SECULARISM AS A PART OF HUMAN RIGHTS: A THEORITICAL ANALYSIS OF INDIAN

SECULARISM AND IT’S IMPORTANCE.

INTRODUCTION:

The growing of the issues of human security in the world is because of the war,
molestation, hunger, disease and environmental insecurity, many others and these are the
causes of insecurity of the human life. Likewise the human security in North East is also
vulnerable because of the existing of war, insurgency, kidnapping, molestation, illiteracy,
discrimination, food, health and environmental issues, clash and conflict and etc. Udalguri is a
district of Bodoland Territorial Region under sixth schedule administration in Assam which is
deserve for specific and special study for the human right and human security though people of
the region is under constitutional protection and guarantee.

Likewise as above mention the ‘Secularism’ is also one of the parts of the human rights
and securities. Secularization, Secularity and Secularism are multivocal words. (1) secularization
ordinarily refers to socio-cultural that enlarge the areas of life, material institutional and
intellectual in which the role of the sacred is progressively limited, (2) secularity is the resultant
state of social being, (3) secularism is the ideology that argue the historical inevitability and
progressive nature of secularization everywhere. The English word secular is derived from the
Latin Word ‘Seaculum’ which means ‘an age’ or ‘the spirit of an age’.

India as a secular state came only with the enacted of the 42 nd Amendment to the
Constitution (1976). The Preamble of the Indian constitution proclaims that the India is a
secular nation state. The Constitution of India protects and gives equal status to all the religion
as well as every individual of the state, no religion will be declared as official and state religion.
Part III of the Indian Constitution says the fundamental right and guarantee to every citizen
regardless of cast, creed, race or sex, and religion. Article 25-28 of the Constitution expressly
guarantee individual and collectively freedom of religion. Which often empowerment to the
people about the Protection of personal life and liberty in Article 21 of the Indian Constitution.
The democratic and republican government which guarantee the a number of fundamental
rights, broader range of personal freedom, freedom from fear and freedom from want to its
citizens reduces the danger of state repression by preventing a wide range of actions which
governments use against their own citizen.

REVIEW OF LITERATURE:

Mahmood Tahir, (2011) “Religion and the Secular State: Indian Perspective”: India is a unique
State, believing in secularism and yet preserving its spirituality through constitutional
provisions, legislation, State policy and judicial pronouncements. Maintaining a rational balance
between secularity and religiosity, accommodating religious sensitivities of the people to a
reasonable extent, avoiding religion-based discrimination among the citizens as far as possible,
and endeavoring to put them on a par regardless of religious affiliation, are the basic features
of religion-state relations in India. God and Caesar both have a place under the constitutional
and legal set up of the country, but the scope of “what belongs to God” remains wider in India
than in most other professedly secular societies.

Lalu Dyavappa and Rathod P. B (2014) “Secularism and Indian Constitution: An Overview”:
They tried to show the secularism and Indian constitution which is very necessary to build
peaceful society. The study has included about the discussion of secularism and how it acts
according to the Indian constitution. The constitution of India has adopted secularism under the
Article 25th to 28th, here nobody has right to declare their religion as national religion because,
India is basically secular state therefore, all religion is treated as equal. They concluded that
India has been declared a secular state by its written constitution and it is every Indians duty to
stand by and believe in this declaration. In the end, secularism begins in the heart of every
individual. There should be no feeling of "otherness" as we all have is a shared history. India
being a traditional society that contains not one, but many traditions owing their origin in part
to the different religions that exist here has so far managed to retain the secular character of its
polity. Lastly, the secularism was not included in the constitution of India, but, later on it was
adopted by 42nd amendment in 1976 in the preamble.

Ali, M.D Musa (2015) “Secularism in India: “Concepts, Historical Prospects and Challenges”:
India is a land of religions, languages and customs. Many religions are flourishing here since
long back, which have their own traditions and beliefs. Therefore India is a multi religious and
multi cultural country from its known history. The author concluded that the Indian society is
very rich, and well known for wisdom and great thoughts. Secularism is an important aspect of
Indian society, for which it is also well known in the world.

PROBLEM AND STATEMENT:

India is a land of different religious, languages, traditional and customs. Many religious,
culture languages has been practicing since long ages, which have their own tradition and
belief. Therefore India is a multi religious and multi cultural country from its known in history. It
was never mono-religious or mono-cultural. In view of the intrusion of religious passion and
cast loyalties into politics one may ask whether India is a truly secular or theoretical state.

The discrimination of one community or its members by another community or its

members on account of their religious identity are the instances of religious persecution and
they reflect interreligious domination. Secularism is the first and foremost doctrine that
opposes all such forms of inter-religious as well as intra-religion domination. Separation, loss
and sufferings are endemic to the human condition, while large part of our suffering is man-
made and hence eliminable; at least some of our suffering is not manmade. Religion, art and
philosophy are responses to such sufferings. Secularism too accepts this and therefore it is not
anti-religious. Religion has its own share of some deep-rooted problems. In religions such as
Hinduism, some sections have been persistently discriminated. For example- Dalits have been
barred from entering Hindu temples, Muslim women is not allow to enter in Masjid. In some
part Hindu women cannot enter temples. When religion is organized, it is frequently taken over
by its most conservative faction, which does not tolerate any dissent. Religious fundamentalism
in parts of US has become a big problem and endangers peace both within country and outside.
Many religions are fragmented into sects, which leads to frequent sectarian violence and
persecution of dissenting minorities. This religious domination is known as inter- religious
domination. As Secularism is opposed to all forms of institutionalized religious domination, it
challenges not merely inter-religious domination but intra-religious dominations. It (Secularism)
promotes freedom within religions and promotes equality between, as well as within religions.

The current issues of violence, riots, mob-lynching in India has encouraged to study and
to do research in field of secularism. Religious resurgence brings new problems for both
emergent and established nation-states. This study contends that nation-states can achieve
successful governance only through careful management of religious and cultural differences
and through respect for religious minorities and non-conventional religious groups in
increasingly multi-religious and multicultural national contexts.

IMPORTANCE OF THE STUDY:

It is an important part to study and understand about India’s secularism that how it
exercises to the citizens of India. Sometimes the questions arise about the secularism crisis in
India that what is the behind of the lacking of secularism that it has not been mentioned
properly in the constitution despite having available relevant sources.

OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY:

 To analyze how secularism ensure human right.

 To examined the scope and nature of the secularism.
 To study the constitutional framework of secularism of Indian Context.
RESEARCH QUESTIONS:

 What is the role of the constitutional republican government to ensure the

human right?
 Does Indian secularism need to refine?
 Why does secularism important to the democratic republican government?
 What are the factors that constitute on violation of the human rights debate in
India?

RESEARCH METHODODLOGY:

Research simply means search for facts, answer to the questions and solutions to
problem. Research becomes a systematic, controlled and critical investigation of hypothetical
pre questions. In the proposed study secondary sources have been used, Secondary data have
been collected from various books, research papers and articles. In addition to this study, data
have been collected from various journals also.
 TENTATIVE CHAPTERISATION:

1. INTRODUCTION.
2. LITERATURE REVIEW.
3. SECULARISM: THEORITICAL APPROCHES AND UNDERSTATDING.
3.1:
3.2:
3.3:
3.4:
4. SECULARISM IN INDIAN CONTEXT.
INTRODUCTION
4.1: Origin and Importance of the Secularism in India.
4.2: Constitutional Determination of Secularism.
4.3: Practices of Secularism In India.
5. SECULARISM AND HUMAN RIGHTS IN UDALGURI DISTRICT OF ASSAM.
INTRODUCTION
5.1. Human Rights in Udalguri District of Assam.
5.2: Data Interpretation and Analysis.
5.3: Factors of the violation of the human rights.
5.4: Issues of Secularism and Democratic Republican Government.
5.5: Measures of the Study.
6. CONCLUSSION

REFERENCES
APPENDIX
 RESEACH AREA

HUAMAN RIGHTS/ PEACE AND CONFLICT STUDIES

TOPIC

SECULARISM AS A PART OF HUMAN RIGH: A THEORITICAL ANALYSIS OF INDIAN

SECULARISM AND IT’S IMPORTANCE.

SUBMITTED TO

DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL SCIENCE,

BODOLAND UNIVERSITY, KOKRAJHAR

SUBMITTED BY

SALVATIONN MOCHAHARI,

ROLL NO- PHD/POLSC/0043

APPLICATION NO- BU/PHD/POL/2022-23/057