CS1 Discrete Random Variables Chapter - 1 [PART1]

𝑸𝒖𝒆𝒔𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝟏: 𝐹𝑜𝑢𝑟 𝑏𝑎𝑑 𝑎𝑝𝑝𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑚𝑖𝑥𝑒𝑑 𝑎𝑐𝑐𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑦 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ 20 𝑔𝑜𝑜𝑑 𝑎𝑝𝑝𝑙𝑒𝑠. 𝑂𝑏𝑡𝑎𝑖𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑏𝑎𝑏𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑏𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟
𝑜𝑓 𝑏𝑎𝑑 𝑎𝑝𝑝𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑖𝑛 𝑎 𝑑𝑟𝑎𝑤 𝑜𝑓 2 𝑎𝑝𝑝𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑎𝑡 𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜𝑚.

𝑸𝒖𝒆𝒔𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝟐: 𝐴 𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑣𝑒𝑦 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑜𝑣𝑒𝑟 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑡 25 𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑠 𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 𝑖𝑛 10 𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑤𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑤𝑎𝑠 𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑑, 𝑖𝑛 8 𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑠 𝑖𝑡 𝑤𝑎𝑠
𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑑 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑖𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑟𝑒𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑛𝑔 7 𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑠 𝑖𝑡 𝑤𝑎𝑠 𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑦 𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑑. 𝐴 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑎𝑛𝑦 𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑙𝑠 1000 𝑤𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑎𝑡𝑠 𝑖𝑛 𝑎 𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑑 𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟, 1300 𝑖𝑛 𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑑 𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟
𝑎𝑛𝑑 2000 𝑖𝑛 𝑎 𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑦 𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑑 𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟. 𝑌𝑜𝑢 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑑 𝑡𝑜 𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑙𝑦 𝑒𝑥𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑓𝑖𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑎𝑛𝑦 𝑖𝑓 𝑎 𝑤𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑎𝑡 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑠
𝑅𝑠. 1730 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑖𝑡 𝑖𝑠 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑑 𝑡𝑜 𝑠𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑠 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑅𝑠. 2480.

𝑸𝒖𝒆𝒔𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝟑: 𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑡𝑒𝑛 𝑡𝑜𝑘𝑒𝑛𝑠 𝑖𝑛 𝑎 𝑏𝑎𝑔. 𝑆𝑖𝑥 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑚 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑤𝑟𝑜𝑡ℎ 𝑅𝑠 5 𝑒𝑎𝑐ℎ. 𝑇ℎ𝑒 𝑜𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟 𝑓𝑜𝑢𝑟 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 𝑤ℎ𝑖𝑐ℎ
𝑖𝑠 𝑢𝑛𝑘𝑛𝑜𝑤𝑛. 𝐼𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑒𝑥𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑑𝑟𝑎𝑤𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑎 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒 𝑡𝑜𝑘𝑒𝑛 𝑖𝑠 𝑅𝑠 4. 𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑢𝑛𝑘𝑛𝑜𝑤𝑛 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒.

𝑸𝒖𝒆𝒔𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝟒: 𝐴 𝑑𝑖𝑒 𝑖𝑠 𝑡𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑒𝑑 𝑡𝑤𝑖𝑐𝑒. 𝐺𝑒𝑡𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 ‘𝑎 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑔𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑛 4’ 𝑖𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑑 𝑎 𝑠𝑢𝑐𝑐𝑒𝑠𝑠. 𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑛 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒
𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑏𝑎𝑏𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑏𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑢𝑐𝑐𝑒𝑠𝑠.

𝑸𝒖𝒆𝒔𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝟓: 𝑇ℎ𝑒 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑖𝑛𝑗𝑢𝑟𝑦 𝑐𝑙𝑎𝑖𝑚𝑠 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑚𝑜𝑛𝑡ℎ 𝑖𝑠 𝑚𝑜𝑑𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑦 𝑎 𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜𝑚 𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑁 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ
1
𝑃(𝑁 = 𝑛) = , 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑛 ≥ 0
(𝑛 + 1)(𝑛 + 2)
𝐷𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑏𝑎𝑏𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑎𝑡 𝑙𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑡 𝑜𝑛𝑒 𝑐𝑙𝑎𝑖𝑚 𝑑𝑢𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑎 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑚𝑜𝑛𝑡ℎ, 𝑔𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 ℎ𝑎𝑣𝑒 𝑏𝑒𝑒𝑛 𝑎𝑡 𝑚𝑜𝑠𝑡 𝑓𝑜𝑢𝑟 𝑐𝑙𝑎𝑖𝑚𝑠
𝑑𝑢𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 𝑚𝑜𝑛𝑡ℎ.

𝑸𝒖𝒆𝒔𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝟔: 𝐴𝑛 𝑖𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑝𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑐𝑦 𝑝𝑎𝑦𝑠 100 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑑𝑎𝑦 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑢𝑝 𝑡𝑜 3 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠 𝑜𝑓 ℎ𝑜𝑠𝑝𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑧𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑎𝑛𝑑 50 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑒𝑎𝑐ℎ 𝑑𝑎𝑦 𝑜𝑓
ℎ𝑜𝑠𝑝𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑧𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑓𝑡𝑒𝑟, 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠 𝑜𝑓 ℎ𝑜𝑠𝑝𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑧𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛, 𝑋, 𝑖𝑠 𝑎 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑒 𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜𝑚 𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑏𝑎𝑏𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
6−𝑘
𝑃(𝑋 = 𝑘 ) = , 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑘 = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
15
𝐷𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑒𝑥𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑝𝑎𝑦𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑓𝑜𝑟 ℎ𝑜𝑠𝑝𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑧𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑢𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑟 𝑡ℎ𝑖𝑠 𝑝𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑐𝑦.

𝑸𝒖𝒆𝒔𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝟕: 𝐴 𝑚𝑎𝑛 𝑤𝑖𝑛𝑠 𝑎 𝑟𝑢𝑝𝑒𝑒 𝑓𝑜𝑟 ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑑 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑠 𝑎 𝑟𝑢𝑝𝑒𝑒 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑡𝑎𝑖𝑙 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑎 𝑓𝑎𝑖𝑟 𝑐𝑜𝑖𝑛 𝑖𝑠 𝑡𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑒𝑑. 𝑆𝑢𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 ℎ𝑒 𝑡𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑒𝑠 𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑒
𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑞𝑢𝑖𝑡𝑠 𝑖𝑓 ℎ𝑒 𝑤𝑖𝑛𝑠; 𝑏𝑢𝑡 𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑒𝑠 𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑚𝑜𝑟𝑒 𝑖𝑓 ℎ𝑒 𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑒𝑠 𝑜𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑓𝑖𝑟𝑠𝑡 𝑡𝑜𝑠𝑠. 𝑊ℎ𝑎𝑡 𝑖𝑠 ℎ𝑖𝑠 𝑒𝑥𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑤𝑖𝑛𝑛𝑖𝑛𝑔.

𝑸𝒖𝒆𝒔𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝟖: 𝐿𝑒𝑡 𝑌 𝑏𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑎𝑏𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒 𝑑𝑖𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑢𝑝𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑛𝑒𝑑 𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑠 𝑖𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑒𝑥𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑡𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑡𝑤𝑜 𝑑𝑖𝑐𝑒. 𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝐸[𝑌]& 𝑉𝑎𝑟[𝑌]

𝑸𝒖𝒆𝒔𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝟗 ∶ 𝐿𝑒𝑡 𝑋 𝑏𝑒 𝑎 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑒 𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜𝑚 𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑓𝑜𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑏𝑎𝑏𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑏𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛

𝑿 𝟏 𝟐 𝟑 𝟒
𝑷(𝑿 = 𝒙) 𝟎. 𝟒 𝟎. 𝟑 𝟎. 𝟐 𝟎. 𝟏
𝐶𝑎𝑙𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑌, 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑌 = 2𝑋 + 10

𝑸𝒖𝒆𝒔𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝟏𝟎: 𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑡𝑤𝑜 𝑠𝑡𝑢𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠 𝑤ℎ𝑜 𝑐𝑎𝑛 𝑔𝑒𝑡 𝐴, 𝐵 𝑜𝑟 𝐶 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑒. 𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑆𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒 𝑆𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑒 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒𝑠 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑅𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜𝑚
𝑉𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑡𝑢𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠 𝑔𝑒𝑡𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝐴 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑒.

𝑸𝒖𝒆𝒔𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝟏𝟏: 𝐴 𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜𝑚 𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑓𝑜𝑢𝑟 𝑝𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑐𝑦ℎ𝑜𝑙𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑠 𝑖𝑠 𝑡𝑎𝑘𝑒𝑛 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑎 𝑔𝑟𝑜𝑢𝑝 𝑜𝑓 𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡, 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑡ℎ𝑟𝑒𝑒 𝑚𝑒𝑛 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑓𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑤𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛.
𝐷𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑏𝑎𝑏𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑋, 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑓𝑒𝑚𝑎𝑙𝑒 𝑝𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑐𝑦ℎ𝑜𝑙𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑠 𝑖𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒. 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝐹(2).

𝑸𝒖𝒆𝒔𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝟏𝟐: 𝐺𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛 𝑖𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑢𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑏𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑎 𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜𝑚 𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒. 𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑏𝑎𝑏𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑦
𝑀𝒂𝒔𝒔 𝒇𝒖𝒏𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒐𝒇 𝑿
𝟎 𝒙 < −4
𝟎. 𝟓 − 𝟒 ≤ 𝒙 < −2
𝑭(𝒙) = 𝟎. 𝟔𝟓 − 𝟐 ≤ 𝒙 < −1
𝟎. 𝟗𝟓 −𝟏≤ 𝒙< 0
{𝟏 𝒙≥𝟎

𝑸𝒖𝒆𝒔𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝟏𝟑: 𝐴 𝑓𝑎𝑖𝑟 𝑏𝑙𝑢𝑒 𝑑𝑖𝑒 ℎ𝑎𝑠 𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑠 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑑 1,1 ,3, 3, 5 𝑎𝑛𝑑 5 . 𝑇ℎ𝑒 𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜𝑚 𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝐵 𝑟𝑒𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒
𝑏𝑙𝑢𝑒 𝑑𝑖𝑒 𝑖𝑠 𝑟𝑜𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑑.
(i) 𝑊𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑒 𝑑𝑜𝑤𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑏𝑎𝑏𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑏𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝐵 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝐸(𝐵) .

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CS1 Discrete Random Variables Chapter - 1 [PART1]

𝑸𝒖𝒆𝒔𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝟏𝟒: 𝑇ℎ𝑒 𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑒 𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜𝑚 𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑋 𝑐𝑎𝑛 𝑡𝑎𝑘𝑒 𝑜𝑛𝑙𝑦 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 1,2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 3 . 𝐹𝑜𝑟 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑠𝑒 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑢𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒
𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑏𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑖𝑠 𝑑𝑒𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑦
𝑥3 + 𝑘
𝐹(𝑥) = 𝑥 = 1,2,3
40
(𝑎) 𝑆ℎ𝑜𝑤 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 𝑘 = 13
(𝑏)𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑏𝑎𝑏𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑋

𝑸𝒖𝒆𝒔𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝟏𝟓: 𝑇ℎ𝑒 𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜𝑚 𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑋 ℎ𝑎𝑠 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑏𝑎𝑏𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑏𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑔𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛 𝑖𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑡𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑏𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑤

𝑋 −1 0 1 2 3
𝑃(𝑋 = 𝑥) 𝑃 𝑄 0.2 0.15 0.15

𝐺𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 𝐸(𝑋) = 0.55, 𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑝 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑞

𝑸𝒖𝒆𝒔𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝟏𝟔: 𝐿𝑒𝑡 𝑋 𝑏𝑒 𝑎 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑒 𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜𝑚 𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑡𝑎𝑘𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒𝑠 0, 1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 2 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑏𝑎𝑏𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑒𝑠 𝑝, 1 − 2𝑝 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑝
𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑦 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ 0 ≤ 𝑝 ≤ 0.5. 𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑝 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑤ℎ𝑖𝑐ℎ 𝑉𝑎𝑟 (𝑋)𝑤𝑖𝑙𝑙 𝑏𝑒 𝑚𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑚. (3)

𝑸𝒖𝒆𝒔𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝟏𝟕: 𝐼𝑛 𝑎 𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑘 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑛 𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑠, 𝑡ℎ𝑟𝑒𝑒 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑓𝑜𝑢𝑛𝑑 𝑡𝑜 𝑏𝑒 𝑑𝑒𝑓𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒. 𝑇ℎ𝑟𝑒𝑒 𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑠 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑘
𝑎𝑡 𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜𝑚 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑡 𝑟𝑒𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡. 𝑇ℎ𝑒 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑒 𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜𝑚 𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑋 𝑟𝑒𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑑𝑒𝑓𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑠 𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑.
(𝑖) 𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑃(𝑋 = 2).
(𝑖𝑖)𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑏𝑎𝑏𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑋
(𝑖𝑖𝑖) 𝐷𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝐸(𝑋)

SOLUTION

Solution1: the probability distribution of X is:

X 0 1 2
P(X=x) 95/138 40/138 3/138

Solution 2: Rs.10,32,000 Solution 3: $2.5

8 2 4
Solution 4: − ( ) = Solution 5: 2/5
9 3 9
Solution 6: 220 Solution 7: 0
Solution 8: E[Y] = 70/36 and Var [ Y] = 665/324 Solution 9: 4
Solution 10: AA, AB, AC, BA, BB, BC, CA, CB, CC and X : 0,1,2
Solution 11:
Solution 12:
X -4 -2 -1 0
P(X=x) 0.5 0.15 0.3 0.05

Solution 13:
B 1 3 5
P(B=b) 1/3 1/3 1/3
E[B] = 3

Solution 15: 𝑝 = 0.4 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑞 = 0.1

Solution 16: p = 0.5
Solution 17: (i) 12/35
X 0 1 2 3
P(X=x) 4/35 18/35 12/35 1/35
E(X) = 9/7

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