NAME : ________________ CLASS : __________

964/1
STPM

SMK TINGGI KLUANG

UJIAN PENTAKSIRAN PRESTASI

SEMESTER 1 / ULANGAN 1
964/1
One and a half hours
(Satu jam setengah)
(MALAYSIA HIGHER SCHOOL CERTIFICATE)

Instructions to candidates:
DO NOT OPEN THIS QUESTION PAPER UNTIL YOU For examiner’s use
ARE TOLD TO DO SO. Section A (15 marks)
1. Answer all questions in Section A and Section B.
Indicate the correct answer on Multiple–choice Answer Section /15
1. .
Sheet. Section B (15 marks)
2. Answer any two questions in Section C. All essential
16 /8
working should be shown. For numeric answers, unit
should be quoted wherever appropriate. Begin each 17 /7
answer on a fresh sheet of paper and arrange your
Section C (30 marks)
answer in numerical order
/15
/15
Total

This question paper consists of 12 printed pages.

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 SECTION A (15 MARKS)

Answer all questions in this section

1. Which of the following enables proteins to function as a buffer?

A Proteins are amphoteric

B Proteins are soluble in water
C Proteins contain peptide bonds
D Proteins are non-polar molecules

2. Which of the properties of lecithin are important in the formation of the structure of a cell
membrane?
I. Lecithin can be hydrolysed
II. Two alcohol groups bind with one fatty acid respectively
III. The tip of two hydrocarbon chains is non-polar
IV. The tip of the molecule with the phosphate and nitrogen group is polar

A I and III
B I, III and IV
C II, III and IV
D I, II, III and IV

3. The diagram shows a section of a generalised animal cell as seen under the electron
microscope.

Where are proteins and lipids synthesised and transported, packaged and secreted?

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 4. Which common structures are found in prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
I. Cell wall
II. Microtubule
III. Mitochondria
IV. DNA associated with protein

A I and II
B I and III
C IIand IV
D III and IV

5. The figure below shows the cross section of a compact bone.

X Y Z
A Harvesian canal lamellae lacuna
B canaliculus lamellae osteon
C lacuna lamellae Harvesian canal
D lacuna lamellae osteon

6. Which are the reasons why plasma membrane structure is referred as a fluid mosaic
model?
I. The phospholipids move freely within the plane
II. The presence of cholesterol within the membrane
III. The membrane proteins that are scattered in the phospholipid bilayer
move laterally
IV. The position of glycoproteins and glycolipids in the outer layer of plasma
membrane.

A I and III
B I and IV
C II and III
D II and IV

7. Which transportation of substances require ATP?

A Absorption of water through the root hairs in plants

B Movement of dissolve substances into the cells via pinocytosis
C Movement of testosterone across membrane of muscle cell
D Transportation of glucose across the wall of villi in the small intestine

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1 2 3 4
 8. The diagram shows a reaction with and without an enzyme. Which is the activation
energy of the enzyme-controlled reaction?

9. Which of the following statements about coenzyme are true?

I Coenzyme binds permanently to enzyme
II NAD+ is a coenzyme formed from B2 vitamin
III FAD is coenzyme formed from B3 vitamin
IV Coenzyme helps in transferring a chemical group, atom or electron

A I, II and III
B I and IV
C II, III and IV
D IV only

10. The presence of competative inhibitor in an enzymatic reaction will result in

A an increase in Km
B a decrease in Vmax
C the denaturation of enzyme
D a change in conformation of active site

11. The reaction that occurs during the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA is shown in the
diagram below.

What are R and S?

R S
A CoA Oxidised NAD
B CoA Reduced NAD
C ATP Oxidised NAD
D ATP Reduced NAD

12. Anaerobic respiration by yeast cells involves

I glycolysis to produce pyruvate
II decarboxylation of pyruvate to release carbon dioxide
III electron transport chain to oxidise NADH
IV chemiosmosis to generate 2 ATP

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 A I and II
B II and IV
C III only
D I, II, III and IV

13. Which of the following about cyclic photophosphorylation and non-cyclic

photophosphorylation is correct?

Cyclic Non-cyclic Cyclic and non-cyclic

Photophosphorylation photophosphorylation photophosphorylation

A Oxygen is produced ATP is produced NADPH is not formed

B NADPH is not formed Oxygen is produced ATP is produced
C ATP is produced Oxygen is produced NADPH is not formed
D NADPH is not formed ATP is produced Oxygen is produced

14. Which statement are true about pineapple?

I Krantz anatomy exists
II Stomata are closed at night
III Photorespiration is minimised
IV Carbon fixation occurs at night
A I and II
B I and IV
C II and III
D III and IV

15. In chloroplast, the pH inside the thylakoid space is lower than that of the stomata due to
A high production of ATP
B high concentration of proton due to chemiosmosis
C accumulation of malate from Hatch-Slack pathway
D accumulation of carbon dioxide at night

Section A answer

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 Section B [15 marks]

Answer all questions in this section.

16. The diagram below shows the cross section of the leaf structure of a type of plant in the
tropical regions.

(a) Name the group of plants which show the above leaf cross section [1 mark]
_____________________________________________________________

(b) i) Name the structured labeled A and B. [2 marks]

A: _______________________________
B: _______________________________

(ii) State the function of P and Q. [2 marks]

P: _____________________________________________________________
Q: _____________________________________________________________

(c) In the tropics, light intensity is high but the atmospheric carbon dioxide is low which limits
the rate of photosynthesis. Outline how the above plants overcome this problem.
[3 marks]
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

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 17 The diagram below represents an outline of the stages in anaerobic respiration in the
muscles:

(a) Name the compounds represented by Y and Z. [2 marks]

Y: ________________________________

Z: ________________________________

(b)(i) At which step is ATP produced? [1 mark]

____________________________________________________________________

(b)(ii) How many molecules of ATP are produced in anaerobic respiration? [1 mark]
______________________________________________________________________

(c) What is the role of NAD+ in the diagram? [1 mark]

(d) State one effect if compound Z accumulates in the muscles during anaerobic respiration
[1 mark]

(e) Give an example of food industry that applies this anaerobic respiration. [1 mark]

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 Section C [30 marks]

Answer two question in this section.

18(a) Describe the structure of a DNA molecule. [9 marks]

(b) Describe a biological technique which can be used to separate fragments of DNA.
[6 marks]

19 (a) Describe the mechanism of action of enzyme based on induced fit model [5marks]
(b) Explain how a change in pH may lower the rate of enzyme activity. [5marks]
(c) Briefly describe five ways of enzyme immobilization. [5marks]

20. (a) Describe the main stages of glycolysis in cells. [10 marks]
(b) Explain the effect of carbon monoxide on the electron transport chain [5 marks]

PREPARED BY: CHECKED BY:

______________________________ ____________________________

(PN. SURAYA NADZRAH BINTI ZAMRI) (CIK MOK YUEN HWEE)

BIOLOGY TEACHER HEAD OF BIOLOGY PANEL

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 MARKING SCHEME

SECTION A

1 A 6 A 11 B
2 B 7 B 12 A
3 A 8 B 13 B
4 A 9 D 14 D
5 C 10 A 15 B

SECTION B AND C

NO ANSWERS MARKS TOTAL

MARKS
16a C4 plants 1 1

bi A : Mesophyll cell 1
B : Bundle sheath cell 1 2

bii P: Allow the exchange of gaseous for respiration and photosynthesis / site for 1
transpiration

Q: Transport of water, mineral and organic compound . 1 2

c P1 : C4 plants have Hatch-Slack pathway 1
P2 : PEP carboxylase that have higher affinity towards carbon dioxide will first fix 1
carbon dioxide in mesophyll cells.
P3 : This increase the carbon dioxide concentration in bundle sheath cells 1
P4 : Carbon dioxide is fix second time by Rubisco in Calvin cycle
1
P5 : Increase of carbon dioxide reduce inhibition of Rubisco by oxygen
P6 : Rate of photosynthesis is higher
1
Max:3
8

17a Y = reduced NAD+ / NADH 1 2

Z = lactate 1

b(i) Step 1 1 1

b(ii) 2 ATP molecules 1

c (Regeneration of) NAD+ allows glycolysis to continue in anaerobic condition. 1

d It will cause muscle fatique& pain / cramping / lowers blood pH 1

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18a P1 – A DNA molecule consists of two polynucleotide strands 1
P2 – Each strand is made up of a sequence of nucleotides linked together by 1
phosphodiester bonds
P3 – Each nucleotide has one deoxyribose, one nitrogenous base and one 1
phosphate group
P4 – The phosphate group joins carbon 5 of one deoxyribose to carbon 3 of
another deoxyribose 1
P5 – The two strands are antiparallel// When one strand runs 5’ to 3’, the
other strand runs 3’ to 5’ 1
P6 – The nitrogenous bases of one strand bond with nitrogenous bases of the
other strand by hydrogen bonds 1
P7 – Adenine pairs with thymine by two hydrogen bonds while guanine pairs
with cytosine by three hydrogen bonds 1
P8 – The base pairs are stacked 0.34 nm apart with one complete turn having
10 base pairs. 1
P9 – The diameter of the helix is 2.0 nm
P10 – The two strands are coiled to form a double helix
1
P11 – The surface of the helix shows alternating major grooves and minor
grooves 1
1 Max 9

18b P1 – DNA fragments can be separated by gel electrophoresis 1

P2 – When DNA is cut by a restriction endonuclease/ enzyme, fragments 1
with different sizes/ lengths are produced
P3 – The fragments are negatively charged in neutral pH because of the 1
phosphate groups in them
P4 – The DNA fragments are placed into a slot/ well in an agarose slab with
1
one end connected to an anode and the other end connected to a
cathode
P5 – When an electric current is applied, the fragments move towards the
anode/ positive pole 1
P6 – The shorter/ smaller DNA fragments move faster than the longer/ bigger
fragments through the agarose gel 1
P7 – The DNA fragments form bands in the agarose gel
P8 – The bands are then stained with ethidium bromide/ a fluorescent dye 1
which makes the DNA fragments visible under ultraviolet light 1 Max 6

19a P1 – An enzyme molecule is a large globular protein with a specific three- 1

dimensional shape and a groove called the active site
P2 – The active site is flexible and not exactly complementary to the shape of 1
substrate
P3 – When a substrate collides with the enzyme molecule and binds to its 1
active site
P4 – the binding induces a slight change in the shape of the enzyme molecule
to make the active site fully complementary/ fit precisely with the 1
substrate
P5 – The side-chains/ R groups of amino acids lining the active site form weak
chemical bonds with the substrate to form an enzyme-substrate complex 1
P6 – The binding causes the substrate molecules to have close proximity and
correct orientation which results in breaking of some bonds and
formation of new bonds in the substrates 1
P7 – The substrate changes into the product which has different shape / is 1 Max 5
not fit in the active site, it is released from the enzyme molecule

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19 P1 – Enzymes are active within a narrow pH range 1
b P2 – At optimum pH, the enzyme molecules have a specific three dimensional 1 Max 5
structure with hydrogen bonds and ionic bonds between the acidic or basic R
groups of amino acids
P3 – When there is a change in pH, the acidic or basic R groups in the
1
enzyme molecules are changed
P4 – This causes the hydrogen bonds and ionic bonds in the enzymes to be
broken 1
P5 – The specific three dimensional structure of the enzyme is changed
//denature 1
P6 – The ionic charges on the active sites and the surface of the substrates 1
may also be changed
P7 – The substrate cannot fit into the active site to form enzyme-substrate 1
complex, so the rate of the enzyme activities may be lowered

Max 5
19 P1 – Adsorption: The enzymes are attached to the surface of an inert 1
c material like porous glass/ alginate beads/ cellulose by weak bonds
like hydrophobic interactions or ionic bonds
P2 – Covalent bonding: The enzymes are bonded to an inert solid such as 1
Cellulose/ collagen by strong covalent bonds
P3 – Cross-linking: The enzymes form cross-links with other molecules but
without covering the active site, through chemical reactions, the 1
covalent bonds form the crossing-links
P4 – Entrapment: The enzymes are trapped inside the internal structure of an
inert medium like silica gel lattice/ alginate/ collagen fibres 1
P5 – Microencapsulation: The enzymes are enclosed in microcapsules with
selectively permeable membrane 1

20a P1- 6C glucose molecule is phosphorylated by the enzyme hexokinase, receive a 1

phosphate group from ATP and forms glucose-6-phosphate
P2- Glucose -6-phosphate isomerizes to form fructose- 6-phosphate with the help 1
of phosphoglucoisomerase
P3- Fructose -6-phosphate further phosphorylated to produce fructose -1,6- 1
diphosphate, involving phosphofructokinase
P4- 6C fructose- 1,6-diphosphate splits into glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and its 1
isomer dihydroxyacetone phosphate.
P5- Dihydroxyacetone phosphate rearranges into glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate therefore 1
producing two molecules of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate
P6- Glyceraldehyde- 3-phosphate is oxidised, hydrogen atoms are removed, 1
NAD+ is reduced to become NADH. An inorganic phosphate (Pi) attached to
increase the energy of glycerate-1,3-diphosphate
P7- Glycerate -1,3-diphosphate is converted to glycerate 3-phosphate. One 1
phosphate from each glycerate-1,3-diphosphate is transferred to ADP to from
ATP by substrate level phosphorylation .
P8- Glycerate-3-phosphate rearranges to form glycerate-2-phosphate. Removal 1
of water produces phosphoenolpyruvate
P9-The remaining phosphate groups in phosphoenolpyruvate is transferred to 1
ADP to form ATP and pyruvate is produced.
P10-At this stage another two molecules of ATP for each glucose molecule is 1
formed .

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 P11 – Glycolysis occurs in cytoplasm of cell. 1 10
P12 – one molecule of glucose produces 2 molecules of pyruvate, 2 NADH and 1 mark
2ATP.

b P1 - Haemoglobin has a higher affinity for carbon monoxide (CO) 1

compared to oxygen.
P2- The increase of CO concentration in the blood reduces the amount of haemoglobin 1
available to transport O2. The amount of haemoglobin transported to cell by
haemoglobin is reduced
P3- Oxygen functions as the last acceptor of hydrogen atoms in the electron 1
transport chain.
P4- Lower concentration or absence of oxygen halts the electron transport chain 1
since less oxygen is present to receive the hydrogen atoms at the end of the
electron transport chain.
P5 - creation of the transmembrane electrochemical gradient in the mitochondrion 1
and ATP synthesis through chemiosmosis is inhibited.
P6- Regeneration of FAD and NAD+ is also without these molecules glycolysis 1
link reaction and the krebs cycle is halted.
P7- Thus, the energy synthesis in the cell is halted,resulting in the death of the
cell.
1
Max 5

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