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Australia Bili

Australia is an island continent located in the Southern Hemisphere. It is a federation comprised of 6 states and 2 territories, with a majority of its 25 million inhabitants living in cities along the coast. Aboriginal culture has a deep spiritual connection to the land, while agriculture, mining, and tourism are important industries.

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56 views2 pages

Australia Bili

Australia is an island continent located in the Southern Hemisphere. It is a federation comprised of 6 states and 2 territories, with a majority of its 25 million inhabitants living in cities along the coast. Aboriginal culture has a deep spiritual connection to the land, while agriculture, mining, and tourism are important industries.

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nikol
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AUSTRALIA

Australia is the world’s only island continent lying in the Southern hemisphere. It is a member of
the Commonwealth of Nations and according to the Constitution, Queen Elizabeth II is formally
Queen of Australia and is represented by a Governor-General, who exercises the legal power.

The Australian flag is dark blue with the flag of the UK in the top left
corner and a large seven- pointed star in the lower left side, which has
a point for each six states and one for the territories. On the right side
of the flag is the “southern cross” star constellation (you can only see in
the southern hemisphere) – one smaller star and four larger ones making
a cross.

Australia is a federation of

6 states: Western Australia


South Australia
New South Wales
Victoria
Queensland
Tasmania and

2 territories:
T he Northern Territory
The Australian Capital Territory

Captain James Cook discovered the eastern part of the country in 1770. He landed in Botany.
Today you can see a big monument there. He named the area New South Wales – at present this is
the most developed part of Australia.

The majority of 25 million inhabitants, colloquially known


as Aussies, live in the large cities on the coast – in Sydney
(the biggest city of Australia), Melbourne, Brisbane,
Adelaide and Perth, because two-thirds of the country,
mostly in the centre and the west, is desert. The only big
city in the interior is the capital - Canberra. Australian’s
lifestyle reflects predominantly Western origin of its
people, having a similar lifestyle to Western Europe and
North America. Australian society is a typical example of a
multicultural society being home to people of many
different ethnic origins, religious and national origins.
About 90 per cent of the population comes from European
backgrounds, around 7 per cent from Asia and only around 2 per cent are the original inhabitants
Aborigines.

Aboriginal culture was, and still is, a culture based on a deep and strong
spiritual life and traditions, which link them to the ancient land around
them. They are famous for their art – cave drawings, painting and
engraving on rock, and their curved stick called boomerang that flies in a
circle and comes back to you when you throw it. Boomerangs have been
historically used for hunting, as well as sport and entertainment.
The flat, hot centre of AUS is called the “outback”. This area is
more than 2/3 of the country but its population is less than 60,000.
Most of the people work on huge cattle and sheep farms. Because of the vast distances between
cities and the sparse population, normal schools are not available for pupils but The School of the
Air fulfills this need. Teachers broadcast lessons via satellite to radios in homes across the
continent. Primary and emergency medical care is delivered by the Royal Flying Doctor Service
of Australia; planes fly to remote areas of the Outback that do not have doctors.

Australia is the greatest producer of wool in the world and this wool is valued for its high quality.
Sheep were brought from Europe soon after the first immigrants settled. It was found that sheep
could exist in such dry climate as the Australian interior has. Agriculture has always been very
important to the economy, with cereal crops, maize, fruit, vegetable, sugar-cane and livestock
producing wool, meat and dairy products. There are significant mineral resources including coal,
copper, iron, lead and zinc.

Thinking about Australian animals, cute koalas will come to mind. It is


a typical animal feeding on the leaves of eucalyptus, which is a
distinctive tree for this country.
Another native animal is the kangaroo. As a symbol of Australia it
appears also on the Australian coat of arms.

The people of Australia like to live outdoors as the climate is temperate and makes outdoor life
easy. During the hot summer days the inhabitants are given opportunity to refresh themselves in
the sea and to relax on the sandy beaches – Bondi, Manly or Palm Beach. The most popular sports
are surfing, rugby, Australian football, tennis and swimming.

SYDNEY is the busiest centre of Australia. It is the main port and has more than 3 mil.
inhabitants. One of the world’s most recognisable buildings – the Sydney Opera House, which is a
multi-venue performing arts centre, stands in the bay near Harbour Bridge. The roof looks like
sails. With over 40 shows a week there's something for everyone. The visitors are offered to visit
theatre performances, concerts, restaurants and much more.

One of the best known landmarks is Uluru, or Ayers


Rock, a massive sandstone rock, the biggest monolith
in the world, lying in the middle of the desert. Uluru
is notable for appearing to change colour at different
times of the day and year, most notably when it glows
red at dawn and sunset. It is a sacred place for local
Aborigines. Uluru is listed as a UNESCO World
Heritage Site.

The Great Barrier Reef is one of the seven wonders


of the natural world, being the world’s largest coral
reef widely visited because of its underwater beauty.
A visitor can enjoy many experiences including
snorkelling, scuba diving, educational trips, cruise ship
tours, whale watching and swimming with dolphins.
But The Reef is highly vulnerable. In the past three
decades, it has lost half of its coral cover, pollution
has caused deadly starfish outbreaks, and global
warming has produced horrific coral bleaching.

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