mass on a spring oscillates freely at frequency f.

1.
What is the frequency when the mass on the spring is doubled?

A 0.5 f

B 0.7 f

C 1.4 f

D 2.0 f

(Total 1 mark)

A mass oscillates on a spring P with a time period of 2.00 s. Spring P has stiffness k.
2.
The same mass now oscillates on spring Q of stiffness 3k.

What is the time period of the oscillation of the mass on spring Q?

A 0.67 s

B 1.15 s

C 1.73 s

D 3.46 s

(Total 1 mark)

A 0.20 kg mass suspended from a vertical spring makes 10 oscillations in a time of 5.1 s.
3.
Calculate the spring constant.

spring constant = ____________________ N m–1

(Total 3 marks)

When a mass m, suspended from a spring with spring constant k, is set into simple harmonic
4.
motion it oscillates with time period T.

What is the time period of a mass 2m suspended from a spring with a spring constant ?

Merchiston Academy, Songshan Lake Page 1 of 38

 A

D 2T

(Total 1 marks)

A student investigates a simple pendulum. The results of the investigation are shown in the table
5. below.

Time for 10 oscillations / s

Reading 1 Reading 2 Reading 3 Reading 4

14.4 13.0 14.6 14.2

(a) Calculate the most appropriate value for the period of the pendulum.

period = ________________________ s
(2)

Merchiston Academy, Songshan Lake Page 2 of 38

 (b) Calculate the length of the simple pendulum.

length = ________________________ m
(2)
(Total 4 marks)

Two simple pendulums of frequency 0.5 Hz and 0.4 Hz respectively are set into simple harmonic
6. motion simultaneously and are initially in phase.

What is the minimum time to elapse before they are again instantaneously in phase?

A 2s

B 5s

C 10 s

D 20 s

(Total 1 marks)

Merchiston Academy, Songshan Lake Page 3 of 38

 A 45 g mass suspended from a vertical spring performs simple harmonic motion.
7.
What mass must be added to the system to double the period of oscillation?

A 45 g

B 90 g

C 135 g

D 180 g

(Total 1 marks)

When a mass M attached to a spring X, as shown in Figure 1, is displaced downwards and

8. released it oscillates with time period T. An identical spring is connected in series and the same
mass M is attached, as shown in Figure 2.

What is the new time period?

Figure 2

Figure 1

D
(Total 1 mark)

Merchiston Academy, Songshan Lake Page 4 of 38

 Two pendulums, P and Q, are set up alongside each other. The period of P is 1.90 s and the
9. period of Q is 1.95 s.

How many oscillations are made by pendulum Q between two consecutive instants when P and
Q move in phase with each other?

A 19

B 38

C 39

D 78
(Total 1 mark)

A simple pendulum and a mass-spring system both have the same time period T at the surface
10. of the Earth. If taken to another planet where the acceleration due to gravity is twice that on
Earth, which line, A to D, in the table gives the correct new time periods?

simple pendulum mass-spring

B T

C T

(Total 1 mark)

Merchiston Academy, Songshan Lake Page 5 of 38

 A pirate ship is a type of amusement park pendulum ride in which a gondola carrying passengers
11. is made to oscillate. The ride can be modelled using a simple pendulum consisting of a mass on
a string.

The figure below shows how the displacement x of the mass varies with time t.

(a) (i) Define amplitude.

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
(1)

(ii) Determine the amplitude of the oscillations of the mass.

amplitude ____________________ m
(1)

(iii) Calculate the period of the pendulum.

period ____________________ s
(2)

Merchiston Academy, Songshan Lake Page 6 of 38

(b) Another model was constructed using a pendulum of frequency 0.25 Hz with the mass
having an initial amplitude of 4.5 m.

(i) Calculate the maximum velocity of the mass.

maximum velocity ____________________ ms–1

(2)

(ii) Calculate the maximum acceleration of the mass.

maximum acceleration ____________________ ms–2

(2)

(iii) Calculate the length of the simple pendulum that has a frequency of 0.25 Hz.

length ____________________ m
(2)

Merchiston Academy, Songshan Lake Page 7 of 38

(c) To simplify the driving mechanism of the actual ride it is suggested that the gondola should
be pushed each time it reaches the centre moving in one direction.
Explain why this would lead to large amplitude oscillations.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(2)

(d) When the force is no longer applied the gondola will naturally come to rest. The time for
this to happen will usually be too long to satisfy the ride operators. External dampers are
used to reduce the time taken to stop the gondola.
Explain why the gondola would come to rest naturally and what feature of an energy
efficient ride design would make this a lengthy process.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(3)
(Total 15 marks)

Merchiston Academy, Songshan Lake Page 8 of 38

 A trolley of mass 0.80 kg rests on a horizontal surface attached to two identical stretched springs,
12.
as shown in Figure 1. Each spring has a spring constant of 30Nm–1, can be assumed to obey
Hooke’s law, and to remain in tension as the trolley moves.

Figure 1

(a) (i) The trolley is displaced to the left by 60 mm and then released. Show that the
magnitude of the resultant force on it at the moment of release is 3.6 N.

(2)

(ii) Calculate the acceleration of the trolley at the moment of release and state its
direction.

answer = ______________________m s–2

direction _______________________________
(2)

Merchiston Academy, Songshan Lake Page 9 of 38

(b) (i) The oscillating trolley performs simple harmonic motion. State the two conditions
which have to be satisfied to show that a body performs simple harmonic motion.

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
(2)

(ii) The frequency f of oscillation of the trolley is given by

where m = mass of the trolley

k = spring constant of one spring.

Calculate the period of oscillation of the trolley, stating an appropriate unit.

answer = ______________________
(3)

Merchiston Academy, Songshan Lake Page 10 of 38

(c) Copper ions in a crystal lattice vibrate in a similar way to the trolley, because the inter-
atomic forces act in a similar way to the forces exerted by the springs. Figure 2 shows how
this model of a vibrating ion can be represented.

Figure 2

(i) The spring constant of each inter-atomic ‘spring’ is about 200Nm –1. The mass of the
copper ion is 1.0 × 10–25 kg. Show that the frequency of vibration of the copper ion is
about 1013 Hz.

(1)

(ii) If the amplitude of vibration of the copper ion is 10–11m, estimate its maximum speed.

answer = ______________________m s–1

(1)

(iii) Estimate the maximum kinetic energy of the copper ion.

answer = ______________________J
(1)
(Total 12 marks)

Merchiston Academy, Songshan Lake Page 11 of 38

 The period of vertical oscillation of a mass-spring system is T when the spring carries a mass of
13.
1.00 kg. What mass should be added to the 1.00 kg if the period is to be increased to 1.50 T?

A 0.25 kg

B 1.00 kg

C 1.25 kg

D 2.00 kg
(Total 1 mark)

The time period of a simple pendulum is doubled when the length of the pendulum is increased
14. by 3.0 m. What is the original length of the pendulum?

A 1.0 m

B 1.5 m

C 3.0 m

D 6.0 m
(Total 1 mark)

When the length of a simple pendulum is decreased by 600 mm, the period of oscillation is
15. halved. What is the original length of the pendulum?

A 800 mm

B 1000 mm

C 1200 mm

D 1400 mm
(Total 1 mark)

A simple pendulum was made by attaching a small mass to a 1.20 m length of thin string. The
16. pendulum was displaced 10.0 cm sideways and released to swing in a vertical plane. The
amplitude of the motion was then observed and recorded after each oscillation. Figure 1 shows
some of the results from the experiment.

Figure 1

Oscillation 0 1 2 3 4 5 6

Amplitude/cm 10.0 8.4 7.1 5.9 5.0 4.2 3.5

(a) The time for 6 oscillations was 13.2 s. Calculate the periodic time of the oscillations.

periodic time ____________________

(1)

Merchiston Academy, Songshan Lake Page 12 of 38

(b) On the axes in Figure 2, carefully sketch a graph of displacement against time for the first
two oscillations of the pendulum. Mark the scale on each axis.

Figure 2

(4)

(c) State the effect on the motion of the pendulum when

(i) a shorter string is used,

______________________________________________________________

(ii) a greater mass of the same size is used.

______________________________________________________________
(2)
(Total 7 marks)

Merchiston Academy, Songshan Lake Page 13 of 38

 A girl sits at rest on a garden swing. The swing consists of a wooden seat of mass 1.2 kg
17. supported by two ropes. The mass of the girl is 16.8 kg. The mass of the ropes should be ignored
throughout this question.

Figure 1

(a) A boy grips the seat and gives a firm push with both hands so that the girl swings upwards
as shown in Figure 1. The swing just reaches a vertical height of 0.50 m above its rest
position.

(i) Show that the maximum gain in gravitational potential energy of the girl and the swing
is about 88 J.

acceleration due to gravity = 9.8 m s–2

(3)

(ii) The work done against resistive forces as the swing moves upwards is 20 J.
Calculate the work done on the swing by the boy during the push.

(1)

Merchiston Academy, Songshan Lake Page 14 of 38

 (iii) As he pushed, the boy‘s hands were in contact with the seat of the swing for a
distance of 0.40 m. Calculate the average force applied to the swing.

(2)

(b) Calculate the speed of the girl as she passes back through the lowest point of her ride for
the first time. Assume that the work done against resistive forces is the same in both
directions.

(4)

(c) The girl is not pushed again. On the axes in Figure 2, sketch a graph to show how the
kinetic energy of the girl varies with time over two complete cycles of the motion. Start your
graph from the time when she is 0.50 m above the rest position. You are not required to
mark a scale on either axis.

Figure 2
(3)
(Total 13 marks)

Merchiston Academy, Songshan Lake Page 15 of 38

 Figure 1 shows a spring loaded with a mass of 0.15 kg. When the mass is displaced vertically it
18. oscillates up and down. A and C show the extreme positions of the mass and B is its equilibrium
position.

Figure 1

(a) The 0.15 kg mass extends the spring by 0.040 m. Calculate the elastic potential energy
stored in the spring when it is extended by this amount.

gravitational field strength, g = 9.8 N kg–1

Elastic potential energy = ____________________

(2)

(b) (i) Mark and label on the diagram the amplitude of the motion.
(1)

Merchiston Academy, Songshan Lake Page 16 of 38

 (ii) Describe the energy changes that occur during one cycle when the mass is pulled
down to position C and then released. You should consider the motion to be
undamped during this cycle.

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
(2)
(Total 5 marks)

(a) State the conditions necessary for a mass to undergo simple harmonic motion.
19.
___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(2)

(b) A child on a swing oscillates with simple harmonic motion of period 3.2 s.

acceleration of free fall = 9.8 m s–2

(i) Calculate the distance between the point of support and the centre of mass of the
system.

(2)

Merchiston Academy, Songshan Lake Page 17 of 38

 (ii) The total energy of the oscillations is 40 J when the amplitude of the oscillations is
0.50 m. Sketch a graph showing how the total energy of the child varies with the
amplitude of the oscillations for amplitudes between 0 and 1.00 m. Include a suitable
scale on the total energy axis.

(2)
(Total 6 marks)

The diagram below shows a way to measure the mass of a lorry. The vehicle and its contents are
20. driven onto a platform mounted on a spring. The platform is then made to oscillate vertically and
the mass is found from a measurement of the natural frequency of oscillation.

(a) (i) State whether the period of oscillation increases, decreases or remains unchanged
when the amplitude of oscillation of the platform is reduced.

______________________________________________________________
(1)

(ii) The spring constant k of the supporting spring is increased to four times its original
value.

State the value of the ratio

.

______________________________________________________________
(1)

Merchiston Academy, Songshan Lake Page 18 of 38

(iii) The time period of oscillation is T when a lorry is on the platform. The spring constant
of the spring is k. Show that the total mass M of lorry and platform is given by

(2)

(iv) A lorry and its contents have a total mass of 5300 kg. The spring constant of the
supporting spring k is 1.9 × 105 N m–1. The frequency of oscillation of the platform
with the lorry resting on it is 0.91 Hz.

Calculate the mass of the platform.

(3)

Merchiston Academy, Songshan Lake Page 19 of 38

(b) The graph below shows how the displacement of the platform varies with time over one
cycle. Sketch on the axes provided graphs of velocity against time and kinetic energy
against time for the motion of the platform.

(5)

Merchiston Academy, Songshan Lake Page 20 of 38

 (c) The driver is required to turn off the vehicle engine whilst the measurement is taking place.

The driver of the lorry in part (a)(iv) fails to do this and slowly increases the frequency of
vibration of his vehicle from 0.5 Hz to about 4 Hz whilst the measurement is in progress
and the platform is free to move. Describe and explain how the amplitude and frequency of
the platform vary as this frequency increase occurs. You should use a sketch graph to
support your answer.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(4)
(Total 16 marks)

Figure 1 shows a mass suspended on a spring.

21.

Figure 1

The mass is pulled down by a distance A below the equilibrium position and then released at
time t = 0. It undergoes simple harmonic motion.

Merchiston Academy, Songshan Lake Page 21 of 38

(a) Taking upward displacements as being positive, draw graphs on Figure 2 to show the
variation of displacement, velocity and the acceleration with time. Use the same time scale
for each of the three graphs.

Figure 2
(4)

(b) The spring stiffness, k, is 32 N m–1. The spring is loaded with a mass of 0.45 kg.
Calculate the frequency of the oscillation.

(3)
(Total 7 marks)

Merchiston Academy, Songshan Lake Page 22 of 38

 The diagram below shows a crane moving a heavy load of mass 1.5 × 103 kg. The mass of the
22.
cable is negligible compared with the mass of the load. When the jib moves round and then stops
the load swings and behaves like a simple pendulum, undergoing free oscillations. The
oscillation has an amplitude of 5.0 m and period of 8.0 s.

the acceleration of free fall, g = 9.8 m s–2

(a) (i) Explain briefly the difference between a free and a forced oscillation.

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
(2)

(ii) Calculate the length of the cable.

(2)

Merchiston Academy, Songshan Lake Page 23 of 38

 (iii) Determine the maximum acceleration of the load as it swings.

(3)

(iv) Calculate the force on the load that produces this acceleration.

(2)

(b) The total energy of the oscillating load is approximately 12 kJ.

Sketch a graph showing how the kinetic energy of the load varies with time during one
cycle of oscillation. Start your graph at a time when the displacement of the load from the
equilibrium position is a maximum. Include appropriate scales on the axes of your graph.

(2)
(Total 11 marks)

Merchiston Academy, Songshan Lake Page 24 of 38

 Figure 1 shows one cycle of the displacement-time graphs for two mass-spring systems X and Y
23. that are performing simple harmonic motion.

Figure 1

(a) (i) Determine the frequency of the oscillations.

(2)

(ii) The springs used in oscillators X and Y have the same spring constant. Using
information from Figure 1, show that the mass used in oscillator Y is equal to that in
oscillator X.

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
(2)

(iii) Explain briefly how would you use one of the graphs in Figure 1 to confirm that the
motion is simple harmonic

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
(2)

Merchiston Academy, Songshan Lake Page 25 of 38

(b) Figure 2 shows how the potential energy of oscillator X varies with displacement.

Figure 2

(i) Draw on Figure 2 a graph to show how the kinetic energy of the mass used in
oscillator X varies with its displacement. Label this A.
(1)

(ii) Draw on Figure 2 a graph to show how the kinetic energy of the mass used in
oscillator Y varies with its displacement. Label this B.
(2)

(c) Use data from the graphs to determine the spring constant of the springs used.

(3)
(Total 12 marks)

Merchiston Academy, Songshan Lake Page 26 of 38

Mark schemes
B
1.
[1]

B
2.
[1]

3. T = 0.51 (s) ✓

Use in either substitution or re-arrangement ✓

Condone use of 5.1 for T for 2nd and 3rd mark

30 (N m−1) ✓
2 marks for 0.30 (N m−1)
[3]

D
4.
[1]

(a) Finding a mean for T (1.405 or 1.44) or for 10T (14.05 or 14.4) ✓
5.
Correct mean =1.44 (must ignore anomaly) ✓
Correct answer only
2

(b) Use of their = ✓

L = 0.49−0.52 (m) ✓
2
[4]

C
6.
[1]

C
7.
[1]

C
8.
[1]

B
9.
[1]

C
10.
[1]

Merchiston Academy, Songshan Lake Page 27 of 38

 (a) (i) Maximum displacement (of carriage/pendulum from rest
11. position)

B1
1

(ii) 6.0 (m)

B1
1

(iii) Clear evidence of what constitutes period

C1

4.8–4.9 (s)

A1
2

(b) (i) Use of v = 2πfA

C1

7.07 (ms–1)

A1
2

(ii) Use of a = 4π2f 2A

C1

11.1 (ms–2) ecf

A1
2

(iii) Substitution into or rearrangement of T = 2π√l/g

C1

3.98 (m)

A1
2

(c) Applied frequency = natural frequency

B1

Mention or clear description of resonance

B1
2

Merchiston Academy, Songshan Lake Page 28 of 38

 (d) Resistive/frictional/damping/air resistance forces

C1

due to friction in named place (eg in bearings)/air resistance acting on

named part (allow ride/gondola here)

A1

low friction/large mass or inertia /streamline/smooth surface etc.

B1
3
[15]

(a) (i) for one spring, change in force ΔF = kΔL = 30 × 60 × 10–3

12.
= 1.8 (N)

resultant force (= [F + ΔF] – [F – ΔF]) = 2ΔF

(= 3.6 N)

alternative using answer from (b) (ii)

a = (2πf)2x = (2π × 1.38)2 × 60 × 10–3 = 4.51 (m s–2)

resultant force = ma = 0.80 × 4.51 (= 3.6 N)

2

(ii) acceleration a = = 4.5(m s–2)

to the right

alternative for first mark using answer from (b) (ii)

a = (2πf)2 x = (2π × 1.38)2 × 60 × 10–3 = 4.5 (m s–2)

2

(b) (i) acceleration is proportional to displacement

(from equilibrium position)

acceleration is in opposite direction to displacement

[or acceleration is towards a fixed point/equilibrium position]
2

(ii) = (1.38 Hz)

period T = 0.73 (0.726) [or 730]

s [ms]
3

Merchiston Academy, Songshan Lake Page 29 of 38

 (c) (i) (Hz)

(ii) vmax (= 2π fA) = 2π × 1013 × 10–11 = 630 (628) (m s–1)

1

(iii) max EK (= ½ mvmax2) = ½ × 1.0 × 10–25 × 6282 = 2.0 × 10–20 (J)

[or using ½ kA2 approach]

1
[12]

C
13.
[1]

A
14.
[1]

A
15.
[1]

(a) 2.2 s
16.
c.a.o.

B1
1

(b) exactly two reasonable sine wave cycles drawn

B1

displacement = 10 cm when time = 0

B1

time = 2.2 s after one cycle

B1
4

peaks decrease to approximately 7.0 cm after two cycles

or 8.4 cm after one cycle

B1

award two marks if half-cycle confused with full cycle

but otherwise correct

(c) (i) the period would be decreased

B1

Merchiston Academy, Songshan Lake Page 30 of 38

 (ii) there would be less damping/more oscillations before
the pendulum comes to rest

B1
2
[7]

(a) (i) ∆E = mg∆h

17.
B1

= (16.8+1.2)9.8 × 0.5 or a mass × 9.8 × 0.5

B1

= 88.2 (J)

B1
3

(ii) 108 J or answer to (a) (i) + 20 J

B1
1

(iii) 108/0.40 allow ecf from (ii) (i.e. their (ii)/0.40)

C1

270 N {68/.4 = 170}

A1
2

(b) gain in KE = loss in PE - work done

C1

= 88-20 = 68

C1

KE = ½ mv2

C1

v = 2.7(5) m s–1 no ecf

A1
4

Merchiston Academy, Songshan Lake Page 31 of 38

 (c)

graph starts at origin and forms a full rounded peak

B1

exactly two cycles (4 peaks) shown but not arches

B1

height of peaks decreases and peaks approximately equally

spaced

B1
3
[13]

(a) ½ Fx or ½ kx2
18.
C1

29.4 mJ

A1
2

Merchiston Academy, Songshan Lake Page 32 of 38

 (b) (i) amplitude clearly marked on diagram - must touch
lines or be an accurately drawn equivalent distance

B1
1

(ii) idea of interchange of p.e. and k.e.

B1

appropriate use of elastic p.e. at start of cycle and of

gravitational p.e. highest point + some k.e. in between.

B1
2
[5]

(a) acceleration/force is directed toward

19. a (fixed) point/the centre/the equilibrium position
or
a = –kx + ‘–’ means that a is opposite direction to x

B1

acceleration/force is proportional to the distance from the

point/displacement
or
a = –kx where a = acceleration; x = displacement and
k is constant

B1
2

(b) (i) 3.2 = 2π√l/9.8 (condone use of g = 10 m s-2 for C mark)

(use of a = –ω2x is a PE so no marks)

C1

2.5(4) m

A1
2

(ii) Correct value at 0.5 m and correct curvature

M1

Energy at 1 m = 160 J

A1
2
[6]

Merchiston Academy, Songshan Lake Page 33 of 38

 (a) (i) Unchanged
20.
B1
1

(ii) ½ OWTTE

B1
1

(iii) T = 2π√ (M/k)

B1

T2 = 4π2 × M/k (square and re-arrange)

B1
2

(iv) T = 1/0.91 [= 1.1 s]

C1

1.12 × 190000 /4π2

A1

So mplatform = (cand ans for M –5300) leading to

correctly evaluated answer

B1
3

(b) v shape correct [cos graph]

B2

or v shape inverted [-cos graph]

B1

k.e. always +ve

M1

k.e. freq doubles

M1

k.e. shape acceptable

A1
5

Merchiston Academy, Songshan Lake Page 34 of 38

 (c) max 4 from:
mention of forced oscillation
platform frequency always matches lorry’s frequency
mention of resonance
small amplitude when well away from resonant frequency
large amplitude at resonance [do not infer small amp
point from this] resonant freq close to 0.91 Hz

B4
4
[16]

(a) displacement negative cosine

21. B1

velocity consistent with first graph

B1

acceleration consistent with first or second graph

B1

at least one cycle, constant amplitude (condone small decay ), include A for
displacement, reasonably drafted
B1

(b) use of T = 2π i.e. substituted values or 0.74 seen

C1

use or implied use of T =

C1

1.34 Hz
A1
[7]

Merchiston Academy, Songshan Lake Page 35 of 38

 (a) (i) free oscillation:
22.
there is no force acting other than internal forces

or only internal forces are involved or there are no external forces acting

or no energy input (following initial displacement)

do not allow a free oscillation is not forced to oscillate

B1

forced oscillation:

oscillator is acted on by a periodic external force

(condone acted on by external varying force)

or energy is given periodically by an external source

or made to oscillate at the frequency of another oscillator

B1
(2)

(ii) T = 2π√(l / g) or 8 = 2π√(l / 9.8)

C1

15.9 (16) m
A1
(2)

(iii) a(max) = ω2 A (not x, s or r)

C1

ω = 2πf or 2π / T or π / 4 or 0.785 (0.79) (radian s–1)

C1

3.08 – 3.12 m s–2

A1
(3)

(iv) F = ma or F = 1.5 × 103 × (iii)

C1

4 600 N to 4700 N ( but allow e.c.f. for a from (iii))

A1
(2)

(b) graph showing two cycles of energy change in a time of 8 s;

peak at 12 kJ; shape always positive
M1

approx. sin2 shape; clearly curved at each zero value

(condone any extension beyond 8 s)

A1
(2)
[11]

Merchiston Academy, Songshan Lake Page 36 of 38

 (a) (i) period = 1.2 s or T = l / f
23. C1

0.83 Hz or 0.833
A1
(2)

(ii) period / frequency is the same or T1 = T2

B1

since T depends on – or T = 2π and k is constant

(2)

(iii) waveform sinusoidal or fits x = A sin ωt (accept cos waveform)

M1

A after 1 / 8 cycle should be A /

or find ω (= 2πf) and A; calculate x at any time and compare

A1

or use gradients to plot v–t then a–t graphs

M1

check whether for all t is constant

A1
(2)

(b) (i) correct curvature with values at ends and centre correct and crossing at 0.08 ±
1 small square both sides
B1
(1)

(ii) correct curvature

M0

end displacements correct (1 / 2 that for X i.e. 0.1)

A1

maximum correct (1 / 4 that for X i.e. 0.04 ± 1 small square)

A1
(2)

Merchiston Academy, Songshan Lake Page 37 of 38

(c) reads maximum energy and displacement correctly 0.16 J and 0.20 m (allow e.c.f. for
(b)(i) and (b)(ii))
C1

quotes E = k∆χ2 or E = Fx and F= kx

C1

correct substitution leading to a value for k (8.0 N m–1)

A1

or maximum speed of oscillator X = ωA

(using maximum gradient ≈ 0.2 / 0.15 or 27πfA (1.04 m s–1))
C1

mass of oscillator from Em = ½mv2 gives 0.189 kg

(v = 1.04 gives 0.296 kg)
C1

T = 2π leading to a value for k(k = 5.2 N m–1)

(v = 1.04 gives 8.1 N m–1)

A1

(discrepancy due to difficulty of measuring gradient)

(3)
[12]

Merchiston Academy, Songshan Lake Page 38 of 38