its boundary each having a toy telephone in his hands to talk to each
other. Find the length of the string of each phone.
Solution:
 T IO S I
NO A D
CO N
A
Since, AB = BC = CA. So, ABC is an equilateral triangle

PY
DO U A

Radius = OA = 40 m (Given)
T
ED PR

We know, medians of equilateral triangle pass through the circumcentre

and intersect each other at the ratio 2: 1.
C

Here AD is the median of equilateral triangle ABC, we can write:

©

𝑂𝐴 2
=
𝑂𝐷 1
40 2
or =
𝑂𝐷 1

or OD = 20 m
Therefore, AD = OA + OD = (40 + 20) m = 60 m
Now, In ΔADC:
By Pythagoras theorem,
AC2 = AD2 + DC2
𝐴𝐶 2
AC2 = 602 + ( )
2
 2 𝐴𝐶 2
AC = 3600 +
4
3
AC2 = 3600
4

AC2 = 4800
or AC = 40√3 m
Therefore, length of string of each phone will be 40√3 m.

T IO S I
NO A D
CO N
A

PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
C
©
 Exercise 16.4
Page number 16.60

Question 1: In figure, O is the centre of the circle. If ∠APB = 500, find

∠AOB and ∠OAB.

T IO S I
NO A D
CO N
A

PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
C

Solution:
©

∠APB = 500 (Given)

By degree measure theorem: ∠AOB = 2∠APB
∠AOB = 2 × 500 = 1000
Again, OA = OB [Radius of circle]
Then ∠OAB = ∠OBA [Angles opposite to equal sides]
Let ∠OAB = m
In ΔOAB,
By angle sum property: ∠OAB + ∠OBA + ∠AOB = 1800
⇒ m + m + 1000 = 1800
⇒ 2m = 1800 – 1000 = 800
 80°
⇒m= = 400
2

∠OAB = ∠OBA = 400

Question 2: In figure, O is the centre of the circle. Find ∠BAC.

T IO S I
NO A D
CO N
A

PY
DO U A
T
ED PR

Solution:
C

Given: ∠AOB = 800 and ∠AOC = 1100

©

Therefore, ∠AOB + ∠AOC + ∠BOC = 3600 [Complete angle]

Substitute given values,
800 + 1000 + ∠BOC = 3600
∠BOC = 3600 – 800 – 1100 = 1700
or ∠BOC = 1700
Now, by degree measure theorem
∠BOC = 2∠BAC
1700 = 2∠BAC
170°
Or ∠BAC = = 850
2
Question 3: If O is the centre of the circle, find the value of x in each
of the following figures.
(i)

T IO S I
NO A D
CO N
A

PY
DO U A
T
Solution:
ED PR

∠AOC = 1350 (Given)

C

From figure, ∠AOC + ∠BOC = 1800 [Linear pair of angles]

©

1350 +∠BOC = 1800

or ∠BOC = 1800 − 1350
or ∠BOC = 450
Again, by degree measure theorem
∠BOC = 2∠CPB
450 = 2x
45°
x=
2
(ii)

Solution:

T IO S I
∠ABC = 400 (given)
NO A D
CO N
∠ACB = 900 [Angle in semicircle]
A
In ΔABC,

PY
DO U A
∠CAB + ∠ACB + ∠ABC = 1800 [angle sum property]
T
ED PR

∠CAB + 900 + 400 = 1800

∠CAB = 1800 − 900 − 400
C

∠CAB = 500
©

Now, ∠CDB = ∠CAB [Angle is on same segment]

This implies, x = 500

(iii)
 T IO S I
NO A D
CO N
Solution:
A
∠AOC = 1200 (given)

PY
DO U A

By degree measure theorem: ∠AOC = 2∠APC

T
ED PR

1200 = 2∠APC
120°
∠APC = = 600
C

2
©

Again, ∠APC + ∠ABC = 1800

[Sum of opposite angles of cyclic quadrilaterals = 180°]
600 + ∠ABC = 1800
∠ABC = 1800 − 600
∠ABC = 1200
∠ABC + ∠DBC = 1800 [Linear pair of angles]
1200 + x = 1800
x = 1800 − 1200 = 600
The value of x is 600
(iv)

T IO S I
NO A D
CO N
A
Solution:

PY
∠CBD = 650 (given)
DO U A
T
From figure:
ED PR

∠ABC + ∠CBD = 1800 [Linear pair of angles]

∠ABC + 650 = 1800
C
©

∠ABC = 1800 − 650 = 1150

Again, reflex ∠AOC = 2∠ABC [Degree measure theorem]
x = 2(1150) = 2300
The value of x is 2300

(v)
 T IO S I
Solution:
NO A D
CO N
A
∠OAB = 350 (Given)

PY
From figure:
DO U A
T
∠OBA = ∠OAB = 350 [Angles opposite to equal radii]
ED PR

In ΔAOB:
C

∠AOB + ∠OAB + ∠OBA = 1800 [angle sum property]

©

∠AOB + 350 + 350 = 1800

∠AOB = 1800 – 350 – 350 = 1100
Now, ∠AOB + reflex ∠AOB = 3600 [Complex angle]
1100 + reflex ∠AOB = 3600
Reflex ∠AOB = 3600 – 1100 = 2500
By degree measure theorem: reflex ∠AOB = 2∠ACB
2500 = 2x
250°
x= = 1250
2

(vi)
 T IO S I
NO A D
Solution:

CO N
A
∠AOB = 60o (given)

PY
By degree measure theorem: reflex ∠AOB = 2∠OAC
DO U A
T
60 o = 2∠OAC
ED PR

60°
∠OAC = = 30 o [Angles opposite to equal radii]
2
C

Or x = 300
©

(vii)
Solution:
∠BAC = 500 and ∠DBC = 700 (given)
From figure:
∠BDC = ∠BAC = 500 [Angle on same segment]
Now,
In ΔBDC:

T IO S
Using angle sum property, we have

I
∠BDC + ∠BCD + ∠DBC = 1800
NO A D
CO N
Substituting given values, we get
A
500 + x0 + 700 = 1800

PY
DO U A
x0 = 1800 − 500 − 700 = 600
T
ED PR

or x = 60o. Answer!!
C
©

(viii)

Solution:
∠DBO = 400 (Given)
Form figure:
∠DBC = 900 [Angle in a semicircle]
∠DBO + ∠OBC = 900
400 + ∠OBC = 900
or ∠OBC = 900 − 400 = 500
Again, By degree measure theorem: ∠AOC = 2∠OBC
or x = 2 × 500 = 1000

T IO S I
NO A D
CO N
(ix)
A

PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
C
©

Solution:
∠CAD = 28, ∠ADB = 32 and ∠ABC = 50 (Given)
From figure:
In ΔDAB:
Angle sum property: ∠ADB + ∠DAB + ∠ABD = 1800
By substituting the given values, we get
320 + ∠DAB + 500 = 1800
∠DAB = 1800 − 320 − 500
∠DAB = 980
Now,
∠DAB + ∠DCB = 1800
[Opposite angles of cyclic quadrilateral, their sum = 180 degrees]
980 + x = 1800
or x = 1800 − 980 = 820
The value of x is 82 degrees.

T IO S I
(x)
NO A D
CO N
A

PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
C
©

Solution:
∠BAC = 350 and ∠DBC = 650
From figure:
∠BDC = ∠BAC = 350 [Angle in same segment]
In ΔBCD:
Angle sum property, we have
∠BDC + ∠BCD + ∠DBC = 1800
350 + x + 650 = 1800
or x = 1800 – 350 – 650 = 800
(xi)

T IO S I
NO A D
CO N
A
Solution:

PY
DO U A
∠ABD = 400, ∠CPD = 1100 (Given)
T
ED PR

Form figure:
∠ACD = ∠ABD = 400 [Angle in same segment]
C

In ΔPCD,
©

Angle sum property: ∠PCD + ∠CPO + ∠PDC = 1800

400 + 1100 + x = 1800
x = 1800 − 1500 = 300
The value of x is 30 degrees.

(xii)
 T IO S I
Solution:
NO A D
∠BAC = 520

CO N
(Given)
A
From figure:

PY
DO U A
∠BDC = ∠BAC = 520 [Angle in same segment]
T
ED PR

Since OD = OC (radii), then

∠ODC = ∠OCD [Opposite angle to equal radii]
C

So, x = 520
©

Question 4: O is the circumcentre of the triangle ABC and OD is

perpendicular on BC. Prove that ∠BOD = ∠A.
Solution:
 T IO S
In ΔOBD and ΔOCD:

I
NO A D
OB = OC [Radius]

CO N
A
∠ODB = ∠ODC [Each 900]

PY
DO U A
OD = OD [Common]
T
Therefore, By RHS Condition
ED PR

ΔOBD ≅ ΔOCD
C

So, ∠BOD = ∠COD …...(i) [By CPCT]

©

Again,
By degree measure theorem: ∠BOC = 2∠BAC
2∠BOD = 2∠BAC [Using(i)]
∠BOD = ∠BAC
Hence proved.

Question 5: In figure, O is the centre of the circle, BO is the bisector

of ∠ABC. Show that AB = AC.
 T IO S
Solution:

I
NO A D
Since, BO is the bisector of ∠ABC, then,

CO N
A
∠ABO = ∠CBO …. (i)

PY
DO U A
From figure:
T
ED PR

Radius of circle = OB = OA = OB = OC
∠OAB = ∠OCB …. (ii) [opposite angles to equal sides]
C

∠ABO = ∠DAB …. (iii) [opposite angles to equal sides]

©

From equations (i), (ii) and (iii), we get

∠OAB = ∠OCB …. (iv)
In ΔOAB and ΔOCB:
∠OAB = ∠OCB [From (iv)]
OB = OB [Common]
∠OBA = ∠OBC [Given]
Then, By AAS condition: ΔOAB ≅ ΔOCB
So, AB = BC [By CPCT]
Question 6: In the given figure, O and O' are centres of two circles
intersecting at B and C. ACD is a straight line, find x.

T IO S I
NO A D
Solution:

CO N
A
It is given that

PY
DO U A
Two circles having center O and O' and ∠AOB = 130°
T
And AC is diameter of circle having center O
ED PR
C
©

We have
1
∠𝐴𝐶𝐵 = ∠𝐴𝑂𝐵 = 65°
2

So
∠𝐷𝐶𝐵 = 180° − ∠𝐴𝐶𝐵
= 180° − 65°
 = 115°
Now, reflex ∠𝐵𝑂′ 𝐷 = 2∠𝐵𝐶𝐷
So
360° − 𝑥° = 2 × 115
= 230°
𝑥° = 360° − 230° = 130°
Hence, 𝑥° = 130°

T IO S I
NO A D
CO N
Question 7: In the given figure, if ∠ACB = 40°, ∠DPB = 120°, find
A
∠CBD.

PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
C
©

Solution:
It is given that ∠ACB = 40° and ∠DPB = 120°
 T IO S
Construction: Join the point A and B

I
∠𝐴𝐶𝐵 = ∠𝐴𝐷𝐵 = 40°
NO A D (Angle in the same segment)

CO N
A
Now in △BDP△BDP we have

PY
∠𝐷𝑃𝐵 + ∠𝑃𝐵𝐷 + ∠𝐵𝐷𝑃 = 180°
DO U A
T
⇒ 120° + ∠𝑃𝐵𝐷 + 40° = 180°
ED PR

⇒ ∠𝑃𝐵𝐷 = 20°
C

Hence ∠𝐶𝐵𝐷 = 20°

©

Question 8: A chord of a circle is equal to the radius of the circle. Find

the angle subtended by the chord at a point on the minor arc and also
at a point on the major arc.
Solution:
We have to find ∠𝐴𝐷𝐵 and ∠𝐴𝐸𝐵
 T IO S I
NO A D
Construction: - O is centre and r is radius and given that chord is equal to

CO N
A
radius of circle

PY
Now in ∆AOB we have
DO U A
T
AO = OB = BA (It is given that chord is equal to radius of circle)
ED PR

So, ∆AOB is an equilateral triangle

C

∠𝐴𝑂𝐵 = 60°
©

So, ∠𝐴𝑂𝐵 = 2∠𝐴𝐷𝐵

(The angle subtended by an arc of a circle at the centre is double the angle
subtended by it at any point on the remaining part of the circle)
Then ∠𝐴𝐷𝐵 = 30°
So
1
∠𝐴𝐸𝐵 = (Reflex ∠𝐴𝑂𝐵)
2
1
= (360° − 60°)
2

= 150°
Therefore,
∠𝐴𝐷𝐵 = 30° and ∠𝐴𝐸𝐵 = 150°

Hence, the angle subtended by the chord at a point on the minor arc is
150° and also at a point on the major arc is 30°.

Question 9: In figure, it is given that O is the centre of the circle and

∠AOC = 1500. Find ∠ABC.

T IO S I
NO A D
CO N
A

PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
C
©

Solution:
∠AOC = 1500 (Given)
(reflex ∠AOC)
By degree measure theorem: ∠ABC = …(1)
2

We know, ∠AOC + reflex(∠AOC) = 3600 [Complex angle]

1500 + reflex ∠AOC = 3600
or reflex ∠AOC = 3600−1500 = 2100
210°
From (1) ⇒ ∠ABC = = 105o
2
Question 10: In figure, O is the centre of the circle, then prove that
∠x = ∠y + ∠z.

T IO S I
NO A D
CO N
A
Solution:

PY
DO U A

From the figure:

T
ED PR

∠3 = ∠4 …. (i) [Angles in same segment]

∠x = 2∠3 [By degree measure theorem]
C
©

∠x = ∠3 + ∠3
∠x = ∠3 + ∠4 (Using (i)) …. (ii)
Again, ∠y = ∠3 + ∠1 [By exterior angle property]
or ∠3 = ∠y − ∠1 …. (iii)
∠4 = ∠z + ∠1 …. (iv) [By exterior angle property]
Now, from equations (ii), (iii) and (iv), we get
∠x = ∠y − ∠1 + ∠z + ∠1
or ∠x = ∠y + ∠z + ∠1 − ∠1
or x = ∠y + ∠z
Hence proved.
Question 11: In the given figure, O is the centre of a circle and PQ is
a diameter. If ∠ROS = 40°, find ∠RTS.

T IO S I
Solution:
NO A D
CO N
It is given that O is the centre and ∠𝑅𝑂𝑆 = 40°
A

PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
C
©

1
We have ∠𝑅𝑂𝑆 = ∠𝑅𝑂𝑆 = 20°
2

In right angled triangle RQT we have

∠𝑅𝑄𝑇 + ∠𝑄𝑇𝑅 + ∠𝑇𝑅𝑄 = 180°
⇒ 20° + ∠𝑄𝑇𝑅 + 90° = 180°
⇒ ∠𝑄𝑇𝑅 = 70°
Hence, ∠𝑅𝑇𝑆 = 70°
 Exercise 16.5
Page number 16.83

Question 1: In figure, ΔABC is an equilateral triangle. Find m ∠BEC.

T IO S I
NO A D
CO N
A

PY
DO U A
T
ED PR

Solution:
C

ΔABC is an equilateral triangle. (Given)

©

Each angle of an equilateral triangle is 60 degrees.

In quadrilateral ABEC:
∠BAC + ∠BEC = 180o (Opposite angles of quadrilateral)
60o + ∠BEC = 180 o
∠BEC = 180 o – 60 o
∠BEC = 120 o

Question 2: In figure, Δ PQR is an isosceles triangle with PQ = PR

and m ∠PQR=35°. Find m ∠QSR and m ∠QTR.
 T IO S I
NO A D
CO N
A
Solution:

PY
DO U A
Given: ΔPQR is an isosceles triangle with PQ = PR and m ∠PQR = 35°
T
In ΔPQR:
ED PR

∠PQR = ∠PRQ = 35o (Angle opposite to equal sides)

C

Again, by angle sum property

©

∠P + ∠Q + ∠R = 180 o
∠P + 35 o + 35 o = 180 o
∠P + 70 o = 180 o
∠P = 180 o – 70 o
∠P = 110 o
Now, in quadrilateral SQTR,
∠QSR + ∠QTR = 180 o (Opposite angles of quadrilateral)
110 o + ∠QTR = 180 o
∠QTR = 70 o
Question 3: In figure, O is the centre of the circle. If ∠BOD = 160o,
find the values of x and y.

T IO S I
NO A D
CO N
A

PY
DO U A
Solution:
T
ED PR

From figure: ∠BOD = 160 o

By degree measure theorem: ∠BOD = 2 ∠BCD
C

160 o = 2x
©

or x = 80 o
Now, in quadrilateral ABCD,
∠BAD + ∠BCD = 180 o (Opposite angles of Cyclic quadrilateral)
y + x = 180 o
Putting value of x,
y + 80 o = 180 o
y = 100 o
Answer: x = 80 o and y = 100 o.
Question 4: In figure, ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral. If ∠BCD =
100o and ∠ABD = 70o, find ∠ADB.

T IO S I
NO A D
CO N
A
Solution:

PY
DO U A
From figure:
T
In quadrilateral ABCD,
ED PR

∠DCB + ∠BAD = 180o (Opposite angles of Cyclic quadrilateral)

C

100 o + ∠BAD = 180o

©

∠BAD = 800
In Δ BAD:
By angle sum property: ∠ADB + ∠DAB + ∠ABD = 180 o
∠ADB + 80o + 70 o = 180 o
∠ADB = 30o

Question 5: If ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral in which AD||BC

(figure). Prove that ∠B = ∠C.
 T IO S
Solution:

I
Given: ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral with AD ‖ BC
NO A D
CO N
⇒ ∠A + ∠C = 180o ……… (1)
A

PY
[Opposite angles of cyclic quadrilateral]
DO U A

and ∠A + ∠B = 180o ……… (2) [Co-interior angles]

T
ED PR

Form (1) and (2), we have

∠B = ∠C
C
©

Hence proved.

Question 6: In figure, O is the centre of the circle. Find ∠CBD.

Solution:
Given: ∠BOC = 100o
By degree measure theorem: ∠AOC = 2 ∠APC
100 o = 2 ∠APC
or ∠APC = 50 o
Again,
∠APC + ∠ABC = 180 o

T IO S
(Opposite angles of a cyclic quadrilateral)

I
50o + ∠ABC = 180 o
NO A D
CO N
or ∠ABC = 130 o
A
Now, ∠ABC + ∠CBD = 180 o (Linear pair)

PY
DO U A

130o + ∠CBD = 180 o

T
ED PR

or ∠CBD = 50 o
C
©

Question 7: In figure, AB and CD are diameters of a circle with centre

O. If ∠OBD = 500, find ∠AOC.

Solution:
Given: ∠OBD = 500
Here, AB and CD are the diameters of the circles with centre O.
∠DBC = 900 …. (i) [Angle in the semi-circle]
Also, ∠DBC = 500 + ∠OBC
900 = 500 + ∠OBC
or ∠OBC = 400

T IO S
Again, By degree measure theorem: ∠AOC = 2 ∠ABC

I
∠AOC = 2∠OBC = 2 × 400 = 800
NO A D
CO N
A
Question 8: On a semi-circle with AB as diameter, a point C is taken,

PY
DO U A
so that m(∠CAB) = 300. Find m(∠ACB) and m(∠ABC).
T
ED PR

Solution:
Given: m(∠CAB) = 300
C

To Find: m(∠ACB) and m(∠ABC).

©

Now,
∠ACB = 900 (Angle in semi-circle)
Now,
In △ABC, by angle sum property: ∠CAB + ∠ACB + ∠ABC = 1800
300 + 900 + ∠ABC = 1800
∠ABC = 600
Answer: ∠ACB = 900 and ∠ABC = 600
Question 9: In a cyclic quadrilateral ABCD if AB||CD and B = 70 o,
find the remaining angles.
Solution:
A cyclic quadrilateral ABCD with AB||CD and B = 70o.
∠B + ∠C = 180o (Co-interior angle)
700 + ∠C = 1800
∠C = 1100

T IO S
And,

I
NO A D
⇒ ∠B + ∠D = 1800 (Opposite angles of Cyclic quadrilateral)

CO N
A
700 + ∠D = 1800

PY
DO U A
∠D = 1100
T
ED PR

Again, ∠A + ∠C = 1800 (Opposite angles of cyclic quadrilateral)

∠A + 1100 = 1800
C

∠A = 700
©

Answer: ∠A = 700, ∠C = 1100 and ∠D = 1100

Question 10: In a cyclic quadrilateral ABCD, if m ∠A = 3(m ∠C). Find

m ∠A.
Solution:
∠A + ∠C = 180o …. (1)
[Opposite angles of cyclic quadrilateral]
Since m ∠A = 3(m ∠C) (given)
⇒ ∠A = 3∠C … (2)
Equation (1) ⇒ 3∠C + ∠C = 180 o
or 4∠C = 180o
or ∠C = 45o
From equation (2)
∠A = 3 × 45o = 135o

T IO S
Question 11: In figure, O is the centre of the circle ∠DAB = 50°.
Calculate the values of x and y.

I
NO A D
CO N
A

PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
C
©

Solution:
Given: ∠DAB = 50o
By degree measure theorem: ∠BOD = 2 ∠BAD
so, x = 2(500) = 1000
Since, ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral, we have
∠A + ∠C = 1800
500 + y = 1800
y = 1300
Question 12: In the given figure, if ∠BAC = 60° and ∠BCA = 20°, find
∠ADC.

T IO S I
NO A D
CO N
Solution:
A

PY
It is given that, ∠BAC = 60° and ∠BCA = 20°
DO U A
T
ED PR
C
©

We have to find the ∠ADC

In given ∆ABC we have
∠ABC + ∠BCA + ∠BAC = 180° (Angle sum property)
⇒ ∠ABC = 180° − (60° + 20°) = 100°
In cyclic quadrilateral ABCD we have
∠𝐵 + ∠𝐷 = 180°
 (Sum of pair of opposite angles of a cyclic quadrilateral is 180º)
Then,
∠𝐷 = 180° − 100°
∠𝐷 = 80°
Hence ∠𝐴𝐷𝐶 = 80°

T IO S
Question 13: In the given figure, if ABC is an equilateral triangle.
Find ∠BDC and ∠BEC.

I
NO A D
CO N
A

PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
C
©

Solution:
It is given that, ABC is an equilateral triangle
We have to find ∠BDC and ∠BEC
Since ∆ABC is an equilateral triangle
So, ∠𝐴 = ∠𝐵 = ∠𝐶 = 60°
And ABEC is cyclic quadrilateral
So ∠𝐴 + ∠𝐸 = 180°
(Sum of opposite pair of angles of a cyclic quadrilateral is 180°.)

T IO S
Then,

I
∠𝐸 = 180° − 60°
NO A D
CO N
= 120°
A
Similarly, BECD is also cyclic quadrilateral

PY
DO U A

So,
T
ED PR

∠𝐸 + ∠𝐷 = 180°
∠𝐷 = 180° − 120°
C
©

= 60°
Hence, ∠𝐵𝐷𝐶 = 60° and ∠𝐵𝐸𝐶 = 120°.

Question 14: In the given figure, O is the centre of the circle. If

∠CEA = 30°, Find the values of x, y and z.
 T IO S
Solution:

I
It is given that, O is the centre of the circle and ∠𝐴𝐸𝐶 = 30°
NO A D
CO N
A

PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
C
©

We have to find the value of x, y and z.

Since, angle in the same segment are equal
So ∠𝐴𝐸𝐶 = ∠𝐴𝐷𝐶 = 30°
And z = 30°
As angle subtended by an arc of a circle at the centre is double the angle
subtended by it at any point on the remaining part of the circle.
Since ∠𝐴𝑂𝐶 = 2∠𝐴𝐷𝐶
Then,
y = 2z
 = 2 × 30°
= 60°
Since, the sum of opposite pair of angles of a cyclic quadrilateral is 180°.
z + x = 180°
x = 180° − 30°
= 150°

Hence,

T IO S
x = 150°, y = 60° and z = 30°

I
NO A D
CO N
Question 15: In the given figure, ∠BAD = 78°, ∠DCF = x° and
A
∠DEF = y°. Find the values of x and y.

PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
C
©

Solution:
It is given that, ∠𝐴 = 78° and ABCD, DCFE are cyclic quadrilateral
We have to find the value of x and y.
Since, ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral
So ∠𝐴 + ∠𝐵𝐶𝐷 = 180°
(Opposite angle of a cyclic quadrilateral are supplementary)
∠𝐵𝐶𝐷 = 180° − ∠𝐴 (∠𝐴 = 78°)
∠𝐵𝐶𝐷 = 180° − 78°
∠𝐵𝐶𝐷 = 102° ..… (1)

T IO S I
NO A D
x = 180° − 102°

CO N
A
= 78°

PY
DO U A
Now in cyclic quadrilateral DCFE
T
x + y = 180°
ED PR

(Opposite angles of a cyclic quadrilateral are supplementary)

C

y = 180° − 78°
©

= 102°

Hence, x = 78° and y = 102°

Question 16: In a cyclic quadrilateral ABCD, if ∠A − ∠C = 60°,

prove that the smaller of two is 60°.
Solution:
It is given that ∠A – ∠C = 60° and ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral.
 T IO S
We have to prove that smaller of two is 60°

I
NO A D
Since ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral

CO N
A
So ∠A + ∠C = 180°

PY
DO U A
(Sum of opposite pair of angles of cyclic quadrilateral is 180°) ...… (1)
T
And,
ED PR

∠A – ∠C = 60° (Given) .… (2)

C

Adding equation (1) and (2) we have

©

2∠𝐴 = 240°
240°
∠𝐴 =
2

= 120°
So, ∠C = 60°
Hence, smaller of two is 60°.

Question 17: In the given figure, ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral. Find the
value of x.
 T IO S I
NO A D
Solution:

CO N
A
Here, ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral, we need to find x.

PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
C
©

In cyclic quadrilateral the sum of opposite angles is equal to 180°.

Therefore,
∠𝐴𝐷𝐶 + ∠𝐴𝐵𝐶 = 180°
⇒ 180° − 80° + 180° − 𝑥 = 180°
⇒ 𝑥 = 100°
Hence, the value of x is 100°.
Question 18: ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral in which:

(i) BC || AD, ∠ADC = 110° and ∠BAC = 50°. Find ∠DAC.

(ii) ∠DBC = 80° and ∠BAC = 40°. Find ∠BCD.

(iii) ∠BCD = 100° and ∠ABD = 70° find ∠ADB.

Solution:

T IO S
(i) It is given that BC || AD, ∠𝐴𝐷𝐶 = 110° and ∠𝐵𝐴𝐶 = 50°

I
NO A D
CO N
A

PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
C

We have to find ∠𝐷𝐴𝐶

©

In cyclic quadrilateral ABCD

∠𝐴 + ∠𝐶 = 180° ..… (1)
∠𝐵 + ∠𝐷 = 180° ..… (2)
Since, ∠𝐴𝐷𝐶 = 110°
So,
∠𝐵 = 180° − ∠𝐷
= 180° − 110°
= 70°
Therefore in ∆ABC, 50° + 70° + ∠𝐵𝐶𝐴 = 180°
So , ∠𝐵𝐶𝐴 = 60° ..… (3)
Now, ∠𝐵𝐶𝐴 = ∠𝐶𝐴𝐷 (BC || AD and AC is transversal)
⇒ ∠𝐵𝐶𝐴 = ∠𝐶𝐴𝐷 = 60°

(ii) It is given that BC || AD, ∠𝐷𝐵𝐶 = 80° and ∠𝐵𝐴𝐶 = 40°

We have to find ∠𝐵𝐶𝐷

T IO S
∠𝐵𝐴𝐶 = ∠𝐵𝐷𝐶 = 40° (Angle in the same segment are equal)

I
∠𝐷𝐶𝐵 = 180° − (80° + 40°)
NO A D
CO N
= 180° − 120°
A
= 60°

PY
DO U A

Hence, ∠𝐵𝐶𝐷 = 60°

T
ED PR

(iii) It is given that, ∠BCD = 100° and ∠ABD = 70°

C
©

As we know that sum of the opposite pair of angles of cyclic quadrilateral

is 180°.
∠𝐷𝐴𝐵 + ∠𝐵𝐶𝐷 = 180°
⇒ ∠𝐷𝐴𝐵 = 180° − 100°
= 80°
In ΔABD we have,
∠𝐷𝐴𝐵 + ∠𝐴𝐵𝐷 + ∠𝐵𝐷𝐴 = 180°
⇒ ∠𝐵𝐷𝐴 = 180° − 150° = 30°
Hence, ∠𝐴𝐵𝐷 = 30°
Question 19: Prove that the circles described on the four sides of a
rhombus as diameters, pass through the point of intersection of its
diagonals.
Solution:
Here, ABCD is a rhombus; we have to prove the four circles described on
the four sides of any rhombus ABCD pass through the point of
intersection of its diagonals AC and BD.

T IO S I
NO A D
CO N
A

PY
DO U A
T
ED PR

Let the diagonals AC and BD intersect at O.

C
©

We know that the diagonals of a rhombus intersect at right angle.

Therefore,
∠𝐴𝑂𝐵 = 90°
∠𝐵𝑂𝐶 = 90°
∠𝐶𝑂𝐷 = 90°
∠𝐴𝑂𝐷 = 90°
Now, ∠𝐴𝑂𝐵 = 90°means that circle described on AB as diameter passes
through O.
Similarly, the remaining three circles with BC, CD and AD as their
diameter will also pass through O.
Hence, all the circles with described on the four sides of any
rhombus ABCD pass through the point of intersection of its
diagonals AC and BD.

Question 20: If the two sides of a pair of opposite sides of a cyclic

quadrilateral are equal, prove that its diagonals are equal.
Solution:

T IO S I
NO A D
CO N
A

PY
DO U A
T
ED PR

To prove: AC = BD
C
©

Proof: We know that equal chords subtend equal at the centre of circle
and the angle subtended by a chord at the centre is twice the angle
subtended by it at remaining part of the circle.
∠𝐴𝑂𝐷 = ∠𝐵𝑂𝐶 (O is the centre of the circle)
∠𝐴𝑂𝐷 = 2∠𝐴𝐶𝐷
and ∠𝐵𝑂𝐶 = 2∠𝐵𝐷𝐶
Since, ∠𝐴𝑂𝐷 = ∠𝐵𝑂𝐶
⇒ ∠𝐴𝐶𝐷 = ∠𝐵𝐷𝐶 ......(1)
∠𝐴𝐶𝐵 = ∠𝐴𝐷𝐵 ......(2) (Angle in the same segment are equal)
Adding (1) and (2)
∠𝐵𝐶𝐷 = ∠𝐴𝐷𝐶 ......(3)
In △ACD and △BDC
𝐶𝐷 = 𝐶𝐷 (common)
∠𝐵𝐶𝐷 = ∠𝐴𝐷𝐶 [Using (3)]
𝐴𝐷 = 𝐵𝐶 (given)
Hence, △ 𝐴𝐶𝐷 ≅ 𝐵𝐷𝐶 (SAS congruency criterion)

T IO S
∴ 𝐴𝐶 = 𝐵𝐷 (cpct)

I
Hence Proved
NO A D
CO N
A
Question 21: Circles are described on the sides of a triangle as

PY
DO U A
diameters. Prove that the circles on any two sides intersect each other
T
on the third side (or third side produced).
ED PR

Solution:
C
©

∠𝐴𝐷𝐵 = 90° (Angle in a semicircle)

∠𝐴𝐷𝐶 = 90° (Angle in a semicircle)
So, ∠𝐴𝐷𝐵 + ∠𝐴𝐷𝐶 = 90° + 90° = 180°
Therefore, BDC is a line.
Hence, the point of intersection of two circles lie on the third side.
Question 22: ABCD is a cyclic trapezium with AD || BC. If ∠B = 70°,
determine other three angles of the trapezium.
Solution:
If in cyclic quadrilateral ∠𝐵 = 70° , then we have to find the other three
angles.

T IO S I
NO A D
CO N
A

PY
DO U A
T
Since, AD is parallel to BC, So, (Alternate interior angles)
ED PR

70 + ∠𝐴 = 180
⇒ ∠𝐴 = 180 − 70 = 110°
C
©

Now, since ABCD is cyclic quadrilateral, so

∠𝐴 + ∠𝐶 = 180
⇒ 110 + ∠𝐶 = 180
⇒ ∠𝐶 = 180 − 110 = 70°
And,
∠𝐵 + ∠𝐷 = 180
⇒ 70 + ∠𝐷 = 180
⇒ ∠𝐷 = 180 − 70 = 110°
Hence, ∠𝐴 = 110°, ∠𝐶 = 70° and ∠𝐷 = 110°
Question 23: In the given figure, ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral in
which AC and BD are its diagonals. If ∠DBC = 55° and ∠BAC = 45°, find
∠BCD.

T IO S I
NO A D
CO N
A
Solution:

PY
DO U A
It is given that ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral with AC and BD as its
T
diagonals.
ED PR
C
©

We have to find ∠BCD.

Since angles in the same segment of a circle are equal
So ∠CAD = ∠DBC = 55°
∠DAB = ∠CAD + ∠BAC
= 55° + 45°
= 100°
Since ∠DAB + ∠BCD = 180° (Opposite angle of cyclic quadrilateral)
∠BCD = 180° - 100°
= 80°
Hence ∠BCD = 80°.

Question 24: Prove that the perpendicular bisectors of the sides of a

cyclic quadrilateral are concurrent.

T IO S
Solution:

I
NO A D
CO N
A

PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
C
©

To prove: Perpendicular bisector of side AB, BC, CD and DA are

concurrent i.e., passes through the same point.
Proof:

We know that the perpendicular bisector of every chord of a circle always

passes through the centre.
Therefore, Perpendicular bisectors of chord AB, BC, CD and DA pass
through the centre which means they all passes through the same point.

Hence, the perpendicular bisector of AB, BC, CD and DA are concurrent.

Question 25: Prove that the centre of the circle circumscribing the
cyclic rectangle ABCD is the point of intersection of its diagonals.
Solution:
Here, ABCD is a cyclic rectangle; we have to prove that the centre of
the corresponding circle is the intersection of its diagonals.

T IO S I
NO A D
CO N
A

PY
DO U A
T
ED PR

Let O be the centre of the circle.

We know that the angle formed in the semicircle is 90°.
C

Since, ABCD is a rectangle, So

©

∠𝐴𝐷𝐶 = ∠𝐷𝐶𝐵 = ∠𝐴𝐵𝐶 = ∠𝐵𝐴𝐷 = 90°

Therefore, AC and BD are diameter of the circle.
We also know that the intersection of any two diameters is the centre of
the circle.
Hence, the centre of the circle circumscribing the cyclic
rectangle ABCD is the point of intersection of its diagonals.

Question 26: ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral in which BA and CD

when produced meet in E and EA = ED. Prove that:
(i) AD || BC

(ii) EB = EC.
Solution:
(i) If ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral in which AB and CD when produced
meet in E such that EA = ED, then we have to prove the
following, AD || BC
(ii) EB = EC

T IO S I
NO A D
CO N
A

PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
C

(i) It is given that EA = ED, so

©

∠𝐸𝐴𝐷 = ∠𝐸𝐷𝐴 = 𝑥
Since, ABCD is cyclic quadrilateral
𝑥 + ∠𝐴𝐵𝐶 = 180
⇒ ∠𝐷𝐴𝐵 = 180 − 𝑥
And; 𝑥 + ∠𝐵𝐶𝐷 = 180
⇒ ∠𝐵𝐶𝐷 = 180 − 𝑥
Now,
∠𝐷𝐴𝐵 + ∠𝐴𝐵𝐶 = 𝑥 + 180 − 𝑥 = 180
Therefore, the adjacent angles ∠𝐷𝐴𝐵 and ∠𝐴𝐵𝐶 are supplementary
Hence, AD || BC

(ii) Since, AD and BC are parallel to each other, so,

∠𝐸𝐶𝐵 = ∠𝐸𝐷𝐴 (Corresponding angles)
∠𝐸𝐵𝐶 = ∠𝐸𝐴𝐷 (Corresponding angles)
But, ∠𝐸𝐷𝐴 = ∠𝐸𝐴𝐷
Therefore, ∠𝐸𝐶𝐵 = ∠𝐸𝐵𝐶

T IO S I
⇒ 𝐸𝐶 = 𝐸𝐵
NO A D
CO N
Therefore, △ECB is an isosceles triangle.
A

PY
DO U A

Question 27: Prove that the angle in a segment shorter than a

T
ED PR

semicircle is greater than a right angle.

Solution:
C
©

̂ is a major arc and ∠PSQ is the angle formed by it in the alternate seg
𝑄𝑃
ment?
We know that the angle subtended by an arc at the centre is twice the an
gle subtended by it at any point of the alternate segment of the circle.
 ̂)
∴ 2∠PSQ = m(𝑄𝑃
̂)
⇒ 2∠PSQ = 360°−m(𝑃𝑄
⇒ 2∠PSQ = 360° − ∠POQ
⇒ 2∠PSQ = 360° − 180° (∵ ∠POQ < 180°)
⇒ 2 ∠P SQ > 180°
⇒ ∠PSQ > 90°

T IO S
Thus, the angle in a segment shorter than a semi-circle is greater than a

I
right angle.
NO A D
CO N
A
Question 28: Prove that the angle in a segment greater than a semi-

PY
DO U A
circle is less than a right angle.
T
ED PR

Solution:
C
©

To prove: ∠ABC is an acute angle

Proof:AD being the diameter of the given circle
⇒ ∠𝐴𝐶𝐷 = 90° [Angle in a semicircle is a right angle]
Now, in △ACD, ∠𝐴𝐶𝐷 = 90°
which means that ∠ADC is an acute angle .......(1)
Again, ∠𝐴𝐵𝐶 = ∠𝐴𝐷𝐶 [Angle in a same segment are always equal]
⇒∠ABC is also an acute angle. [Using (1)]
Hence proved

Question 29: Prove that the line segment joining the mid-point of the
hypotenuse of a right triangle to its opposite vertex is half the
hypotenuse.
Solution:

T IO S
1
We have to prove that 𝐵𝑃 = 𝐴𝐶

I
2

NO A D
CO N
A

PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
C
©

Let ∆ABC be a right angle at B and P be midpoint of AC

Draw a circle with center at P and AC diameter
Since ∠𝐴𝐵 = 90° therefore circle passing through B
So BP = CP = radius
⇒ 𝐴𝑃 = 𝐵𝑃 = 𝐶𝑃
Hence
1
𝐵𝑃 = 𝐴𝐶 Proved.
2
 VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPES QUESTION (VSAQs)
Page number 16.89

Question 1: In figure, two circles intersect at A and B. The centre of

the smaller circle is O and it lies on the circumference of the larger
circle. If ∠APB = 70°, find ∠ACB.

T IO S I
NO A D
CO N
A

PY
DO U A
T
ED PR

Solution:
C

By degree measure theorem: ∠AOB = 2 ∠APB

©

so, ∠AOB = 2 × 70° = 140°

Since AOBC is a cyclic quadrilateral, we have
∠ACB + ∠AOB = 180°
∠ACB + 140° = 180°
∠ACB = 40°

Question 2: In figure, two congruent circles with centres O and O’

intersect at A and B. If ∠AO’B = 50°, then find ∠APB.
 T IO S
Solution:

I
NO A D
As we are given that, both the triangle is congruent which means their

CO N
A
corresponding angles are equal.

PY
Therefore, ∠AOB = AO’B = 50°
DO U A
T
Now, by degree measure theorem, we have
ED PR

∠𝐴𝑂𝐵
∠APB = = 250
2
C
©

Question 3: In figure, ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral in which ∠BAD

= 75°, ∠ABD = 58° and ∠ADC = 77°, AC and BD intersect at P. Then,
find ∠DPC.
Solution:
∠DBA = ∠DCA = 580 … (1)
[Angles in same segment]
ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral:
Sum of opposite angles = 180 degrees
∠A + ∠C = 1800
750 + ∠C = 1800

T IO S I
∠C = 1050
NO A D
CO N
Again, ∠ACB + ∠ACD = 1050
A
∠ACB + 580 = 1050

PY
DO U A

or ∠ACB = 470 … (2)

T
ED PR

Now, ∠ACB = ∠ADB = 470 [Angles in same segment]

Also, ∠D = 770 (Given)
C
©

Again from figure, ∠BDC + ∠ADB = 770

∠BDC + 470 = 770
∠BDC = 300
In triangle DPC
∠PDC + ∠DCP + ∠DPC = 1800
300 + 580 + ∠DPC = 1800
or ∠DPC = 920. Answer!!

Question 4: In figure, if ∠AOB = 80° and ∠ABC = 30°, then find

∠CAO.
 T IO S I
Solution:
NO A D
CO N
Given: ∠AOB = 800 and ∠ABC = 300
A

PY
To find: ∠CAO
DO U A

Join OC.
T
ED PR

Central angle subtended by arc AC = ∠COA

then ∠COA = 2×∠ABC = 2 × 300 = 600 …(1)
C
©

In triangle OCA,
OC = OA [same radii]
∠OCA = ∠CAO … (2)
[Angle opposite to equal sides]
In triangle COA,
∠OCA + ∠CAO + ∠COA = 1800
From (1) and (2), we get
2∠CAO + 600 = 1800
∠CAO = 600
Question 5: In the given figure, A is the centre of the circle. ABCD is
a parallelogram and CDE is a straight line. Find ∠BCD : ∠ABE.

T IO S I
NO A D
CO N
A
Solution:

PY
It is given that ‘ABCD’ is a parallelogram. But since ‘A’ is the centre of
DO U A

the circle, the lengths of ‘AB’ and ‘AD’ will both be equal to the radius of
T
ED PR

the circle.
C
©

So, we have AB = AD.

Whenever a parallelogram has two adjacent sides equal then it is a
rhombus.
So ‘ABCD’ is a rhombus.
Let ∠𝐵𝐷𝐸 = 𝑥°.
We know that in a circle the angle subtended by an arc at the centre of the
circle is double the angle subtended by the arc in the remaining part of the
circle.
By this property we have
∠𝐵𝐴𝐷 = 2(∠𝐵𝐷𝐸 )
∠𝐵𝐴𝐷 = 2𝑥°
In a rhombus the opposite angles are always equal to each other.

T IO S
So, ∠𝐵𝐴𝐷 = ∠𝐵𝐶𝐸 = 2𝑥°

I
NO A D
Since the sum of all the internal angles in any triangle sums up to 180° in

CO N
triangle ∆BEC, we have
A
∠𝐵𝐸𝐶 + ∠𝐵𝐶𝐸 + ∠𝐸𝐵𝐶 = 180°

PY
DO U A

∠𝐸𝐵𝐶 = 180° − ∠𝐵𝐸𝐶 − ∠𝐵𝐶𝐸

T
ED PR

= 180° − 𝑥° − 2𝑥°
∠𝐸𝐵𝐶 = 180° − 3𝑥°
C
©

In the rhombus ‘ABCD’ since one pair of opposite angles are ‘2𝑥°’ the
other pair of opposite angles have to be (180° − 2𝑥°)
From the figure we see that,
∠𝐸𝐵𝐶 + ∠𝐴𝐵𝐸 = ∠𝐴𝐵𝐶
∠𝐴𝐵𝐸 = ∠𝐴𝐵𝐶 − ∠𝐸𝐵𝐶
= 180° − 2𝑥° − (180° − 3𝑥°)
∠𝐴𝐵𝐸 = 𝑥°
So now we can write the required ratio as,
∠𝐵𝐶𝐷 2𝑥°
=
∠𝐴𝐵𝐸 𝑥°
∠𝐵𝐶𝐷 2
=
∠𝐴𝐵𝐸 1

Hence the ratio between the given two angles is 2: 1.

Question 6: In the given figure, AB is a diameter of the circle such

that ∠A = 35° and ∠Q = 25°, find ∠PBR.

T IO S I
NO A D
CO N
A
Solution:

PY
DO U A
Let us first consider the triangle ΔABQ.
T
ED PR
C
©

It is known that in a triangle the sum of all the interior angles add up to
180°.
So here in our triangle ΔABQ we have,
∠𝐵𝐴𝑄 + ∠𝐴𝑄𝐵 + ∠𝐴𝐵𝑄 = 180°
∠𝐴𝐵𝑄 = 180° − ∠𝐵𝐴𝑄 − ∠𝐴𝑄𝐵
= 180° − 35° − 25°
∠𝐴𝐵𝑄 = 120°
By a property of the circle we know that an angle formed in a semi-circle
will be 90°.
In the given circle since ‘AB’ is the diameter of the circle the angle ∠𝐴𝑃𝐵
which is formed in a semi-circle will have to be 90°.
So, we have ∠𝐴𝑃𝐵 = 90°
Now considering the triangle ∆APB we have,
∠𝐴𝑃𝐵 + ∠𝐵𝐴𝑃 + ∠𝐴𝐵𝑃 = 180°
∠𝐴𝐵𝑃 = 180° − ∠𝐴𝑃𝐵 − ∠𝐵𝐴𝑃
= 180° − 90° − 35°

T IO S
∠𝐴𝐵𝑃 = 55°

I
NO A D
From the given figure it can be seen that,

CO N
A
∠𝐴𝐵𝑃 + ∠𝑃𝐵𝑄 = ∠𝐴𝐵𝑄

PY
DO U A
∠𝑃𝐵𝑄 = ∠𝐴𝐵𝑄 − ∠𝐴𝐵𝑃
T
ED PR

= 120° − 55°
∠𝑃𝐵𝑄 = 65°
C

Now, we can also say that,

©

∠𝑃𝐵𝑄 + ∠𝑃𝐵𝑅 = 180°

∠𝑃𝐵𝑅 = 180° − ∠𝑃𝐵𝑄
= 180° − 65°
∠𝑃𝐵𝑅 = 115°
Hence the measure of the angle ∠𝑃𝐵𝑅 is 115°.

Question 7: In the given figure, P and Q are centres of two circles

intersecting at B and C. ACD is a straight line. Then, ∠BQD =
Solution:
Consider the circle with the centre ‘P’.

T IO S I
The angle subtended by an arc at the centre of the circle is double the
NO A D
angle subtended by the arc in the remaining part of the circle.

CO N
A

PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
C
©

So, here we have

∠𝐴𝑃𝐵
∠𝐴𝐶𝐵 =
2
150°
=
2

∠𝐴𝐶𝐵 = 75°
Since ‘ACD’ is a straight line, we have
∠𝐴𝐶𝐵 + ∠𝐵𝐶𝐷 = 180°
∠𝐵𝐶𝐷 = 180° − ∠𝐴𝐶𝐵
= 180° − 75°
∠𝐵𝐶𝐷 = 105°
Now let us consider the circle with centre ‘Q’. Here let ‘E’ be any point
on the circumference along the major arc ‘BD’. Now ‘CBED’ forms a
cyclic quadrilateral.
In a cyclic quadrilateral it is known that the opposite angles are
supplementary, meaning that the opposite angles add up to 180°.
So here,
∠𝐵𝐶𝐷 + ∠𝐵𝐸𝐷 = 180°

T IO S
∠𝐵𝐸𝐷 = 180° − ∠𝐵𝐶𝐷

I
= 180° − 105°
NO A D
CO N
∠𝐵𝐸𝐷 = 75°
A
The angle subtended by an arc at the centre of the circle is double the

PY
DO U A
angle subtended by the arc in the remaining part of the circle.
T
ED PR

So, now we have

∠𝐵𝑄𝐷 = 2∠𝐵𝐸𝐷
C

= 2(75)°
©

∠𝐵𝑄𝐷 = 150°
Hence, the measure of ∠𝐵𝑄𝐷 is 150°.

Question 8: In the given figure, if O is the circumcentre of ∠ABC, then

find the value of ∠OBC + ∠BAC.
 T IO S I
Solution:
NO A D
CO N
A

PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
C
©

Since, O is the circumcentre of △ABC△ABC, So, O would be centre of

the circle passing through points A, B and C.
∠ABC = 90° (Angle in the semicircle is 90°)

⇒ ∠𝑂𝐴𝐵 + ∠𝑂𝐵𝐶 = 90° .....(1)

As OA = OB (Radii of the same circle)

∴ ∠𝑂𝐴𝐵 = ∠𝑂𝐵𝐴 (Angle opposite to equal sides are equal)

or, ∠𝐵𝐴𝐶 = ∠𝑂𝐵𝐴
From (1)
∠𝐵𝐴𝐶 + ∠𝑂𝐵𝐶 = 90°

Question 9: If the given figure, AOC is a diameter of the circle and

𝟏
arc AXB = arc BYC. Find ∠BOC.
𝟐

T IO S I
NO A D
CO N
A

PY
DO U A
T
ED PR

Solution:
C

We need to find ∠BOC

©

1
arc 𝐴𝑋𝐵 = 𝑎𝑟𝑐 𝐵𝑌𝐶,
2
1
∠𝐴𝑂𝐵 = ∠𝐵𝑂𝐶
2
Also ∠𝐴𝑂𝐵 + ∠𝐵𝑂𝐶 = 180°
1
Therefore, ∠𝐵𝑂𝐶 + ∠𝐵𝑂𝐶 = 180°
2
2
⇒ ∠𝐵𝑂𝐶 = × 180° = 120°
3

Question 10: In the given figure, ABCD is a quadrilateral inscribed in

a circle with centre O. CD is produced to 𝑬 such that ∠AED = 95° and

T IO S
∠OBA = 30°. Find ∠OAC.

I
NO A D
CO N
A

PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
C
©

Solution:
We are given ABCD is a quadrilateral with center O, ∠ADE = 95°
and ∠OBA = 30°
We need to find ∠OAC
We are given the following figure
 T IO S I
Since ∠ADE = 95°
NO A D
CO N
⇒ ∠ADC = 180 ° − 95° = 85°
A
Since squad; ABCD is cyclic quadrilateral

PY
DO U A

This means
T
ED PR

∠ABC + ∠ADC = 180°

⇒ ∠𝐴𝐵𝑂 + ∠𝑂𝐵𝐶 + ∠𝐴𝐷𝐶 = 180°
C
©

⇒ 30 + ∠𝑂𝐵𝐶 + 85° = 180°

⇒ ∠𝑂𝐵𝐶 = 180° − 115° = 65°
Since OB = OC (radius)
⇒ ∠OBC = ∠OCB = 65°
In ΔOBC
∠𝐵𝑂𝐶 + ∠𝑂𝐵𝐶 + ∠𝑂𝐵𝐶 = 180°
∠𝐵𝑂𝐶 + 2∠𝑂𝐵𝐶 = 180°
∠𝐵𝑂𝐶 + 2 × 65 = 180°
⇒ ∠𝐵𝑂𝐶 = 180° − 130°
⇒ ∠𝐵𝑂𝐶 = 50°
Since ÐBAC and ÐBOC are formed on the same base which is chord.
So
∠𝐵𝑂𝐶
∠𝐵𝐴𝐶 =
2
50
=
2

∠𝐵𝐴𝐶 = 25°
Consider ΔBOA which is isosceles triangle.

T IO S
∠OAB = 30°

I
NO A D
⇒ ∠𝑂𝐴𝐶 + ∠𝐵𝐴𝐶 = 30°

CO N
A
⇒ ∠𝑂𝐴𝐶 + 25 = 30°

PY
DO U A
⇒ ∠𝑂𝐴𝐶 = 5°
T
ED PR
C
©