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Evolutionary Socialism Revision

alevel politics

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21 views3 pages

Evolutionary Socialism Revision

alevel politics

Uploaded by

charlottenelson.home
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Evolutionary Socialism Revision:

Shared Beliefs  Character of the state can be altered so it can be a positive force
 Capitalism had corrosive effects upon human nature

Human Nature  Human nature guided back to fraternal roots through gradual state reform to ensure common ownership (Webb)
 Crosland and Giddens disagreed as common ownership infringes upon the individual’s freedom
 Crosland agreed capitalism had corrosive effects on human nature but his solution was greater social equality to
foster community

State  Inevitability of gradualness as universal suffrage leads to political equality in which the majority working class will
vote for socialist parties to create a socialist society (Webb)
 Webb’s ideas very influential and stemmed the basis for the modern welfare state created by labour government after ww2
 A highly trained administrative class would organise society and the economy (Webb)
 State has a role in managing the economy through a Keynesian style mixed economy and would take advantage of private
enterprise through taxation to fund a welfare state (Crosland)

Society  Webb argued revolutions are “chaotic, inefficient and counterproductive” to society
 Webb believed collective interest > individual interest
 Crosland criticised Marx’s dialectic as not present in post ww2 UK so eradicate class divisions through reform
 Crosland disagreed with Webb’s idea of completely nationalised economy as would infringe on individual’s liberty so he
favoured a mixed economy with progressive taxation to fund a welfare state
 Crosland argued for reforming capitalism so that society can share the benefits > collectivism
 Giddens argued for less focus on equality of opportunity but instead investment in tools like education to provide
opportunities for disadvantaged instead of them being dependant on the welfare state
Economy  Webb asks for reforms within state to combat negative effects of capitalism rather then revolution
 Webb argued for a paternal socialist governing class managing the economy
 Webb asked for mass nationalisation to achieve a national minimum for its citizens through common ownership
 Both third way and social democrats focus more on equality of opportunity than a fully socialist society
 Crosland argued for a mixed economy managed by a Keynesian style state in which the taxation of private enterprise will be
reinvested into the welfare state and state will ensure employment
 Social democrats want to redistribute wealth via public ownership and extensive public services financed by the welfare state
through progressive taxation
 Giddens argued progressive taxation inhibited wealth creation and economic growth and influenced new labour’s
governments to keep income tax at 40% (reached 80% in 1974)
 Giddens asked for privatisation of formerly nationalised industries so that the higher revenues can be reinvested into public
spending to increase equality of opportunity
Social class  Webb argued for socialist state with wide scale nationalisations and welfare state to lower class divisions
 Crosland advocated for fairer distribution of wealth so individual could thrive and Giddens argued for investment in education
to ensure equality of opportunity

Collectivism  Webb’s cooperative federalism and strong trade unions


 State provides essentials like healthcare, education, transport through nationalisation
 Crosland critical of collectivism as infringes on individuals freedoms

Equality  Webs equality of outcome


 Crosland and Giddens equality of opportunity

 Capitalism can be reformed for the greater good of society


Common
Humanity

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