Advanced

Differential EXACTSTEAM™ V-CONE®

Pressure
Flowmeter
Technology
INSTALLATION, OPERATION, AND
MAINTENANCE MANUAL

Lit. # 30122-58, Rev. 1.0

3-8-17
The ExactSteam V-Cone Installation, Operation & Maintenance Manual is also available in the languages shown below on the
McCrometer website under the ExactSteam V-Cone product page.

www.mccrometer.com

30122-58 V-Cone ExactSteam System IOM Manual (English)

30122-68 V-Cone ExactSteam System IOM Manual (French)
30122-69 V-Cone ExactSteam System IOM Manual (Spanish)
30122-70 V-Cone ExactSteam System IOM Manual (Portuguese)
30122-71 V-Cone ExactSteam System IOM Manual (Italian)
30122-72 V-Cone ExactSteam System IOM Manual (German)

Copyright © 2017 McCrometer, Inc. All printed material should not be changed or altered without permission of McCrometer. Any
published technical data and instructions are subject to change without notice. Contact your McCrometer representative for current
technical data and instructions.

3255 WEST STETSON AVENUE • HEMET, CALIFORNIA 92545 USA www.mccrometer.com

TEL: 951-652-6811 • 800-220-2279 • FAX: 951-652-3078 Printed In The U.S.A. Lit. # 30122-58 Rev. 1.0 / 3-8-17
Contents

1.0 GENERAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 5.0 DIMENSIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

1.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 5.1 Face To Face Dimensions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
1.2 Principles Of Operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.3 Reshaping The Velocity Profile. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 6.0 MODEL SELECTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
6.1 Precision Tube V-Cone Model Template . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
2.0 FEATURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 6.1.1 North American Region . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
2.1 High Accuracy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 6.1.2 Latin American Region . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
2.2 Repeatability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 6.1.3 European Region . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
2.3 Turndown. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 6.2 V-Cone Materials. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
2.4 Installation Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2.5 Long Term Performance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 7.0 MAINTENANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
2.6 Signal Stability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 7.1 Periodic Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
2.7 Low Permanent Pressure Loss. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2.8 Sizing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 8.0 TROUBLESHOOTING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
2.9 No Areas of Stagnation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 8.1 Troubleshooting a V-Cone System On-Site. . . . . . . . . . . 23
2.10 Mixing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 9.0 EXACTSTEAM V-CONE LITERATURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
3.0 THE V-CONE FLOW MEASUREMENT SYSTEM . . . . . . 5 9.1 ExactSteam V-Cone Specification Sheets . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
3.1 Application Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 10.0 APPENDICES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
3.2 Flow Calculations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 10.1 V-Cone Installation Guide: Upstream and Downstream
3.3 Application Sizing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Minimum Straight Pipe Run Recommendations . . . . . 27
3.4 Calibration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3.5 Materials Of Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 MANUFACTURER’S WARRANTY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
3.6 Valve Manifolds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3.7 Secondary And Tertiary Instrumentation. . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
3.8 Meter Tag. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

4.0 INSTALLATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
4.1 Scope. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
4.2 Safety. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
4.3 Unpacking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
4.4 Orientation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
4.5 Piping Specification. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
4.6 Piping Requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
4.7 Isolation (Block) Valves. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
4.8 Valve Manifolds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
4.9 Installation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
4.10 Pressure Taps. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
4.11 Remote Seals or Chemical Seals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
4.12 Impulse Line: General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
4.13 Impulse Line: Process Industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
4.14 Impulse Line: Steam Applications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
4.15 Insulation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
4.16 Horizontal Piping Installations: Condensing Vapors. . 13
4.17 Vertical Piping Installations: Condensing vapors, i.e.
steam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
4.18 Calibration Compensated Installation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
4.19 Vertical Down Flow Piping Installations: Condensing
Vapors, i.e. Steam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
4.20 Supporting Manifold Blocks and Dual Transmitters. . 16
4.21 Zeroing DP Pressure Transmitters Following
Installation For Steam Flow Applications. . . . . . . . . . . . 17
4.22 Zeroing Low Range Transmitters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
4.23 Differential Pressure Measurement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
4.24 Temperature And Pressure Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . 18
 General

1.0
1.1 Introduction
The McCrometer V-Cone® Flowmeter is a patented technology that accurately measures flow over a
wide range of Reynolds numbers, under all kinds of conditions and for a variety of fluids. It operates
on the same physical principle as other differential pressure-type flowmeters, using the theorem
General of conservation of energy in fluid flow through a pipe. The V‑Cone’s remarkable performance
characteristics, however, are the result of its unique design. It features a centrally-located cone inside
the tube. The cone interacts with the fluid flow, reshaping the fluid’s velocity profile and creating
a region of lower pressure immediately downstream of itself. The pressure difference, exhibited
between the static line pressure and the low pressure created downstream of the cone, can be
measured via two pressure sensing taps. One tap is placed slightly upstream of the cone, the other is
located in the downstream face of the cone itself. The pressure difference can then be incorporated
into a derivation of the Bernoulli equation to determine the fluid flow rate. The cone’s central position
in the line optimizes the velocity profile of the flow at the point of measurement, assuring highly
accurate, reliable flow measurement regardless of the condition of the flow upstream of the meter.

1.2 Principles Of Operation

The V-Cone is a differential pressure type flowmeter. Basic theories behind differential pressure type
flowmeters have existed for over a century. The principal theory among these is Bernoulli’s theorem
for the conservation of energy in a closed pipe. This states Dp
that for a constant flow, the pressure in a pipe is inversely H L

proportional to the square of the velocity in the pipe.

Simply, the pressure decreases as the velocity increases. Low
For instance, as the fluid approaches the V-Cone meter, it Pressure
will have a pressure of P1. As the fluid velocity increases Port

at the constricted area of the V‑Cone, the pressure drops

to P2, as shown in Figure 1. Both P1 and P2 are measured Figure 1. High and Low Ports
at the V-Cone’s taps using a variety of differential pressure
transducers. The Dp created by a V-Cone will increase and
decrease exponentially with the flow velocity. As the constriction takes up more of the pipe cross-
sectional area, more differential pressure will be created at the same flowrates. The beta ratio equals
the flow area at the largest cross section of the cone (converted to an equivalent diameter) divided
by the meter’s inside diameter (see the V-Cone Beta Ratio calculation in section 3.2).

1.3 Reshaping The Velocity Profile

Zero Velocity
The V-Cone is similar to other differential pressure (Dp) meters in
the equations of flow that it uses. V-Cone geometry, however, is
quite different from traditional Dp meters. The V‑Cone constricts
the flow by positioning a cone in the center of the pipe.
This forces the flow in the center of the pipe to flow around Fluid Maximum
Velocity Velocity
the cone. This geometry presents many advantages over the
traditional concentric Dp meter. The actual shape of the cone
has been continuously evaluated and tested for over ten years to
provide the best performance under differing circumstances.
Figure 2. Velocity Profile
One must understand the idea of a flow profile in a pipe to
understand the performance of the V-Cone. If the flow in a long
pipe is not subject to any obstructions or disturbances, it is well-developed flow. If a line passes
across the diameter of this well-developed flow, the velocity at each point on that line would be
different. The velocity would be zero at the wall of the pipe, maximum at the center of the pipe, and
zero again at the opposite wall. This is due to friction at the pipe walls that slows the fluid as it passes.
Since the cone is suspended in the center of the pipe, it interacts directly with the “high velocity
core” of the flow. The cone forces the high velocity core to mix with the lower velocity flows closer
to the pipe walls. Other Dp meters have centrally located openings and do not interact with this
high velocity core. This is an important advantage to the V‑Cone at lower flowrates. As the flowrate

1
3255 WEST STETSON AVENUE • HEMET, CALIFORNIA 92545 USA Printed In the U.S.A.
TEL: 951-652-6811 • 800-220-2279 • FAX: 951-652-3078 Lit. # 30122-58 Rev. 1.0 / 3-8-17
Copyright © 2017 McCrometer, Inc. All printed material should not be changed or altered without permission of McCrometer.
Any published technical data and instructions are subject to change without notice. Contact your McCrometer representative
www.mccrometer.com for current technical data and instructions.
 Features
decreases, the V‑Cone continues to interact with the highest velocity in the pipe. Other Dp meters
may lose their useful Dp signal at flows where the V‑Cone can still produce one.
The pipe flow profile in actual installations is rarely ideal. There are many installations where a
flowmeter exists in flow that is not well developed. Practically any changes to the piping, such as
elbows, valves, reductions, expansions, pumps, and tees can disturb well-developed flow. Trying to
measure disturbed flow can create substantial errors for other flowmeter technologies. The V-Cone
overcomes this by reshaping the velocity profile upstream of the cone. This is a benefit derived from
the cone’s contoured shape and position in the line. As the flow approaches the cone, the flow profile
“flattens” toward the shape of a well-developed profile.
The V-Cone can flatten the flow profile under extreme conditions, such as a single elbow or double
elbows out-of-plane, positioned closely upstream of the meter. This means that as different flow
profiles approach the cone, there will always be a predictable flow profile at the cone. This ensures
accurate measurement even in non-ideal conditions.

Irregular profile
caused by a disturbance
upstream

Flattened profile
caused by the
V-Cone
Figure 3. Flattened Velocity Profile

2.0
2.1 High Accuracy
The V-Cone primary element can be accurate to ±0.5% of flow rate reading and the total system can
be accurate to ±1.0%. The level of accuracy is dependent to a degree on application parameters and
secondary instrumentation.
Features Accuracy statements of percent of actual flow rate means that the measurement uncertainty is within the
given percent value within the stated range for the flowmeter.

2.2 Repeatability
The V-Cone primary element exhibits excellent repeatability of ±0.1% or better.
Repeatability is a flowmeter’s ability to repeat it’s accuracy at a given flow rate.

2.3 Turndown
The turndown of the V-Cone can reach far beyond traditional Dp meters. A typical turndown for a
V-Cone is 10 to 1. Greater turndowns are attainable. Flows with Reynolds numbers as low as 8000 will
produce a linear signal. Lower Reynolds number ranges are measurable and are repeatable by applying
a curve fit to the measured Dp, derived from calibration over a specific Reynolds number range.

2
3255 WEST STETSON AVENUE • HEMET, CALIFORNIA 92545 USA Printed In the U.S.A.
TEL: 951-652-6811 • 800-220-2279 • FAX: 951-652-3078 Lit. # 30122-58 Rev. 1.0 / 3-8-17
Copyright © 2017 McCrometer, Inc. All printed material should not be changed or altered without permission of McCrometer.
Any published technical data and instructions are subject to change without notice. Contact your McCrometer representative
www.mccrometer.com for current technical data and instructions.
 Features
2.4 Installation Requirements
Since the V-Cone can flatten the velocity profile, it can function much closer to upstream disturbances
than other Dp meters. The recommended installation for the V-Cone is zero to three diameters of
straight run upstream and zero to one diameter downstream. This can be a major benefit to users
with larger, more expensive line sizes or users which have small run lengths. McCrometer conducted
performance tests of the V‑Cone downstream of a single 90° elbow and two close coupled 90° elbows
out of plane. These tests show that the V-Cone can be installed adjacent to either single elbows or
two elbows out of plane without sacrificing accuracy.
For specific installation recommendations, see appendices.

Figure 4. Single Elbow and V-Cone Figure 5. Double Elbow and V-Cone

2.5 Long Term Performance

The contoured shape of the cone constricts the flow without impacting the flow against an abrupt
surface. A boundary layer forms along the cone and directs the fluid away from the beta edge. This
means the beta edge will not be as subject to the usual wear by unclean fluids, as is the case with
an orifice plate. The beta ratio will then remain unchanged and the calibration of the meter will be
accurate for a much longer time.

2.6 Signal Stability

Every Dp meter has a “signal bounce”. This means that even
in steady flow, the signal generated by the primary element
will fluctuate a certain amount. On a typical orifice plate, the V-Cone
vortices that form just after the plate are long. These long Orifice Plate
vortices create a high amplitude, low frequency signal from
the orifice plate. This could disturb the Dp readings from
the meter. The V‑Cone forms very short vortices as the flow
passes the cone. These short vortices create a low amplitude,
high frequency signal. This translates into a signal with high Figure 6. Signal Stability
stability from the V‑Cone. Representative signals from a
V-Cone and from a typical orifice plate are shown in Figure 6.

2.7 Low Permanent Pressure Loss

Without the impact of an abrupt surface, the permanent pressure loss is lower than a typical orifice
plate meter. Also, the signal stability of the V-Cone allows the recommended full scale Dp signal to be
lower for the V-Cone than other Dp meters. This will lower the permanent pressure loss.

3
3255 WEST STETSON AVENUE • HEMET, CALIFORNIA 92545 USA Printed In the U.S.A.
TEL: 951-652-6811 • 800-220-2279 • FAX: 951-652-3078 Lit. # 30122-58 Rev. 1.0 / 3-8-17
Copyright © 2017 McCrometer, Inc. All printed material should not be changed or altered without permission of McCrometer.
Any published technical data and instructions are subject to change without notice. Contact your McCrometer representative
www.mccrometer.com for current technical data and instructions.
 Features
2.8 Sizing
The unique geometry of the V-Cone allows for a wide range of beta ratios. Standard beta ratios range
from 0.45, 0.55, 0.65, 0.75, and 0.80.

2.9 No Areas of Stagnation

The “swept through” design of the cone does not allow for areas of stagnation where debris,
condensation or particles from the fluid could accumulate.

2.10 Mixing
The short vortices described in section 2.6 mix the fluid thoroughly just downstream of the cone. The
V-Cone is currently used in many applications as a static mixer where instant and complete mixing
are necessary.

4
3255 WEST STETSON AVENUE • HEMET, CALIFORNIA 92545 USA Printed In the U.S.A.
TEL: 951-652-6811 • 800-220-2279 • FAX: 951-652-3078 Lit. # 30122-58 Rev. 1.0 / 3-8-17
Copyright © 2017 McCrometer, Inc. All printed material should not be changed or altered without permission of McCrometer.
Any published technical data and instructions are subject to change without notice. Contact your McCrometer representative
www.mccrometer.com for current technical data and instructions.
 The V-Cone Flow Measurement System

3.0
3.1 Application Data
The customer must provide application parameters so that the appropriate V-Cone flowmeter may
be selected. McCrometer has an extensive meter performance database of fluid properties which
can be utilized for sizing purposes.

3.2 3.2Flow
Flow
3.2 FlowCalculations
Calculations
Calculations
The V-Cone Nomenclature:
Nomenclature:
Nomenclature
Symbol
Symbol Description
Description English
EnglishUnits
Units Metric
MetricUnits
Units
Flow Material
Material Thermal
Thermal Expansion
Expansion αα -1 -1 -1 -1
Symbol αα Description °R°R Units
English °R°R
Metric Units
Measurement α Material
oror
αcone
β β Thermal Expansion
, ,αpipe
αcone
Beta
Beta
(alpha)
αpipe
α or
(alpha)
αcone, αpipe (alpha)
Ratio
Ratio -˚R-
-1
˚R- -1-
System β CDCD Flowmeter
Ratio Coefficient
Flowmeter
Beta Coefficient - - -- -
CD dd Cone
Cone
Flowmeter Outside
Outside Diameter
Coefficient Diameter inin - mm -mm
DD Pipe
Pipe Inside
InsideDiameter
Diameter inin mm mm
d ΔPΔP Cone Outside Diameter
Differential
DifferentialPressure
Pressure (dp)
(dp) inWC
inWCin mm
mbar
mbar
D Pipe Maximum
Inside Diameter
Maximum Differential
Differential in mm
ΔPΔPmax
max See
Seenotenote 44 See
See note 44
note
∆P Pressure
Pressure
Differential onon
Pressure Sizing
(DP)Sizing inWC mbar
Fa Material
Material Thermal
Thermal Expansion
Expansion
FaFa Material Thermal Expansion Factor - -- - -
Factor
Factor
k kk Gas Isentropic
Gas
Gas Exponent
Isentropic
Isentropic Exponent
Exponent - -- -- -
3 3 3 3
lbmlbm⋅ ft⋅ ft kgkg⋅ m⋅ m
k1 k1k1 Flow Flow Constant
Flow Constant
Constant
s 2s⋅2inWC
⋅ inWC s 2s⋅2mbar
⋅ mbar
μ Simplified
Simplified
Viscosity Liquid Flow
Liquid Flow cP cP
k2k2 See
Seenote
note44 See
Seenote 44
note
Constant
Constant
P μμ Operating Viscosity
Pressure
Viscosity psiA
cPcP barA
cPcP
Q PP Actual Volume
Operating Flow
Operating Pressure
Pressure ACFS
psiA
psiA mbarA
3
/s
barA
Qm PbPb Base
Base Pressure
Mass Flow Pressure psiA
psiA
Lb/s barA
barA
Kg/s
3 3
Re QQ Actual Volume
Actual
Reynolds Volume
Number Flow
Flow ACFS
ACFS
- mm-/s /s
ρ Qmax
Qmax Maximum
Maximum
Flowing Flowrate
(rho) onon
Flowrate
Density Sizing
Sizing See
Seenote 4
note
lbm/ft 3 4 See
Seenote
kg/m 3 4 4
note
3 3
Sg QSTD
QSTD Standard
Specific GravityGas
Standard Gas
of Volume
the Gas Flow
Volume Flow SCFS
SCFS- Nm - /s /s
Nm
T ReRe Reynolds
Reynolds
Operating TemperatureNumber
Number - ˚R
- -K -
3 3 3 3
Td ρ Deviation
ρ fromFlowing
StandardDensity
Flowing (rho)
Density (rho)
Temperature (°R) Tdlbm/ft
=lbm/ft
T - 527.67 Td = kg/m
Tkg/m
- 527.67
3 3 3 3
U1 ρwater
ρwater Water
WaterDensity
Unit ConversionDensity 62.3663
62.3663
0.0360912 lbm/ft
lbm/ft
psiA/inWC 999.012
999.012
0.001 kg/m
kg/m
barA/mbar
U2 SgSg Specific Gravity
Specific
Unit Gravity
Conversion ofof
the Gas
the Gas 144- in
- 2/ft2 1,000,000- mm
- 2/m2
SLSL Specific Gravity
Specific Gravityofof
the Liquid
the Liquid - - 2 - -2
U3 Unit Conversion 167.213 lbm /s ft inWC 100 kg/m s mbar
TT Operating
Operating Temperature
Temperature °R°R KK
U4 TbTb UnitBase
Conversion
BaseTemperature
Temperature 124.0137
°R°RcP ft s / lbm K1K
U5 Unit Conversion
Deviation
Deviationfrom
fromStandard
Standard 2.6988 ˚R lbm / ft3 psiA 348.3389K9kg / m3 barA
TdTd TdTd= =T T− −
527 .67
527 .67 TdTd= = Tm/s
T− −
527 .67
527 .67
v Temperature
Velocity (°R)
Temperature (°R) ft/s 55
Y U1U1 Gas Expansion
Unit
Unit Factor
Conversion
Conversion 0.0360912
0.0360912 - psiA/inWC
psiA/inWC 0.001 -
barA/mbar
0.001 barA/mbar
2 22 2 2 2 2 2
Z U2U2 Unit
UnitConversion
Gas Compressibility
Conversion 144
144inin
-/ft/ft 1,000,000- mm
1,000,000 mm/m /m

167.213
167.213lbm /s2/sft2 ft
lbm
U3U3 Unit
UnitConversion
Conversion 100
100kg/m s2smbar
kg/m 2
mbar
inWC
inWC

U4U4 Unit
UnitConversion
Conversion 124.0137
124.0137cPcP
ft ft
s /slbm
/ lbm 11
3 3 3
2.6988 °R°R
2.6988 lbm / ft/ ft
lbm 348.338
348.338KKkgkg
/m/ m3
U5U5 Unit
UnitConversion
Conversion
psiA
psiA barA
barA
vv Velocity
Velocity ft/s
ft/s m/s
m/s
YY Gas Expansion
Gas Expansion Factor
Factor - - - -
ZZ Gas Compressibility
Gas Compressibility - - - -
ZbZb Base
BaseGas Compressibility
Gas Compressibility - - - -

5
3255 WEST STETSON AVENUE • HEMET, CALIFORNIA 92545 USA Printed In the U.S.A.
TEL: 951-652-6811 • 800-220-2279 • FAX: 951-652-3078 Lit. # 30122-58 Rev. 1.0 / 3-8-17
Copyright © 2017 McCrometer, Inc. All printed material should not be changed or altered without permission of McCrometer.
Any published technical data and instructions are subject to change without notice. Contact your McCrometer representative
www.mccrometer.com for current technical data and instructions.
 2
V-Cone Beta d
d2 β from sizing
3.2.1
3.2.1
V-Cone Beta
Ratio β
β =
= 1
1 −
− 2
β from sizing
report
Ratio D
D 2 2 report
V-Cone Beta The V-Cone Flow Measurement System d2 2 2 β from sizing
3.2.1 V-Cone Beta π β = 1 −3 d D β from sizing
3.2.1
3.2.2 V-Cone
Ratio
Flow
Ratio
FlowBeta kk1 = πβ⋅⋅ =22 ⋅⋅ 1U U−3 D ⋅
d D
222
2 ⋅β2
⋅β β
report
report
from sizing
3.2.2 Constant = β44=⋅⋅ U D⋅
21 −
3.2.1Flow Calculations
General Constant 1
1 2− β 24
4
Ratio U
π ⋅ 2 ⋅2U DD12−⋅ β 2 2 report
3.2.2
Flow
Flow
Material k1 = π ⋅ 2 ⋅ U 33 ⋅ D ⋅β
3.2.2 Constant
Material
V-Cone
Constant Beta k 1 = π ⋅4 ⋅2U⋅2U 3 ⋅dD 2
2 12−⋅ β 24
4
β from
β βfrom sizing
sizing
3.2.1 V-Cone
3.2.1
3.2.3
Thermal
V-ConeFlow
BetaBeta
Thermal Ratio k = F β 4== ⋅1U+212−⋅ αd⋅ ⋅ T 1 − β Seefrom sizing
note 1.
3.2.2
3.2.1
3.2.3 Ratio
Expansion
Constant
Material
Ratio 1 F aβ =
a 4 ⋅U
= 1 + 1 2 − ⋅ α ⋅2
D21 d− β T d
4 See report
report
report 1.
note
Expansion
Material 2 D
Factor
Thermal
3.2.3 Factor
Thermal
Material Fπa ⋅= 12+⋅ U2 3⋅ α ⋅DT22d ⋅ β 22 See note 1.
3.2.3
3.2.2
Flow
Expansion
Material
Flow
Expansion k = πa ⋅ = 12 +⋅ U23⋅ α⋅ D
F ⋅ Td ⋅ β See note 1.
3.2.2
3.2.2
3.2.3 Flow Thermal
Constant
Constant
Factor
Thermal
k 1
1 = Fa 4=⋅1U+22 ⋅ α ⋅ T1d− β 4
4 ⋅ U ⋅ 4
See note 1.
Constant
Factor
Expansion
Material
Expansion 2 1− β
Material
Factor
Material D 2 2
Thermal
Material
Factor F D2 − − dd 2
Faa =
3.2.4 Material Thermal
Thermal
3.2.3
3.2.3 Expansion
3.2.4
3.2.3 main
Thermal
Material
IfExpansion
cone
Thermal
IfExpansion
Expansion
Thermal
pipe
Factor
Expansion
main pipe
and
coneFactor
and
are
are
= 1 − α FF
1 − α [[((
pipe F
pipe
a a==11+
⋅⋅ TTa d= ⋅⋅1D
d D
+ ))
+ 222 ⋅−
D
]]
22 ⋅·α
− α
α(1⋅·T−Tdαd
[[d( ⋅ 2T−d α cone ⋅⋅ T
1 cone Td )
d
]]
)
2
⋅⋅ dd 2
See
See
See
See notenote
See note 1.
1 1.
note
note 1.
1.
Factor
Factor Fa = D −d 2 2
IfExpansion
3.2.4 Material made of
Thermal
3.2.4 Expansion
main
cone
Factor
If made
cone
Factor
Material
different
Material
and
of
and
Factor
pipe are
different 1 − α pipe [[((
Fa = 1 − α ⋅ T ⋅ D 222 − (12− α ⋅ T ) ⋅ d 22
⋅ T d ⋅ D D )) ]]
−
[[
d ( 1 − α cone ⋅ Td )]]⋅ d
See note 1.
See note 1.
main pipe are F =
3.2.4 if cone
3.2.4 Ifmaterials
cone
and and
Thermal main
[( ) ] See
See notenote1 1.
pipe d cone d
main
pipe
made
Thermal
materials
made
arepipe
Expansion
made
different
Pipeline
Expansion
of
ofare
of
a
1 − α pipe ⋅ Td ⋅ D − (1 − α cone ⋅ Td ) ⋅ d
4 ⋅ U
2
⋅
[ Q
] 2

3.2.5 different different

Pipeline
made
Factor of
materials
materials vv = 4D ⋅ U22 22−⋅ dQ22
3.2.5 Velocity
Factor = D
π − 22d
materials
Velocity FFaa == 1 − α ⋅ T ⋅4D π⋅ U2⋅⋅2 D
[[(( )) ]] [[
3.2.4 Ifdifferent
cone and D See note 1.
2−⋅⋅ Q ( ]]
)
3.2.4 If Pipeline
cone and 1 − α ⋅ T ⋅ d
2 See note 1.
2 2(1 − α cone ⋅ Td ) ⋅ d
3.2.5 Pipeline
3.2.5 materials
main pipe
Pipeline are
Velocity 1 − α pipe ⋅ Td ⋅ D −
pipe v d= 4 ⋅ U Q cone d
2 Dimensionless
3.2.5 main pipe are
Velocity v = 4π⋅ U⋅ D Dimensionless
made of
Velocity ⋅2Q⋅ ρ number which
Pipeline
made of π v⋅ D2⋅ D number which
3.2.5
3.2.6
Reynolds
different
Reynolds
Velocity
different Re v == U v ⋅ D2 ⋅ ρ can
can
be used to
Dimensionless
be used to
Dimensionless
3.2.6 Number
materials Re = Uπ4 ⋅ Dμ 4 Dimensionless
correlate
number meter
which
Number
materials
Reynolds v ⋅ Dμ⋅ρ correlate
number
number
Dimensionless
calibration
can be
meter
which
which
used into
3.2.6 Pipeline
Reynolds Re = U 4 ⋅ U v
4 4⋅ U 22 ⋅ Q ⋅ D ⋅ Q ⋅ ρ can calibration
can be used
be used to into
3.2.5 Reynolds
3.2.6
3.2.6
3.2.5
Pipeline
NumberNumber
Velocity Re v = = U
v = 4 v ⋅DD μ22 ⋅ ρ number
different
correlate
different
correlate
which
fluids
meter
fluids
meter
Re = Uπ4π ⋅⋅ D
Number
Reynolds μ correlate
can be used meter
3.2.6
Velocity
V-Cone
V-Cone Gas
Gas
4 U ⋅ Δ P calibration
calibration into
in in
4 ) U 1 ⋅ ΔP
Y = 1 − ( 0 . 649 + 0 . 696 ⋅ β 1 calibration
3.2.7
3.2.7
Number
Expansion
Expansion Y = 1 − (0.649 + 0.696 ⋅ β ) k ⋅ P μ correlate
For
For
Dimensionless
Liquids
different
Dimensionless
Liquids
different
meter
Y
fluids
fluidsY=1
=1
FactorGas different
calibration
number fluids
in
which
V-Cone
FactorGas
V-Cone v⋅⋅ D D⋅⋅ ρρ4 U k ⋅⋅ Δ PP number which
3.2.7
3.2.6
Reynolds
Wafer
Expansion
V-Cone
Reynolds
Wafer
Gas
Gas
Gas Y = 1 − ( 0 .
Re 649 = +U 0 . v696 ⋅ β 4 )U U 11⋅ ⋅ΔΔPP Fordifferent
can
can
be used
Liquids
be used
fluids
Y= to1
to1
3.2.7
3.2.7 Expansion Y = 1 − ( 0Re
. 649 = U
+ 0 . 696 ⋅
⋅⋅ β β 8 )
U ⋅ Δ P For Liquids Y =
ββ84))) Uk1kk1⋅ ⋅⋅⋅PΔ PP
4
3.2.6 Expansion
3.2.8 Number
V-Cone
Expansion
Factor
Number Gas
Factor Y
Y ==
=111−−−(((000.649 755++
..755 +0466.696 ..78
78μμ
1
Forcorrelate
Liquids
correlate
Liquidsmeter
meter
Y = 1
3.2.8
3.2.7
Expansion
Factor
Expansion
Factor Y ⋅ P For
For calibration
Liquids
Y=1
Y in
= 1
Wafer
Factor
Wafer
Gas
Gas
k ⋅ PP
8 U 1k⋅ ⋅ΔP
calibration in
3.2.8
3.2.8
3.2.9 Factor
Expansion
Steam
Liquid Density
Density Y = 1 − ρ( 0= . ρ
755 =
from ρ
+ 6
steam . 78 ⋅ ⋅S β
tables ) U ⋅ Δ P For different
LiquidsfluidsY=1
3.2.8
3.2.9 Expansion
Liquid
V-Cone
Wafer Density
Gas
Gas Y = 1 − (0.755 ρ = +ρ water 6.78⋅⋅SβLL ) UU 8 1
k ⋅ P For Liquidsfluids
different Y=1
Factor
V-Cone Gas water
U k ⋅
⋅ Δ
⋅⋅
P Δ
P
Δ P
P
Factor S ⋅
78g ⋅⋅S⋅β P
⋅ ββ 4))) 1
4
YY ==11−− ((00..649
8
3.2.7
3.2.8 Expansion
Expansion 755++ρ006..696
649 S696
1 1
For
For Liquids
Liquids YY == 11
3.2.7
3.2.9
3.2.10
3.2.9 Expansion
Liquid
Gas
Gas Density
Density
Density ρ = U g P k k⋅ P⋅ P For SeeLiquids
note 2 Y = 1
3.2.10
3.2.9 Gas
Liquid Factor
Factor
Density
Density
Factor ρ = ρ
U water
water
5
5 Z ⋅ TL
⋅ S L
k⋅P
3.2.9 Wafer
Liquid
Wafer
Gas
Density
Gas ρ = ρ S Zg ⋅⋅⋅STP U ⋅ ΔP
3.2.10
3.2.8 Gas Actual
Density Y ==11−− ((00..ρ 755 = U+water 56.78
S g ⋅⋅ PβL 88 )Δ UP11 ⋅ ΔP For Liquids
3.2.10
3.2.8 GasExpansion
Actual
Density Y ρ755 =CU + 6 . 78 ⋅ β ) Δ Pk ⋅ P See
For notes 2,Y3=&1
3.2.11 Expansion
ActualVolume
Volume Q = F ⋅ ⋅ Y S Z ⋅ k
⋅⋅ T P ⋅ SeeLiquids
notes 2,Y 3= &1
3.2.11
3.2.10
3.2.10 Gas
Factor
Volume
Factor
Density Q = F a ⋅ C
ρa = UD 5
D 5
⋅ Y Z g⋅ ⋅kT ⋅1
1 ρ k ⋅ P 5
5
Flowrate
Flowrate
Actual ρ
Flowrate ρ = ρ ⋅ S Δ P
⋅ YZ⋅ ⋅kT
3.2.9 Liquid Density
Actual See notesactual2, 3 &
3.2.9
3.2.11 Liquid Density
Volume Q = Fρa ⋅=CρD water water S1 L⋅L ΔP Converts
See notesactual2, 3 &
3.2.11 Standard
Volume
Actual
Standard
Gas
Gas Q = F Q⋅ C = ⎛ ⋅ Y
Q PS ⋅* k
T ⋅ρ ⋅⋅
bP⋅ Z ΔZ ρ
b P⎞ Converts
flow to 5
standard
3.2.11 Flowrate
Mass Flow a D ⎛ P ⋅ T
⋅ ⎜⋅ YS g⋅ k⋅ bP⋅ bρ⎟⎟
1 ⎞ 5
3.2.12 Volume QQ Faρ= Q See notes
flow to standard 2, 3&
m g
Flowrate Q=STD =⋅==C U
QU D⋅ ⎜
3.2.10
3.2.11
3.2.12 Gas Density
Volume STD ρ 5 P ⋅ 1T ⋅ Z ⎟ flow at base
3.2.10 Gas Density
Flowrate
Standard
Flowrate Gas ⎜
⎝⎝⎛5 PPZbb⋅ T⋅ T ⋅⋅ZZ ρ⎠⎠⎞ Converts 5
flow at base
Converts
actual
actual
Standard Gas Z ⋅T flowconditions
to standard
3.2.12 Volume
Actual QSTD = Q ⋅ ⎛⎜⎜ P ⋅ Tbb ⋅ Z bbΔ⎞⎟⎟P flow conditions
Converts to standard
actual
3.2.12
Notes: Volume
ActualGas QSTD = Q ⋅ ⎛⎜ PPb⋅ T⋅ T ⋅⋅ZZΔ⎞⎟P See flow at base
notes 2, 3 &
3.2.11 Standard Flowrate
Volume Q == Fa ⋅⋅C C D⎝⎝⋅⋅YYPb⋅⋅k⋅kT b1 ⋅ ⋅ Zb ⎠ See
flowflownotes
to at base
2, 3 &
standard
3.2.11
3.2.12 Flowrate
Volume
Volume Q Q F = Q ⋅ ⎜ ρ⎠
⎟ conditions
5
Flowrate a D ⎜ equations 1 ⎟ conditions
at5 base
⎝ Pb ⋅ T ⋅ Z ρ⎠
1. Material Thermal Expansion – The thermal expansion
Flowrate
STD correct for dimensional flow changes
Flowrate
which occur as the operating temperature deviates from the base temperature of 68° conditions
Converts
F (see actual
3.2.3
Standard Gas ⋅TTb ⋅⋅ZZ b ⎞⎞if the operating temperature
⎛ PPequation Converts actual
and Standard
3.2.4) The Fa Gascan be excluded from the flow
factor ⎛ ⋅ flow to standard
is:
3.2.12 Volume QSTD == Q Q ⋅⋅⎜⎜⎜ b ⎟ flow to standard
3.2.12 Volume Q P ⋅
b
T ⋅ Z ⎟⎟ flow at base
⎜⎝ Pb<⋅ T ⋅ Z ⎟⎠⎠K.
STD flow at base
Flowrate
< 100° Fahrenheit , < 559.67° Rankine , < 37.78° Celsius,
Flowrate ⎝ b 310.93 conditions
conditions
If the Fa factor is significant and the operating temperature is stable then a constant Fa value
can be used. If the Fa factor is significant and the temperature varies then an Fa factor should be
calculated prior to every flow calculation.
2. This equation is for ideal gases. It can be used for steam if steam tables are not available in your
computer system. There will be a slight error when used for steam. The error will depend on your
operating temperature and pressure.

6
3255 WEST STETSON AVENUE • HEMET, CALIFORNIA 92545 USA Printed In the U.S.A.
TEL: 951-652-6811 • 800-220-2279 • FAX: 951-652-3078 Lit. # 30122-58 Rev. 1.0 / 3-8-17
Copyright © 2017 McCrometer, Inc. All printed material should not be changed or altered without permission of McCrometer.
Any published technical data and instructions are subject to change without notice. Contact your McCrometer representative
www.mccrometer.com for current technical data and instructions.
 The V-Cone Flow Measurement System
3.3 Application Sizing
Each V-Cone is tailored to its specific application. Before manufacturing, every V-Cone will have a
“sizing” completed according to the physical parameters of the application. The computer generated
sizing uses application data as a basis to predict the V-Cone’s performance. Full scale DP, working
flow range, expected accuracy, and predicted pressure loss are determined by the sizing process.

3.4 Calibration
McCrometer has 4 V-Cone test lines and can calibrate meters from 1/2” to 48” with a high degree of
accuracy.
Test Lines:
Location Type Size Range Flow Range Fluid
Hemet, CA Gravimetric ½” to 3” 195 GPM Water
Hemet, CA Gravimetric 3” to 16” 3100 GPM Water
Hemet, CA Transfer Standard ½” to 2” 150 SCFM Air
Porterville, CA Volumetric 16” to 48” 40,000 GPM Water

McCrometer recommends calibration of every V-Cone

meter. Optimal accuracy is achieved when a full flow
range calibration is performed. In high Reynolds number
applications this may require an outside gas calibration. As
an alternative, McCrometer has developed a proprietary
method to accurately extrapolate flow calibration data. In
cases where the meter cannot be calibrated McCrometer
can estimate the meter Cf based on 20 plus years of data. Figure 7. Calibration Facility
40k Gravimetric

3.5 Materials Of Construction

All materials used for V-Cone flowmeters are certified. Materials furnished to McCrometer include
a certified material test report (CMTR) from the original material manufacturer. The test reports
include material composition and applicable material grades. Upon request copies of the material
test reports can be supplied to our customers. See section 6 for typical materials of construction.

3.6 Valve Manifolds

McCrometer recommends a three valve or five valve manifold as
part of a V-Cone flow measurement system. Manifolds allow for
in-line transmitter calibrations, isolation of the transmitter from
the transmission lines, without depressurizing the line, and in-
line purging of transmission lines.

Figure 8. Manifold

7
3255 WEST STETSON AVENUE • HEMET, CALIFORNIA 92545 USA Printed In the U.S.A.
TEL: 951-652-6811 • 800-220-2279 • FAX: 951-652-3078 Lit. # 30122-58 Rev. 1.0 / 3-8-17
Copyright © 2017 McCrometer, Inc. All printed material should not be changed or altered without permission of McCrometer.
Any published technical data and instructions are subject to change without notice. Contact your McCrometer representative
www.mccrometer.com for current technical data and instructions.
 The V-Cone Flow Measurement System
3.7 Secondary And Tertiary Instrumentation
A differential pressure transmitter measures the differential pressure signal from the primary
element. Once the signal is measured, the transmitter generates an electronic signal that is then
interpreted by a flow monitor or other process control system. For compressible fluids, line pressure
and temperature measurements are generally required for accurate flow measurement. McCrometer
offers the following flow measurement instrumentation: differential pressure transmitters, flow
computers, and pressure and temperature sensors for mass flow measurement.

Figure 9. Typical Dp Transmitters Figure 10. Flow

Computer

3.8 Meter Tag

Each V-Cone meter comes with an information tag fixed to the body of the tube. Figure 11 below
shows examples of the standard tag and the tag showing PED Certification.

Figure 11. Examples of information tags

8
3255 WEST STETSON AVENUE • HEMET, CALIFORNIA 92545 USA Printed In the U.S.A.
TEL: 951-652-6811 • 800-220-2279 • FAX: 951-652-3078 Lit. # 30122-58 Rev. 1.0 / 3-8-17
Copyright © 2017 McCrometer, Inc. All printed material should not be changed or altered without permission of McCrometer.
Any published technical data and instructions are subject to change without notice. Contact your McCrometer representative
www.mccrometer.com for current technical data and instructions.
 Installation

4.0
4.1 Scope
This section provides recommendations for impulse tubing connections allowing the differential
pressure generated by the V-Cone to be transmitted to the secondary device, normally a Differential
Pressure Transmitter. The connection methods are designed to minimize errors in the pressure signal.
Installation
4.2 Safety
The differential pressure signal must be transmitted in a safe manner, within piping, tubing, or
the manifold block, to the secondary device. The fluid between the primary and secondary device
must be safely contained. Safe containment of the fluid requires strict adherence to the applicable
standards and codes, proper materials selection, including the gaskets, and acceptable fabrication
methodology.

WARNING! When installing the impulse lines in the high and low pressure taps, NEVER
! use dissimilar metals as this can cause corrosion and the rupture of the impulse line and
can cause serious injury or death.

• Any person installing, inspecting, or maintaining a McCrometer flowmeter should have an under
standing of piping configurations and systems under pressure.
• The high and low pressure ports and/or optional instrumentation ports may be fitted with plastic
thread protector plugs. These must be removed prior to pressurizing the system. Failure to do
so may result in serious injury.
• Before adjusting or removing any meter, be certain the system has been depressurized
completely. Never attempt to remove a meter under pressure!
• Be careful when lifting meters. Meters can cause serious injury if lifted incorrectly or dropped.
• Use only necessary and appropriate tools when working on a meter.
• Properly secure all connections before starting a system. Keep a safe and prudent distance away
from the meter during system start-up.
• Meters used in oil & gas or flammable service require a ground wire connection to arrest any
static electricity discharge.

4.3 Unpacking
McCrometer tests and inspects all products during manufacture and before shipment. However,
inspect the meter and accessories at the time of unpacking to detect any damage that might have
occurred during shipment. If there is a question regarding the paperwork or the flowmeter, please
contact your McCrometer representative.
Dp
4.4 Orientation H L

A flow label is placed on each V-Cone to show the direction

of flow through the meter. For most line sizes, the centerline Low
of the pressure sensing taps are located 2.12” apart. The Pressure
Port
high pressure tap is upstream. The low pressure tap is
downstream. (See Figure 12.) This information is necessary
when connecting the differential pressure measuring device.

4.5 Piping Specification Figure 12. High and Low Ports

The pipe, tubing, or manifold installed between the
primary and secondary elements must comply with national and local standards, regulations, and
codes of practice. A process piping specification will include the specification for the isolation valve
(or block valve) closest to the primary element. The specification for the piping or tubing between
this isolation valve and the secondary device, including any additional valves, may differ from the
piping specification for the root (primary) isolation valves. The smaller size and lower temperatures in
the impulse lines often justify these differences.

9
3255 WEST STETSON AVENUE • HEMET, CALIFORNIA 92545 USA Printed In the U.S.A.
TEL: 951-652-6811 • 800-220-2279 • FAX: 951-652-3078 Lit. # 30122-58 Rev. 1.0 / 3-8-17
Copyright © 2017 McCrometer, Inc. All printed material should not be changed or altered without permission of McCrometer.
Any published technical data and instructions are subject to change without notice. Contact your McCrometer representative
www.mccrometer.com for current technical data and instructions.
 Installation
An approved hydrostatic test or pneumatic test may be required for piping systems to prove the
integrity of the pressure containing parts of the system.
The break (change) in piping specification between the process (primary) and the instrument
(secondary) side is normally at the process isolation valve (root valve) at its secondary connection
end. If flanged, then the specification break will occur at the mating face of the secondary side flange.

4.6 Piping Requirements

The recommended straight, unobstructed pipe run upstream of a V-Cone is zero to three diameters.
The recommended run downstream of a V-Cone is zero to one diameter. “Diameter” here refers to the
nominal pipe size of the pipe run.
McCrometer, along with several independent testing facilities, has tested the V-Cone in several
common piping configurations. These tests have proven the V‑Cone to be within accuracy
specifications even when close coupled with single 90° elbows or double 90° elbows out-of-plane.
The V-Cone can also be used in lines slightly larger than the meter tube.
In applications where the meter tube is larger than the adjacent line, such as with cement lined
piping, the user should consult the factory for additional installation requirements.

4.7 Isolation (Block) Valves

To provide best maintenance access of the impulse piping and secondary elements, it is recommended
that root block valves be installed immediately adjacent to the pressure taps of the V-Cone. If liquid
could fill the impulse lines, the root block valves should be arranged so as not to impede fluid
movement and proper settling and it may be necessary to install these valves on sloping lines. When
specifying root isolation valves, practical considerations include:
a. The valve must be rated for the pipe operating pressure
b. There must be a careful choice of both valve and packing, particularly in the case of dangerous
or corrosive fluids, and with gases such as oxygen
c. Valves must be chosen that do not affect the transmission of a pressure signal, particularly when
that signal is subject to any degree of fluctuation.
Ball valves and gate valves are recommended for this application. Globe style block valves are not
recommended for DP transmission lines.

Figure 13. Isolation (Block) Valves

4.8 Valve Manifolds

Valve manifolds are often installed to permit operating, calibrating and troubleshooting the
secondary device, without removing it. A typical valve manifold configuration is shown in Figure 14.
These manifolds are used:
a. To isolate the secondary device from the impulse lines
b. To open a path (bypass) between the high and low pressure sides of the secondary device. The
secondary device zero (no flow signal) can be adjusted at operating pressure with one block
valve closed and the bypass valve(s) open.

10
3255 WEST STETSON AVENUE • HEMET, CALIFORNIA 92545 USA Printed In the U.S.A.
TEL: 951-652-6811 • 800-220-2279 • FAX: 951-652-3078 Lit. # 30122-58 Rev. 1.0 / 3-8-17
Copyright © 2017 McCrometer, Inc. All printed material should not be changed or altered without permission of McCrometer.
Any published technical data and instructions are subject to change without notice. Contact your McCrometer representative
www.mccrometer.com for current technical data and instructions.
 Installation
c. To drain or vent the secondary device and/or the impulse piping to atmosphere.
d. A 5 way manifold can be used to provide connection of the secondary device to a “dead weight”
or other reference calibrator to enable “in situ” calibration of the differential pressure device.
Manufactured valve manifolds may reduce cost and save space by integrating the required valves
and connections into one assembly. Valve manifolds must be installed in the orientation specified
by the manufacturer to avoid possible errors caused by trapped pockets of gas or liquid in the body.

Figure 14. A 3-way Manifold Block mounted with a DP Transducer

4.9 Installation
The preferred design will minimize the distance between the primary and secondary devices, while
still providing the necessary cooling for the protection of the secondary device in applications, such
as steam. The connecting piping is commonly referred to as “impulse lines”, “sensing lines”, “gauge
lines”, “instrument tubing”, “instrument piping”, or “DP piping”.
The complete design for the installation of the flow meter including the secondary elements should
consider instrument troubleshooting and calibration. Access to the impulse lines, the valves, the
valve manifold, and the secondary device will be required. Installations providing this access must
not compromise the measurement accuracy by adding excessively long impulse lines and numerous
fittings.
NOTE: Impulse piping should be kept as short as possible for accurate measurement. Longer
and more complex piping may increase uncertainties and provide more opportunities for plugging.
Plugged lines lead to loss of control and may create hazardous situations. Good design practice will
allow for natural draining of liquids and venting of gases from the impulse lines.
Note: As a general rule liquids fall and gases rise and this determines the orientation of
pipework.
Any difference in elevation between the primary device pressure taps and the secondary device will
result in a pressure difference between the two ends of the impulse lines due to the hydrostatic
pressure of the liquid column in the impulse lines. The impulse lines shall be installed in such a way
that the hydrostatic pressure in the two impulse lines is identical. If the fluids in the two lines are
not identical in density, a difference in pressure is generated. Density differences will arise if there
is a temperature difference between the fluids in the two impulse lines. It is recommended that, if
possible, the two impulse lines are fastened together, and if insulated, they are insulated together.
Non-identical fluids in the two impulse lines can also give rise to density differences and should be
avoided.

4.10 Pressure Taps

The pressure tap is part of the primary device. The line pressure, required for the calculation of flow
rate, is measured from the upstream pressure tap.

11
3255 WEST STETSON AVENUE • HEMET, CALIFORNIA 92545 USA Printed In the U.S.A.
TEL: 951-652-6811 • 800-220-2279 • FAX: 951-652-3078 Lit. # 30122-58 Rev. 1.0 / 3-8-17
Copyright © 2017 McCrometer, Inc. All printed material should not be changed or altered without permission of McCrometer.
Any published technical data and instructions are subject to change without notice. Contact your McCrometer representative
www.mccrometer.com for current technical data and instructions.
 Installation
4.11 Remote Seals or Chemical Seals
In very dirty services, pre-filled physical barrier diaphragm seals, called remote seals or chemical seals,
can be used. Deflection of the diaphragm requires some additional force that must be considered in
the calibration process. For most DP meters, diaphragms add significant uncertainty to the meter
reading.
Errors are reduced with larger diaphragms and good design. To ensure measurement sensitivity,
diaphragms are typically 3” or 4” (80 or 100 mm) in diameter. It is recommended that the impulse
lines or capillary tubes to remote seals be of identical length and be arranged to reduce exposure to
different temperatures

4.12 Impulse Line: General

The required diameter of impulse lines depends on service conditions. The bore should not be
smaller than ¼” (6 mm) and should preferably be at least 3/8” (10 mm). The internal diameter shall
preferably not exceed 1” (25 mm). For steam applications 3/8” (10mm) to 1” (25mm) should be used.
Most instrument tubing is 316 SS but for offshore applications Duplex Steel may well be the preferred
material to avoid salt spray corrosion of the piping.
Note: In all cases, chemical compatibility with the environment and process medium is paramount.

4.13 Impulse Line: Process Industries

In most process control applications, the primary concern is reliability. If the pressure taps or the
impulse lines plug, then the DP signal is lost. This may result in a dangerous or expensive loss of
control. High reliability is required for flow signals used in process safety management. A minimum
I.D. of 5/8” (16 mm) is recommended in industrial applications. Some users even specify ¾” (18 mm)
as the minimum I.D. For high temperatures in condensing vapor service, 1” (25 mm) is specified to
allow for unimpeded flow of condensate. In small piping and with clean fluids, appropriate smaller
sizes may be used. In all configurations, it is recommended that stainless steel impulse lines are used.

4.14 Impulse Line: Steam Applications

o o
Steam temperatures could be as high as 1500 F (815 C), which is much higher than can be tolerated
by a standard DP transmitter. The standard differential pressure transducer can only tolerate a
temperature of approximately 200o F (93 o C). To isolate the transducer from the very high temperatures
the common techniques are to install a condensate pot in the line or to have a sufficiently long DP leg
to allow for sensing leg cooling prior to the transmitter. In all configurations, it is recommended that
stainless steel impulse lines are used.
To ensure that the DP transmitter is not exposed to excessive temperatures the impulse
o o
line length needs to have a length such that the temperature is below 200 F (93 C) at the
transducer. A guideline to achieve that is to work on the basis of a temperature drop of 100o
F (38o C) per foot (305mm) of impulse piping. However, the operator must ensure that for the
particular local set of conditions the required temperature at the transmitter is achieved.

4.15 Insulation
Some hot or very cold lines require thermal insulation for personnel protection. It may also be
necessary to insulate and “heat trace” the impulse lines to avoid freezing or unintended condensation.
The amount of heat used must avoid the undesired vaporizing of liquids in liquid filled lines, or
the prevention of condensation with condensable vapors. Bundling the impulse lines together so
that the impulse lines will be at approximately the same temperature is preferred. Having the DP
transmitter in a temperature controlled Instrument Housing is good practice for accurate metering in
an environment exposed to large temperature variations such as an offshore platform or a desert site.

12
3255 WEST STETSON AVENUE • HEMET, CALIFORNIA 92545 USA Printed In the U.S.A.
TEL: 951-652-6811 • 800-220-2279 • FAX: 951-652-3078 Lit. # 30122-58 Rev. 1.0 / 3-8-17
Copyright © 2017 McCrometer, Inc. All printed material should not be changed or altered without permission of McCrometer.
Any published technical data and instructions are subject to change without notice. Contact your McCrometer representative
www.mccrometer.com for current technical data and instructions.
 Installation
4.16 Horizontal Piping Installations: Condensing Vapors
This is the most difficult application for DP piping and requires careful consideration during
installation. Steam can be at a very high temperature which can damage the transmitter; in addition,
it can be in the liquid or gaseous phase depending on temperature and pressure. As such, the DP
pipework must be oriented in such a manner that it can operate with a gas or liquid present.
The pressure taps shall be on the horizontal centerline (3 o’clock or 9 o’clock ) of the primary device. In
condensing hot vapor service, such as steam, the fluid in the impulse lines is liquid condensed from
the vapor. In this case the pressure taps should be horizontal with the impulse lines oriented to the
DP transmitter, in accordance with Figure 15.
There is a concern that at start-up the secondary device could become exposed to the vapor
temperature before the lines fill with condensed liquid and cool. In this case it is prudent to have a
plugged Tee fitting in the impulse line to enable the impulse line and secondary device to be filled
with liquid (water for steam service) prior to start up (see Figure 15).
Cryogenic (very low temperature) systems may require special designs not considered here. The
liquids in the lines will isolate the secondary device from the temperatures of the primary flowing
fluid. The temperature difference may be considerable over a short distance of 100 mm (4”) to 200
mm (8”).

18” 18”

NOTE: The
recommended
distance between the
meter and transmitter
is 18 inches.

Figure 15. Horizontal Piping Installation for Condensing Vapor Application (e.g. Steam)

13
3255 WEST STETSON AVENUE • HEMET, CALIFORNIA 92545 USA Printed In the U.S.A.
TEL: 951-652-6811 • 800-220-2279 • FAX: 951-652-3078 Lit. # 30122-58 Rev. 1.0 / 3-8-17
Copyright © 2017 McCrometer, Inc. All printed material should not be changed or altered without permission of McCrometer.
Any published technical data and instructions are subject to change without notice. Contact your McCrometer representative
www.mccrometer.com for current technical data and instructions.
 Installation
4.17 Vertical Piping Installations: Condensing vapors, i.e. steam
With condensing vapors, using wall taps is strongly recommended. This prevents condensate
from building up in the cone or evaporating and changing the DP. The impulse lines are taken
out horizontally to a “T”. This distance should be a minimum of 18” for saturated steam; and for
superheated steam it should be long enough to reduce the temperature to below the saturation
temperature. The “T” enables a plug to be installed at the top for liquid filling purposes to avoid
overheating of the DP cell. The manifold block will be placed directly below at a distance compatible
with maintaining the DP transmitter at a safe operating temperature.

Figure 16. Vertical Up Flow Piping Installation for Condensing Vapor Application (e.g. steam)

4.18 Calibration Compensated Installation

The two impulse lines leave the pipe horizontally and then turn down to the secondary device. The
zero of the secondary device must be adjusted to account for the difference in heights of the two
impulse lines and the contained liquid. The vertical legs should be filled manually and completely.
Do not let the process fill these legs.

14
3255 WEST STETSON AVENUE • HEMET, CALIFORNIA 92545 USA Printed In the U.S.A.
TEL: 951-652-6811 • 800-220-2279 • FAX: 951-652-3078 Lit. # 30122-58 Rev. 1.0 / 3-8-17
Copyright © 2017 McCrometer, Inc. All printed material should not be changed or altered without permission of McCrometer.
Any published technical data and instructions are subject to change without notice. Contact your McCrometer representative
www.mccrometer.com for current technical data and instructions.
 Installation
4.19 Vertical Down Flow Piping Installations: Condensing Vapors, i.e. Steam
The upper impulse line is taken out horizontally to a “T” piece. The “T” piece enables a plug to be
installed at the top for liquid filling purposes to avoid overheating of the DP Cell. The temperature at
the “T” piece should be below the saturation point. The manifold block will be placed directly below
at a distance compatible with maintaining the DP transmitter at a safe operating temperature.

Figure 17. Vertical Down Flow Piping Installation for Condensing Vapor Application
(e.g. Steam)

15
3255 WEST STETSON AVENUE • HEMET, CALIFORNIA 92545 USA Printed In the U.S.A.
TEL: 951-652-6811 • 800-220-2279 • FAX: 951-652-3078 Lit. # 30122-58 Rev. 1.0 / 3-8-17
Copyright © 2017 McCrometer, Inc. All printed material should not be changed or altered without permission of McCrometer.
Any published technical data and instructions are subject to change without notice. Contact your McCrometer representative
www.mccrometer.com for current technical data and instructions.
 Installation
4.20 Supporting Manifold Blocks and Dual Transmitters
When flow turndowns exceed 10:1, two transmitters of different ranges would be required to obtain
a very accurate measurement. The drawing below illustrates how this would be done where the DP
piping comes from above. The complete unit could be inverted for installations where the Transmitter
would be mounted above the V-Cone meter. Each transmitter should be supported. A common
practice is to secure the transmitters to a 2” (50mm) pipe via mounting brackets.

TEMPERATURE PROBE

dP TRANSMITTER

dP TRANSMITTER

STATIC PRESSURE TRANSMITTER

Figure 18. Dual DP Transmitters Mounting Technique

16
3255 WEST STETSON AVENUE • HEMET, CALIFORNIA 92545 USA Printed In the U.S.A.
TEL: 951-652-6811 • 800-220-2279 • FAX: 951-652-3078 Lit. # 30122-58 Rev. 1.0 / 3-8-17
Copyright © 2017 McCrometer, Inc. All printed material should not be changed or altered without permission of McCrometer.
Any published technical data and instructions are subject to change without notice. Contact your McCrometer representative
www.mccrometer.com for current technical data and instructions.
 Installation
4.21 Zeroing DP Pressure Transmitters Following Installation For Steam
Flow Applications
1. Close the high and low
pressure V-Cone shut-off
valves (V1 & V2)
2. Remove vent plugs P1 and
P2.
3. Fill impulse lines with clean
water/glycol solution by
pouring through P1 & P2.
4. With impulse lines filled,
adjust transmitter gauge
pressure to read zero.
5. Adjust transmitter DP to
zero.
6. Replace and tighten vent
plugs P1 and P2 and slowly
open high and low pressure
V-Cone shut-off valves V1
and V2.
7. Allow time for excess Figure 19. Transmitter Calibration For Steam
impulse liquid to drain back Application
into V-Cone and for the system to stabilize. This may take several minutes. Verify that there are
no leaks in the impulse line components and connections.

4.22 Zeroing Low Range Transmitters

When zeroing low range transmitters (example 25”), you may need to zero more than the transmitter
will allow. Some transmitters will not let you zero more than 10% of full scale. With vertical steam
meters you may have to zero 8” to 15”. If you can’t zero, you must re-range your transmitter. Example:
The required span is 0 to 17”. With the cold legs full and open to atmosphere, your transmitters shows
a negative DP (-10”).
• Span the transmitter with 4 mA equal to the value above (-10”).
• Span the transmitter with 20mA equal to the original span 17” less the negative offset (example:
17” -10 = +7”)
• This will give you a 4 to 20mA signal equal to 0 to 17”.

17
3255 WEST STETSON AVENUE • HEMET, CALIFORNIA 92545 USA Printed In the U.S.A.
TEL: 951-652-6811 • 800-220-2279 • FAX: 951-652-3078 Lit. # 30122-58 Rev. 1.0 / 3-8-17
Copyright © 2017 McCrometer, Inc. All printed material should not be changed or altered without permission of McCrometer.
Any published technical data and instructions are subject to change without notice. Contact your McCrometer representative
www.mccrometer.com for current technical data and instructions.
 Installation
4.23 Differential Pressure Measurement
With current technology the differential pressure is normally measured with a differential pressure
transmitter. These transmitters may simply record the differential pressure and provide a 4-20mA
signal to a flow computer or to DCS system.
McCrometer does not show any preference to the differential pressure transducer manufacturer.
However, McCrometer has worked with the transducer suppliers which produce intelligent devices
which require the V-Cone algorithms to generate a flow rate rather than a differential pressure output.
Such cooperation has taken place with Foxboro and Rosemount.
Note: It is absolutely essential that the DP transducer is ranged for the specific V-Cone meter.
Each meter will produce a range of differential pressure and the transducer must cover that
range e.g. a V-cone with a max. flow producing 230 inch water column would use a 250 inch
or 300 inch DP transducer and would be spanned for 230 inches. The DP transducer must also
be selected for the operating pressure and temperature of the metering application. It is also
necessary that the DP transducer will cover the lower range of the DP produced accurately.
DP transducers are notoriously inaccurate at the bottom end of the range. For flow ranges
over 10:1, stacking transmitters is recommended. Stacking transmitters is a system with two
transmitters where one measures the low DPs and the other measures the high DPs.

4.24 Temperature And Pressure Measurement

In the flow measurement calculation for all DP devices it is necessary to include the temperature
and pressure measured upstream of the meter. For accurate temperature measurement for orifice
metering, (which are very susceptible to upstream disturbances from items such as thermo wells), it
has been necessary to install the thermo well downstream and make a correction to the upstream
condition. In the case of V-Cone meters, which are always calibrated and have very little influence by
upstream disturbances, the thermo well can be located upstream of the cone and the meter calibrated
with the thermo well in position. Not all users measure the temperature via a thermo well, and for
stable temperature conditions there has been an increasing tendency to install a thermocouple or
temperature probe on the outside of the upstream piping and cover it with insulation.

18
3255 WEST STETSON AVENUE • HEMET, CALIFORNIA 92545 USA Printed In the U.S.A.
TEL: 951-652-6811 • 800-220-2279 • FAX: 951-652-3078 Lit. # 30122-58 Rev. 1.0 / 3-8-17
Copyright © 2017 McCrometer, Inc. All printed material should not be changed or altered without permission of McCrometer.
Any published technical data and instructions are subject to change without notice. Contact your McCrometer representative
www.mccrometer.com for current technical data and instructions.
 Dimensions

5.0
5.1 Face To Face Dimensions
Please reference the V-Cone configuration sheets for more complete technical data.

Dimensions
Beveled
Threaded ANSI 150,300
Size Plain Slip On
inch inch mm inch mm
½ 7.75 197 8 203
¾ 7.75 197 8 203
1 7.75 197 8 203
1½ 9.75 248 10 254
2 11.63 295 12 305
2½ 11.50 292 12 305
3 13.50 343 14 356
4 15.50 394 16 406
5 21.50 546 22 559
6 21.50 546 22 559
8 25.25 641 26 660
10 27.25 692 28 711
12 29.25 743 30 762
14 29 737 30 762
16 29 737 30 762
18 31 787 32 813
20 35 889 36 914
24 47 1194 48 1219

19
3255 WEST STETSON AVENUE • HEMET, CALIFORNIA 92545 USA Printed In the U.S.A.
TEL: 951-652-6811 • 800-220-2279 • FAX: 951-652-3078 Lit. # 30122-58 Rev. 1.0 / 3-8-17
Copyright © 2017 McCrometer, Inc. All printed material should not be changed or altered without permission of McCrometer.
Any published technical data and instructions are subject to change without notice. Contact your McCrometer representative
www.mccrometer.com for current technical data and instructions.
 Model Selections

6.0
6.1 Precision Tube V-Cone Model Template
Examples:
Model Description
VS06QE04N V-Cone 6” S304 S40 W/ ANSI CL 300 Flanges
Model VB24SD00N V-Cone 24” Coated Carbon Steel w/ Beveled Ends
SPECIFICATION SHEET
Selections Materials continued on next page.
MODEL
6.1.1
ExactSteam
North American Region
™
V-Cone ® North America

Primary Element

Steam Line Materials Schedule Flange & Class Process Connection

Designation Size Code Description Code Description Code Description Code Description
EVS 02* Carbon Steel Body, 316/L Cone, A105 D STD 01 Beveled Traditional Mount
F N
04* Carbon Steel Flange and Coupling S40 03 ANSI 150# (1/2” NPT 3000#)
E
06 A All S316/L S80 Universal Mount for
F 04 ANSI 300# W
Vertical Flow
08
10
12 Notes:
14 • RTD orientation is viewed from upstream.
16 *Carbon steel construction • Standard RTD location (90° clockwise from HP tap
not recommended for line viewed upstream)
18
sizes less than 6”. • Steam package includes 3-valve traditional manifold.
20
24

Electronics

Make DP Range* LCD Display Communication Output* Flow Computer*

-
Code Description Code Description Code Description Protocol Code Description Code Description
Endress + Hauser DP Standard Code Description Mass Panel
E 1 N No LCD A 1
Transmitter DP Range 1 HART Flow Rate Mount
Y LCD
Stacked Endress + Hauser Low DP B Energy 2 NEMA 4X
S 2
DP Transmitters Range
No Flow
Rosemount DP 0
R High DP Computer
Transmitter 3
Range
Stacked Rosemount DP
T
Transmitters
* Stacked transmitters * Manufacturer - DP Range * Standard output * Flow
Rosemount MV
M recommended for Mass - lbs / hr computer not
Transmitter Endress+Hauser 1 - 200” WC
Turndowns greater Energy - BTU / hr available with
than 10:1. Not 2 - 40” WC multivariable
available with MV 3 - 1200” WC transmitter.
transmitter.
Rosemount 1 - 250” WC
2 - 25” WC
3 - 1000” WC

(B) 270° placement

Options
Accreditation Options RTD Positioning
- Code Description Options
P PP Code Description
(A) 180° placement Viewed from
- 90° (6 o’clock) HP Tap
upstream
A 180° (9 o’clock)
B 270° (12 o’clock)
No RTD or
C
thermowell
(-) 90° (standard) placement

3255 WEST STETSON AVENUE • HEMET, CALIFORNIA 92545 USA

20 • FAX: 951-652-3078 Printed In The U.S.A.
TEL: 951-652-6811 • 800-220-2279 Lit. # 30122-63 Rev. 1.0 / 3-8-17
Copyright © 2017 McCrometer, Inc. All printed material should not be changed or altered without permission of McCrometer. Any published
www.mccrometer.com 3255 WEST
technical dataSTETSON AVENUE
and instructions • HEMET,
are subject CALIFORNIA
to change without notice.92545
Contact USA Printed
your McCrometer representative for current technicalIn theandU.S.A.
data
TEL: 951-652-6811
instructions. • 800-220-2279
V-Cone is a registered Trademark•ofFAX: 951-652-3078
McCrometer, Inc. Lit. # 30122-58 Rev. 1.0 / 3-8-17
Copyright © 2017 McCrometer, Inc. All printed material should not be changed or altered without permission of McCrometer.
Any published technical data and instructions are subject to change without notice. Contact your McCrometer representative
www.mccrometer.com for current technical data and instructions.
 Model Selections
SPECIFICATION SHEET
MODEL
6.1.2
ExactSteam™ V-Cone®
Latin American Region Latin America

Primary Element

Steam Line Materials Schedule Flange & Class Process Connection

Designation Size Code Description Code Description Code Description Code Description
EVS 02* Carbon Steel Body, 316/L Cone, A105 D STD 11 Beveled Traditional Mount
F N
04* Carbon Steel Flange and Coupling S40 13 ANSI 150# (1/2” NPT 3000#)
E
06 A All S316/L S80 Universal Mount for
F 14 ANSI 300# W
Vertical Flow
08
10
12 Notes:
14 • RTD orientation is viewed from upstream.
16 *Carbon steel construction • Standard RTD location (90° clockwise from HP tap
not recommended for line viewed upstream)
18
sizes less than 6”. • Steam package includes 3-valve traditional manifold.
20
24

Electronics

Make DP Range* LCD Display Communication Output* Flow Computer*

-
Code Description Code Description Code Description Protocol Code Description Code Description
Endress + Hauser DP Standard Code Description Mass Panel
E 1 N No LCD A 1
Transmitter DP Range 1 HART Flow Rate Mount
Y LCD
Stacked Endress + Hauser Low DP B Energy 2 NEMA 4X
S 2 0 None
DP Transmitters Range
N None No Flow
Rosemount DP 0
R High DP Computer
Transmitter 3
Range
Stacked Rosemount DP 0 None
T
Transmitters
* Manufacturer - DP Range * Standard output * Flow
Rosemount MV
M Mass - lbs / hr computer not
Transmitter * Stacked transmitters Endress+Hauser 1 - 200” WC
Energy - BTU / hr available with
recommended for 2 - 40” WC multivariable
N No Transmitter
Turndowns greater transmitter.
than 10:1. Not 3 - 1200” WC
available with MV Rosemount 1 - 250” WC
transmitter. 2 - 25” WC
3 - 1000” WC

(B) 270° placement

Options
Accreditation Options RTD Positioning
- Code Description Options
P PP Code Description
(A) 180° placement Viewed from
- 90° (6 o’clock) HP Tap
upstream
A 180° (9 o’clock)
B 270° (12 o’clock)
No RTD or
C
thermowell
(-) 90° (standard) placement

3255 WEST STETSON AVENUE • HEMET, CALIFORNIA 92545 USA

TEL: 951-652-6811 • 800-220-2279 • FAX: 951-652-3078 Printed In The U.S.A. Lit. # 30122-73 Rev. 1.0 / 3-8-17
Copyright © 2017 McCrometer, Inc. All printed material should not be changed or altered without permission of McCrometer. Any published
www.mccrometer.com technical data and instructions are subject to change without notice. Contact your McCrometer representative for current technical data and
instructions. V-Cone is a registered Trademark of McCrometer, Inc.

21
3255 WEST STETSON AVENUE • HEMET, CALIFORNIA 92545 USA Printed In the U.S.A.
TEL: 951-652-6811 • 800-220-2279 • FAX: 951-652-3078 Lit. # 30122-58 Rev. 1.0 / 3-8-17
Copyright © 2017 McCrometer, Inc. All printed material should not be changed or altered without permission of McCrometer.
Any published technical data and instructions are subject to change without notice. Contact your McCrometer representative
www.mccrometer.com for current technical data and instructions.
 Model Selections
SPECIFICATION SHEET
MODEL
6.1.3 European Region
ExactSteam™ V-Cone® Europe

Primary Element

Steam Line Size Materials Schedule Class Process Connection

Designation Description Code Description Code Description Code Description Code Description
Code
EVS (in / mm) A All S316/L D Standard 21 Beveled Traditional Mount
N
02* 2 / 50 (1/2” NPT 3000#)
A333 Gr. 6 Low Temp DIN PN16
04* 4 / 100 Body: 23
Carbon Steel Weld Neck Universal Mount
W
06 6 / 150 for Vertical Flow
Cone: S316/L DIN PN40
G 24
08 8 / 200 Weld Neck
A350LF2 CL1 Low Temp
10 10 / 250 Coupling:
Carbon Steel Notes:
12 12 / 300 Flange: P250GH • RTD orientation is viewed from upstream.
• Standard RTD location (90° clockwise from HP tap
viewed upstream).
*Carbon steel construction not recommended for line sizes
• Steam package includes 3-valve traditional manifold.
less than 6”. All line sizes are schedule standard.

Electronics

Make DP Range* LCD Display Communication Output* Flow Computer*

-
Code Description Code Description Code Description Protocol Code Description Code Description
Endress + Hauser Standard Code Description Mass Panel
E 1 N No LCD A 1
DP Transmitter DP Range 1 HART Flow Rate Mount
Y LCD
Stacked Endress Low DP B Energy 2 NEMA 4X
2 0 None
S + Hauser DP Range
Transmitters N None No Flow
0
High DP Computer
Rosemount DP 3
R Range
Transmitter
0 None
Stacked
T Rosemount DP * Manufacturer - DP Range * Standard output * Flow
Transmitters Mass - lbs / hr computer not
* Stacked transmitters Endress+Hauser 1 - 200” WC
Energy - BTU / hr available with
Rosemount MV recommended for 2 - 40” WC
M multivariable
Transmitter Turndowns greater
3 - 1200” WC transmitter.
than 10:1. Not
N No Transmitter available with MV Rosemount 1 - 250” WC
transmitter.
2 - 25” WC
3 - 1000” WC

(B) 270° placement

Options Required
RTD Positioning Accreditation
- -
Options Included
Code Description PED
(A) 180° placement Viewed from
- 90° (6 o’clock) HP Tap
upstream
A 180° (9 o’clock)
B 270° (12 o’clock)
No RTD or
C
thermowell
(-) 90° (standard) placement

3255 WEST STETSON AVENUE • HEMET, CALIFORNIA 92545 USA

TEL: 951-652-6811 • 800-220-2279 • FAX: 951-652-3078 Printed In The U.S.A. Lit. # 30122-74 Rev. 1.0 / 3-8-17
Copyright © 2017 McCrometer, Inc. All printed material should not be changed or altered without permission of McCrometer. Any published
www.mccrometer.com technical data and instructions are subject to change without notice. Contact your McCrometer representative for current technical data and
instructions. V-Cone is a registered Trademark of McCrometer, Inc.

22
3255 WEST STETSON AVENUE • HEMET, CALIFORNIA 92545 USA Printed In the U.S.A.
TEL: 951-652-6811 • 800-220-2279 • FAX: 951-652-3078 Lit. # 30122-58 Rev. 1.0 / 3-8-17
Copyright © 2017 McCrometer, Inc. All printed material should not be changed or altered without permission of McCrometer.
Any published technical data and instructions are subject to change without notice. Contact your McCrometer representative
www.mccrometer.com for current technical data and instructions.
 Maintenance
6.2 V-Cone Materials
Construction materials can include the following:

Option 1: Option 2:
Body: Carbon steel All 316/L stainless steel
Cone: 316/L stainless steel
Flange & coupling: A105 carbon steel

7.0
7.1 Periodic Maintenance
If the meter is installed correctly, there should be no reason for periodic maintenance or re-calibration. In
extreme process conditions, periodically inspect the V-Cone for any significant physical damage. Calibrate
and maintain secondary and tertiary instrumentation according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
Maintenance

8.0
8.1 Troubleshooting a V-Cone System On-Site
This guide is intended to help you troubleshoot a V-Cone system. Keep several points in mind as you
proceed:

Trouble- 1. Most V-Cones are calibrated devices. The meter has already had flow through it. If a cone is
missing or a leak exists inside the meter, this would be discovered during the calibration.
shooting 2. A flow measurement requires a system. Do not assume a problem exists with the primary
element just because it is called a V-Cone system. Most problems occur in the DP transmitter or
the flow computer.
3. This guide assumes a simple system of meter, manifold, DP transmitter, and flow computer.
Systems can be much more complex with pressure and temperature transmitters, as well as full
scale digital control systems. Do not limit your evaluation to just these suggestions.
4. If you discover a problem / solution not listed in this guide, please contact a V-Cone Application
Engineer at McCrometer: 1-951-652-6811.
This guide separates the flow measurement system into areas. These areas are labeled in the diagram
below:

Flow Computer

V-Cone Manifold Gauge Lines Transmitter

Figure 20. System areas

23
3255 WEST STETSON AVENUE • HEMET, CALIFORNIA 92545 USA Printed In the U.S.A.
TEL: 951-652-6811 • 800-220-2279 • FAX: 951-652-3078 Lit. # 30122-58 Rev. 1.0 / 3-8-17
Copyright © 2017 McCrometer, Inc. All printed material should not be changed or altered without permission of McCrometer.
Any published technical data and instructions are subject to change without notice. Contact your McCrometer representative
www.mccrometer.com for current technical data and instructions.
 Troubleshooting
During troubleshooting, make a preliminary assessment of the symptoms of the problem and consult the
following chart:
SYMPTOM AREA POSSIBLE PROBLEM / SOLUTION
No signal Transmitter No power to transmitter.
(0 mA) Transmitter Transmitter not wired correctly. Perform continuity check on wiring.
Negative signal
Transmitter Transmitter wires are reversed.
(< 0 mA)
V-Cone installed backwards, with gauge lines attached as marked. In this
V-Cone case, the high pressure tap would be sensing a lower pressure than the low
pressure tap. This negative DP would force the signal below 4 mA.
Low signal Gauge lines are reversed. Transmitter sees more pressure on low side than
Gauge lines
(<4 mA) high side. Check “H” and “L” marks on V-Cone and transmitter.
Transmitter is malfunctioning. Some transmitters will send a specified mA
Transmitter signal when a malfunction occurs. This can be set to low values, such as 3.8
mA, or high values, such as 20.1 mA.
V-Cone Meter has been damaged. Remove meter and visually inspect.
No flow in pipeline. Check other system locations to verify flow through the
V-Cone
Zero signal meter. The meter could be under pressure but still have no flow.
(4 mA) Manifold / gauge lines closed or blocked. Ensure valves and lines are open. If
Manifold fluid is safe, open vent valves on transmitter to verify pressure in the gauge
lines.
Transmitter is in check mode. Some transmitters allow for system checks by
Zero signal
Transmitter forcing the signal to 4 or 20 mA. Vent low side of transmitter to ensure the
(4 mA)
signal responds to pressure changes.
Process conditions do not match actual conditions. Contact McCrometer or
V-Cone
your sales representative to recalculate using the correct process conditions.
Wrong meter. Verify serial numbers on meters to ensure correct
V-Cone specifications. Sometimes two meters are interchanged. Remember each
V-Cone has a unique flow coefficient.
Foreign material trapped in gauge lines. Dirt and sediment can settle into
the gauge lines. If the fluid is safe, vent the gauge lines and inspect for spurts
of solids, gasses, or liquids (whichever should not be there). If the fluid is
not safe, open the center manifold valve for several minutes under high DP.
Wrong signal – Gauge lines
Close the valve and compare the signal level to before. In a horizontal, liquid
high or low
application, install the meter with the taps on the sides of the pipe (3 or 9
o’clock) For a horizontal, gas application, install at top or sides of the pipe (12,
3, or 9 o’clock).
Flow calculations are in error. Use loop calibrator and apply 4, 12, and 20 mA
Flow
to computer / system. Each of these points should correlate with the V-Cone
computer
sizing information.
mA signal is read incorrectly. Apply a known current to the loop and read the
Flow
raw signal in the computer. Most computers allow the user to see the mA
computer
signal directly.
DP span is set too low. Use pressure calibrator or handheld communicator to
Transmitter
verify span point.
Both the transmitter and flow computer are set to take the square root of the
Transmitter / signal. The signal will be correct at 20 mA. The positive error will increase
flow computer dramatically as the signal decreases from 20 mA. Use a loop calibrator to
Signal too high
check 12 mA point.
4 mA set to minimum flow. Our calculations assume that 4 mA will be equal
Flow to zero flow. Sometimes 4 mA is set to equal the minimum flow on the
computer sizing page. This error will be zero at maximum flow and increase as the flow
decreases. The amount of error will depend on the zero offset.

24
3255 WEST STETSON AVENUE • HEMET, CALIFORNIA 92545 USA Printed In the U.S.A.
TEL: 951-652-6811 • 800-220-2279 • FAX: 951-652-3078 Lit. # 30122-58 Rev. 1.0 / 3-8-17
Copyright © 2017 McCrometer, Inc. All printed material should not be changed or altered without permission of McCrometer.
Any published technical data and instructions are subject to change without notice. Contact your McCrometer representative
www.mccrometer.com for current technical data and instructions.
 Troubleshooting
SYMPTOM AREA POSSIBLE PROBLEM / SOLUTION
V-Cone is installed backwards. Look for a flow direction arrow on the meter
body, near the pressure taps. If no arrow is visible and the meter is large than
2 inches, the flow direction can be determined by the location of the pressure
taps. The pressure taps will be closer to the upstream side. On meters less
V-Cone
than 2 inches, the gauge lines will need to be removed. Look at the base
of both pressure taps. One tap will be smooth at the base, the other will be
mostly weld material. The smooth tap is on the upstream side. With a meter
measuring backward flow, the DP signal will be approximately 30% too high.
Flow is going in the opposite direction from what was expected. The
assumption of flow direction is sometimes wrong. Verify with other system
V-Cone
readings. With a meter measuring backward flow, the DP signal will be
Signal too high
approximately 30% too high.
Foreign object lodged in meter. This will increase the restriction of the meter
V-Cone
and raise the DP. Remove the meter and visually inspect.
Leak on low pressure gauge line. Perform a leak check from the meter to the
Gauge lines
transmitter.
Transmitter Leak on low pressure vent valve. Perform a leak check on valve.
Zero point has shifted positively. This will cause errors more pronounced
at the low end of the transmitter range. Verify by closing the manifold side
Transmitter
valves and opening the center valve. The reading should go to zero (4 mA).
Recalibrate if necessary.
Manifold is cross-vented. The center valve must be closed. To test, close the
Manifold two side valves and watch the transmitter signal. If the signal goes to zero (4
ma), the center valve is not closed completely.
Leak on high pressure gauge line. Perform a leak check from the meter to the
Gauge lines
transmitter.
Transmitter Leak on high pressure vent valve. Perform a leak check on valve.
Zero point has shifted negatively. This will cause errors more pronounced
at the low end of the transmitter range. Verify by closing the manifold side
Signal too low Transmitter
valves and opening the center valve. The reading should go to zero (4 mA).
Recalibrate if necessary.
DP span is set too high. Use pressure calibrator or handheld communicator to
Transmitter
verify span point.
Neither the transmitter nor flow computer is set to take the square root of the
Transmitter / signal. The signal will be correct at 20 mA. The negative error will increase
flow computer dramatically as the signal decreases from 20 mA. Use a loop calibrator to
check 12 mA point.
Partially full pipe occurring (liquids only). Periods with a partially full pipe will
V-Cone
Unsteady cause erratic readings. See above for details.
signal Power supply not supplying enough power to create signal. Check power
Transmitter
specifications for transmitter.
Slow response
Transmitter Dampening.
time
Foreign object lodged in meter. This will increase the restriction of the meter
Sudden change V-Cone
and raise the DP. Remove the meter and visually inspect.
in readings
Gauge lines Leaks have started.

25
3255 WEST STETSON AVENUE • HEMET, CALIFORNIA 92545 USA Printed In the U.S.A.
TEL: 951-652-6811 • 800-220-2279 • FAX: 951-652-3078 Lit. # 30122-58 Rev. 1.0 / 3-8-17
Copyright © 2017 McCrometer, Inc. All printed material should not be changed or altered without permission of McCrometer.
Any published technical data and instructions are subject to change without notice. Contact your McCrometer representative
www.mccrometer.com for current technical data and instructions.
 ExactSteam V-Cone Literature
Recommended Equipment for Troubleshooting A V-Cone Installation On-Site:
1. 4 to 20 mA loop simulator – highly recommended
2. Digital multimeter: with VDC, I, and Ω measurements
3. Pressure calibrator
4. Handheld Communicator for smart instruments
5. Hand tools: Screwdriver(+), Screwdriver (–), 12 inch crescent wrench, 4 inch crescent wrench
Some suggestions for equipment manufacturers and their products follow. A wide range of products
is available. We do not necessarily endorse the following products or companies. Please choose a
product that fits your needs and resources.
www.fluke.com
740 Series Documenting Process Calibrators
718 Pressure Calibrator
717 30G Pressure Calibrator
716 Pressure Calibrator
715 Volt/mA Calibrator
714 Thermocouple Calibrator
713 30G/100G Pressure Calibrator
712 RTD Calibrator
787 Process Meter (combination digital multimeter and loop calibrator)
705 Loop Calibrator

9.0
9.1 ExactSteam V-Cone Documentation

30122-58 IOM ExactSteam V-Cone ENGLISH

ExactSteam 30122-63 SPEC SHEET ExactSteam V-Cone (NOR-AM/ENG)

V-Cone 30122-65 ExactSteam V-Cone BROCHURE

30122-68 IOM ExactSteam V-Cone FRENCH
Literature
30122-69 IOM ExactSteam V-Cone SPANISH
30122-70 IOM ExactSteam V-Cone PORTUGUESE
30122-71 IOM ExactSteam V-Cone ITALIAN
30122-72 IOM ExactSteam V-Cone GERMAN
30122-73 SPEC SHEET ExactSteam V-Cone (LAT-AM/ENG)
30122-74 SPEC SHEET ExactSteam V-Cone (EU/ENG)
30122-75 SPEC SHEET ExactSteam V-Cone (LAT-AM/SPA)
30122-76 SPEC SHEET ExactSteam V-Cone (LAT-AM/PORT)
30122-77 SPEC SHEET ExactSteam V-Cone (EU/SPA)
30122-78 SPEC SHEET ExactSteam V-Cone (EU/PORT)
30122-79 SPEC SHEET ExactSteam V-Cone (EU/ITAL)
30122-80 SPEC SHEET ExactSteam V-Cone (EU/GER)
30122-81 SPEC SHEET ExactSteam V-Cone (EU/FREN)

26
3255 WEST STETSON AVENUE • HEMET, CALIFORNIA 92545 USA Printed In the U.S.A.
TEL: 951-652-6811 • 800-220-2279 • FAX: 951-652-3078 Lit. # 30122-58 Rev. 1.0 / 3-8-17
Copyright © 2017 McCrometer, Inc. All printed material should not be changed or altered without permission of McCrometer.
Any published technical data and instructions are subject to change without notice. Contact your McCrometer representative
www.mccrometer.com for current technical data and instructions.
 Appendices

10.0
10.1 V-Cone Installation Guide: Upstream and Downstream Minimum
Straight Pipe Run Recommendations
Table 1: McCrometer Installation Recommendations
Appendices 
For gas metering at a Reynolds number (Re) value > 200,000, and for β greater than or equal
to 0.70 add 1D
Down
Size Range Obstruction Up Stream
Stream
1 Elbow 1D 1D
2 Elbows 1D 1D
Tees 1D 1D
Not Preferred Valve

Butterfly Valve (control valve) Position Downstream

1D

Butterfly Valve (shutoff valve) 2D 1D

All Sizes
Full port Ballvalve (shutoff) 1D 1D
Heat Exchanger (Depends on Type) 1D 0D

Expander (0.67D to D) over a length of 2.5D 2D 1D

Reducer (3D to D) over a length of 3.5D 0D 0D

Note: The meter and adjoining pipe should have equal IDs.

Table 2: McCrometer Installation Recommendations

F or liquid metering and gases at a Reynolds number (Re) value less than or equal to 200,000,
and for β greater than or equal to 0.70 add 1D
Down
Size Range Obstruction Up Stream
Stream
1 Elbow 0D 0D
2 Elbows 0D 0D
Tees 0D 0D
Not Preferred Valve

Butterfly Valve (control valve) Position Downstream

1D

Butterfly Valve (shutoff valve) 2D 0D

All Sizes
Full port Ballvalve (shutoff) 0D 0D
Heat Exchanger (Depends on Type) 0D 0D

Expander (0.67D to D) over a length of 2.5D 2D 1D

Reducer (3D to D) over a length of 3.5D 0D 0D

Note: The meter and adjoining pipe should have equal IDs.

27
3255 WEST STETSON AVENUE • HEMET, CALIFORNIA 92545 USA Printed In the U.S.A.
TEL: 951-652-6811 • 800-220-2279 • FAX: 951-652-3078 Lit. # 30122-58 Rev. 1.0 / 3-8-17
Copyright © 2017 McCrometer, Inc. All printed material should not be changed or altered without permission of McCrometer.
Any published technical data and instructions are subject to change without notice. Contact your McCrometer representative
www.mccrometer.com for current technical data and instructions.
 Appendices

Table 3: ISO Installation Recommendations, as shown in ISO 5167, Part 5

Upstream Downstream
(Measured from (Measured from
Disturbance Beta HP Port, Key 2) Beta Edge Key 3)
0.45 ≤ β ≤ 0.65 3D 2D
Single Bend, 6.2.2
0.65 ≤ β ≤ 0.75 6D 2D
0.45 ≤ β ≤ 0.65 3D 2D
2 Bends Out of Plane, 6.2.3
0.65 ≤ β ≤ 0.75 6D 2D
Concentric Expander 0.75D to
All 3D 2D
D, 6.2.4
Partially Close Valves, 6.2.5 All 10D 2D
Fully Open Valves, 6.2.5 All 0D 2D

Note: The upstream measurement is taken from the high pressure tap, not the upstream flange. The
downstream measurement is taken from the cone beta edge, not the downstream flange.

28
3255 WEST STETSON AVENUE • HEMET, CALIFORNIA 92545 USA Printed In the U.S.A.
TEL: 951-652-6811 • 800-220-2279 • FAX: 951-652-3078 Lit. # 30122-58 Rev. 1.0 / 3-8-17
Copyright © 2017 McCrometer, Inc. All printed material should not be changed or altered without permission of McCrometer.
Any published technical data and instructions are subject to change without notice. Contact your McCrometer representative
www.mccrometer.com for current technical data and instructions.
 MANUFACTURER’S WARRANTY
MANUFACTURER’S WARRANTY
This Warranty shall apply to and be limited to the original purchaser consumer of any McCrometer
product. Meters or instruments defective because of faulty material or workmanship will be repaired
or replaced, at the option of McCrometer, Inc., free of charge, FOB the factory in Hemet, California,
within a period of one (1) year from the date of delivery.
Repairs or modifications by others than McCrometer, Inc. or their authorized representatives shall
render this Warranty null and void in the event that factory examination reveals that such repair or
modification was detrimental to the meter or instrument. Any deviations from the factory calibration
require notification in writing to McCrometer, Inc. of such recalibrations or this warranty shall be
voided.
In case of a claim under this Warranty, the claimant is instructed to contact McCrometer, Inc. 3255
West Stetson Ave., Hemet, California 92545, and to provide an identification or description of the
meter or instrument, the date of delivery, and the nature of the problem.
The Warranty provided above is the only warranty made by McCrometer, Inc. with respect to its
products or any parts thereof and is made expressly in lieu of any other warranties, by course of
dealing, usages of trade or otherwise, expressed or implied, including but not limited to any implied
warranties of fitness for any particular purpose or of merchantability under the uniform commercial
code. It is agreed this warranty is in lieu of and buyer hereby waives all other warranties, guarantees
or liabilities arising by law or otherwise. Seller shall not incur any other obligations or liabilities or be
liable to buyer, or any customer of buyer for any anticipated or lost profits, incidental or consequential
damages, or any other losses or expenses incurred by reason of the purchase, installation, repair, use
or misuse by buyer or third parties of its products (including any parts repaired or replaced); and
seller does not authorize any person to assume for seller any other liability in connection with the
products or parts thereof. This Warranty cannot be extended, altered or varied except by a written
instruction signed by seller and buyer.
This Warranty gives you specific legal rights, and you may also have other rights which vary from state
to state.
McCrometer, Inc. reserves the right to make improvements and repairs on product components which
are beyond the warranty period at the manufacturer’s option and expense, without obligation to
renew the expired warranty on the components or on the entire unit. Due to the rapid advancement
of meter design technology, McCrometer, Inc. reserves the right to make improvements in design
and material without prior notice to the trade.
All sales and all agreements in relation to sales shall be deemed made at the manufacturer’s place of
business in Hemet, California and any dispute arising from any sale or agreement shall be interpreted
under the laws of the State of California.

29
3255 WEST STETSON AVENUE • HEMET, CALIFORNIA 92545 USA Printed In the U.S.A.
TEL: 951-652-6811 • 800-220-2279 • FAX: 951-652-3078 Lit. # 30122-58 Rev. 1.0 / 3-8-17
Copyright © 2017 McCrometer, Inc. All printed material should not be changed or altered without permission of McCrometer.
Any published technical data and instructions are subject to change without notice. Contact your McCrometer representative
www.mccrometer.com for current technical data and instructions.
 OTHER McCROMETER PRODUCTS INCLUDE:

Propeller Flowmeters

Propeller Flowmeters

Magnetic Flowmeters

DURA MAG ™
Magnetic Flowmeters

Magnetic Flowmeters

Magnetic Flowmeters

Magnetic Flowmeters

Wireless Monitoring Systems

Differential Pressure Flowmeters

Differential Pressure Flowmeters

Differential Pressure Flowmeters

U.S. Patents 4812049, 5363699 and 5,814,738; Including Patents Applicable Outside The U.S.; Other U.S. and Foreign patents pending

3255 WEST STETSON AVENUE • HEMET, CALIFORNIA 92545 USA www.mccrometer.com

TEL: 951-652-6811 • 800-220-2279 • FAX: 951-652-3078 Printed In The U.S.A. Lit. # 30122-58 Rev. 1.0 / 3-8-17
Copyright © 2017 McCrometer, Inc. All printed material should not be changed or altered without permission of McCrometer.
Any published technical data and instructions are subject to change without notice. Contact your McCrometer representa-
tive for current technical data and instructions.