Science, Technology and Development ISSN : 0950-0707

Renewable Energy Sources integrated power

system by using Intelligent MPPT technique
K. TEJA1, Dr. SATYABRATA SAHOO2
1
PG Scholar, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (EPE), Nalla Malla Reddy Engineering College,
Ghatkesar, Hyderabad, TS, India.
2
AssociateProfessor, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Nalla Malla Reddy Engineering
College, Ghatkesar, Hyderabad, TS, India.

Abstract:The primary aim of this paper is multiple RES Renewable energy sources must be incorporated into
modules are integrated to grid in parallel for sharing of the grid to overcome the use of fossil fuels in power
power to the heavy load connected to the grid system by generation, expensive initial capital expenditures, and
using modified Fuzzy MPPT technique.The RES modules long installation times [3-5]. In some grid systems
include Photovoltaic Array (PVA), Wind System (WES), where power consumption is unpredictable, RESs
Fuel Cell (FC) connected to the grid through (BUCK- cannot be employed in a stand-alone mode. A
BOOST) converters and inverter circuits. All the DC/DC continuous power demand grid can feature
converters are controlled by modified fuzzy MPPT freestanding RES that totally compensate for the
technique. Furthermore, the wind, solar, and fuel cell inputs power for the loads.Similarly, solar energy is readily
must be properly mixed to guarantee that the load on available throughout the day, even if solar radiation
demand is maintained at all times. Simulation studies of the levels change from time to time owing to clouds, tall
proposed system are carried out using the MATLAB / buildings, and birds, among other factors [6-8].The
Simulink platform, and the results are presented. generation of electricity with wind is accessible in
rainy or cold seasons, while fuel cells are employed
Keywords: RES (Renewable Energy Source), PVA (Photo for the generation of electrical power by employing
Voltaic Array), PMG (Permanent Magnet Generator), chemical resources regardless of season [9-10]. To
MATLAB (Matrix Laboratory) tackle the aforementioned challenges, a hybrid
system is created by integrating wind, sun, and fuel
cells. Because of this hybrid system, the load side's
dependability, power transfer capabilities, and
I. INTRODUCTION efficiency steadily improve. For various reasons, if
Many nations throughout the globe are turning to any of the above resources are unavailable to provide
green energy to minimize the use of fossil fuels, supply continuity at the load side, the hybrid system
which produce large amounts of environmentally is more dependable [11-12].The wind power
harmful waste and emissions. Integration of green generation in the proposed system is acquired
energy RESs [1] is especially important in India, through PMSG, which is connected to the grid. The
where electricity consumption is quite high in modified fuzzy MPPT (Maximum Power Point
comparison to other nations and is rising on a daily Tracking) is used to extract the most power from
basis. Increased power consumption necessitates wind, solar PV, and fuel cells [8-10].
higher power output, which is currently accomplished
by traditional power generation systems such as II. EXISITNG SYSTEM
thermal plants (coal plants), nuclear plants, and hydro Combining wind and solar power technologies
power plants [2]. These methods of generating power improves overall system performance and
result in massive amounts of biohazard waste and air dependability. When any of the major energy sources
pollution. The hydro power plant, on the other hand, fails to satisfy demand, another source might be used
is a green energy source, but it requires a large to make up the difference. Lower-rated wind and PV
financial investment and takes years to build. hybrid systems use a variety of hybrid controllers.
The diagram below. Figure 1 depicts the existing
system, which includes PV, wind systems, buck-
boost converters, a grid-side inverter, and a load.

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Science, Technology and Development ISSN : 0950-0707

power as compared to any other RES. But the capital

investment for the installation of wind turbines
[4]&generators is very high&also need to be placed
very far from the human interference. These issues
make the WF source as the second-best option for
RES after PVA. There are different types WFs with
different turbine generator sets. For standalone
operation of WF PMG (Permanent Magnet
Generator) machine need to be used which does not
need any external excitation for generation of power.
The PMG generates power in AC which is unstable
Fig.1 Existing RES grid system (variable voltage, frequency&phase) needs to be
stabilized. Therefore, a two-stage
conversion&control schematic is adopted for
III.PROPOSED SYSTEM stabilized AC voltage generation. The PMG WF
topology proposed is given in figure 3 below.
The suggested system's block diagram is presented in
Fig. 2. PMSG is used to generate power in wind
power production, which is linked to the wind
turbine. Increasing the strength of the wind flow that
strikes the wind blade vans, it then spins at high
speed, which rotates wind turbines, which are
connected with the power-generating PMSG using
the MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking)
approach known as the modified "Fuzzy" logic. As a
result, the ideal strength is obtained in this
manner.Using the MPPT technique known as
modified fuzzy MPPT technology, solar energy is Fig. 3: PMG WF with buck boost converter
harvested from the solar plates delivered to the boost
converter to provide a high voltage... Furthermore, As seen in the proposed topology the PMSG machine
the fuel cell creates fuel energy through the fuel cell. is a three-phase machine which generates power in
This DC has been converted to AC using a three- three phase AC voltages. In order to stabilize the
phase inverter. These three sources of energy, fuel voltage a DBR is connected to the machine to convert
cell, PV, and WECS, are used to coordinate load the three phase AC voltages to variable DC voltage.
demand. The unstable DC voltage is stabilized by connecting
buck-boost converter with one switch (MOSFET).
The switch of the converter is controlled by fuzzy
MPPT technique with inputs taken from machine
power (P)&speed (w).

2)Modelling of pv panel
Figure 3 represents a single diode model which is
widely used as compared to other PV module design.
In this circuit, Rsh is shunt resistance, I is open
circuit current of a solar cell, Io is diode saturation
current, Iph is the light-generated current which
depends upon solar radiation and cell temperature,
Ish is shunt resistance current which flows through
Rsh and flows between the n and p layers, Rse is
series resistance which represents the losses due to
flowing current across highly resistive emitter and
contacts, Voc is terminal voltage of a solar cell,
Fig. 2 Proposed RES grid system respectively.

1) Modelling PMG WF

PMG WF [3] is considered to be the next best option

in RESs after solar plants as WF generates more

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Science, Technology and Development ISSN : 0950-0707

IV. PROPOSED MODIFIED FLC MPPT

TECHNIQUE

Fuzzy logic is a dynamic control method. It is

recognized by multivariable consideration and multi-
rules-based resolution. Over the last decade Fuzzy
Fig. 4 Solar cell equivalent circuit
MPPT is very much popular. Working with
In this circuit the mathematical expression for cell inaccurate inputs, the ability to handle non-linearity
current in single diode model is obtained by applying and not having a precise mathematical model are
KCL, some of the advantages of Modified fuzzy logic
controller. The Modified Fuzzy MPPT flow chart is
I= Iph-Io-Ish (1) 1
represented in Fig6 it consists of two inputs and one
Where, Iph= [Isc+Ki (Tk-T)] *G/1000 2 output. Error (E) and change of error (CE) are two
FLC input variables. Duty cycle (D) is output
Iph is photocurrent under standard test conditions variable. So fuzzy control algorithm has the ability to
(STC), with reference solar radiation of 1000 W / m2
improve the tracking performance for both linear and
at solar spectrum of 1.5A and reference temperature
of solar cell Tk of 25°C. T is instantaneous solar cell nonlinear loads as compared with the classical
temperature, Ki is current temperature coefficient methods. As fuzzy logic does not use complex
and G is an instantaneous solar radiation. mathematical equation therefore it is also appropriate
for nonlinear control.
3)Fuel cell Modelling

The below figure.5 indicates the fuel cell

architecture. It is essentially classifies established on
the category of electrolyte. In this section H2 or
O2ions are initiated the electrons flow disintegrated
&streamsvia loads. H2 is created from the
improvedH2 improved fuel moves into fuel-cell. The
permitted electrons which H2 particles from the anode
& passes over the external circuit. The H2 ions
liberates& entered into the cathode. Through the
cathode terminals, the O2 is pull out from the air, the
H2 ions & electrons which flow since external circuit
composed from water & heat.
Fig .6 Flow chart of FLC

As similar to PVA MPPT the WF MPPT [12] also

has two inputs voltage and current. The two input
variables are analyzed by multiple membership
functions with specific rule base.

The two variables are set with 7 membership

functions each&the output variable D also has 7
membership functions. The output is generated by
7x7 = 49 rule base given as below.

TABLE I

Figure.5 fuel cell architecture

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Science, Technology and Development ISSN : 0950-0707

The output D is compared HF triangular waveform

generating pulse for the buck-boost converter
MOSFET.

V.SIMULATION RESULTS

Fig.7 Simulink model of the proposed RES integrated power system

A. Wind Energy Conversion Scheme

In this case, the simulation results are indicated in the

below figures. Fig.8 demonstrations wind speed here
the wind speed is 16 m/s up-to 1sec after that it is10
m/sec respectively. Fig.13 demonstrations wind
torque,Fig.9 and 10 showsoutputVoltageand Power
of the Wind system.Fig.11 showsgrid voltage and
fig.12 shows grid current Fig.8Speed of the wind

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Fig.9 Wind Output Voltage

Fig. 13 Output Voltage of PV array

Fig. 10 Wind Output Power

Fig. 14 Output Power of PV array

Fig.11 Grid voltage

Fig.15 Grid voltage

Fig.12 Grid current

Fig.16 Grid current

B. PV Scheme

Fig. 13 and 14 indicates the output voltageand Power

ofPV array. Fig.15 showsgrid rid voltage and fig.16 C. Fuel Cell Scheme
shows grid current
Fig. 17 and 18 indicates the output voltage, Current and
Power ofFuel Cell. The output of the Fuel cell is 300V.

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Fig. 17 Output Voltage of Fuel Cell

Fig.21THD of grid voltage is 6.45 % in the Existing

scheme

Fig. 18 Output power of Fuel Cell

D. Hybrid scheme
Fig.22 THD of grid voltage is 1.61%
1.61 in the Proposed
Fig.19 and Fig.20 indicates the three--phase voltage scheme
and current for a hybrid scheme. The output voltage
of the PV, Wind and Fuel cell hybrid system
connected to grid is 650V. Comparison table

Grid voltage THD Grid voltage THD

base paper proposed scheme
6.45% 1.61%

VI. CONCLUSION

This study primarily covers the hybrid grid with a

PMSG integration for wind power production, solar
Fig.19 Grid Voltage PV cells, and fuel cells with a based MPPT approach.
In this work, the MPPT approach known as Modified
FUZZY MPPT is used. When compared to the
traditional model, the proposed model produces
reduced THD. The indicated findings were simulated
in Platform Simulink, and the waveform was
evaluated
luated and shown. The paper's future goal is to
reduce THD from ANFIS and FOPID-based FOPID
Multilevel Inverters.

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Fig. 20 Grid Current
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The below Fig.21 indicates existing system
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