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5. Explaining Visuals Effectively (p.32)

 Types of visuals

 Describing graphs and charts

 Talking about trends

 Interpreting visuals

What is a visual aid?

• A visual aid: any object or picture that relates to the subject being taught.

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Starter

• What are these visuals called in English?

Which of these visuals would you use to describe:

a. your company’s market share?
b. the steps to be followed from order placement to delivery of a product?
c. your company’s new organizational structure?

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1. Listen to excerpts from three presentations and say what visuals are
used.

 Presentation 1: __________
 Presentation 2: __________
 Presentation 3: __________

Now listen again and complete the sentences.

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Talking about visuals

 The first rule of effective visuals: clear and easy for the audience to follow
 Sometimes necessary to explain a more complicated visual
 Always necessary to point out the most important information

Talking about visuals

 The first rule of effective visuals: clear and easy for the audience to follow
 Sometimes necessary to explain a more complicated visual
 Always necessary to point out the most important information

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2. Which is the box:

3. Match the two parts to make sentences used to talk about visuals.

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4. A head of department from a private medical insurance company is telling colleagues from
the Italian parent company about last year’s health spending. Look at how he describes this pie
chart and complete the gaps with words from the box.

Total Health Spending

nursing home care
7%

prescription drugs
10%

DH
23%

administration
7%

hospital care
31% doctors and clinical services
22%

* DH: dental service and healthcare

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5. Two presenters are describing graphs. Listen and complete the graphs.

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6. Complete these sentences from the two excerpts with words from the
boxes. Then listen again and check.

6. Complete these sentences from the two excerpts with words from the
boxes. Then listen again and check.

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Practice

• Design a similar chart/ graph and explain it.

7. These verbs are used to describe movement or trends. Put them in the
correct category.

Upward Downward Others

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Talking about trends (Past Simple and Present Perfect)

• Use Past Simple to talk about a movement or trend which happened in the past
and is now finished.
• Signal words: last month/ year, in January, from 2011 – 2016, during the oil
crisis, etc.

1. In April the rate of unemployed rose to 5 million.

2. Between May and July our export business almost doubled.
3. In 2003 alone China’s car production increased by 85 %.

Talking about trends (Past Simple and Present Perfect)

• Use Present Perfect to talk about a movement or trend which started in the
past but is not yet finished.
• Signal words: since (since August), for (for 5 years), this month/ year or
expressions with over (over the past six month).

1. The number of German investors has declined since 2008.(It is still

declining…)
2. The US economy has grown rapidly over the past four months. (It is still
growing…)

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Talking about trends (Past Simple and Present Perfect)

• Note the difference between rise and raise:

• to rise (without an object) • to raise something (with an object)\

Petrol prices rose again in May. The oil industry raised prices last
year.
The number of tourists has risen to The European Central bank has
2.6 million. raised interest rates.

8. Choose the correct verb to fit the sentence.

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Talking about trends (Adjective and Adverbs)

 Adjective + nouns
There was a sudden increase in prices.
In August, we noticed a moderate fall.
This was followed a gradual decline.

 Adverb + verbs
Sales increased slightly in summer.
Over the past two years the number has dropped significantly.
Last month the rates rose sharply.

9. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb/ adverb combinations in the
box. The symbols indicate what kind of movement is described.

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10. Rewrite the following sentences using an adjective + noun expression and one of the
sentence beginnings from the box.

Interpreting the visuals: explaining the cause or its effect

11. Use words from each column to make sentences.

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12. Complete the presentation extract with the correct prepositions from the
box.

13. Put the words in the correct order to make sentences with expressions
from this unit.

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Checklists For Using Visuals (Graphs and Charts)

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