DATA LOGGER

( IRS Specification No. is IRS : S99 / 2006 )

Data logger or, Event logger is a microprocessor based electronic system, which can store
the information of signalling system and reproduce them in user friendly language.

This information are regarding the status of relays and various sources of power
(AC/DC) voltages and D.C. Currents along with date and time. It works like the ‘Black Box ‘of
aeroplane.

Advantages of Data Logger:-

1. Auto right failures which are intermittent in nature can easily be detected with
the help of Data Logger.
2. It helps in analysing the cause of accident or incident.
3. It helps as a ‘Tool’ in preventive maintenance of signalling gears.
4. It helps in detecting failures, where other departments are involved, such as
i) Operational failure
ii) Engineering failure
iii) Electrical failure
iv) Abnormal incidences
5. Over aging of equipment can be calculated in terms of number of operations.
6. Periodical maintenance of signalling gears can be easily monitored.
7. Any wrong doing or Short cut by maintenance staff can be easily detected.
8. On Line & off Line simulations are possible.
9. Data loggers can be connected in network and hence remote monitoring and
generation of reports remotely is possible.
10. Over speeding of train can also detected with the help of Data logger.

Companies manufacturing Data Loggers in India –

1. Efftronics
2. HBL
1.3 COMMON EQUIPMENT FOR ALL DATALOGGERS ARE GIVEN BELOW:
(a) CPU card .
(b) Digital and Analog input cards.
(c) Local terminal.(PC).
(d) communication links.
(e) Printer.
All the dataloggers requires a potential free ( spare ) relay contact for monitoring digital
inputs through Digital input cards & for monitoring Analog inputs such AC/DC bus bar
voltage
levels through Analog input cards.
Digital and Analog inputs are connected to the Processor card. Processor card consists
of memory IC’s. Memory IC’s are programmed as per requirement of the signal engineers.
Provision of Dataloggers is mandatory with RRI systems and is optional for PI systems
as per amendment to the specification for Relay Interlocking systems ( IRS/S-36 ). The data
collected by the datalogger can be used for failure analysis, repetitive discrepancies, and for
accident investigations.
Note:
If the serial communications is more than 50m then line drivers shall be used up to 3 Kms.
4wire leased line Modems shall be used if the serial communication is more than 3 Kms.
1.4 STUDY OF EFFTRONICS DATALOGGER (IRS: S-99/2006)
1.4.1 Technical details
(a) 24V / 12VDC Power Supply.
(b) Total Storage Capacity of 10 Lakh events.
(c) In-built Temperature sensors.
(d) Internal Buzzer for alarming during failures.
(e) Real Time clock with internal battery backup with data retention up to 10 years.
(f) 512 LED matrix to indicate the status of 512 Digital inputs at a time page wise.
(g) Seven segment LCD screen (2x24) to display the status of digital/analog signals,
Time, Temperature etc.,
(h) Using the keyboard, various functions can be viewed in the LCD panel.
(i) Max Digital Inputs 4096.
(j) Max Analog Inputs 96.
(k) Digital Input Scanning Time 16 millisecond
(l) Analog Input Scanning Time is less than 1 Sec
HARDWARE (EQUIPMENT)
Page 3 DATALOGGER, ACD, TPWS, ETCS, AWS
1.4.2 Hardware (Equipment)
Datalogger system consists of:
(a) Datalogger (CPU - with Microprocessor 68000)
(b) Digital input cards.
(c) Dual modem card.
(d) Digital Scanner units (DSU)
(e) Analog Scanner units (ASU)
1.4.3 CPU Card
It is provided with Motorola microprocessor M 68000. It performs all the activities
pertaining to the datalogger. It continuously scans (check) the Digital inputs(inbuilt), Digital
Scanner Units and Analog Scanner Units. i.e., scanning of digital signals (Relay operations)
for
every 16-milli seconds and scanning of analog signals (i.e. AC/DC voltages & DC currents)
for
less than 1 second.
This card will support the I/O interfaces of LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) - 2X24
alphanumeric, Key Board, LED Matrix Display, Real Time Clock.
LCD display and keyboard: This will acts as man machine interface between the datalogger
and the signal engineer. All the operations (Software) can be performed using this LCD
and keyboard.
Real time display with 7 Segments: This is built in real time clock within Datalogger and
its current time will be displayed on six 7-segment display provided. (Real time clock depend
upon DALLAS 1286 chip). This IC will come with internal battery backup; hence there is no
need to add external batteries.
CPU card continuously scans (checks) the DSUs and ASUs. Each input connected to
digital scanner units are optically isolated by Opto couplers. When CPU card scans the
digital
inputs, it compares with the previous stored data and if there is any change from the
previous
status then only that data will be stored (the status / conditions of relay) with date and real
time.
A total of minimum 10 Lac events can be stored in memory on first in first out basis so that
latest data is available in the system. There is no loss of data from datalogger memory in
case
of power supply failure of datalogger.
1.4.4 Digital input cards (in-built)
This system is having maximum 8nos. of inbuilt Digital inputs cards. Maximum 64nos. of
digital inputs can be connected to each digital input card. The potential free relay contact,
may
be front or back contact, terminated at the Tag Block from the relay of signals, tracks, points,
Buttons etc. and are subsequently connected to Digital input cards through Flat Ribbon
Cable
(FRC) connectors. These in-built digital input cards can monitor a total 512 nos. of relays
status.
1.4.5 Digital Scanner Unit (DSU)
Each DSU contains 8 nos. of Digital Input cards. Each input card can be connected with
64 inputs. Total input capacity of DSU unit is 512 inputs. These scanner cards contain Opto
couplers and Multiplexer. Inputs are connected to Stag card. The stag card out put is
connected
to DSU through FRC connectors. Maximum 7 nos. of DSUs can be connected to the system.
So, Digital input capacity of the system is 4096. All these digital inputs are scanned at rate of
16
m.sec.
DATALOGGER
IRISET Page 4
1.4.6 Analog Scanner Unit (ASU)
ASU contains maximum 3 nos. of Analog input cards. Each input card can be connected
with 8nos. of Analog inputs. Total input capacity of the ASU is 24 analog input channels.
Maximum 4nos. of ASUs can be connected to the system. Analog input channel capacity of
the
system is 96. All these analog inputs are scanned at a rate of less than 1 sec.
1.4.7 Parallel port
Parallel port is provided for connecting printer.
1.4.8 RS-232 serial ports
At least 6 Serial communication ports are provided for communication with other
dataloggers, Central Monitoring Unit, Remote Terminal Unit, Electronic Interlocking system,
Integrated Power Supply system etc.
1.4.9 External non-vital Relay contacts
These relays provided in the system where 16 number of the Relay contacts are
provided on the rear panel through Tele control port to extend alarms and to control the
power
equipment from remote or local locations through computer in case of any occurrence of
failures. Each control can sink or source 100 m. amps of current.
1.4.10 Internal modem card / Dual Modem card (in-built)
It is fixed in datalogger Euro rack itself. One card contains two modems. The top
modem is called ANS (answer) modem and the bottom modem is called as ORG (originate)
modem. It is used in case of networking of Dataloggers. In network, connect ‘ANS’ modem
to
the ‘ORG’ modem of one adjacent station and connect ‘ORG’ modem to the ‘ANS’ modem of
other adjacent station.
1.4.11 Power supply
Normally 24V DC (12V DC is optional) supply with battery backup is required for the
system working.
Input Voltage Range 18V…32V DC (For 24V)
9V…18V DC (For 12V)
1.4.12 Input requirements
Relay inputs (digital inputs) and analog inputs (voltages, currents etc.,) are required to
be connected to the system as per the requirements of RRI / PI / SSI as the case may be.
Some of the inputs to be monitored is given below:
(a) Digital inputs:
(i) Field inputs: All TPRs, NWKRs, RWKRs, ECRs, Crank Handle relays, Siding,
Slot, LC gate control relays etc.,
(ii) Control Panel inputs: All button / Knob, SM’s Key relays.
(iii) Internal relays:
British system: All HR, DR, HHR, WNR, WRR, ASR, UCR, RR, LR, UYR,
TLSR, TRSR, TSR, JSLR, JR, etc.,
SIEMENS system: Z1UR, Z1UR1, GZR, ZDUCR, ZU(R)R, ZU(N)PR,G(R)R,
G(N)R, U(R)S, U(N)PS, UDKR, DUCR, U(R)LR, UYR1, UYR2, G(R)LR, GR1,
GR2, GR3, GR4, OVZ2U(R)R, W(R/N)R, (R/N)WLR, Z1NWR, Z1RWR,
Z1WR1. WKR1, WKR2, WKR3, etc.,
(b) Analog channels
(i) 230 V AC (for power supplies in the power panel),
(ii) 110V AC (for Signal and Track transformers),
(iii) 110V DC (for Point operation),
(iv) 60V DC (Siemens relays),
(v) 24V DC (Q-series relays),
(vi) 24V DC (for Block, Axle counters),
(vii) 12V DC (for indication)
(viii) 20A (for point operation current),
(ix) 1.0V AC, 5KHz (for Axle counter channels), etc.
1.4.13 Software Modules of Dataloggers
(a) Network Management of Dataloggers (NMDL).
(b) Reports.
(c) Fault Entry.
(d) Track Offline Simulation.
(e) Train Charting.
DATALOGGER
IRISET Page 6
1.4.14 NMDL Software features
(a) Online Relay Status
(b) Online Faults - To view information of various Online Faults, as they occur in the
stations where the Dataloggers are connected.
(c) Online Simulation - Graphical view of relay operations, train movements, etc.
(d) Remote monitoring of stations with the help of NETWORKING.
1.4.15 Software objectives
(a) Predictive Maintenance.
(b) Easy identification of failures.
(c) Crew discipline.
(d) Train charting.
(a) Predictive Maintenance :
(i) Life Time & Bulb Operations:
- Replacement of equipment as soon as it reaches its end of life
- Estimating the Life of Equipment
- Taking the precautionary measures before hand
(ii) Signal UP/DOWN count:
- The complete statistics of a signal (e.g.: relay). i.e. DOWN time , UP time,
current status, date & time of change in the status etc.
(iii) Predictive Failures:
- Points working HARD. WLR does not change its status from UP to Down
within the given time interval.
- Frequently Bobbing Track circuits
(iv) Quick analysis of Failures :
- List of Faults occurred in each station in the network.
- Alerts in case of Equipment failure.
- Generates audio visual alarms in case of power supply failure or battery
charger defective.
- Report of Fault message, station, occurred date & time, information about
the signals involved in the fault, etc.
- Flashing of the faults on to the screen as per the priority level.
- Details of the personnel who recognized / cleared the faults. Detail Report,
Summary report of faults occurred in each station in the Network for the
user defined time interval for selected date.
SOFTWARE OBJECTIVES
Page 7 DATALOGGER, ACD, TPWS, ETCS, AWS
(b) Easy/Quick identification of Failures :
(i) TPRs:
- Fail
If TPR1, TPR2, TPR3 are in sequence then If TPR1 UP, TPR2 DOWN,
TPR3 UP- Triggering signal is TPR2
- Bobbing
- If TPR is DOWN to UP or UP to DOWN Within the time interval.
(ii) Point Machine:
- Fail
NWKR is down and RWKR is down for more than given time interval.
- Loose packing
When TPR1 is down, then the corresponding NWKR, RWKR should not
change their status. Triggering signals are NWKR, RWKR.
(iii) Signals :
- Blanking – RECR down and HECR down and DECR down for more than
given time interval
- Bulb fusing – After HR / DR goes up and if corresponding ECR is not up
with in the given time interval. Triggering signal is HR.
- Flown back to danger
If TPR is DOWN then RR should be UP, ASPR should be DOWN, DR
should be UP and DECR should be UP.
(iv) Buttons:
- Struck up
After button1 is down, and not up within the given time interval.
- Wrong operation
If not (Button1/Knob Up, Button2/Knob UP) for more than given time
interval.
(v) Other gears :
- Crank handle bobbing
- Axel counter failure: After ASTPPR UP,BPR UP,HS-ATPR UP, If AZTR is
Not Up with in the given time interval.
(vi) Route set failure:
- After button1 is up and button2 is up and signal is not up within the time
interval sequence is checked. Triggering signals are Button1, Button2.
(vii) Route Cancellation failure:
- After button1 is up and button2 is up and route is not cancelled within the
time interval sequence is checked. Triggering signals are Button1, Button2.
DATALOGGER
IRISET Page 8
(viii) Circuit Failure:
- HR Circuit failure. Button1, Button2 are up and after time interval if HR is
DOWN.
(ix) Graphical and textual reports facilitating the online view of operations
performed in various stations.
(x) Quick identification of Analog Parameter failures :
- ANALOG VOLTAGE FLUCTUATIONS.
- Battery Discharge condition.
- Fluctuations in AC causing Fluctuations in DC due to the problem in
charger.
(c) Crew Discipline :
(i) Signal passing at Danger - TPR1 Down, RECR UP and TPR2 Down, TPR1 and
TPR2 are in sequence.
(ii) Train Detained – after signal
(iii) Train Speed
(iv) Train speed in Loop line
(v) Train Stop
(vi) Un-Signal Movement
(vii) Driver Entering into Block Section without Line Clear
(viii) Operation of More than one point at a time
(ix) Point operated with repeated operations
(x) Late Start
(xi) Late Operation
(xii) Premature Operation
(xiii) Route Cancellation
(xiv) Point Maintenance
(xv) Time difference between Timer Relays in case of Route Cancellation – with the
help of Log-Off Reports
(d) Train Charting :
Tracking
Plotting
Prediction
Reports
(i) Considerations for Auto Train Tracking :
- Physical Definition of stations in terms of routes.
- Sequential drop times of relays including tracks, points received from the
Datalogger network.
- Logics for proving sequential train movement in the software.
TRAIN CHARTING
Page 9 DATALOGGER, ACD, TPWS, ETCS, AWS
(ii) Features in Control chart Plotting :
- Vector model graph ( Distance Vs. Time )
- Dual monitor connected to a single PC for viewing chart and entry screens
separately.
- Tagging of trains at network entry points only once.
- Detailed reporting system enabling punctuality, NTKM, WKM, etc.,
- Powerful editing tools.
(iii) Considerations for Train Predictions/Planning :
- Working Time Table
- MRT & NRT (Minimum and Normal running times of trains in different block
sections).
- Actual and Restricted Speeds.
- Line Occupancy.
- Preferences of trains.
- Ongoing un-usual.
(iv) Train Charting-REPORTS:
- Punctuality report
- Trains List
- Caution order report
- Blocks report
1.4.16 The datalogger equipment is capable of generating following exception reports:
(a) Battery Low voltage.
(b) Battery charger defective.
(c) Under wheel flashing of points.
(d) Signal lamp failure.
(e) Blanking of signals.
(f) Route section not released after passage of train due to track circuit failure.
(g) Point failure point detection not available after set time period.
(h) Track circuit failure.
(i) Fuse blown OFF.
(j) Timer not properly set for 120 Sec.
(k) Sluggish relay operation.
(l) Signal cable low insulation.
(m) Route not set when operations valid.
(n) Push button stuck.
(o) Signal over shoot.
(p) Wrong operation.
(q) Axle counter RX low level.
(r) Bobbing of track, point, signal, crank handle, level X-ing or Ground frame repeater
relay.
(s) Point repeated operation.
(t) Non-sequential shunting of tracks.
DATALOGGER
IRISET Page 10
1.4.17 VARIOUS FAULT LOGICS USED IN RAILWAYS
S/No. FAULT NAME FAULT DESCRIPTION
1 SIGNAL BOBBING
The time difference between ECR (UP to DOWN to
UP)is in between 500 ms.to 2 seconds which should
be taken as 1 count and for satisfying the fault logic 2
to 3 counts should happen within 10 seconds
2 TRACK BOBBING
The time difference between TPR (UP to DN to UP)is
in between 50 ms to 1second which should be taken
as 1 count and for satisfying the fault logic 2 to 3
counts should happen within 10 seconds.
3 Point Bobbing
The time difference of (NWKR/RWKR) (Up to Down
to Up) is in between 500 ms to 2 seconds which
should be taken as 1 count and for satisfying the fault
logic 2 to 3 counts should happen within 10 seconds
with TPR up.
4 Point failure
When WNR or WRR picks UP it has to wait for 20
seconds, if NWKR or RWKR is not picking UP then it
should trigger this message.
5 POINT LOOSE PACKING
With TPR is Down, the time difference of
(NWKR/RWKR) (Up to Down to Up) is in between
250 ms to 2 sec.
6 Timer Setting less
The TIME difference between JSLR UP and NJPR
UP is less by more than 10% (less than 108 seconds
for 120 seconds timer) of the prescribed time.
7 Timer Setting more
The TIME difference between JSLR UP and NJPR
UP is greater by more than 10% (more than 132 sec.
for 120 sec. timer) of the prescribed time.
8 Check the charger
The difference between present voltage and previous
voltage is greater than 5% and it should continue
beyond that range for at least 30 seconds and LVR
relay is UP.
9 Blanking of Signals
Concerned LVR (AC power supply for signal
available) relay is UP and all ECRs are DN for that
particular signal for more than 20 seconds.
10 Fusing of Signal Lamp
Concerned LVR ( AC power supply for signal
available) relay is UP
a. Yellow (three aspect):- After HR picks up and DR
is DN, if HECR is not picked UP within 10
seconds. HR is triggering signal.
b. Green (three aspect) :- After HR and DR pick UP,
if DECR has not picked UP within 10 seconds. HR
and DR is triggering signal.
c. Red:- After HR/DR is DN, if RECR has not picked
up within 10 seconds. HR/DR is triggering signal.
d. Yellow/Green (two aspect):- After HR/DR picks
UP, if HECR/DECR has not picked UP within 10
seconds. HR/DR is triggering signal.
VARIOUS FAULT LOGISTICS USED IN RAILWAYS
Page 11 DATALOGGER, ACD, TPWS, ETCS, AWS
S/No. FAULT NAME FAULT DESCRIPTION
11 TRACK CIRCUIT FAILURE
T1,T2,T3 are Sequential Tracks.
a. When T2 is Down.
b. T1 and T3 Up.
c. The Time difference between T1 Up and T2 DN is
more than 5 sec.
d. The time difference between T3 UP and T2 DN is
more than 5 sec.
e. T2 is not bobbing and is DN for more than 10
seconds.
12 POWER SUPPLY FAILURE LVR is DN for more than 100ms.
13 POWER SUPPLY
RESTORED LVR is UP for more than 100ms.
14 SIGNAL FLYING BACK TO
DANGER
a. UCR UP and
b. RECR UP and
c. HR DN and
d. TSR Up or (TSR DN and control track UP or
Approach track UP)
15 Route section not released
Previous route section released, sequential route
release relays of route section UP but sectional route
release relay not picked UP.
16 Sluggish Operation of Point After WNR/WRR picks UP, NWKR/RWKR picks UP
after a delay of 10 to 20 seconds.
17
PICKING UP OF TRACK
CIRCUIT WHEN
ADJACENT TRACK
CIRCUITS ARE DN
T1,T2,T3 are consecutive Tracks circuits in sequence
a. T1 and T3 are DN and
b. T2 is Up and not bobbing and remains
continuously UP for more than 10 seconds.
18
ROUTE GETTING
RELEASED WITHOUT ALL
THE SEQUENTIAL ROUTE
RELAYS IN THE ROUTE
PICKING UP
a. ASR UP and
b. Concerned route TSSLR DN or TPZR DN or
TLSR DN or TRSR DN and
c. Emergency Route cancellation, NJPR DN.
19
Block getting released
without picking up of
sequential train arrival
relays
Block clearing relay picks Up without picking UP of
sequential track relay.
NOTE: This will require change in wiring of block
instrument so that the pickup contacts of block TAR is
brought outside the block instrument.
20 ADVANCE STARTER OFF
WITHOUT LINE CLEAR HR up and Concerned LCPR is down.
21 Late Start of Train
a. Berthing track DN and
b. HECR/DECR UP and
c. Signal replacement track DN and
d. Time difference between time of occurrence of b
and c is more than time defined by user.
DATALOGGER
IRISET Page 12
22 OVER SPEEDING OF
TRAIN
T1,T2 and T3 are track circuits in sequence. Length
of T2 is fed in the logic option
a. Counter starts when T2 goes DN with T1 already
DN
b. Counter stops when T3 goes DN with T2 already
DN
c. Time interval between (a)and (b) is less than
length of T2 divided by maximum permissible
speed by more than10%
23 Clearing of Signal without
route locking
a. HECR/DECR UP and
b. ASR UP
24
Signal Assuming Green
Aspect with one or more
Points in route in reverse
condition
a. DECR UP and
b. RWKR of any Point in the route UP
25
Home/Main Line starter
signal assuming green
aspect with advance starter
danger
a. Home signal DECR UP or Main Line Starter
DECR UP and
b. Advance Starter RECR UP
26 POINT BURST
If the train arrives on the track 2 proving the
sequence of track1 DN and the Point setting in the
un-favorable position and then the NWKR/RWKR
both are DN for 20 seconds.
27 Check for passing of
defective/danger signal
a. When track 2 DN after
Track 1 is DN
RECR UP.
b. The time difference between T2 DN and T3 UP is
more than 5 sec.
c. The time difference between T2 DN and RECR
UP is more than 5 sec.
d. T2 is not bobbing and is DN for more than 1.2
seconds.
OPERATIONS OF DATA LOGGER
Page 13 DATALOGGER, ACD, TPWS, ETCS, AWS
1.5 Operations of Datalogger
Switch on the power supply switches provided on the rear side of Datalogger unit and
observe the LCD panel and SIX 7 segment LED display on front view of the DTL.
LCD display will show :
Efftronics (P) Ltd Networked Datalogger System.
Now use the push key buttons Board (Telephone type push Buttons)
Press push button in the key board.
A menu will appear on the LCD display as shown below:
1. TIME 2. PGE 3. DGT 4. ANG
5. Fault 6. PRN 7. TMP 8. PWD
Choose the options for the required software operations.
Example:-
For setting of time press '1' in the keyboard. After pressing '1' LCD will display the
information of real time clock. (Follow the instruction on the menu).
Example :-
Press "3" in the key board for Digital input status (Relay contacts)
After pressing "3" LCD displays a menu as follows.
1. All 2. TPR 3. PNT 4. ROUT
5. BTN 6. SLT 7. SIG 8. RLAY
by pressing '1' - All the information will be displayed
'2' - All Track proving relay status displayed
'3' - Displays the status of all signals
"0" - Displays the status of previous relay
"#" - Display the status of next relay
Note: If the user has not selected any type and pressing ' 0 ' will show the status of
relays considering default type ALL.
1.5.1 LCD display and key board
This will acts as man machine interface between the datalogger and the signal
engineer. All the operations (Software) can be performed using this LCD and keyboard.
Ref : Operational instructions in the manual.
1.5.2 Real time display with 7 Segments
This is built in real time clock within Datalogger and its current time will be displayed on
six 7-segment displays provided.
DATALOGGER
IRISET Page 14
Real time clock depend upon DALLAS 1286 chip. This IC will comes with internal
battery back up, hence there is no need to add external batteries.
Example:
Taking the print out of the report.
Connect printer port with printer. Switch on the supply to the printer.
Press "6" option in the initial menu appear after pressing.
Now LCD displays as follow:
PRINTER IN OFF LINE MODE
0 - ON LINE 1- USER
If the printer is "OFF LINE" mode, the display will be as shown above. If the printer is
in "ON LINE" mode then the display will be as below :-
PRINTER IN ON LINE MODE
0 - OFF LINE 1- USER
If you select - User mode by pressing "1" LCD displays as below :-
From Date DD/MM/YY
TIME HH/MM/SS
You can enter the from date/month/year and to Date/Month/Year and time, for getting
the status of input for the selected time period.
You can stop printing by pressing “ * ” key. The system is user friendly, once you
handle and do some operations, it is very easy to set the data stored in memory. This
system
can be connected to control office for remote operation.
1.6 REMOTE MONITORING OF STATIONS WITH NETWORKING OF DATALOGGERS
The individual Dataloggers of various stations can be interconnected through networking
technology. The data of Remote Panel stations can be viewed in a Computer at the Central
Monitoring Station. The data of the network is collected by the FEP (Front End Processor),
which in turn is transmitted to the computer
COMPONENTS OF NETWORK MANAGEMENT OF DATALOGGERS :
(a) Datalogger at stations.
(b) MODEM and Transmission medium
(c) Front End Processor (FEP)
(d) Central Monitoring Unit (CMU) /Computer
NETWORK MANAGEMENT OF DATALOGGERS
Page 15 DATALOGGER, ACD, TPWS, ETCS, AWS
1.6.1 FEP (Front End Processor)
FEP acts as a buffer between the Central Monitoring Unit (Computer) and the Network.
It is provided at centralised place to retrieve data continuously from station dataloggers and
store in memory and transfer to computer on request.. It stores 10 Lac telegrams.
It works on 12V DC. It draws 1.6A continuous current when all the three modems are
connected. Normally it shows the number of packets pending, to be sent to the computer, on
its
7-segment LED display. It is provided with MOTOROLA 68000 microprocessor.
It has 6-nos. of RS-232 communication ports such as COM1, COM2, COM3, COM4,
COM5 and COM6. COM1 is used for Fault Analysis System (FAS) i.e. Central Monitoring
Unit
(Computer) connection. COM2 to COM6 are used for networking. For Bi-directional 2- nos.
of
ports and for Tri-directional (T-network) 3-nos. of ports are used.
1.6.2 DATA TRANSMISSION
Dataloggers can be networked in Uni-directional Mode or Bi-directional Mode or T - Network
Mode. In case of loss of data, retransmission of data takes place.
(a) Uni-Directional Mode:
Each Datalogger will send data in only one direction to the FEP. Unidirectional
mode network is not preferred.
(b) Bi-Directional Mode:
Each end of Network is connected to FEP and each datalogger can now
transmit data in both the directions. Bi-directional Mode is advantageous, it enables
the Data Transmission even in case of Network Failure.
(c) T - Network Mode:
If more no. of stations are in network i.e. if the network is too lengthy then
T- network mode is preferred.
1.6.3 COMMUNICATION
The communication protocol for transmitting data and command between datalogger
and CMU is standardized by the RDSO and is given in the Specifications of Dataloggers.
(a) The type of communication used in the network is dependent on the distance
between the dataloggers.
(b) For shorter distances, Opto Converter Box- Opto isolated current loop
communication is used.
(c) For longer distances, Modem (Dial-up / leased) / Fiber Optic / Satellite / Microwave
communication.
1.6.4 Modems
Modems are used for DATA transfer between Dataloggers and Front End
Processor.These are configured to RS 232 Serial Communication.
Network is connected with two types of 4-wire modems:
(a) Internal modem card / Dual Modem card (in-built):
It is fixed in datalogger Euro rack itself. One card contains two modems. The top
modem is called ANS (answer) modem and the bottom modem is called as ORG
(originate) modem.
Note: In case of networking of Dataloggers, connect ‘ANS’ modem to the ‘ORG’ modem of
one adjacent station and connect ‘ORG’ modem to the ‘ANS’ modem of other
adjacent station.
DATALOGGER
IRISET Page 16
(b) External modems:
These are generally used at FEP (Front End Processor) side to connect the
Dataloggers.
(i) To transfer Data from one datalogger to another datalogger / FEP Baud rate is
9600bps.
(ii) These modems are 4-wire line communication.
(iii) To transfer the data from FEP to RMU (PC) the Baud rate is 57,600 bps.
There is no difference between these modems functionally.
Indications shown on Modems are given below:
1.6.5 Central Monitoring Unit (CMU) / Computer
Central monitoring unit (Fault Analysis Unit) is a Personal Computer and its minimum
configuration shall be specified by RDSO from time to time. System Software Windows
XP/Vista(OS), Norton/ Kaspersky (Anti Virus), Interbase where Server is not available
(DBMS),
Oracle where Server is available (DBMS) software are required to run Datalogger System. It
is
provided with Graphical User interface (GUI) based software and retrieve data from all
Networked dataloggers (up to 32) at various stations. It stores data in standard data base
files.
The CMU is capable of analyzing the data and generate reports, audiovisual alarms on
defined
conditions. This data can be compressed to take backup.
In central monitoring unit Software, used for analysis of data, prediction of faults etc., is
written in a structured format so that purchaser can reconfigure it, if required. It displays the
status of signaling gears at any selected time in graphic form for any selected station yard. It
retrieves the stored data & simulates train movement. It sends commands to various
Dataloggers to activate audio, visual alarm or operate and electromagnetic relay.
CMU shares data available in it by other PCs through available local area network where
this data can be used for train charting / passenger information purpose.
The system generates audiovisual alarm in ASM’s/Signal Maintainer’s room in the case
of power supply failure (battery voltage low) or battery charger defective with
acknowledgement
facility.
(a) Each datalogger has its own identity code which will be transmitted along with data
packet to central monitoring unit.
(b) Events recorded at each station are continuously transmitted to central monitoring
unit. Response time of data transfer will not exceed 10 sec.
Carrier Detector
Data Terminal Ready
Request To Send
Transmit Data
Receive Data
Auto Answer
Off Hook
Clear To Send
CD
DTR
RTS
TD
RD
AA
OH
CTS
INDICATION DESCRIPTION
BLOCK DIAGRAM OF NETWORK MANAGEMENT OF DATALOGGERS
Page 17 DATALOGGER, ACD, TPWS, ETCS, AWS
BLOCK DIAGRAM OF NETWORK MANAGEMENT OF DATALOGGERS
Fig :1.2
DATALOGGER
IRISET Page 18
The CMU is capable of generation following additional exception reports:
(a) Emergency cancellation of route.
(b) Panel failure due to power failure.
(c) Late start of a train (train operation).
(d) Late operation of signals with respect to local trains (train operation).
(e) Route failure online indication with analysis of the stage at which it had failed.
(f) Non-signal movement (train operation).
(g) Total on time of lamp (to assess working life of signal lamp).
(h) Total number of operations of the relay (to assess life if relay).
(i) Emergency Point operation.
(j) Emergency Route release.
(k) Emergency Sub Route Release.
(l) Overlap release.
(m) Emergency Crank Handle release.
(n) Calling on operations.
(o) Slot operation.
(p) Historical relay of events in a yard in graphical manner.
(q) Circuit progression. Railway shall provide logic for the same.
(r) Any other exception report.
Exception conditions are stored in the datalogger chronologically and displayed one by
one on the front panel through a toggle switch.
Dataloggers of all stations send status report to the central monitoring unit and
audiovisual alarm generated for the fault/alarm condition.
1.7 Use of data loggers for preventive maintenance:
With the help of current sensors (Track circuit monitoring equipment ) provided at
location boxes, track feed end currents, relay end currents and track feed charger current
are
being monitored and will be communicated through wireless network from yard to relay
room.
This will in turn communicate with data logger in relay room to generate suitable data which
will
further highlighted at Divisional HQ NMDL through pop-up screen. In this way
measurements of
track circuit parameters will be available at any given time which will improve Track Circuit
maintenance. These experiments are under advanced stage of testing at Tenali station of
BZA
division of SCRly by M/s Efftronics. In a similar way the normal and reverse operation
currents
are being measured online. This data will give the performance of the point machine at any
given time.
CABLE AND MODEM CONNECTIONS OF DATALOGGERS
Page 19 DATALOGGER, ACD, TPWS, ETCS, AWS
1.8 Datalogger of one Station to Datalogger of other Station Cable connections
1.9 External Modem connections
1.10 FEP and External Modem D-Connectors pin particulars
IRISET Page 20
1.11 NETWORKING OF DATA LOGGERS AT VIJAYAWADA DIVISION :
In Vijayawada Division 49 Nos. of Data Loggers in North direction (BZA-VSKP) , 41 Nos.
in South direction (KI-BZA-GDR ), 27 Nos. in Branch direction (BZA-MTM-BVRM-NS-NDD)
i.e.
Total 117 Nos. of Data Loggers have been installed. These Data Loggers located at various
stations can be interconnected in a Multi-Directional network through four wire Leased Line/
Microwave/ OFC media. All the Data Loggers send data to the Network Management Data
Logger system (NMDL) through the Front End Processor (FEP) and stores the data in
backup
servers.
1.12 SURGE & LIGHTENING PROTECTION AND EARTH ARRANGEMENT FOR
DATA LOGGER :
Earthing of screen and armour of the quad cable to earth by soldering.
Main cable termination shall be done by Soldering / crimping / Wago terminal - Avoid
ARA terminal.
Tail cable intermediate terminations - by Soldering only - Avoid ARA terminal.
Extend Earth to Data logger’s surge & lighting protection equipment i. e. GDT provided
at the TX , RX cable connections to modem.
Ensure Processor card chassis is connected to the data logger frame - which in turn is
connected to earth as at 4 above.
Ensure correct rating fuse at the input of each analog input.
Ensure correct rating fuse of charger - extend earth to the chassis of the charger.
Extend clean power (class B protected) to the charger -- Where feasible extend 24 V
from IPS and remove the charger.
E1 and E2 may be same earth or two separate earths.
***
contact sensing. 110v AC is extended from signal supply available in the signal location. A
set
of telegrams is stored in LEUs, which are communicated to the OBC (On Board Computer)
through balise depending upon the aspect of the signals. All the information is passed from
trackside to the On board in form of telegram. A telegram is a set of well-defined packets.
There are a total of 38 packets for track to train transmission.
Balise is composed of two loops (one for transmission & another for reception) along
with other circuitry. The entire assembly is hermitically sealed. Balises are fixed on the
sleeper
through which all the trackside information (telegrams stored in LEU) are transmitted to OBC
using magnetic transponder technology. In this technology, the balise becomes active due to
State True or False
1. Data logger records analog & digital inputs of an Interlocking system with reference to
date
and time. ( T )
2. In EFFTRONICS Datalogger, capacity of each Digital input card is 64 inputs. ( T )
3. In EFFTRONICS Datalogger, each DSU is provided with maximum 4 Nos of digital input
cards. ( F )
4. In EFFTRONICS Datalogger, all Digital inputs are scanned at the rate of 30m.sec.
(F)
5. In EFFTRONICS Dataloggers, all the Analog inputs are scanned at the rate of 16 m. sec.
(F)
6. In EFFTRONICS Dataloggers, DSU is required only when the system is required to be
connected with more than 1024 relays. ( F )
7. Datalogger Digital input capacity is 4096. ( F )
8. Minimum number of Analog channels is required to be provided with datalogger system is
32. ( T )
9. FEP is required at centralised place for networking of dataloggers. ( T )
10. Modems are required at stations and also at centralised place for networking of
dataloggers. ( T )
11. In EFFTRONICS Dataloggers, NMDL software is required for analyzing the on line faults
or
online data. ( T )
12. Datalogger stores 10 Lakhs events. ( T )