Installation and Operation Manual

SPM-A Synchronizer

Manual 82384 (Revision U)

 This is the safety alert symbol. It is used to alert you to potential personal
injury hazards. Obey all safety messages that follow this symbol to avoid
possible injury or death.
• DANGER—Indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, will result in death
or serious injury.
DEFINITIONS • WARNING—Indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in
death or serious injury.
• CAUTION—Indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in
minor or moderate injury.
• NOTICE—Indicates a hazard that could result in property damage only (including
damage to the control).
• IMPORTANT—Designates an operating tip or maintenance suggestion.

The engine, turbine, or other type of prime mover should be equipped with an
overspeed shutdown device to protect against runaway or damage to the prime
mover with possible personal injury, loss of life, or property damage.
The overspeed shutdown device must be totally independent of the prime mover
control system. An overtemperature or overpressure shutdown device may also
be needed for safety, as appropriate.

Read this entire manual and all other publications pertaining to the work to be performed before
installing, operating, or servicing this equipment. Practice all plant and safety instructions and
precautions. Failure to follow instructions can cause personal injury and/or property damage.

This publication may have been revised or updated since this copy was produced. To verify that
you have the latest revision, be sure to check the Woodward website:
www.woodward.com/pubs/current.pdf
The revision level is shown at the bottom of the front cover after the publication number. The latest
version of most publications is available at:
www.woodward.com/publications
If your publication is not there, please contact your customer service representative to get the
latest copy.

Any unauthorized modifications to or use of this equipment outside its specified mechanical,
electrical, or other operating limits may cause personal injury and/or property damage, including
damage to the equipment. Any such unauthorized modifications: (i) constitute "misuse" and/or
"negligence" within the meaning of the product warranty thereby excluding warranty coverage
for any resulting damage, and (ii) invalidate product certifications or listings.

To prevent damage to a control system that uses an alternator or battery-charging

device, make sure the charging device is turned off before disconnecting the battery
from the system.

To prevent damage to electronic components caused by improper handling, read

and observe the precautions in Woodward manual 82715, Guide for Handling and
Protection of Electronic Controls, Printed Circuit Boards, and Modules.

Revisions—Text changes are indicated by a black line alongside the text.

Woodward Governor Company reserves the right to update any portion of this publication at any time. Information
provided by Woodward Governor Company is believed to be correct and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed
by Woodward Governor Company unless otherwise expressly undertaken.
© Woodward 1991
All Rights Reserved
Manual 82384 SPM-A Synchronizer

Contents

ELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGE AWARENESS .................................................. II

CHAPTER 1. GENERAL INFORMATION ........................................................... 1
Regulatory Compliance ..........................................................................................1
Introduction .............................................................................................................1
Description ..............................................................................................................2
Theory of Operation................................................................................................3
CHAPTER 2. INSTALLATION.......................................................................... 9
Introduction .............................................................................................................9
Unpacking ...............................................................................................................9
Location ..................................................................................................................9
Installation ..............................................................................................................9
Electrical Connections ..........................................................................................10
Connections to the Generator ..............................................................................10
Connections to Load Sharing and Speed Control ................................................11
CHAPTER 3. CALIBRATION AND CHECKOUT PROCEDURE ........................... 15
Introduction ...........................................................................................................15
General Information ..............................................................................................15
Pre-Checkout ........................................................................................................15
Dwell Time Adjustment .........................................................................................15
Test and Adjustment.............................................................................................17
Dynamic Check ....................................................................................................19
CHAPTER 4. SERVICE OPTIONS ................................................................. 21
Product Service Options .......................................................................................21
Woodward Factory Servicing Options ..................................................................22
Returning Equipment for Repair ...........................................................................23
Replacement Parts ...............................................................................................23
Engineering Services............................................................................................24
How to Contact Woodward ...................................................................................24
Technical Assistance ............................................................................................25
SPM-A SYNCHRONIZER CONTROL SPECIFICATIONS .................................. 27

Illustrations and Tables

Figure 1-1. Control Outline Drawing .......................................................................5

Figure 1-2. System Block Diagram .........................................................................6
Figure 1-3. Functional Block Diagram ....................................................................7
Figure 1-4. Plant Wiring Diagram ...........................................................................8
Figure 2-1. Typical SPM-A Synchronizer Wiring ..................................................13
Figure 2-2. Synchronizing Bus to Bus ..................................................................14
Figure 3-1. Dwell Time Setting Switches..............................................................16

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SPM-A Synchronizer Manual 82384

Electrostatic Discharge Awareness

All electronic equipment is static-sensitive, some components more than others.
To protect these components from static damage, you must take special
precautions to minimize or eliminate electrostatic discharges.

Follow these precautions when working with or near the control.

1. Before doing maintenance on the electronic control, discharge the static

electricity on your body to ground by touching and holding a grounded metal
object (pipes, cabinets, equipment, etc.).

2. Avoid the build-up of static electricity on your body by not wearing clothing
made of synthetic materials. Wear cotton or cotton-blend materials as much
as possible because these do not store static electric charges as much as
synthetics.

3. Keep plastic, vinyl, and Styrofoam materials (such as plastic or Styrofoam

cups, cup holders, cigarette packages, cellophane wrappers, vinyl books or
folders, plastic bottles, and plastic ash trays) away from the control, the
modules, and the work area as much as possible.

4. Do not remove the printed circuit board (PCB) from the control cabinet
unless absolutely necessary. If you must remove the PCB from the control
cabinet, follow these precautions:

• Do not touch any part of the PCB except the edges.

• Do not touch the electrical conductors, the connectors, or the

components with conductive devices or with your hands.

• When replacing a PCB, keep the new PCB in the plastic antistatic
protective bag it comes in until you are ready to install it. Immediately
after removing the old PCB from the control cabinet, place it in the
antistatic protective bag.

To prevent damage to electronic components caused by improper

handling, read and observe the precautions in Woodward manual
82715, Guide for Handling and Protection of Electronic Controls,
Printed Circuit Boards, and Modules.

ii Woodward
Manual 82384 SPM-A Synchronizer

Chapter 1.
General Information

Regulatory Compliance
• The SPM-A Synchronizer is suitable for use in Ordinary Locations per CSA
and/or UL for Canada and the U.S. or non-hazardous locations only. See
table below for agency listed options.
• Wiring must be in accordance with the authority having jurisdiction.
• These listings are limited only to those units bearing the UL and CSA logos.

Item CSA UL
Number (Canada Only) (US and Canada)
9905-001 X X
9905-002 X X
9905-003 X X
9905-004 X X
9905-005 X X
9905-008
9905-009
9905-107 X
9907-028 X
9907-029 X

Introduction
This manual covers the installation, theory of operation, and calibration of the
SPM-A Synchronizers. The synchronizers are used in generator applications for
speed and phase matching of the generator before paralleling with other
generators or the utility bus. These synchronizers have adjustable dynamics to
match the dynamics of the engine. Small- to medium-size diesel engines require
a synchronizer with fast dynamics. Turbomachinery, large diesel, gas or gasoline
engines, and steam and gas turbines require slower dynamics.

Two versions of SPM-A Synchronizers are available, with or without voltage

matching. Both versions are designed for a wide range of generator applications.

For additional information on adjusting SPM-A Synchronizers used on lean-burn

spark-ignited gas engines, see Application Note 01301.

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Description
The SPM-A Synchronizer biases the speed of an off-line generator set so that
the frequency and phase match those of another generator or the utility bus.
Then it automatically issues a contact closure signal to close the circuit breaker
between the two when frequency and phase are matched within limits for a
specified match-up time.

The SPM-A is a phase-locked-loop synchronizer and strives for a perfect match

of frequency and phase. The SPM-A Synchronizer with voltage matching
generates additional raise and lower signals (relay contact closures) to the
generator's voltage regulator. Voltages must match within the SPM-A's tolerance
before breaker closure occurs.

For single-unit synchronization, installation of one synchronizer on each

generator allows each unit to be individually paralleled to the bus. For multiple-
unit synchronization, one synchronizer can synchronize up to seven paralleled
generator units simultaneously to another bus.

Both synchronizers versions have three output options: high impedance, low
impedance, and EPG. Select the high impedance output for single-unit
synchronization when the engine is controlled by a Woodward 2301 control.
Select the low impedance output for single-unit synchronization when the engine
is controlled by a Woodward 2301A, 2500, or Electrically Powered Governor
(EPG) control through a Generator Load Sensor. Use the EPG output when
using a Woodward EPG control without load sensing. Both units have the
following features:
• 120 or 208/240 Vac input
• 10 degree phase window
• 1/8, 1/4, 1/2, or 1 second dwell time (internally switch selectable, factory set
for 1/2 second)

The SPM-A Synchronizer with voltage matching has a 1% voltage match as

standard. See the part number chart for other options.

Option Chart
Part Number Frequency Phase Angle Voltage Matching
9905-001 50/60 Hz ±10° No
9907-028
9905-002 50/60 Hz ±10° 1%
9907-029
9905-003 50/60 Hz ±10° 5%
9905-004 50/60 Hz ±5° No
9905-005 50/60 Hz ±5° 1%
9905-006 50/60 Hz ±10° 0.5%
9905-008 400 Hz ±10° 1%
9905-009 50/60 Hz ±10° 10%
9905-107 50/60 Hz ±15° 5%

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Manual 82384 SPM-A Synchronizer

Theory of Operation
This section describes the general theory of operation of the two versions of the
SPM-A Synchronizer. Figure 1-1 shows the SPM-A Synchronizer with voltage
matching. Figure 1-2 shows a typical synchronizer system block diagram. Figure
1-3 shows a functional block diagram of the synchronizer.

Synchronizer Inputs
The SPM-A Synchronizer checks the phase angle and frequency of the bus and
an off-line generator which is to be paralleled. The voltage inputs from the bus
and generator are first applied to separate signal conditioner circuits. Each signal
conditioner is a filter which changes the shape of the voltage input signals so
they can be accurately measured. A phase offset potentiometer in the signal
conditioner circuit is adjusted to compensate for phase errors. (This adjustment is
factory set with identical bus and generator inputs. It should be readjusted only
where a phase offset has been caused through the line transformers of the
installation.) The signal conditioners also amplify the bus and generator signals
and apply them to the phase detector.

Operating Modes
A user-installed mode switch (single-pole, four-position) controls the relay driver.
The switch must be wired to synchronizer contacts 10 through 13 (see the plant
wiring drawing). The four positions are OFF, RUN, CHECK, and PERMISSIVE.

When the switch is OFF, the synchronizer is out of operation.

The RUN mode allows normal synchronizer operation and breaker closure
signals. The speed bias circuit continues to operate to maintain synchronization
for one second to allow time for the breaker closure signal. When one second
has elapsed, the lockout circuit activates to disable the synchronizer. The lockout
circuit is reset automatically when the relative phase angle exceeds the window
limit after the generator is disconnected from the bus.

The CHECK mode allows normal synchronizing and voltage matching, but does
not permit a breaker closure signal.

The PERMISSIVE mode allows synchronizer checks for proper synchronization,

but synchronizer operation does not affect the engine's speed (nor voltage, in the
voltage matching version). If phase and frequency are within proper limits, the
synchronizer issues the breaker closure command. (Voltage is not checked in the
Permissive Mode.)

See Woodward Application Note 50511 for information on the prediction of the
phase angle at paralleling breaker closure.

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SPM-A Synchronizer Manual 82384

Synchronizing the Generator

The phase detector compares the two signals and determines any difference
between the generator and bus phases. When there is a difference, the speed
bias circuit sends a correction signal to the Load Sharing and Speed Control. The
correction signal increases or decreases engine speed depending on whether
the generator is lagging or leading the bus. Correction signal amplitude is
proportional to the amount of lead or lag (phase difference).

The phase window, dwell time, and breaker close circuit receive inputs from the
phase detector. Using signals derived from the generator and bus inputs, the
phase window circuit checks the phase angle. When the phase angle is less than
the selected angle (inside the window) the dwell time circuit begins to measure
the amount of time (dwell) the input signals are in phase and makes sure the
signals remain in phase during breaker closure. When phase angle and dwell
time requirements are correct, the breaker closing circuit sends a signal to the
relay driver/inhibitor. The enable circuit gives a secondary relative phase angle
check and turns on an indicator. When both the breaker closure circuit and
enable circuit say the conditions have been satisfied, a signal is sent to the
breaker closure relay. Then the breaker changes state for about one second.
Connections for normally open contacts are provided.

The synchronizer, with or without voltage matching, will not close the circuit
breaker connecting the generator to a dead bus. If there is no voltage to the bus
then no correction signal is sent to the Load Sharing and Speed Control and no
breaker closure signal is sent to the breaker.

If a dead-bus relay is used to close the breaker, the synchronizer mode switch
must be in the OFF position until the synchronizer is required to synchronize and
close the breaker to a live bus.

Voltage Matching
The voltage comparator circuit compares the generator and bus voltages. If there
is a difference, the circuits issue appropriate raise or lower commands to the
voltage regulator through relay contacts (see Figures 1-3 and 1-4). A voltage
offset potentiometer (factory set with identical bus and generator inputs) is
included in the voltage matching circuit to compensate for internal circuit
differences. This voltage offset should be readjusted only when the bus and
generator are paralleled.

The voltage comparator circuit also provides input to the relay driver/inhibitor.
Any voltage difference between the generator and bus must be within the
selected voltage range before the close breaker command may be given.

The voltage matching circuit is disabled when the breaker closure signal is
issued.

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Manual 82384 SPM-A Synchronizer

Figure 1-1. Control Outline Drawing

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SPM-A Synchronizer Manual 82384

Figure 1-2. System Block Diagram

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Manual 82384 SPM-A Synchronizer

Figure 1-3. Functional Block Diagram

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SPM-A Synchronizer Manual 82384

Figure 1-4. Plant Wiring Diagram

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Manual 82384 SPM-A Synchronizer

Chapter 2.
Installation

Introduction
This chapter provides the general information for site selection, installation, and
wiring of the SPM-A Synchronizer.

Unpacking
Before unpacking the synchronizer, refer to the inside front cover of this manual
for hazard alerts. Be careful when unpacking the synchronizer. Check for signs of
damage such as bent or dented panels, scratches, loose or broken parts. If any
damage is found, immediately notify the shipper.

Location
When selecting a location for mounting the SPM-A Synchronizer, consider the
following:
• Protect the unit from direct exposure to water or to a condensation prone
environment.
• The operating range of the synchronizer is –45 to +70 °C (–49 to +158 °F).
For best operation, maintain the ambient air temperature between +10 and
+30 °C (+50 and +86 °F).
• Provide adequate ventilation for cooling. Shield the synchronizer from
radiant heat sources.
• Do not install the synchronizer near high-voltage high-current devices.
• Allow adequate space in front of the unit for servicing.
• Do not install the synchronizer where objects can be dropped on it or its
terminals.
• Ground the synchronizer for proper shielding.

Installation
Select a mounting location for the SPM-A Synchronizer (see considerations
above).

Locate and drill four holes for mounting hardware (not furnished; see Figure 1-1
for locations). Tap the holes for machine screws or bolts.

Install the synchronizer and secure with the mounting hardware.

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SPM-A Synchronizer Manual 82384

Electrical Connections
The following instructions and wiring diagrams illustrate typical wiring
connections. For applications not shown in Figures 2-1 and 2-2, refer to the plant
wiring diagram (Figure 1-4) or contact Woodward for assistance.

Connect the synchronizer terminals as shown in Figure 1-4. When making the
connections, observe the following:
• Make all connections using insulated terminals.
• Use 0.5 mm2 (20 AWG) or larger stranded, twisted shielded wire.
• Make sure that all wires shown as shielded on the plant wiring diagram, are
shielded.
• Do not place shielded wires in the same cable conduits with high-voltage or
high-current carrying cables.
• Do not connect the cable shields to any external grounds. The shields are
grounded at the control end only.
• Make sure that cable shields are carried through all intermediate terminal
blocks from signal source to signal termination.
• Do not subject any wiring to temperatures above 100 °C (212 °F).
• Avoid kinks or sharp bends in the wiring.
• Make sure that all connections are tight.

For additional wiring information, see Woodward Manual 25070, Electric

Governor Installation Guide.

Install and wire the other units and actuators in your system using instructions in
applicable manuals.

Connections to the Generator

The synchronizer is powered by voltage supply connections to the generator
potential transformers (PTs). It uses a standard 120 Vac or 208/230 Vac, 50/60
Hz input. The synchronizer can use the same voltage connections to the
generator PTs as the electronic governor's load sensor. Power consumption of
the synchronizer is 5 W maximum.

1. Connect the generator PT neutral to synchronizer terminal 5 (Figure 2-1).

2. Connect one phase of the generator PT (usually phase A) to synchronizer

terminal 2.

3. Connect the same phase from the bus PT to synchronizer terminal 6.

4. Connect bus neutral to terminal 9.

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Manual 82384 SPM-A Synchronizer

Connections to Load Sharing and Speed Control

Speed Bias Output
Make connections to synchronizer terminals as shown and connect the cable
shields to the control end only.

For single-unit 2301 application, use:

High impedance—terminal 20 (±) and 21 (common).

For 2301A, Load Sharing Modules (LSM), EPG, 2500 load control systems, and
EGA or EGM with external resistors, use:
Low impedance—terminal 22 (±) and 21 (common).

For EPG speed controls without load sensors, use:

SPM-A terminal 24 (±) to EPG terminal 10;
SPM-A terminal 23 (common) to EPG terminal 5.

Paralleling a Bus to a Bus

The synchronizer can be used to parallel an isolated bus to another bus, as
shown in Figure 2-2. Up to seven generators operating in parallel on an isolated
bus may be synchronized to another bus. In this case, the synchronizer's low
impedance output to the load sharing and speed control's SPM input is tied to
each control (through a resistor if the control is not normally connected to the low
impedance output). The resistor value is determined by the kind of control used
(refer to the table below). A resistor with a wattage rating between 1/4 and 1 watt
may be used. The resistor should be installed in the line from the synchronizer
output terminal designated ± (terminals 20, 22, or 24 depending on type of
control) and located close to the control to reduce noise pickup.

Acceptable Resistance Woodward Part

Type Control Value Number
2301 1.6 to 2.0 MΩ 1649-333
2500 Load Sensor No resistor required
EGA 196 to 226 kΩ 1649-605
EG Load Signal Control 665 to 765 kΩ 1649-277
or EGM
2301A No resistor required
Generator Load Sensor No resistor required

Sequentially Paralleling Generator to a Bus

Although the synchronizer can be switched to parallel generators in sequence to
a bus, Woodward Governor Company does not recommend this option.

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SPM-A Synchronizer Manual 82384

Voltage Regulator Relay Output Connections

Make the connections as required to terminals 16 through 19 of the synchronizer.
Terminals are shown in Figure 1-4, which give normally open contacts for
operation to the voltage regulator. The ratings for the voltage raise and lower
relay contacts are:
Resistive Loads:
10 A at 28 Vdc
3 A at 120 Vac, 50/60 Hz
Inductive Loads:
6 A at 28 Vdc
2 A at 120 Vac, 50/60 Hz

Breaker Closure Relay Connections

Make connections from the breaker closure relay to terminals 14 and 15 of the
synchronizer. These terminals, shown in Figure 1-4, give normally open contacts.
The ratings for the breaker closure relay contacts are:
Resistive Loads:
10 A at 28 Vdc
3 A at 120 Vac, 50/60 Hz
Inductive Loads:
6 A at 28 Vdc
2 A at 120 Vac, 50/60 Hz

If a dead-bus relay is used to close the breaker, the synchronizer

mode switch must be in the OFF position until the synchronizer is
required to synchronize and close the breaker to a live bus.

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Manual 82384 SPM-A Synchronizer

Figure 2-1. Typical SPM-A Synchronizer Wiring

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SPM-A Synchronizer Manual 82384

Figure 2-2. Synchronizing Bus to Bus

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Manual 82384 SPM-A Synchronizer

Chapter 3.
Calibration and Checkout Procedure

Introduction
This chapter covers the checkout and calibration of the SPM-A Synchronizer.
These procedures must be followed in sequence for proper calibration of the
synchronizer. Notes in the text indicate when procedures are different for each
SPM-A model.

Before attempting to calibrate the synchronizer, read Woodward

Manual 82715, Guide for Handling and Protection of Electronic
Controls, Printed Circuit Boards, and Modules.

General Information
Read and follow these instructions carefully when checking or calibrating the
synchronizer:
• Observe precautions for handling static-sensitive devices (see page ii).
• Use battery-operated test equipment whenever possible.
• Isolate the test equipment from all grounds, including the chassis.
• Use a digital multimeter (DMM) for all measurements and a volt-ohmmeter
(VOM) when checking indicators and relay contacts.
• Apply power to the synchronizer before applying power to any test
equipment connected to it.
• Make sure that the wiring connections have been made in accordance with
the plant wiring diagram (Figure 1-4) and that the connections are tight.
• The values given in this procedure are the values used by the factory for
calibration of the new synchronizer. Be sure that no specification changes or
modifications have been made that will change these values.

Pre-Checkout
All other units in the engine control system must be adjusted and working
correctly before operating the synchronizer. While operating the engine to make
adjustments on the other units, the synchronizer mode switch (user supplied)
must be in the OFF position.

Dwell Time Adjustment

The dwell time is factory set at 1/2 second. To set the dwell time for one of the
other settings (1/8, 1/4, or 1 second) do the following:

1. Turn off the power to all voltage inputs to the synchronizer.

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SPM-A Synchronizer Manual 82384
2. Remove the four elastic nuts securing the synchronizer cover. Remove the
cover.

To prevent damage to the components of the synchronizer, read and

follow the Electrostatic Discharge Awareness precautions on page ii.

3. Set the dwell time using the four-position gang switch located in the upper
left corner of the circuit board (see Figure 3-1). The settings are as follows:

Dwell Time Switch

(second) 1 2 3 4
1/8 ON OFF OFF OFF
1/4 OFF ON OFF OFF
1/2 OFF OFF ON OFF
1 OFF OFF OFF ON

Figure 3-1. Dwell Time Setting Switches

4. Replace the cover and secure with the four elastic hex nuts.

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Manual 82384 SPM-A Synchronizer

Test and Adjustment

Bench Test
A simple bench test may be done prior to installing the synchronizer. No
adjustments can be made as a result of this test. The bench test only provides an
indication of proper basic operation.

HIGH VOLTAGE—The following procedures uses high voltage power

for testing. Personal injury or death can occur if normal safety
precautions are not used when working with high voltage.

1. Connect a utility power source (wall outlet) of 115 Vac, 60 Hz through

single-pole single-throw switches to the BUS and GENERATOR input
terminals. Leave the switches turned off.

2. Connect a mode switch, single-pole four-throw, to terminals 10 through 13

as shown on the diagram on the synchronizer. Place the mode switch in the
OFF position.

3. This test checks for breaker closure with matching live bus and generator
inputs.

a. Turn on both the BUS and GENERATOR power switches. The

ENABLE indicator will illuminate and the BREAKER CLOSURE contact
terminal will be open.

b. Place the mode switch in the RUN position. The ENABLE indicator will
remain illuminated and the BREAKER CLOSURE contacts will close for
1 second then open.

c. Place the mode switch in the OFF position. The ENABLE indicator will
remain illuminated and the BREAKER CLOSURE contacts will be
open.

d. Turn off the power switches.

4. This test checks the power up in run mode interlock protection.

a. Place the mode switch in the RUN position.

b. Turn on both the BUS and GENERATOR power switches. The

ENABLE indicator will be illuminated and the BREAKER CLOSURE
contacts will be open.

c. Turn off the power switches.

5. This test checks for live bus to dead generator breaker closure interlock.

a. Place the mode switch in the OFF position.

b. Turn on the power switch to the BUS. Leave the GENERATOR power
switch off.

c. The ENABLE indicator will be off and the BREAKER CLOSURE

contacts will be open.

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SPM-A Synchronizer Manual 82384
d. Place the mode switch in the RUN position. The ENABLE indicator will
be off, and the BREAKER CLOSURE contacts will be open.

e. Place the mode switch in the OFF position. The ENABLE indicator will
be off, and the BREAKER CLOSURE contacts will be open.

f. Turn the BUS power switch off, then turn it on.

g. Turn the GENERATOR power switch on.

h. With the mode switch in the OFF position, the ENABLE indicator will be
illuminated and the BREAKER CLOSURE contacts will be open.

i. Place the mode switch in the RUN position. The ENABLE indicator will
be illuminated and the BREAKER CLOSURE contacts will be closed for
1 second then open.

j. Place the mode switch in the OFF position. Turn off the BUS and
GENERATOR power switches.

6. This test checks the live generator to dead bus breaker closure interlock.

a. Place the mode switch in the OFF position.

b. Turn on the GENERATOR power switch, leave the BUS power switch
off.

c. With the mode switch in the OFF position, the ENABLE indicator will be
off and the BREAKER CLOSURE contacts will be open.

d. Place the mode switch in the RUN position. The ENABLE indicator will
be off and the BREAKER CLOSURE contacts will be open.

e. Place the mode switch in the OFF position.

f. Turn off the GENERATOR power switch.

g. Turn on the BUS power switch and then turn on the GENERATOR
power switch.

h. With the mode switch in the OFF position, the ENABLE indicator will be
illuminated and the BREAKER CLOSURE contacts will be open.

i. Place the mode switch in the RUN position. The ENABLE indicator will
be illuminated and the BREAKER CLOSURE contacts will close for 1
second then open.

j. Place the mode switch in the OFF position.

k. Turn off the BUS and GENERATOR power switches.

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Manual 82384 SPM-A Synchronizer

Dynamic Check
The best way to test and adjust the synchronizer is to operate it while in the
CHECK mode.

1. Place the mode switch (user supplied) in the OFF position for starting.

2. Apply power to the electronic governor and start the engine according to the
manufacturer's instructions.

Be prepared to make an emergency shutdown when starting the

engine, turbine, or other type of prime mover, to protect against
runaway or overspeed with possible personal injury, loss of life, or
property damage.

3. Go to rated speed for the specified generator frequency.

4. Place the mode switch in the CHECK position.

5. Watch the panel meter to make sure that the synchronizer is matching
frequency and phase (and, in the voltage matching model, the voltage of the
generator to the bus). When these are matched within the limits, the
ENABLE indicator will illuminate.

The phase offset potentiometer (and on the voltage match model, the
voltage match potentiometer) are calibrated at the factory. They do
not normally require adjustment by the user for operation.

If the panel meters show incorrect phase or voltage matching, verify that they are
calibrated and adjust if necessary.

Stability and Gain Adjustments

Place the mode switch in the OFF position. Adjust the generator approximately 1
Hz higher than the specified frequency. When the phase angle reaches 180
degrees, place the mode switch in the CHECK position. Watch the synchronizer's
control action. Adjust the gain potentiometer for faster response and the stability
potentiometer for minimum overshoot and settling time at 0 degrees phase angle.
Return the generator to correct frequency.

Frequency Adjustment
To set an oncoming generator frequency to the system being paralleled, place
the mode switch in the CHECK mode. Measure the synchronizer output with a
high-impedance voltmeter. Adjust the rated speed potentiometer of the oncoming
unit for 0 (zero) output voltage from the synchronizer.

An alternate method, where the system includes a synchroscope, is to leave the

synchronizer in the off position and adjust the rated speed potentiometer of the
oncoming unit until the synchroscope stops. The closer the frequencies are set,
the better the load sharing action.

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Phase Offset Adjustment

If the synchroscope steadies at other than 0 (zero) degrees (in the CHECK
mode), the phase offset potentiometer may need adjustment.

1. Note the potentiometer position before changing the setting.

2. Turn the potentiometer as necessary to center the indicator of the

synchroscope.

Voltage Offset Adjustment (Voltage Matching Model Only)

If the panel meters show that the generator voltage is different from that of the
bus, the voltage offset potentiometer may need adjustment. Make sure that the
panel meters are accurate, calibrated, and at operating temperature. Most panel
meters are accurate to ±3% and are not temperature compensated.

1. Note the potentiometer position before changing the setting.

2. Disconnect all wiring from the voltage matching terminals (16 through 19) to
the voltage regulator.

3. Operate the synchronizer in the CHECK mode.

4. Attach the leads of an ohmmeter to synchronizer terminals 16 and 17.

5. Turn the voltage offset potentiometer counterclockwise and make a note of

its setting when the ohmmeter first indicates a relay contact closure (the
voltage matching circuit is issuing a raise command to the voltage
regulator).

6. Repeat the procedure with the ohmmeter leads on terminals 18 and 19

(lower command). Turn the potentiometer clockwise and note the setting.

7. Adjust the voltage offset potentiometer to the correct setting, halfway

between the two settings.

If the voltage offset potentiometer is misadjusted, the generator's

voltage regulator may drive in the opposite direction from what is
needed. The voltage offset potentiometer sets the voltage match
window. The potentiometer must be adjusted so that the line voltage
is contained within the window. Otherwise, the voltage regulator on
the generator will be run in the opposite direction of the voltage
mismatch. This will take the generator off line on reverse current.

8. Attach the original wiring to the voltage matching terminals.

When the breaker close signal is initiated, the voltage match circuit
is disabled.

For operation of the synchronizer once it has been adjusted and tested, set the
mode switch to the RUN or PERMISSIVE position. The ENABLE indicator will
illuminate while the phase (and voltage in the voltage matching model) are near
breaker closure limits. After the generator set is paralleled, under control of the
synchronizer, the synchronizer is disabled.
20 Woodward
Manual 82384 SPM-A Synchronizer

Chapter 4.
Service Options

Product Service Options

If you are experiencing problems with the installation, or unsatisfactory
performance of a Woodward product, the following options are available:
• Consult the troubleshooting guide in the manual.
• Contact the manufacturer or packager of your system.
• Contact the Woodward Full Service Distributor serving your area.
• Contact Woodward technical assistance (see “How to Contact Woodward”
later in this chapter) and discuss your problem. In many cases, your problem
can be resolved over the phone. If not, you can select which course of action
to pursue based on the available services listed in this chapter.

OEM and Packager Support: Many Woodward controls and control devices are
installed into the equipment system and programmed by an Original Equipment
Manufacturer (OEM) or Equipment Packager at their factory. In some cases, the
programming is password-protected by the OEM or packager, and they are the best
source for product service and support. Warranty service for Woodward products
shipped with an equipment system should also be handled through the OEM or
Packager. Please review your equipment system documentation for details.

Woodward Business Partner Support: Woodward works with and supports a

global network of independent business partners whose mission is to serve the
users of Woodward controls, as described here:
• A Full Service Distributor has the primary responsibility for sales, service,
system integration solutions, technical desk support, and aftermarket
marketing of standard Woodward products within a specific geographic area
and market segment.
• An Authorized Independent Service Facility (AISF) provides authorized
service that includes repairs, repair parts, and warranty service on Woodward's
behalf. Service (not new unit sales) is an AISF's primary mission.
• A Recognized Engine Retrofitter (RER) is an independent company that
does retrofits and upgrades on reciprocating gas engines and dual-fuel
conversions, and can provide the full line of Woodward systems and
components for the retrofits and overhauls, emission compliance upgrades,
long term service contracts, emergency repairs, etc.
• A Recognized Turbine Retrofitter (RTR) is an independent company that
does both steam and gas turbine control retrofits and upgrades globally, and
can provide the full line of Woodward systems and components for the
retrofits and overhauls, long term service contracts, emergency repairs, etc.

A current list of Woodward Business Partners is available at

www.woodward.com/support.

Woodward 21
SPM-A Synchronizer Manual 82384

Woodward Factory Servicing Options

The following factory options for servicing Woodward products are available
through your local Full-Service Distributor or the OEM or Packager of the
equipment system, based on the standard Woodward Product and Service
Warranty (5-01-1205) that is in effect at the time the product is originally shipped
from Woodward or a service is performed:
• Replacement/Exchange (24-hour service)
• Flat Rate Repair
• Flat Rate Remanufacture

Replacement/Exchange: Replacement/Exchange is a premium program

designed for the user who is in need of immediate service. It allows you to
request and receive a like-new replacement unit in minimum time (usually within
24 hours of the request), providing a suitable unit is available at the time of the
request, thereby minimizing costly downtime. This is a flat-rate program and
includes the full standard Woodward product warranty (Woodward Product and
Service Warranty 5-01-1205).

This option allows you to call your Full-Service Distributor in the event of an
unexpected outage, or in advance of a scheduled outage, to request a
replacement control unit. If the unit is available at the time of the call, it can
usually be shipped out within 24 hours. You replace your field control unit with
the like-new replacement and return the field unit to the Full-Service Distributor.

Charges for the Replacement/Exchange service are based on a flat rate plus
shipping expenses. You are invoiced the flat rate replacement/exchange charge
plus a core charge at the time the replacement unit is shipped. If the core (field
unit) is returned within 60 days, a credit for the core charge will be issued.

Flat Rate Repair: Flat Rate Repair is available for the majority of standard
products in the field. This program offers you repair service for your products with
the advantage of knowing in advance what the cost will be. All repair work carries
the standard Woodward service warranty (Woodward Product and Service
Warranty 5-01-1205) on replaced parts and labor.

Flat Rate Remanufacture: Flat Rate Remanufacture is very similar to the Flat
Rate Repair option with the exception that the unit will be returned to you in “like-
new” condition and carry with it the full standard Woodward product warranty
(Woodward Product and Service Warranty 5-01-1205). This option is applicable
to mechanical products only.

22 Woodward
Manual 82384 SPM-A Synchronizer

Returning Equipment for Repair

If a control (or any part of an electronic control) is to be returned for repair,
please contact your Full-Service Distributor in advance to obtain Return
Authorization and shipping instructions.

When shipping the item(s), attach a tag with the following information:
• return number;
• name and location where the control is installed;
• name and phone number of contact person;
• complete Woodward part number(s) and serial number(s);
• description of the problem;
• instructions describing the desired type of repair.

Packing a Control
Use the following materials when returning a complete control:
• protective caps on any connectors;
• antistatic protective bags on all electronic modules;
• packing materials that will not damage the surface of the unit;
• at least 100 mm (4 inches) of tightly packed, industry-approved packing
material;
• a packing carton with double walls;
• a strong tape around the outside of the carton for increased strength.

To prevent damage to electronic components caused by improper

handling, read and observe the precautions in Woodward manual
82715, Guide for Handling and Protection of Electronic Controls,
Printed Circuit Boards, and Modules.

Replacement Parts
When ordering replacement parts for controls, include the following information:
• the part number(s) (XXXX-XXXX) that is on the enclosure nameplate;
• the unit serial number, which is also on the nameplate.

Woodward 23
 SPM-A Synchronizer Manual 82384

Engineering Services
Woodward offers various Engineering Services for our products. For these services,
you can contact us by telephone, by email, or through the Woodward website.
• Technical Support
• Product Training
• Field Service

Technical Support is available from your equipment system supplier, your local Full-
Service Distributor, or from many of Woodward’s worldwide locations, depending
upon the product and application. This service can assist you with technical
questions or problem solving during the normal business hours of the Woodward
location you contact. Emergency assistance is also available during non-business
hours by phoning Woodward and stating the urgency of your problem.

Product Training is available as standard classes at many of our worldwide

locations. We also offer customized classes, which can be tailored to your needs
and can be held at one of our locations or at your site. This training, conducted
by experienced personnel, will assure that you will be able to maintain system
reliability and availability.

Field Service engineering on-site support is available, depending on the product

and location, from many of our worldwide locations or from one of our Full-
Service Distributors. The field engineers are experienced both on Woodward
products as well as on much of the non-Woodward equipment with which our
products interface.

For information on these services, please contact us via telephone, email us, or
use our website and reference www.woodward.com/support, and then
Customer Support.

How to Contact Woodward

For assistance, call one of the following Woodward facilities to obtain the address
and phone number of the facility nearest your location where you will be able to
get information and service.

Electrical Power Systems Engine Systems Turbine Systems

Facility --------------- Phone Number Facility --------------- Phone Number Facility --------------- Phone Number
Australia ----------- +61 (2) 9758 2322 Australia ----------- +61 (2) 9758 2322 Australia ----------- +61 (2) 9758 2322
Brazil ------------- +55 (19) 3708 4800 Brazil ------------- +55 (19) 3708 4800 Brazil ------------- +55 (19) 3708 4800
China ------------+86 (512) 6762 6727 China ------------+86 (512) 6762 6727 China ------------+86 (512) 6762 6727
Germany: Germany:
Kempen --- +49 (0) 21 52 14 51
Stuttgart ----- +49 (711) 78954-0 Stuttgart ----- +49 (711) 78954-0
India --------------- +91 (129) 4097100 India --------------- +91 (129) 4097100 India --------------- +91 (129) 4097100
Japan -------------- +81 (43) 213-2191 Japan -------------- +81 (43) 213-2191 Japan -------------- +81 (43) 213-2191
Korea--------------- +82 (51) 636-7080 Korea--------------- +82 (51) 636-7080 Korea--------------- +82 (51) 636-7080
The Netherlands - +31 (23) 5661111 The Netherlands - +31 (23) 5661111
Poland -------------- +48 12 618 92 00
United States----- +1 (970) 482-5811 United States----- +1 (970) 482-5811 United States----- +1 (970) 482-5811

You can also contact the Woodward Customer Service Department or consult our
worldwide directory on Woodward’s website (www.woodward.com/support)
for the name of your nearest Woodward distributor or service facility.

For the most current product support and contact information, please refer to the
latest version of publication 51337 at www.woodward.com/publications.

24 Woodward
 Manual 82384 SPM-A Synchronizer

Technical Assistance
If you need to telephone for technical assistance, you will need to provide the following information.
Please write it down here before phoning:

General
Your Name
Site Location
Phone Number
Fax Number

Prime Mover Information

Engine/Turbine Model Number
Manufacturer
Number of Cylinders (if applicable)
Type of Fuel (gas, gaseous, steam, etc)
Rating
Application

Control/Governor Information
Please list all Woodward governors, actuators, and electronic controls in your system:

Woodward Part Number and Revision Letter

Control Description or Governor Type

Serial Number

Woodward Part Number and Revision Letter

Control Description or Governor Type

Serial Number

Woodward Part Number and Revision Letter

Control Description or Governor Type

Serial Number
If you have an electronic or programmable control, please have the adjustment setting positions or
the menu settings written down and with you at the time of the call.

Woodward 25
SPM-A Synchronizer Manual 82384

26 Woodward
 SPM-A Synchronizer Control Specifications
Woodward Part Numbers:
9905-001/9907-028 50/60 Hz, ±10° phase angle, no voltage matching
9905-002/9907-029 50/60 Hz, ±10° phase angle, 1% voltage matching
9905-003 50/60 Hz, ±10° phase angle, 5% voltage matching
9905-004 50/60 Hz, ±5° phase angle, no voltage matching
9905-005 50/60 Hz, ±5° phase angle, 1% voltage matching
9905-006 50/60 Hz, ±10° phase angle, 0.5% voltage matching
9905-008 400 Hz, ±10° phase angle, 1% voltage matching
9905-009 50/60 Hz, ±10° phase angle, 10% voltage matching
9905-107 50/60 Hz, ±15° phase angle, 5% voltage matching

Inputs
Voltage (bus and generator) 115 or 230 Vac rms, 50/60 Hz
Voltage Tolerance ±10%
Power Consumption 5 W maximum

Outputs
Control Compatibility high impedance output for 2301 load sharing controls
low impedance output for 2301A, EPG, and 2500 load
sharing controls; and EGA, and EGM controls with
external resistor
EPG output for EPG controls without load sharing
Breaker Close Relay normally open contact provided
Breaker Close Relay
Contact Ratings Resistive Loads:
10 A at 28 Vdc
3 A at 120 Vac, 50/60 Hz
Inductive Loads:
6 A at 28 Vdc
2 A at 120 Vac, 50/60 Hz
Breaker Close
Command Duration approx. 1 second

Selections and Adjustments

Operating Modes RUN, CHECK, PERMISSIVE, OFF
Synchronizer Reset automatic reset
Phase Match Window ±5°, ±10°, ±15° available
Match-up Time 1/8, 1/4, 1/2, 1 second field-selectable internally (factory
default is 1/2 second)
Voltage Matching Range 0.5%, 1%, 5%, 10% available

Physical Installation
Location mount with switch gear
Weight 2.2 kg (5 lbs)
Maximum Operating
Temperature Range –45 to +70 °C (–49 to +158 °F)
Optimal Operating
Temperature Range +10 to +30 °C (+50 to +86 °F)

Regulatory Compliance
North American Compliance:
UL: UL Listed for use in Ordinary Locations for Canada and
the United States. UL File E97763
CSA: CSA Certified for use in Ordinary Locations in Canada.
CSA Certificate LR 46653-12

These listings are limited only to those units bearing the (UL and/or
CSA) agency identification.
 We appreciate your comments about the content of our publications.
Send comments to: icinfo@woodward.com

Please reference publication 82384U.

PO Box 1519, Fort Collins CO 80522-1519, USA

1000 East Drake Road, Fort Collins CO 80525, USA
Phone +1 (970) 482-5811 • Fax +1 (970) 498-3058

Email and Website—www.woodward.com

Woodward has company-owned plants, subsidiaries, and branches,

as well as authorized distributors and other authorized service and sales facilities throughout the world.
Complete address / phone / fax / email information for all locations is available on our website.

2009/2/Fort Collins