Scribd
Upload
7 views18 pages

Human Respiratory System (Class X) ABK - SSJ

Human Respiratory System (Class X) ABK_SSJ

Uploaded by

7B06Asher khara
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
7 views18 pages

Human Respiratory System (Class X) ABK - SSJ

Human Respiratory System (Class X) ABK_SSJ

Uploaded by

7B06Asher khara
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 18

Seniors ne KIA AB BAARI HAMARI HAI ABK-SSJ

Respiration
 Animals have evolved different organs for the uptake of oxygen from the
environment and for getting rid of the carbon dioxide produced.
 Terrestrial animals can breathe the oxygen in the atmosphere, but animals
that live in water need to use the oxygen dissolved in water.
Why is the rate of breathing in aquatic organisms much faster than in terrestrial
organisms?

 Since the amount of dissolved oxygen is fairly low


compared to the amount of oxygen in the air, the rate of
breathing in aquatic organisms is much faster than that seen
in terrestrial organisms.
 Fishes take in water through their mouths and force it
past the gills where the dissolved oxygen is taken up by
blood.
What about terrestrial organism ?
• Terrestrial organisms use the oxygen in the atmosphere for respiration.
• This oxygen is absorbed by different organs in different animals.
• All these organs have a structure that increases the surface area which is in contact with
the oxygen-rich atmosphere.
• Since the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide has to take place across this surface, this
surface is very fine and delicate. In order to protect this surface, it is usually placed within
the body, so there have to be passages that will take air to this area.
• In addition, there is a mechanism for moving the air in and out of this area where the
oxygen is absorbed.
Mechanism of Breathing
Inhalation Exhalation
• Thoracic cavity (chest cavity) expands. • Thoracic cavity contracts.
• Ribs lift outwards. • Ribs move inwards.
• Diaphragm become flat in shape . • Diaphragm becomes dome shaped.
• Volume of lungs increases and air • Volume of lungs decreases and air
enters the lungs exits from the lungs
HUMAN RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
HUMAN RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
• Nostrils: There are two nostrils which converge to form a nasal passage. The inner lining of
the nostrils is lined by hair and remains wet due to mucus secretion. The mucus and the hair
help in filtering the dust particles out from inhaled air. Further, air is warmed up when it
enters the nasal passage.
• Pharynx: It is a tube-like structure which continues after the nasal passage.
• Larynx: This part comes after the pharynx. This is also called voice box.
• Trachea: This is composed of rings of cartilage. Cartilaginous rings prevent the collapse of
trachea in the absence of air.
HUMAN RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
• Bronchi: A pair of bronchi comes out from the trachea, with one bronchus going
to each lung.
• Bronchioles: A bronchus divides into branches and sub-branches inside the lung.
• Alveoli: Within the lungs, the passage divides into smaller and smaller tubes
which finally terminate in balloon-like structures which are called alveoli (singular–
alveolus).
Alveoli (Site of Gaseous Exchange )
The alveoli provide a surface where the exchange
of gases can take place. The walls of the alveoli
contain an extensive network of blood-vessels.
This is alveolus, where the oxygen mixes with the
blood and carbon dioxide exits from the blood.
Respiratory Pigment (Haemoglobin)
 Respiratory pigments take up oxygen
from the air in the lungs and carry it to
tissues which are deficient in oxygen
before releasing it.
 In human beings, the respiratory
pigment is haemoglobin which has a very
high affinity for oxygen.
 This pigment is present in the red
blood corpuscles.
 Carbon dioxide is more soluble in
water than oxygen is and hence is mostly
transported in the dissolved form in our
blood.
How is oxygen and carbon dioxide transported in human beings?
 When the body size of animals is large, the diffusion pressure alone
cannot take care of oxygen delivery to all parts of the body.
 Instead, respiratory pigments take up oxygen from the air in the lungs
and carry it to tissues which are deficient in oxygen before releasing it.

“
 In human beings, the respiratory pigment is haemoglobin which has a
very high affinity for oxygen.
 This pigment is present in the red blood corpuscles.
 Carbon dioxide is more soluble in water than oxygen is and hence is
mostly transported in the dissolved form in our blood.
14. Which of the following statement(s) is (are) true about respiration?
(i) During inhalation, ribs move inward and diaphragm is raised
(ii) In the alveoli, exchange of gases takes place i.e., oxygen from alveolar air
diffuses into blood and carbon dioxide from blood into alveolar air
(iii) Hemoglobin has greater affinity for carbon dioxide than oxygen

“
(iv) Alveoli increase surface area for exchange of gases
(a) (i) and (iv) (b) (ii) and (iii)
(c) (i) and (iii) (d) (ii) and (iv)
15. Which is the correct sequence of air passage during inhalation?
(a) Nostrils → larynx → pharynx → trachea → lungs
(b) Nasal passage → trachea → pharynx → larynx → alveoli
(c) Larynx → nostrils → pharynx → lungs
(d) Nostrils → pharynx → larynx → trachea → alveoli

“
16. During respiration exchange of gases take place in
(a) Trachea and larynx
(b) Alveoli of lungs
(c) Alveoli and throat
(d) Throat and larynx

“
32. Which of the following statement(s) is (are) correct?
(i) Pyruvate can be converted into ethanol and carbon dioxide by yeast
(ii) Fermentation takes place in aerobic bacteria
(iii) Fermentation takes place in mitochondria
(iv) Fermentation is a form of anaerobic respiration

“
(a) (i) and (iii) (b) (ii) and (iv)
(c) (i) and (iv) (d) (ii) and (iii)
33. Lack of oxygen in muscles often leads to cramps among cricketers.
This results due to
(a) Conversion of pyruvate to ethanol
(b) Conversion of pyruvate to glucose
(c) Non conversion of glucose to pyruvate

“
(d) Conversion of pyruvate to lactic acid

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy