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Commutator Pitch

The document defines various types of armature windings including commutator pitch, armature winding pitch, back pitch, front pitch, full pitch, short pitch, progressive winding, retrogressive winding, simplex winding, duplex winding, triplex winding, lap winding, wave winding, frog-leg winding, and equalizer winding.

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475 views6 pages

Commutator Pitch

The document defines various types of armature windings including commutator pitch, armature winding pitch, back pitch, front pitch, full pitch, short pitch, progressive winding, retrogressive winding, simplex winding, duplex winding, triplex winding, lap winding, wave winding, frog-leg winding, and equalizer winding.

Uploaded by

Jep Jep
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

Commutator pitch

- Commutator pitch is defined as the distance between two commutator segments in


which two ends of the same armature coil are connected. We measure commutator
pitch in terms of commutator bars or segments.

2. Armature winding pitch

- Winding pitch is defined as the distance between two successive conductors which
are directly connected together around the armature. It is the beginning of two
successive coil sides and is denoted by Y. For lap winding, Y = Yb – Yf and for wave
winding, Y = Yb + Yf.

3. Back pitch

- The distance at which a coil advances on the back of the armature is called back
pitch, denoted by Yb. It can also be defined as the distance between the first and the
last conductors of a coil. It is the same as coil span and is shown in the below
figure(a) and (b).

4. Front pitch
- it is the distance between the second conductor of one coil and the first conductor
of the next coil. Both the coils should be connected to the same commutator
segments on the front, as shown in the figure (a) and (b) below. It is denoted by
Yf.

5. Full pitch
- the winding of an armature in which the two sides of the
armature coil span a distance equal to the pole pitch

6. Short pitch
- If the angular distances between the two coil sides are less than one pole pitch, it
is termed short pitch or fractional pitch coil. The coil span or coil pitch for short
or fractional pitch coil is less than 180 electrical degree. In such coils, the two coil
sides are not under the poles. Figure below shows a short pitched coil.
7. Progressive winding

- If after one round of the armature the coil falls in a slot right to its starting slot the
winging is called Progressive wave winding.

8. Retrogressive winding
- If after one round of the armature the coil falls in a slot left to its starting slot the
winging is called Retrogressive wave winding.
9. Simplex winding

- A winding in which the number of parallel path between the brushes is equal to the
number of poles is called simplex lap winding.

10. Duplex winding

- A winding in which the number of the parallel paths between the brushes is twice
the number of poles is called duplex lap winding.
11. Triplex winding

- The triplex lap winding has a number of turns and is usually used for higher and
larger currents. It is connected to one-third of the commutator bars. The only problem
with this type of winding is that its coil cost will be more than other types of winding.

12. Lap winding

- When the connections two coils overlap each other the windings are known as lap
winding. Lap winding is preferred for a machine that has low voltage and high
current as it has a number of parallel paths.

13. Wave winding

- An armature winding in which two coils are connected in series and follow each
other on the surface of the armature like waves such that there are only two paths for
the current flow irrespective of the number of poles In the circuit.

14. Frog-leg winding

- Frog leg winding is a combination of a multiplex wave and a simplex lap winding in
the same slots. It retains the advantages of both lap and wave windings without their
inherit disadvantages.
15. Equalizer winding
- The equalizer rings are low resistance copper conductor which connects those
points in the armature winding which have potential difference between them. If
there are potential differences between such points, the circulating current flows
through equalizer rings rather than brushes.

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