Desiccant and Passive Manual
Desiccant and Passive Manual
DEHUMIDIFICATION
T E C H N I C A L I N F O R MA T I O N
› Introduction
› Specifications
› Installation
› Operation
› Maintenance
› Warranty
› Safety
Desiccant Dehumidification
Rotor and Cassette
Installation, Operation and
Maintenance Manual
Rotor Source, Inc. | 17444 Opportunity Ave. | Baton Rouge, LA. 70817
Toll Free: 877-ROTORS-1 | Tel: 225-753-1700 | Fax: 225-753-1711
www.rotorsource.com
Components
Desiccant Rotor
The desiccant rotor is a high capacity desiccant media captivated in a perimeter band with
radial spokes. The spokes attach to a central hub with integral sealed ball bearings. The sealed
bearings ride on a solid center shaft with spacer plates attached to the cassette structure with
shoulder screws.
Desiccants
Rotor Source‘s high capacity substrates include HSG silica gel and H4M molecular sieve dessicants.
Belt Tensioner
Spring
Rotor
Base Plate
Air Seals
Rotor seals are made of high temperature Viton rubber designed to provide a long service life.
The seals are intended to seal the perimeter of the rotor on both flanges and dividing seals
contact the face of the desiccant media to seal between the process and reactivation areas.
Inspect the condition of the seals to ensure a positive seal between the rotor faces and metallic
frame structure.
Dividing Seals
Perimeter Seal
Media shall be uniform in nature, comprised of corrugated fiberglass with an “in situation”
formed silica gel desiccant. Corrugations shall be 0.059” tall by 0.118” wide, with a wall
thickness of 0.007” + 0.001”. Media shall be nominally 12 lb per cubic foot with “dry”
(reactivated) desiccant concentration of not less than 80% of the total media mass. Not more
than 4% of the media, including face coat, shall be of an organic material. Rotor media is rated
for continuous service between –100 FDB and + 320 FDB. Media must withstand temperatures to
2000 FDB without mechanical failure. Rotor media shall be independently tested in accordance
with ASHRAE guidelines for performance and independently tested in accordance with ASTM
E-84 for flame resistance and smoke production. ASTM E-84 result must be 0/0 for both flame
and smoke rounded indexes. Independent test results must be furnished by the manufacturer
upon request.
Rotor Frame shall be comprised of thick wall “DOM” carbon steel tubing (stainless steel
alternate), with welded 10 gage spokes and welded internal 10 gage media retention strips
(stainless steel alternate). Spoke ends shall terminate with welded heavy duty coupling nuts
for bolt attachment of outer rim. Outer rim shall be manufactured from not less than 14 gage
304 stainless steel. When applicable, 14 gage minimum type 304stainless steel flanges shall be
stitch welded to the outer rim on 4” centers. Flanges shall be additionally sealed to the outer
rim using 400 FDB rated silicone sealant. Rotor Frame shall include non-maintenance sealed
bearings rated for 200,000 hours continuous duty.
Rotor Perimeter shall be equipped with a carbon steel continuous perimeter sprocket
(stainless steel alternate), rated for 87,600 hours of continuous use, and compatible with the
specified drive system.
Desiccant Rotor Cassette shall be provided by Rotor Source, Inc. and shall conform to the
following specifications:
Cassette Frame shall be manufactured from welded 304 stainless steel tubing. All welds shall
be reasonably ground and dressed for appearance. Structural welds shall be continuous and
non-structural welds shall be on 4” centers. Cassette face panels shall be 304 stainless steel
and welded in place. Cassette motor drive base plate shall be of 304 stainless steel and shall
attached to the cassette via a bolted ½” shaft. Rotor shaft shall be manufactured from 4140
Cold Rolled steel (stainless steel alternate) and shall be bolted to the cassette via oversized
Allen head socket type shoulder screws. Rotor movement on the drive shaft shall be prevented
by the use of two (2) machined anti rotation plates, which shall additionally prevent the rotor
shaft from turning.
Rotor Drive shall include a parallel shaft gear reducer with hardened steel gears and drive
motor suitable for both 50 and 60 hz operation. Motor to be TEFC type rated IP 54 minimum.
Cast aluminum motor gear case shall be permanently lubricated. Gear Reducer drive shall be
equipped with a #40 chain hardened carbon steel ANSI drive sprocket (stainless steel alternate),
nickel plated corrosion resistant drive chain and spring type automatic chain tensioning device.
Automatic tensioner shall have manual backup. Drive Base Plate shall be stainless steel.
100 mm drive shall incorporate a timing belt which engages teeth formed within the perimeter
seal retainer and driven by a self contained gear motor with appropriate timing pulley for
proper rotational speed. Belt tension shall be accomplished by a self adjusting spring loaded
tensioner.
Rotor Source Dehumidification rotor cassettes may be located within a customer supplied air
handler, within a ducted system or machinery room, or as a “stand alone” component with the
proper exterior covers, insulation and weatherproofing. Cassette location should ensure that
the dehumidification rotor and drive are protected from the elements or a direct impingement
stream from cooling coil or humidifier, and should include sufficient structure to adequately
support the cassette from distorting during transit or operation. Note-cassettes should be
equipped with thrust type bearings for horizontal mounting. Contact the factory at the cover
address if the cassette is to be mounted in the horizontal position.
Installation Guidelines
Rotor Source cassettes are designed to be located within a customer supplied air handler.
Cassette installation should ensure that the rotor and drive are protected from the elements
and includes sufficient structure to adequately support the cassette frame from distorting
during transport and operation.
Access doors should be provided to allow for cassette and drive maintenance, as well as rotor
removal. At a minimum, the full height of the drive end of the cassette must be accessible for
maintenance and service.
Provide clearance to adjacent walls or equipment to provide a minimum of one rotor diameter
from the opening of cassette frame.
Reactivation duct attachment points to the cassette should be positioned not to block access
to the center shaft support area (shaft bolts) of the frame. Verify heat source (gas and electric)
is a minimum of 1 rotor diameter (or 24”) from face of rotor. Steam or hot water coils can be
located in closer proximity to the rotor as long as adequate air distribution is available.
Cassette attachment within an air handler may be by bolting, riveting, screwing or welding.
Internal partition attachments to the cassette face may also be by bolting, riveting, screwing
or welding. Note that the cassette must be installed with care: when drilling, exercise caution
not to damage rotor seals, rotor face or rotating parts. When welding, ensure that seals and
rotating parts are protected from the heat of welding. Weld in locations away from seals and
moving parts. All attachments within the air handler should be additionally sealed to prevent
leakage between the air streams. Attachment should result in the cassette mounted without
distortion of the frame of the cassette. Cassette faces on all six (6) “planes” should be square
within 1/16 inch, such that the gap between the rotor and the cassette faces are equal to
within 1/8” at all points around both faces of the rotor and cassette. Distortion of the cassette
Note: Adjustment of the rotor position may be required at installation and checked at start-up to
ensure that the rotor face is parallel to the cassette frame and face panels.mSee Dehumidification
Operation, Maintenance, and Repair.
OPERATION
Start-up Procedure Check List
This start-up procedure is provided to assist in proper commissioning
of Rotor Source dehumidification cassettes.
Inspection
Cassette mounted securely and sealed between adjacent air streams ________
Start-up
Proper rotor direction of rotation ________
Establish design airflow through process and react air streams ________
Flow
Air volume flow (Standard 75% dry air flow and 25% reactivation air flow is shown) are for two
(2) air streams in counter-flow directions. Contact the factory at the cover address for co-current
flow operation.
Flow Diagram
Re
act
iva
tion
Ou
tlet
Re
act
Pro iva
ces tion
s In Inle
let t
Pro
ces
sO
ut l
et
In the above diagram, “Process” flow passes through the unit, where the desiccant media
structure removes moisture to dry the air stream. Simultaneously, heated reactivation airflow
drives moisture from the desiccant media structure, where it is subsequently exhausted to
an ambient location. The unit’s drive system rotates the wheel at the pre-determined speed
to provide for a continuous process. Seals located around the perimeter of the rotor face and
between the process and reactivation air streams seal the unit to ensure that the dried process
air and moisture laden reactivation air remain separated.
Additionally, measure dry bulb temperature at the reactivation heater outlet, and time rotor
speed of rotation. Lastly, measure process and reactivation air pressure drop and drive motor
amperage.
Compare all measurements against the DSELECT software program results. Results should agree
within a few percent (likely measurement error) of graph and software performance readings.
In the event of substantial (>5%) difference between measured and predicted results, re perform
measurements. Note that common measurement and calculation errors are:
1. Process Leaving dew point is inaccurately determined by measuring wet bulb (or RH) and
calculating dew point. In many cases, the leaving process air is so dry that even slight measurement
errors in dew point (or RH) will have significant results. If possible use a chilled mirror dew point
sensor for all dew point readings.
2. Turbulence in air streams causes variance in all readings. Take an average reading in a transverse
across the face of the rotor in order to minimize variance due to turbulence.
3. Heat and mass transferred do not balance. The amount of heat gain in BTUH on the process side
must match the heat loss in BTUH on the reactivation side. Also, the amount of moisture removed
on the process side must match the
Principle of Operation amount of moisture gained on the
reactivation side.
Reactivation
Reactivation If mass and heat transfer do bal-
Air Outlet Heater
Air Inlet
ance, it is likely that the read-
ings obtained are correct. Refer to
the troubleshooting section of this
manual for additional actions.
Cassette Divider & Seals
Desiccant Rotor
Drive and Belt
For trouble not covered by the chart above, contact the factory at the cover address.
Caution: Operation of VFD's on TENV motors below 10 hz can cause permanent damage to windings.
Do not operate below 10hz.
Shorts or intermittent trips may occur if water enters the junction box of the motor. This
may be caused by conduit running from the control enclosure (exposed to ambient or high
humidity) through a cold air stream to the motor junction box. The resulting condensation can
build to a point where it causes a temporary short or in some cases corrosion and failure of the
motor. Damage from water exposure cannot be covered as warranty. Should the conduit need
to be located in such an area, it is recommended that the conduit be internally sealed at the
control enclosure and also at the motor junction box.
Rotor Inspection
Carefully inspect the face of the desiccant rotor for signs of discoloration, damage, or clogging
from contamination. Normally the desiccant media will be a medium gray color. Through use,
some normal contamination build-up occurs, and the coloration will change to brown. If the
F
DE C
A
CL
C
B
A
face has a pink coloration, this would indicate that the face has been exposed to excessive
temperatures (425° F or higher). If the rotor face has been damaged, the damaged areas will
show up as light tan spots. Contact Rotor Source if overheating or damage is found.
Occasionally some minor separations will occur within the desiccant media. These separations
are strictly cosmetic and will not adversely affect performance. If separations are found, verify
that the desiccant media is still secure within the rotor framework by pressing lightly on the
media face. No movement should occur. To repair the cosmetic separations, simply fill with
100% RTV and remove excess. See “Rotor Cleaning” and “Rotor Repair Procedures”.
Seal Inspection
Rotor seals are made of high temperature Viton rubber designed to provide a long service life.
The seals are intended to seal the perimeter of the rotor on both flanges and dividing seals
contact the face of the desiccant media to seal between the process and reactivation areas.
Inspect the condition of the seals to ensure a positive seal between the rotor faces and metallic
frame structure. The seals should be pliable, intact and should lightly contact the flanges and
face of the desiccant media. A small amount of black residue from the seals will occur after
A
DE C B
CL
F A
extended use and is normal. If large amounts of residue are evident, closely inspect the seals
for excessive wear, especially the dividing seals between process and reactivation. If excessive
wear is evident, the seals should be scheduled for replacement at the next service interval.
Also inspect to ensure a good seal exists between the metallic structure of the cassette and
interconnecting ductwork. Any significant leakage in these areas affects overall performance
and should be sealed.
Inspect the condition of the drive sprockets and perimeter sprockets, as well as alignment
between the two sprockets. Check to ensure the sprockets are secure to the motor shaft and
rotor. Rotation should be smooth with no binding of the chain.
Proper chain tension is established by the compressed height of the springs on the motor
mounting plate (See Drive Spring Compressed Height). Too little tension will result in the chain
slipping on the drive sprocket. If this occurs, significant wear will be evident on the teeth of
the motor sprocket. Too much tension will damage the outboard bearing of the gearmotor.
Rotor Cleaning
Periodically, the rotor may need cleaning from accumulated dust and debris. Generally, air
handlers are equipped with air pressure drop monitoring devices, which indicate pressure drop
through the rotor. If the air pressure drop exceeds 125% of the “new” pressure drop (with the
correct airflow measured), the rotor should be cleaned by the following methods:
1. Preferred Method - With the air handler secured, clean & dry 100 psi air should be directed
into the rotor (as per the picture below) while personnel simultaneously vacuum the opposite
side of the rotor to catch dust and debris. A standard shop vacuum, equipped with a rubber
hose adapter is typical. The air nozzle admitting the 100 PSI air should never come closer than
1" to the face of the rotor. Be careful not to damage the rotor face with extreme air pressure
or with the metal body of the air nozzle. Clean thoroughly until residue no longer comes from
rotor. Appropriate confined space entry requirements (as applicable) should be observed when
entering the air handler.
Should rotor or sprocket misalignment be evident in the field as a result of transport, the
following procedures apply to troubleshooting and correcting the alignment. Please note that
this rotor alignment must be correct prior to attempting any adjustment to the factory location
of the perimeter sprocket mounted on the outer band of the dehumidification rotor.
1. Verify that the rotor is improperly aligned within the framework by checking the gap
in-between the rotor flange and cassette panels where the perimeter seals are attached.
Misalignment will be evidenced by a smaller gap at one edge of the rotor from the other. This
may be witnessed in a vertical or horizontal plane.
2. Operate the drive system and verify the gap is consistent during rotation. If the gap is
consistent, misalignment is the cause. If the gap changes during rotation, it may be run out of
the rotor around the central axis or a run out of the perimeter flange of the rotor.
3. Correct the misalignment by loosening the center shaft bolts and adjusting the rotor position.
Small wooden wedges, inserted between the rotor perimeter and rotor seal are sufficient to
align the rotor to the desired position. Position the rotor such that equal gaps exist between
the rotor flange and cassette panels. After adjustment, operate the drive to ensure that the
gap is consistent during rotation.
4. If run out is evident (change of gap spacing during rotation) verify if the rotor band or flange is
causing the variation. The band position would indicate the amount of run out, the flange position
can be adjusted perpendicular to the band manually with a slotted tool, at the thickness and width
of the flange.
If an adjustment is made in the position of the rotor within the frame, the location/alignment of
the perimeter sprocket must be checked in relationship to the cassette panels and drive sprocket.
If adjustment is necessary, the following procedures apply:
1. Operate the drive system and check the position of the perimeter sprocket in
relationship to the drive sprocket and a fixed spot on the cassette frame. The perimeter
sprocket should track with a consistent gap between the frame. To adjust position,
it will be necessary to loosen or possibly remove the attachment screws holding the
sprocket to the rotor band.
Upon completion of the perimeter sprocket alignment, the drive chain and sprocket engagements
should be smooth with consistent vertical chain alignment. Some vibration of the rotor may be
evident from friction generated by the perimeter seals. This should be mild and will not affect
the operation of the drive system.
The dividing seals separating the reactivation area should also be checked to ensure proper
contact with the face of the rotor. Normally the gap between the rotor face and seal mounting
angle should be approximately 3⁄4”.
Adjusting Nut
3/8-16
*(minimum)
Drive spring compressed height
includes overall height of spring
and retainers
Over compressing spring may result in
Height premature motor failure
2 springs per assembly
A
DE C B
CL
F A
Outer Band
Fill Gaps
Scratches/Dents
Paint or Fill w/RTV
Spokes
Media Face
Remove the effected area with a router and cutting bit to a depth of at least 1”. Blow excess
dust from the repair area using compressed air. Carefully fit a new section of media to the cut-
out area, tapering the sides slightly so that a force fit is required. Apply RTV adhesive to the
perimeter of the routed area, as well as a bead in the routed face approximately every 3-4”.
Carefully press the patch into place using a small block of wood and a hammer. Tap the patch
until it bottoms out in the repaired area. Using a drywall saw or similar tool, carefully cut
the patch height to protrude slightly above the face of the media. Using a sanding block with
medium grit drywall screen, carefully sand the patch flush with the face of the original media.
Blow excess dust from the repaired area and coat with Acrylic Urethane paint available from
Rotor Source. The paint may be applied by spraying or a brush. If a brush is used to paint the
effected area, blow the flutes clean with compressed air. Allow to dry overnight.
Outer Band
Repair Area
Damaged Area
Spokes
Media Face
Repair Patch
Tapered Edges
Perimeter Seal
Dividing Seal
and Angle
Removed
Dividing Seal
and Angle
8
1
9
10
5 4 6
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7-Drive Band, 2ea Rotor Source Rotor Source Rotor Source Rotor Source Rotor Source Rotor Source Rotor Source Rotor Source
DB-220 DB-320 DB-440 DB-550 DB-660 DB-770 DB-550 DB-770
8-Tensioner Ass’y Rotor Source Rotor Source Rotor Source Rotor Source Rotor Source Rotor Source Rotor Source Rotor Source
BT-100 BT-100 BT-100 BT-100 BT-100 BT-100 BT-100 BT-100
9-Spring* McMaster Carr McMaster Carr McMaster Carr McMaster Carr McMaster Carr McMaster Carr McMaster Carr McMaster Carr
96605K28 96605K28 96605K28 96605K28 96605K28 96605K28 96605K28 96605K28
10-Roller** McMaster Carr McMaster Carr McMaster Carr McMaster Carr McMaster Carr McMaster Carr McMaster Carr McMaster Carr
8625K35 8625K35 8625K35 8625K35 8625K35 8625K35 8625K35 8625K35
6004-2RS
Bearing
1.75" Hub
20mm Shaft
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G (400mm Depth) 15.75 15.75 15.75 15.75 15.75 15.75 15.75 15.75 15.75 15.75 15.75 15.75 15.75
No. of Spokes 4 4 4 4 4 4 8 8 12 12 12 12 12
B E
0.66
G
25
DESICCANT DEHUMIDIFICATION TECH
Dehumidification Cassette General Arrangement Unitized Series
D C B
E CL
F A
Note: 75/25 Process to Reactivation split available as an option on 550 & 770.
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B
27
DESICCANT DEHUMIDIFICATION TECH
DESICCANT DEHUMIDIFICATION TECH
Motor Data
Size Motor HP Voltage Phase Frequency Full Load Amps
220-100 2Z805 1/400 115 1 60 0.4
320-100 2Z805 1/400 115 1 60 0.4
440-100 2Z805 1/400 115 1 60 0.4
550-100 6Z906 1/90 115 1 60 0.8
660-100 6Z906 1/90 115 1 60 0.8
770-100 6Z906 1/90 115 1 60 0.8
550-200-R1 6Z906 1/90 115 1 60 0.8
770-200-R1 6Z907 1/90 115 1 60 0.8
550-200 BGLM12-240SC1C 1/50 115 1 60 0.33
770-200 BGLM12-240SC1C 1/50 115 1 60 0.33
965-200 BGLM12-240SC1C 1/50 115 1 60 0.33
1070-200 BGLM12-240SC1C 1/50 115 1 60 0.33
1220-200 BGLM15-240SD1C 1/30 115 1 60 0.45
1525-200 BGLM15-240SD1C 1/30 115 1 60 0.45
1730-200 BGLM18-240SE1C 1/20 115 1 60 0.62
1940-200 BGLM18-240SE1C 1/20 115 1 60 0.62
2190-200 BGLM18-240SE1C 1/20 115 1 60 0.62
2438-200 BGLM18-240SE1C 1/20 115 1 60 0.62
2743-200 BGLM18-240SE1C 1/20 115 1 60 0.62
2896-200 BGLM18-240SE1C 1/20 115 1 60 0.62
3050-200 BGLM18-240SE1C 1/20 115 1 60 0.62
Weights/Dimensions
Size Rotor Weight Cassette Wt Basic Dim’s
220-100 4.4 30 13.5x13.5x9.5
320-100 7.3 35 17x17x9.5
440-100 11.7 40 22x22x9.5
550-100 17.9 45 26x26x9.5
660-100 23.8 50 30x30x9.5
770-100 30.6 55 34x34x9.5
550-200-R1 42 66 26x26x10.38
770-200-R1 74 92 34x34x10.38
550-200 45.3 110 27x27x12
770-200 82.4 180 36x36x12
965-200 120.5 245 43x43x12
1070-200 140.1 305 48x48x12.5
1220-200 170.5 400 54x54x12.5
1525-200 256.0 620 67x67x12.5
1730-200 366.9 795 76x76x13.5
1940-200 435.3 1000 84x84x13.5
2190-200 578.7 1275 94x94x13.5
2438-200 681.8 1530 106x106x15.4
2743-200 819.8 2000 118x118x15.5
2896-200 893.7 2200 124x124x15.5
3050-200 971.2 2475 130x130x15.5
Rotor and Cassette metallic structure, including hub, shaft, spokes, perimeter band,
cassette sheet metal and tubing structures (as applicable) are warranted for a period of sixty
(60) months from the date of shipment, and are specifically warranted, in addition to being
free of defects in material and workmanship, for the following:
1. Structures including welds and base materials shall not fail due to corrosion from normal
ambient sources (corrosive industrial environments are excluded).
2. Structures shall not fail due to normal operating pressures and subsequent developed stresses.
Media and Substrate are warranted for a period of twenty four (24) months from the date of
shipment, and are specifically warranted, in addition to being free of defects in material and
workmanship, for the following:
1. Material will not fail due to exposure of saturated (100% relative humidity) air streams.
2. If installed and operated in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions, media shall
perform as per data published by the manufacturer.
Additional Components such as rotor bearings, seals, belts, chains, sprockets, drive
motors and controls (as applicable) are warranted for a period of twelve (12) months from
the date of shipment, and are specifically warranted, in addition to being free of defects in
material and workmanship, for the following:
1. Equipment shall not fail due to insufficient torque and/or duty for selected application.
2. Material shall not wear to the point of failure, within the period, from normal operating
stresses.
Seller’s sole obligation under this Limited Warranty, is to repair or replace, at its option, free
of charge to the original purchaser (except as noted), F.O.B. the Seller’s factory, any Product
determined by the Seller (in its sole discretion) to be defective. Seller’s Limited Warranty
excludes defects, failures and reduced performance caused, either directly or indirectly,
by improper installation, abuse, misuse, misapplication, improper maintenance, lack of
maintenance, negligence, accident or normal deterioration, including wear and tear. This Limited
Warranty additionally shall not apply to failures, defects or reduced performance, resulting
either directly or indirectly, from any use or purpose other than desiccant dehumidification
and or energy recovery (as applicable), or from exposure to corrosive environments (liquid
or gaseous) or liquid water, in the form of impingement from a moving air stream. This
Limited Warranty additionally excludes damages due to natural disasters and Force Majure.
This Limited Warranty does not include costs for transportation (including without limitation,
THE OBLIGATION AND LIABILITY OF THE SELLER UNDER THIS LIMITED WARRANTY DOES
NOT INCLUDE LOSSES, DIRECT OR INDIRECT, FOR INCIDENTAL, SPECULATIVE, INDIRECT, OR
CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, RESPECTIVE OF THE FORSEEABILITY OF ANY SUCH DAMAGES. THIS
LIMITED WARRANTY IS PROVIDED EXCLUSIVELY TO THE ORIGINAL PURCHASER OF PRODUCTS
AND MAY NOT BE TRANSFERRED OR ASSIGNED WITHOUT THE EXPRESS WRITTEN CONSENT OF THE
SELLER. THIS LIMITED WARRANTY IS IN LIEU OF, AND SELLER HEREBY EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS,
ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY
WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, AND THERE
ARE NO WARRANTIES WHICH EXTEND BEYOND THE DESCRIPTION ON THE FACE HEREOF. In no
event shall the Seller’s liability to Purchaser hereunder, or in any respect of the transactions
contemplated hereby, whether direct or indirect, exceed the amount paid by the Purchaser in
respect of the products from which any such liability is said to arise.