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Cloudopen Liguori

The document discusses QEMU, an open source virtualization engine. It provides a history of QEMU and describes its evolution over time from system emulation to full virtualization support. The document also outlines many features of QEMU including virtual I/O, storage, migration, manageability, security and predictions for its future development.

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Ronald Afandy
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17 views22 pages

Cloudopen Liguori

The document discusses QEMU, an open source virtualization engine. It provides a history of QEMU and describes its evolution over time from system emulation to full virtualization support. The document also outlines many features of QEMU including virtual I/O, storage, migration, manageability, security and predictions for its future development.

Uploaded by

Ronald Afandy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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QEMU 2.

0 and Beyond

CloudOpen 2013
Anthony Liguori <anthony@codemonkey.ws>
About

 QEMU is a fast full system simulator and


virtualization engine

 QEMU is Open Source hardware emulation


 KVM
 Xen
 Android SDK (fork)
 VirtualBox (fork)
 Just about every embedded SDK out there
Quick History

 Started in 2003 by Fabrice Bellard


 Author of FFMPEG, JSLinux, and lots of other cool
things

 Portable Just In Time (JIT) translation engine for


cross architecture emulation

 Quickly grew system emulation


 Starting with PC hardware

 Has been a grass roots, quiet community


Evolution of QEMU

 Linux user emulation


 System emulation
 Replace dyngen → TCG
 Virtualization support
 Management API
 Block layer
 ...
Growth of the Community

 10+ years of community building

 Roller coaster ride

 Inclusiveness
 Wildly different features and missions
 Rich community
 Extremely complex command line
 There be dragons
Growth of the Community
Forks and Merges

 Not always positive


 Minor forks like qemu-kvm and qemu-dm

 A few cases where major forks almost happened

 Tremendous effort merging forks back


 Forks proved importance of compromise
Development Process

 Hierarchical maintainership
 40+ submaintainers
 250+ contributors

 Two month development cycle, one month


stabilization period

 Major releases every 2 years, minor releases


every 3 months
Features

 QEMU is the front line for Cloud


 Xen HVM and all KVM guests

 Primary interface that the guests communicate with


is hardware

 The Linux Kernel unites all distributions


 QEMU unites the Open Cloud
Features – Virtual I/O

 VirtIO
 High speed paravirtual I/O framework
 Designed like hardware
 Network, disk, serial, hwrng, balloon, …
 Undergoing standardization via OASIS

 Emulated I/O still improving


 Improving support for VMware devices and more
Features - Graphics

 VNC and Spice support for remoting


 Javascript clients available
 Native WebSockets support

 Virgl
 3D graphics for guests based on VirtIO
 Still a research project
 Very promising
Features - Storage

 Convergence around qcow2


 New modes and extension mechanism

 Improved support for snapshots

 virtio-blk dataplane
 95% of bare metal performance on large storage
array
Features - Migration

 Convergance algorithm
 Must race guest to complete migration

 New techniques to win against guest


 XBLRE – Compression
 RDMA – Raw performance
 Guest delay – Cheat
Features - Migration

 Live block copy


 Cloud loves local storage
 Migration traditionally requires shared storage
 Live block copy allows movement of local storage

 Live update
 Reduce scheduled downtime by efficiently
performing localhost migration
 Potential to combine with kexec for full system
update
Features - Managability

 QEMU Monitor Protocol (QMP)


 JSON based RPC

 Formally specified in a schema language

 Support for commands and notification

 Rigid compatibility guarantees


Features - Security

 Virtualized hwrng
 Provide better entropy to guests

 Layered security model


 Unprivileged

 Mandatory Access Control via SELinux

 Sandboxed using seccomp mode 2


Features - Core

 QEMU Big Lock


 Introduction of VSMP mirrors Linux kernel

 Systematic break up of big lock to enable better


scalability

 Have used many tricks to avoid it this long

 Unlike Linux, skipping ahead to RCU


Features – Predictions

 Command line interface will be overhauled


 Git style CLI

 GTK GUI will be expanded for desktop usage

 Storage layer will add RAID and rely less on


Linux kernel

 We will solve migration backwards compatibility


QEMU in the Cloud - Consumer

 Should we care about the virtualization layer in


the Cloud?

 Open Virtualization prevents the Cloud from


becoming a Walled Garden

 Guests created on QEMU are portable across


virtualization implementations
 Not true of proprietary hypervisors
QEMU in the Cloud - Vendors

 Cloud is about much more than virtualization


 Why invest is reinventing the wheel?

 Open Source is auditable


 Recent news events make this even more critical

 Ability to contribute to direction of technology


Questions

 Questions
Get Involved

 http://wiki.qemu.org/Contribute/SubmitAPatch

 qemu-devel@nongnu.org

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