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The document discusses a village called Palampur located in Western Uttar Pradesh, India. It provides details about the village's location, land usage, facilities, and farming practices. It also discusses the impact of electricity and irrigation on agriculture in Palampur and how small farmers often take on debt.

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Krishnakant Mishra
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42 views5 pages

1

The document discusses a village called Palampur located in Western Uttar Pradesh, India. It provides details about the village's location, land usage, facilities, and farming practices. It also discusses the impact of electricity and irrigation on agriculture in Palampur and how small farmers often take on debt.

Uploaded by

Krishnakant Mishra
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

Every village in India is surveyed once in ten years during the Census and
some of details are presented in the following format. Fill up the following
based on information on Palampur.
(a) Location – Bulandshahr district, Western Uttar Pradesh
(b) Total Area of the Village – 226 hectares
(c) Land Use(in hectares) – Cultivated Land not available for cultivation (Area
covering dwellings, roads, ponds, grazing ground)

200 hectares –26 hectares

(d) Facilities: Educational: There are two primary schools and one high school
in Palampur.

Medical: A primary health centre was run by the government, also there was a
private dispensary to treat sick people.

Market: Raiganj and Shahpur

Communication: Well-connected with neighbouring villages and towns. 3 kms


from Palampur.

Electricity Supply: Most of the houses had electric connections and it was also
used to run the tube wells in fields.

Nearest Town: Raiganj, because many roads are connected to the Raiganj and
to Shahpur.

2. Modern farming methods require more inputs which are manufactured in


industries. Do you agree?
Yes, it’s true that modern farming needs more things from industries. This is
because modern farming uses special seeds that give more crops, but they
need chemicals like fertilizers and pesticides. Also, they need machines like
tractors and irrigation systems, which are made in industries. But in traditional
farming, they use simpler seeds and natural things like cow dung for fertilizer,
so they don’t need as much from industries.

3. How did the spread of electricity help farmers in Palampur?


The spread of electricity helped farmers in Palampur by transforming their
irrigation system. Before electricity, they used Persian wheels to draw water
from wells for irrigation. However, with the introduction of electricity, electric
tube wells replaced these traditional methods. The government installed the
first tube well, and later, farmers installed their own. This transition enabled
them to efficiently irrigate their fields, leading to increased agricultural
productivity.

4. Is it important to increase the area under irrigation? Why?


Yes, it is really important to water more land for farming. This is because many
people depend on farming for their living, especially in places like India.
Sometimes, the rain doesn’t come when it’s needed, and that can be a big
problem for farmers. By using irrigation to water more land, farmers can grow
crops more reliably, even if there’s not enough rain. This helps them grow
more food and earn a better living. Also, irrigation lets farmers use land that
wouldn’t be good for farming otherwise. So, by watering more land, farmers
can grow more crops, make more money, and keep their families fed.

5. Construct a table on the distribution of land among the 450 families of


Palampur.
The distribution of land among the 450 families of Palampur is as given below:

Area of land Cultivated Number of Families


0 150
Less than 2 hectares 240
More than 2 hectares 60
6. Why are the wages for farm labourers in Palampur less than minimum
wages?
In Palampur, numerous landless farm laborers receive wages below the
government’s mandated minimum. Although the official wage rate is set at Rs
300 per day, the intense competition for available work leads many laborers to
accept lower wages.

7. In your region, talk to two labourers. Choose either farm labourers or


labourers working at construction sites. What wages do they get? Are they
paid in cash or kind? Do they get work regularly? Are they in debt?
The laborers working at construction sites in Palampur receive daily wages of
Rs. 600. They are paid in cash for their regular work and do not have any debts.

8. What are the different ways of increasing production on the same piece of
land? Use examples to explain.
One way to produce more on the same land is by growing more than one crop
in a year, which is called multiple cropping. For example, in Palampur, farmers
grow crops like jowar and bajra during the rainy season, followed by potatoes
between October and December, and wheat during the winter season.

Another way is to use modern farming techniques like high-yielding seeds,


fertilizers, and pesticides to improve crop yields.

Also, having good irrigation systems to provide water to crops throughout the
year can help increase production.

Lastly, planting trees alongside crops, known as agroforestry, can also boost
production and offer other benefits like protecting the soil and supporting
biodiversity.
By using these methods, farmers can produce more food from the same piece
of land.

9. Describe the work of a farmer with 1 hectare of land.


A small farmer has only a hectare of land. Because the land is small, the farmer
may not get much produce. So, the farmer needs money to improve the yield.
The farmer borrows money from a moneylender, but the interest rate is high.
Sometimes, the farmer even has to work for the moneylender. After farming,
the produce is divided for personal use and for selling. Most of the profit goes
to the moneylender, leaving very little for the farmer. The farmer mostly relies
on family for help.

10. How do the medium and large farmers obtain capital for farming? How is it
different from the small farmers?
Large and medium farmers sell extra farm products to earn money. They save
some of this money to buy things they need for farming in the next season.
Some farmers lend their savings to small farmers who need money, but they
charge high interest rates. By the next season, they get back the money they
lent. This way, they use their own savings to get capital for farming. Some
farmers also use their savings to buy things like cattle, trucks, or even set up
shops.

11. On what terms did Savita get a loan from Tejpal Singh? Would Savita’s
condition be different if she could get a loan from the bank at a low rate of
interest?
Savita borrowed money from Tejpal Singh at an interest rate of 24% for four
months. She had to work for Tejpal Singh as a farm labourer during the harvest
season, earning Rs 100 per day.

If Savita had taken the loan from a bank, the situation would have been better.
The interest rate would have been lower than what Tejpal Singh charged. Also,
she would have been able to focus entirely on her own field during the harvest
time.

12. Talk to some old residents in your region and write a short report on the
changes in irrigation and changes in production methods during the last 30
years.
In the last 30 years, there have been many changes in how farms are watered
and how crops are grown. Instead of canals, farmers now use tube wells and
electric pumps to get water. Also, instead of using bullocks, farmers now use
tractors on bigger farms.

13. What are the non-farm production activities taking place in your region?
Make a short list.
The non-farm activities happening in our region are:

General Stores
Dairy Farming
Transportation
Fishing
14. What can be done so that more non-farm production activities can be
started in villages?
Answer – To support the establishment of more non-farm production activities
in villages, several measures can be taken:

Offer loans at lower interest rates for starting these businesses.


Create good markets for selling their products.
Improve transportation links between villages and cities for selling goods and
earning more money.

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