Name Pd

Forces and Laws of Motion

Worksheet 4.4 – Equilibrium Applications of Newton’s Laws
Solve the following problems on another sheet of paper. Include the steps outlined in class as part of your
solution (large, clear Free Body Diagram, resolve forces into components, use hatch marks to indicate equal
forces, apply Newtons 2nd Law to each direction).

1. Exactly three forces act on an object: 12.0 Newtons to the North, 30.0 Newtons to the East, and 14.0
Newtons to the West. What is the magnitude and direction of the single force that could be added to the
object to put it into equilibrium?
F2=30N
N F42  122  162  400 tanq  12 / 16
q
F3=14N
W E F4  20 N q  37o
F1=12N
F4=? F4 = 20N, 37o SofW
S

2. Determine the tension in each cable in each of the following cases.

Case A Case B

Fy  0 Fy 0
FT FT FT
FT  Fg  0 2 FT  Fg 0
5 kg FT  Fg 2 FT  Fg  mg  5(9.8)
 mg  5(9.8) 2 FT  49 N
FT  49 N FT  24.5 N
Fg=mg
Fg=mg

Case C FT1
Look at each hanging ball separately
4kg mass
Fy  0
FT 2  Fg  39.2 N 7kg

7kg mass FT2

Fy 0 FgTop
FT 1  FT 2  Fg 0
FT2
FT 1  FT 2  Fg  39.2  68.6
4kg
FT 1  107.8 N

FgBott
3. The object hung from the cable has a weight of 25 N FTy FTy
a. What is the tension in the cable? Object is hanging at FT FT
rest so it is in equilibrium. The horizontal
components of the tension are the only two forces in 30o 30o
the x-direction so they must be equal and opposite.
Because both the horizontal components and the angle FTx FTx
of the tension is the same, the tensions in each rope
must be the same.
Fy  0
2 FTy  Fg  0
2 FT sin 30  25 Fg=25N
FT  25 N

b. Repeat the problem above with a 5° angle. How does the tension compare? The vertical components of
the tension support the weight. At a shallower angle, less of the tension force will be directed vertically
so the tension in the ropes will have to increase to still support the weight.
Fy  0
2 FTy  Fg  0
2 FT sin 5  25
FT  143N
4. The cable to the left exerts a 30 N force. The cables transfer the forces to
the meeting point so that is where the FBD should be drawn. This is an
equilibrium situation so there are no net forces in any direction.
T2y
a. What is the value of T2? F  0
x
T1  T2 x

///
30  T2 cos 60
T2  60 N T2x

///
b. What is the force of gravity acting on the ball?
Fy 0
W  T2 y
W
W  T2 sin 60  60 sin 60
W  52 N
5. A person pulls on a 50 kg desk with a 200N force acting at 30° angle above the horizontal. The desk does
not budge. FN

Fpull=200N

fS Fpull y
30o
Fpull x

Fg=mg=490N
 a. Determine the value of the frictional force.
Fx 0
 f S  FPullx 0
fS  FPullx  FPull cos 30  200 cos 30
fS  173.2 N
b. Determine the normal force.
Fy  0
FN  FPully  Fg  0
FN  FPull sin 30  490  0
FN  490  100  390 N

6. Suppose in the diagram above, the person were pushing down at a 30° angle with 200 N of force. The desk
still does not move.
FN

Fpull x
fS
Fpull y 30o

Fpush=200N

a. Determine the value of the frictional force.

Fx 0 Fg=mg=490N
f S  FPushx 0
fS  FPushx  FPush cos 30  200 cos 30  FPush cos 30  200 cos 30
fS  173.2 N
b. Determine the normal force.
Fy  0
FN  FPushy  Fg  0
FN  FPush sin 30  490  0
FN  490  100  590 N
 FN
7. A man pulls a 50 kg box at constant Fpull=200N
speed across the floor. He applies a
200 N force at an angle of 30°. Fpull y fK
30o
Fpull x

a. What is the value of the frictional force opposing the motion?

Since the box is being pulled at a constant velocity across the floor, Fg=mg=490N
there is no acceleration and therefore no net force on the box
Fx 0
f K  FPullx 0
fK  FPullx  FPull cos 30  200 cos 30
fK  173.2 N
b. What is the value of the normal force?
Fy  0
FN  FPully  Fg  0
FN  FPull sin 30  490  0
FN  490  100  390 N
8. A man pushes a 2.0 kg broom at constant speed across the floor. The broom handle makes a 50° angle with
the floor. He pushes the broom with a 5.0 N force.

FN

fK

50o

Fg=mg=19.6N
Fpush=5.0N
a. What is the value of the normal force?
Fy  0
FN  FPushy  Fg  0
FN  FPush sin 50  19.6  0
FN  3.8  19.6  23.4 N
b. What is the value of the frictional force opposing the motion?
Since the box is being pulled at a constant velocity across the floor, there is no net force on the box
Fx  0
f K  FPushx
 FPush cos 50  5.0 cos 50
f K  3.2 N
c. If the frictional force were suddenly reduced to zero, what would happen to the broom?
The broom would accelerate forward due to the net force of the push and slip out

9. The box on the frictionless ramp is held at rest by FN

the tension force. The mass of the box is 20 kg.
a. What is the value of the tension force? FT
Fx  0
Fgx=mgsin30
FT  Fgx
 Fg sin 30  mg sin 30
Fgy=mgcos30 30o
FT  98 N

b. What is the value of the normal force? Fg

Fy  0
FN  Fgy
 Fg cos 30  mg cos 30
FN  169.7 N

10. In the system below the pulley and ramp are frictionless and the block is in static equilibrium. What is the
mass of the block on the ramp?

FN

FT
FT
Hanging block: FT = Fg = 196N Fgx=mgsin35
On Incline: 35o
35o
Fx  0
Fgy=mgcos35
 FT  Fgx  0 Fg=mg =196N
Fg=mg
FT  Fgx
196  Fg sin 35  mg sin 35
m  34.9kg