ST.

PATRICK'S SCHOOL
END-OF-YEAR EXAMINATIONS 2022

SUBJECT : BIOLOGY (6093) DATE : 11 OCT 2022

LEVEL : SECONDARY 3 EXPRESS DURATION : 1 H 45 M

ANSWER SCHEME

SECTION A: MUTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS (10 MARKS)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

B B C C D C D A D C

11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

B D A A C D B D D C

SECTION B: STRUCTURED QUESTIONS (30 MARKS)

1 (a) [2] [8]

process taking place in the cell part of the cell
packaging and processing of
R
proteins
release of energy S
synthesis of proteins Q
selectively control entry of
P
substances
2 or 3 correct – 1m; all correct – 2m

(b) Any 2 of the following: [2]

Cell wall / chloroplast / large central vacuole

(c) Heart muscle cells require large amounts of energy [1] to [2]
carry out the contraction and relaxation when the heart is
beating/ pumping blood.[1]
(d) [2]

Actual length = [1]

= 0.00023 cm [1]
2 (a) Diffusion; [7]
It is the net movement of particle from a region of higher [1]
concentration to a region of lower concentration. [1]
 Active transport;
It is the process in which energy is used to move the particles of [1]
a substance across a membrane, against its concentration [1]
gradient (OR from a region of lower concentration to one of
higher concentration).

(b) (i) mitochondria [1]

(ii) Active transport [1]

Since energy needed for active transport to take place, it cannot [1]
occur when cyanide added and prevents cellular respiration
from releasing energy needed.

3 (a) A biological catalyst made of proteins that can alter or speed [2] [9]
[1] up the rate of chemical reactions without itself being
chemically changed [1] at the end of the reaction.
(b) pH 6 [1]

(c) [1]

(d) - At the optimum pH (pH 2), pepsin digested the most area of [3]
gelatin because the enzyme is most active.
- As the pH increases, the area of gelatin digested
decreases.
- At extreme changes in pH (pH 9), there is no digestion of
gelatin because pepsin is denatured.
(e) Any two of the following: [2]
- Temperature
- Volume of the enzyme
- Volume of substrate (milk)

4 (a) D : hepatic portal vein ; [2] [7]

F: hepatic vein ;
2
 (b) - Organ E is the liver which is important for the production of [3]
bile [1]
- which emulsifies/break up fats into smaller fat droplets [1]
- This increases surface area of fats for faster digestion by
lipase into fatty acids and glycerol [1]

(c) - Excess amino acids undergo deamination[1] [2]

- to form urea which will be excreted out via sweat or urine. [1]

5 (a) (i) coronary artery [1] [9]

(ii) Award for any two of the following: [2]
- diet high in fat / oil / cholesterol
- stress
- smoking
- genetics / inheritance
- lack of exercise
- obesity

(iii) - Narrowed blood vessels increases the blood pressure [3]

[1/2] can cause blood cells to clot [1/2] in the artery,
also known as thrombosis.
- This reduces the blood flow [1/2] and oxygen and
nutrients [1/2] supply to the heart muscles [1/2].
- This may lead to a heart attack [1/2]

(bi) [2]
- Opens metal mesh to push / compress the blockage / fat [1]
- To widen blood vessel / lumen [1]

(bii) increases blood flow [1]

SECTION C: FREE-RESPONSE QUESTIONS (20 MARKS)

3
6 (a) (i) Award marks for any 2 of the following: [2] [10]

- Carbon dioxide is required by plants for photosynthesis;

- Carbon dioxide concentration is usually a limiting
factor;
- More carbon dioxide, more glucose (OR carbohydrate)
is produced, increasing crop yield
- More carbon dioxide => faster rate of photosynthesis.
(ii) Carbon dioxide will diffuse out of the glasshouse/ [1]
Carbon dioxide is wasted/
Idea that extra growth / yield does not cover the cost of the
carbon dioxide
(b) Higher average temperature; [1] [3]
Increased rate of action by enzymes involved in photosynthesis. [1]
Glasshouse E had same CO2 concentration as atmospheric air, but
had higher uptake of CO2 due to higher temperature. [1]
(R: comparing temperature difference between glasshouse F and
G, since both scenarios involve glasshouses)
(c) (i) Plants did not photosynthesise in the darkness, so no [1]
additional carbon dioxide was supplied
(ii) Carbon dioxide released by respiring plants is not used up by [1]
photosynthesis, so remained higher in concentration than
atmospheric air.
(d) Award marks for any 2 of the following: [2]

Open windows allow oxygen to enter at night [1]; To allow plants to

respire [1]
OR
Prevent temperature from being too high on hot days / avoid plants
overheating [1]; Denaturing enzymes [1]

7 (a) Loss of water vapour from a plant, mainly through the stomata of the [1] [10]
4
 leaves.
(b) Humidity of the air; Temperature of the air; Light intensity; (Any two) [1]
(c) 5 micrometers; [1]
(d) (i) Graph T [1]
(ii) Humidifier increases humidity (OR water vapour concentration) [3]
outside stomatal pore; [1]
Creates a more lower (OR decreased/gradual/less steep/more
gentle) water vapour concentration gradient between the inside
of leaf and the atmosphere near stomatal pore; [1]
Thus for the same stomatal pore width, the rate of transpiration
(diffusion of water vapour out of stomata) reduced. [1]
(e) (Any 2 points. [1] for every correct) [2]
Creates a transpiration pull that draws water and mineral salts up
from roots to the leaves / Transpiration stream helps to distribute
mineral salts throughout the plant; [1]
Supplies plant cells with water which is the medium for many
biochemical reactions; [1]
Supplies leaves with water needed for photosynthesis; [1]
Supplies plant cells with water, which helps to maintain the turgidity
of cells, needed for supporting the plant (OR keeping leaves spread
open to maximise light absorption during photosynthesis); [1]
Evaporation of water from the plant cells results in cooling the
leaves. [1]
(f) Graph S [1]
When transpiration rate is higher, is is more likely to be higher than
water absorption rate by roots, therefore more likely for plant to wilt.

8 (a) Chamber X [1] is the left ventricle as the ventricular pressure is [2] [10]
higher than the pressure at atrium [1].

(b)  As the pressure in chamber X increase from B to D, the [4]

volume in chamber X decreases. [1]
 The muscles of the left ventricle contracts. [1]
 Increase in blood pressure forces blood out of the left ventricle
into the aorta [1] ,
 hence decreasing the volume within the ventricle. [1]
(c) (i)  The volume of blood entering the atrium per second is [2]
similar in both hearts. [1]
 However, the volume of blood entering the aorta is larger
at 18 arbitrary units in the normal heart than at 13 arbitrary
units in the heart with the malfunctioning valve. [1]
(ii)  Malfunctioning valve does not effectively prevent the [2]
backflow of blood from ventricle to atrium / there is a
backflow of blood from ventricle to atrium [1].
 Less blood enters the aorta. [1]