CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

This chapter is background of the research that describes the reason why the writer

intends to conduct this research. There is the background, statement of research problem,

objectives of the research, and significance of the research and. Definition of key term is

given so that the readers are expected to have the same interpretation in understanding of the

study and organization of writing to close this chapter.

1.1 Background

Movie is a moving picture that is recorded with sound that is usually we watched on

television, cinema, or theater such as drama. Movie is not only for entertainment, but people

also can use movie as a medium of learning and information. Movie called live images

(motion pictures), which is a series of still images (still pictures) that glides quickly and

projected so that the impression of living and moving. Effendy (1986:239) “The movie is a

picture of a moving (Moving Picture)”. Movie is a medium that presents an audio message,

visual and motion. Therefore, the movie gives the impression that impressive for the

audience. Eneste (1991:18) states, “The movie is a combination of a wide variety of arts,

namely music, art, drama, literature coupled with photographic elements.” Therefore, the

movie is an audio-visual medium that produces a work of imaginative and creative.

In a movie, the author describes the ideas, concept, and values of life that can

become examples in everyday human life. that can be influenced by two elements, that is

intrinsic element and extrinsic elements. According to Semi (1988; 35) intrinsic aspects are

including character, conflict, setting, and figurative language, which build the literary work
itself. While extrinsic element is the way to analyze a literary works using related theories

and contents in order to get a better understanding between the material and theory that is

used to analyze the topic. So extrinsic element are elements that are obtained from outside

the story such as socio-culture, outlook on life, and others.

Basically, to distinct the whole story through the characterization. It means that to

know the content of the story, audience primarily have to do is know every characters in the

story. Character and characterization is one of intrinsic element. Type of characters is main

character and minor character. Nurgiyantoro (1994:176-177) says the main character is a

character who is prioritized in his storytelling in the literary work concerned. He is the

character who is mostly told, both as the perpetrator of the incident and the one who was

affected by the incident. Additional characters or minor character are characters who are not

told much but their presence also determines the course of the story with the main character.

So, the main character is someone have a detail information and also have a power

characterization, while a minor character is someone which helps make the main character's

characterization even stronger.

The writer found out some previous studies which are related to this research. The

first is from Nurilah Ariani (2010) with her thesis Characters and Theme Analysis in J.M

Coetzee Novel Disgrace which focused on character and theme of the novel. The similarity

between the previous and the research is we both discuss about character. The difference is in

the selected object which is the previous choses the novel and the researcher chose the

movie. The second previous is almost related with this research who was written by Lusi Fitri

Asmanida (2018) which is entitle The Analysis of Maleficent’s Characterization as The Main

Character in Maleficent Movie by Robert Stromberg. The thesis discusses about Maleficent
characteristics and conflict which fall on her. The similarity between the previous and the

research is we both discuss about Maleficent movie and analyze the characterization. But

there are differences in discussion of the statement problem. The previous only focus on

Maleficent characterization and her conflict, but this research analyzes some of the characters

and characterization of the Maleficent movie and finds out the function of the characters for

developing story. This research also analyze sequel two of Maleficent movie. The tittle is

Maleficent: Mistress of Evil.

Maleficent: Mistress of Evil movie had a dark fantasy adventure. The movie has two

series. The first movie has a title Maleficent was release on May 28,2014 and the second has

a title Maleficent: Mistress of Evil was release on October 18,2019. Both of them produced

by Walt Disney Pictures, directed by Robert Stromberg and Joachim Ronning, and written or

screenplay by Linda Woolverton. The story has fairy tale story, like sleeping beauty, but with

the dark fantasy tone. Usually fairy tales have a kind fairy who will help a princess. But in

Maleficent: Mistress of Evil, the fairy is not only someone who helps a princess, but also

becomes the main character and has a different character from other fairies.

The character becomes an image that is made to attract the reader's attention. So the

characters and characterization have an important aspect of building and developing story in

a movie. From that, the writer is interest to analysis of characters and characterization from

Maleficent: Mistress of Evil movie. The writer chose Maleficent: Mistress of Evil movie for

this research because this movie has unique characters and characterization from other fairy

tales, where the main character has two type character, that is protagonist and round

character. In this movie also raises several types of characters that are very interesting to be

analyze. Kennedy and Gioia in their book Literature: An Introduction to Fiction, Poetry, and
Drama and Lois Tyson in their book Critical Theory Today for structuralism which has

theory to help in this research. This research is also assisted by several theories that can

include the research.

1.2 Statement of Problem

The writer discovers several aspects which can be learn and analysis in the

Maleficent: Mistress of Evil movie characters and characterization. Based on the background

that has been described previously, the writer identified the formulation of the problem as

follows.

1. How does characterization of main character Maleficent develop in the Maleficent:

Mistress of Evil movie?

2. What are the functions of characterization in developing story of Maleficent: Mistress

of Evil movie?

1.3 Research Objective

Based on the background and statement problems above, the researchers identified

the research objectives as follows.

 To know characterization of main character Maleficent develop in Maleficent:

Mistress of Evil movie.

 To know what the functions of characterization in Maleficent: Mistress of Evil movie.

1.4 Research Significance

 This research is expected to contribute the development of literature in the field of

language and literature department. The result of the study is expected to provide benefits

both academically and practically. Therefore, the significance of this research academically is

intended to literature students as their analysis material or reference and to improve the

literature studies. Practically, the research is directed to those who are interested in literature

especially about characters and characterization in the movie.

1.5 Definition of Key Terms

Key terms are words from the paper of this research. These key terms provide to make

the reader easier to comprehend about the statement of problems in this research. The key

terms that the writer use in this research is:

1. Character: is a figure in the story. Including human being, animal, fairies, etc. Klarer

(2004: 135) says “character is a figure presented in literary text, including main character

or protagonist and minor character.” Character become one of the important things in a

story.

2. Characterization: is the author's way of presenting and showing the characters by direct

description, by showing the characters in action, the dialog, or by presenting other

characters who help to define each other. In characterization, there are what are called flat

characters (characters that don't change from the beginning to the end of the story) and

round characters (characters that are more complex in the story and can change in the

middle or end of the story due to certain factors/reasons). There is main and minor

character, also protagonist (who have a good character) and antagonist (who have a bad

character).
3. Structuralism: is a theory about structure that is often used in literature. Jonathan Culler

argue in Eagleton (1983: 124) “the applying of structuralism can advance one’s

understanding of the conventions and operations of an institution, a mode of discourse.”

4. Movie: is a type of literature that is composed for the reason of being performed in front

of audience. Movie is an even recorded by camera to be shown which is aimed as a means

of communication, information and socialization. It is made to be watched and listened.

1.6 Organization of Writing

1. Introduction

This chapter have substance with the background, statement of problem, research

objective, research significance, and definition of key terms.

2. Framework of Thinking

This chapter reviews the theory that underlies and supports the research:

framework of thinking includes overview of movie and drama theory, character and

characterization theory and structuralism theory.

3. Research Methodology

This chapter define the method of this research. it begins with research design,

sample of data, source of data, technique of collecting data, and ended by technique of

analyzing data.

4. Data Analysis
 This chapter be composed of data representation and discussion based on research

taken from movie and other source that support this analysis, such as theory of movie,

character and characterization, and Maleficent: Mistress of Evil movie.

5. Conclusion and Recommendation

This is the end of chapter conduct this conclusion of the entire research analysis

and suggestion for improve understanding.

 CHAPTER II

THEORITICAL FRAMEWORK

This chapter discusses structuralism as the basic theory for applying literature approach.

The writer also added another theory, such as movie and drama, character and characterization

and analyzing movie as literature to get comprehension on the research problem.

2.1 Structuralism

Structuralism is point on literature as a framework of signs in which meaning is

developed inside a context. Lois Tyson (2006: 220) says “Our discussion of structuralist

approaches to literature will focus on the narrative dimension of literary texts because

structuralist criticism deals mainly with narrative. In addition, most drama and a good deal of

poetry, though not classified as narrative, nevertheless have a narrative dimension in that they

tell a story of some sort”. In short, structuralism can be used in writing either in the form of

stories in dramas or even poetry. Even so, structuralism also cannot ignore other things from the

public, such as readers and or audiences.

According to Abrams (1981: 87), in approaching a literary work, “structuralist criticism

stands free from poet, audience, and its environment. It describes the literary work as a self-

sufficient object”. What Abrams implies by the self-contained object could be a framework
which comprises of indivisible interrelation components. A component decides the personality of

the others and contrarily. In another side, “the structure of a literary work can be regarded as an

arrangement, firmness, and depiction of all elements and materials which shaping a unity” (68).

Each component cannot stand alone without the other components. A component needs the other

components to create the entire story, such as the show and the audience, or the character and

characterization.

Structuralism can be a technique of translating and analyzing such as dialect, literature,

and society, which centers on separating considerations or components of structure and attempts

to see how they relate to the whole structure. Structuralists thing that the essential structures

which organize rules and units into critical frameworks are made by the human intellect itself

and not by sense of acknowledgment. Structuralism tries to decrease the complexity of human

experiences to certain essential structures which are widespread, a thought which has its roots

within the classicists like Aristotle who recognized basic structures as forming the introduce of

life. Tyson also said “We must keep in mind, however, that structuralism does not attempt to

interpret what individual texts mean or even whether or not a given text is good literature. Issues

of interpretation and literary quality are in the domain of surface phenomena, the domain of

parole. In short, structuralism isn’t interested in what a text means, but in how a text means what

it means” (220).

Burhan Nurgiyantoro (1995) state that structuralist approach points to explain as clearly

and precisely the functions and connections among many components of a literary work which

create the entire story. The imperative thing is to appear how the elements relate to each other.

Structuralism itself is a way of considering around the world which is overwhelmingly

concerned with the discernments and portrayal of structures. Structuralism claims that the nature
of each component in any given situation has no importance by itself, and in reality is decided by

all the other components included in that situation. In this manner, from the clarification over,

the writer can conclude that actually the idea of structuralism is the thought of framework. The

individual works, the literary sorts, and the complete of literature are too related to frameworks.

In another side, according to Hawkes (1978), “structuralism is basically about how we

see the world as a formative link not as a formative thing. An element in a system of structure

will have a meaning after getting a link with the others.” In this way, essentially the analysis of

structuralism purposes to expand precisely the work and the relationship among the components

of literary works. Then seeing the literature as a whole is a part of structuralism critic in literary

works. From the structuralist point of view, literary works is consisted of intrinsic aspects which

made it as a whole unity. Intrinsic aspects are plot of story, character and characterization,

background or setting of story, and the theme of story. So then, analyzing some characters in the

story can make the analysis as the structuralism analysis. It is therefore, the analysis in this

research will conduct the structuralism method.

The writer decides to take the structuralism approach for this analysis because of the

main idea of structuralism that emphasizes upon the relationship among the component of a

literary work. In this research, the writer tries to explain the characterization of the Maleficent:

Mistress of Evil movie and it’s function in developing story with structuralism theory, drama and

movie theory, character and characterization theory and other theory which can help this

research.

2.2 Drama and Movie

 Drama is a type of literature ordinarily composed to be performed. According to Kennedy

and Gioia (1976: 1061) “Unlike a short story or a novel, a play is a work of storytelling in which

actors represent the characters”. Drama or play is arranged for the reason of being performed in

front of audience. Dramas and movies both aim to be staged and presented to an audience by

being moved directly by actors and recorded for distribution. Kennedy and Gioia also says “In a

silent reading, the usual play consists mainly of dialogue, exchanges of speech, punctuated by

stage directions. In performance, though, stage directions vanish. We may even forget that the

play is literature, for its gestures, facial expressions, bodily stances, lighting, and special effects

are as much a part of it as the playwright’s written words. Even though words are not all there is

to a living play, they are its bones. And the whole play, the finished production, is the total of

whatever transpires on stage” (1062). So the drama has an important role with the player or

actor, the producer, the audience, and others. This is indeed done during performances, whether

in a drama or movie.

Although movie regularly read in this way, they are made basically to be displayed in

public performers, each of whom imagines to be one of the characters within the story the play is

telling. Drama means “action” or “deed” (from the Greek dran, “to do”). We use drama as a

synonym for plays, but the word has several meanings. Sometimes it refers to one play (“a

stirring drama”); or to the work of a playwright, or dramatist (“Ibsen’s drama”). In yet another

familiar sense, drama often means events that elicit high excitement: “A real-life drama.”

Kennedy and Gioia also said that most plays are written not to be read in books but to be

performed (1062-1063). It because drama and film presents real action so that the public or

audience has a more realistic view. Kosasih (2012: 132) explain about definition of drama:
 “Bentuk karya sastra yang bertujuan menggambarkan kehidupan dengan menyampaikan

pertikaian dan emosi melalui lakuan dan dialog. Drama menjadi media dalam

menggambarkan imajinasi yang berdasar pada pengindraan yang telah didapat dari

dinamika realitas kehidupan manusia. Dialog pada naskah drama merupakan media

dalam memaparkan cerita”.

According to Joseph M. Boggs (2008), movie is form of expression, the motion picture

that is similar to the artistic media. Movie employs the compositional elements of visual art; like

painting and photography movie exploits the subtle of inter-play of light and shadow; like

sculpture movie manipulates three-dimensional space; like pantomime movie focuses on moving

images; like dance movie has rhythm; like poetry communicates through imagery, metaphor, and

symbol; like drama movie communicates visually and verbally; like the novel movie compresses

and expands time and space, travelling back and forth freely without their wide borders.

Movie is one of the popular-literary products which nowadays is becoming so popular in

societies to be consumed regarding to globalization. Although movie has more characteristics

than literary itself, but the basic unsure of the movie is also literary work. This explanation is

strengthened by the theory stated by Joseph M. Boggs, he argues that:

“Still, film should not be ignored because studying it requires an extra effort. And the fact

that we do not generally read films does not mean we should ignore the principle of

literary or dramatic analysis when we see a film. Literature and film do share and

communicate many elements I similar ways. Perceptive film analysis rests on the

principles used in literary analysis. Therefore, before we turn to the unique elements of

film we need to look into the elements that film shares with any good story.”
 Movie is an art in movement, since the creators describe each motion that happens based

on the perspective of the imagination they get based on the tangible perceptions they experience

from the social life around them. Movie is appearance (embodiment) of human life. Moulton in

Haryamawan (1986: 1), state that drama is life presented in action. movie is a reflection of the

elements of life that happen, both movement, behavior or human act. So, movie has viewpoints

of human life, characteristic and social reality that are references, so drama could be a complex

literary work. Thus regarded, a play becomes a form of storytelling, and the playwright’s

instructions to the actors and the director become a conventional mode of narrative that we

accept much as we accept the methods of a novel or short story.

Movie and drama have same definition in some aspect. They are assigned to be displayed

in front of the public as well as the audience with elements of actors, dialogues, also recorded by

camera. Drama and movie also have a function to communicate, inform, and socialize. Miyarso

(2009: 1) said

“film (movie) atau sinema merupakan salah satu bentuk teknologi audio visual. Hampir

semua ide, gagasan,pesan atau kejadian apapun sudah dapat dibuat dan ditayangkan

dengan menggunakan terknologi audio visual gerak ini. Baik hal-hal nyata yang ada di

sekitar manusia (dokumentatif), hingga pada hal-hal fiktif yang berasal dari

imajinasinya”.

Based on the opinion of experts, it can be concluded that movie may be appearance of

imagination which is showed into a work, both in terms of verbal and development. In drama

aspects of human life, general and social realities become references to describe a work that is

played. Movie is a type of literary work which tells about a life of mankind through expression,

action, and dialogue. It contains entertainment and intrinsic elements.

 Movie considered as a powerful medium of communication to the target masses, because

of its audio-visual nature with vivid images and sound, movie able to tell a lot of stories in a

short time. When watching a movie, the audience seems to be able to penetrate space and time

which can tell life stories and can even influence the audience. Movie has one goal, that is to

attract people's attention to the content of the problems it contains. In addition, movie can be

designed to serve the needs of a limited public or the wider public Movie is a sensational act

which may be a representation of life by including dialogue as a medium. Movie usually

delineates human life that's experienced regularly. Then one of the characteristics of movie is a

depiction of dialogue performed by characters who represent each of their characteristics. Movie

requires the quality of communication, situation and action. Quality can be seen from how the

conflict or problem can be presented as a whole of movie.

2.3 Analyzing Movie as Literature

Movie is one of the easiest works to enjoy modern and popular literature. The character

plays the movie to tell a story and convey a particular meaning, moral value, and also motivation

of life. It could be a true story or a fiction story. Many kinds of the movie such as horror,

comedy, romance, fantasy, history, etc. The movie can influence our aspect of life because the

movie gives the audience an illustration of a story played or performed by some figures.

Nowadays, human has increasing technology by making something looks alive. Movie is a series

of moving images produced by a camera or animation by visual effects. That’s combines

photography, sound recordings, fine arts, theater, literature, architecture, and music art. Movie is

cinema or moving images, is a series of pictures projected on a screen aims to create the illusion

(description) of motion of the living. The difference things from other literary works in movie, it
expresses not only through action and gesture in visual, through dialogue in verbal, but also

through concrete pictures and recorded sound (Boggs and Petrie, 2008:3).

Analyzing movie, like analyzing literature (fiction texts, etc.), is a form of rhetorical

analysis—critically analyzing and evaluating words, phrases, and images. Unlike literature,

movie have incorporate audiovisual elements. Ultimately, however, analysis of film is not too

different. Think of all the things that make up a scene in a movie: the actors, the lighting, the

angles, the colors, and the dialogs. Dialogue and narration appear alternately so that a film is not

monotonous. According to Pettrie & Boggs (2012), in the modern movie, a major part of our

attention directed to the sound in movie, it is naturally directed for understanding the dialogue,

because dialogue in most films gives us a great deal of important information (221). Dialogue is

a conversation or narrative fellow characters in a work, so that we as though receiving a direct

information through these characters. Furthermore, literature and movie incorporate similar

elements. They both have plots, characters, dialogue, settings, symbolism, and, just as the

elements of literature can be analyzed for their intent and effect, these elements can be analyzed

the same way in movie. Re-watching movie and creating screen captures (still images) of certain

scenes can help with detailed analysis of colors, positioning of actors, placement of objects, etc.

Klarer 2004:53 states that “film is made by literary techniques, conversely, literary

practice, developed particular features under the impact of film”. Drama or film is a piece of

work consisting of literary aspect and aspect of performed. The major developments of literary

theory have therefore also been borrowed or adapted by film studies. In spite of their differing

forms and media, drama and film are often categorized under the healing performing arts

because they use actors as their major means of expression

2.4 Character and Characterization

 Characters are the effect of characterization that they have been made in specific way.

The kind conversation they have, the thing they do, their appearances and so on are the particular

ways in which the writer has chosen to characterize his or her character. According to

Nurgiyantoro (2000) a character is a person who is shown in a narrative or drama and the readers

can interpret how their attitude or morals and behavior are though the actions they take.

Character creation is the art of characterization what the writer does to bring a character to life to

give the audience with a sense of that character's personality to create that character unique.

In other words, characterization is a method while character is a product of the method.

Readers always identify every action of characters to know who is victim or suspect in a story

through interpretation about what characters do, what characters said, and which characters act.

Character have psychological aspect to build the story. Character and personality have a close

relationship. In any drama, personality plays a vital role in character's behavior and actions to

protect personal entity and psyche (Charters, 2011: 34). Character can be defined as somebody in

a literary work that has identity which is made up by their looks, dialogue, activity, name and

idea.

Characterization have a more extensive scope than character because not only describe

who include within the story but moreover include how the writer or author describe the

character in a story, as of the data about characterizations can give a clear picture to the readers

and audiences. In this way, it can be concluded that characterization is the method of conveying

data around of story through discussions between characters, activities, ideas, and descriptions of

these characters. In addition, characterization can moreover be seen through the appearance of

each character, gender, age, education level, occupation, and social status. Characterization in

literature is the method of creators used to develop character and make images of the characters
for the audience. According to Aquino (1976: 112) characterization is the method to analyze the

main character's development and personality which deals with the process of creating an image

of person in fiction complete with the person's trait, features and motivations. It broadly refers to

the description and improvement of character.

According to Kennedy and Gioia (106), characterization is the techniques a writer uses to

create, reveal, or develop the characters in a narrative. The ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle,

who laid the foundations for the critical study of drama, divided the elements of drama into plot,

character, thought, language, and spectacle (1920: 8). However, almost all dramas use all of

these elements to some extent, telling a story by means of the interactions of characters, who

express their thoughts through language within a particular visual setting. The balance of these

elements, however, varies from play to play. During some periods and in some traditions many

or most plays emphasize some element other than plot. Numerous plays emphasize a particular

character or a relationship between characters, as does Shakespeare’s Hamlet, such plays are

especially popular because audiences have always been interested in seeing their favorite actors

interpret such demanding roles.

Character development refers to how developed and complex a character is some

characters start out as highly developed, for example, if we know something about how a

character walks and talks, what she thinks, who she associates with, and what kind of secrets she

has, she is naturally more complex and developed. Other characters develop over the course of a

story, starting out one way and ending up different, becoming changed by what happens to them.

Or you might only see one side of the character for a while but at some point, another side is

revealed, proving the character to be more complex.

2.4.1 Flat Character and Round Character

 Sutton (1971:9) states that divides characters in fiction can into four types. (a) Flat

characters are characterized by one or two traits, they can be summed up in a sentence; (b)

Round characters are complex and many sided, they might require an essay for full analysis; (c)

Static character is a character who remain the same from the beginning of a work to the end

while; (d) dynamic character exhibit some kind of change of attitude, of purpose, of behavior as

the story progresses. But in this research, the writer just took the two of them. Flat character and

round character.

2.4.1 Flat Character

Flat characters are generally simple, have a few dominant characteristics, and tend to be

unsurprising. Flat character is a character who does not change their character from beginning to

the end. Whether it's a good character or a bad character. they only have one or two characters in

the story so those characters won't change throughout the story. Nurgiantoro (1995: 181-182)

says that a flat character as known as a simple character “simple character in original form, the

character which only one simple personality, or one characteristic personality”. A flat character

has only one outstanding trait or feature, or at most a few distinguishing marks (Kennedy and

Gioia: 68).

Flat characters tend to stay the same throughout a story, but round characters often

change—learn or become enlightened, grow or deteriorate. (68). So, flat character usually has

just one or two characteristics and never changing till the end of story.

2.4.2 Round Character

Round character usually plays a major role in a story. They are often called the hero or

heroine. Round character is usually a main character, and is developed over the course of the
story. These characters have been fully developed by the writer, physically, mentally, and

emotionally, and are detailed enough to seem real. Nurgiyantoro argues that a round character as

complex character, the character having and reveal in any possibilities in his or her life,

personality, and side of personal life”. Can be concluded that round character can change

following the plot that occur in the story and can surprising the audience in the end of story. For

audience, these are the characters you may put the most undertake into following and

understanding, and for writers, they are the most challenging to create. Round characters are

multidimensional, complex, and frequently conflicting.

According to Kennedy and Gioia (68) “round characters, however, present us with more

facets—that is, their authors portray them in greater depth and in more generous detail. Such a

round character may appear to us only as he appears to the other characters in the story. If their

views of him differ, we will see him from more than one side. In other stories, we enter a

character’s mind and come to know him through his own thoughts, feelings, and perceptions”.

2.4.2 Protagonist and Antagonist

2.4.2.1 Protagonist

Protagonist character could be a character admirer by people, and as known as a hero.

Protagonist character appear something suitable with our view’s desire. Protagonists are the main

characters in fiction. However, they are not always completely moral or likable. It's important for

protagonists to be relatable even if they are not likable. Readers and audience need to believe

protagonists and understand their choices. Kennedy and Gioia quoted:

“Aristotle observes that the protagonist, the hero or chief character of a tragedy, is a

person of “high estate,” apparently a king or queen or other member of a royal family. It is the

nature of tragedy that the protagonist must fall from power and from happiness; his high estate
gives him a place of dignity to fall from and perhaps makes his fall seem all the more a calamity

in that it involves an entire nation or people. Nor is the protagonist extraordinary merely in his

position in society (1147).” So the protagonist becomes the main character who has many

obstacles because that will affect the developing story.

2.4.2.2 Antagonist

Antagonists usually are known as bad people in works of fiction. Antagonist character

becomes the opposite of the protagonist character. They attempt to avoid heroes from getting

what they want or need. Making an enemy evil isn't as interesting as making the character

conflicted. For that reasons there must be an antagonist who is 'disruptive', that is the function of

the antagonist character. to create an interesting plot as well as the development of the story. The

antagonist is the character or force against which the protagonist struggles (Pope, 2005:134).

Even so, conflicts do not only come from antagonistic characters, but can also come from other

things such as disaster, accident, environment and society, social rules, moral values, high power

and strength, etc.

2.4.3 Main Character and Minor Character

Nurgiyantoro (1995: 176) state that character in story in divided into two kinds; there are

central character or main character and peripheral character.

2.4.3.1 Main Character or Central Character

Characters give the important roles to make the story in a film more alive (Pope,

2005:86). They give the story a purpose, a reason for the audience to care what happens in the

film. Especially for the main characters, they have an important role in films. They have big

influence to represent the important thing that a film wants to deliver to the audience.

Nurgiyantoro (1995) state that character who told the most, both as the perpetrator or the person
affected by the even. According to the statement above, main character takes the biggest part of

the story and have more appearances than the other characters.

The main character has an important role in every action in the story. DiYanni (2001: 55)

mention a main character is an important figure at the center of the story’s action or theme. The

main character is called a protagonist whose conflict with an antagonist may spark the story's

conflict. A main character is a character that is emphasized to tell the story. The main character

continuously shows up in most of the story, either as subject or as object.

2.4.3.2 Minor Character or Peripheral Character

According to DiYanni (2001: 55-56) that “supporting the main character are one or more

secondary or minor character whose function is partly to illuminate the main characters. Minor

characters are often static or unchanging: they remain the same from the beginning of a work to

the end. We should be careful not to automatically equate major characters with dynamic ones or

minor characters with static ones.”

Major character and minor character are important in character. Usually, people assume

protagonist (major character) is the same with main character that in the beginning until the end

story. Antagonist (minor character) is a partner from protagonist that supports protagonist

character to make the plot interesting. Antagonist character is related when the story has a

conflict for protagonist character to achieve what the goals that protagonist character represents

for the audience.

Minor characters are unlikely to be used as a viewpoint character. In most fiction— even

the greatest—minor characters tend to be flat instead of round. Why? Rounding them would cost
time and space; and so enlarged, they might only distract us from the main characters (Kennedy

and Gioia, 1976: 68).

2.5 Synopsis Maleficent: Mistress of Evil movie

This sequel to the first Malificent film opens in the Moors. Three men approach a tree

where little mushroom fairies are hiding. The man grabs for them, and he manages to get a few.

They are stopped and attacked by a creature with large horns. Two of the men are killed by this

creature while one escapes with one of the little mushroom fairies. He returns it to the kingdom

of Ulstead for an unknown purpose.

The narrator states that it has been five years since Maleficent (Angelina Jolie) became

guardian to Princess Aurora (Elle Fanning) after rescuing her from her father, King Stefan, but

the story about Maleficent has been twisted to continue painting her as a villain. In the present

day, Aurora is queen of the Moors, presiding over all magical creatures. The fairies Knotgrass

(Imelda Staunton), Thistlewit (Juno Temple), and Flittle (Lesley Manville) come by to tell

Aurora something, along with a little porcupine fairy called Pinto. She steals Aurora's crown and

leads her to chase after her, only for Aurora to fall in the river. As she walks out, she is met by

Prince Phillip (Harris Dickinson). Aurora realizes what is going on, and Phillip proposes to her.

She accepts, to the delight of all the fairies. However, Diaval (Sam Riley) overhears this and flies

over to tell Maleficent. Before he can finish his sentence, a very unhappy Maleficent swoops

down to go find Aurora.

In Ulstead, Phillip rides with General Percival (David Gyasi) back to the kingdom. Like

most of the other people in Ulstead, Percival views Maleficent and the Moorfolk as murderous

monsters. Phillip goes to his parents, King John (Robert Lindsay) and Queen Ingrith (Michelle
Pfeiffer) to deliver the news that Aurora has accepted his proposal. They both congratulate him,

and they plan on having both Aurora and Maleficent present for a dinner. We then see Ingrith

travel to a lower level in the castle where she has several workers forging weapons. She meets a

servant of hers, Lickspittle (Warwick Davis), who is in the process of creating something

dangerous by using a particular flower. It is also shown that Ingrith is using the cursed spindle as

part of her plan.

Maleficent flies down to meet with Aurora. She openly voices her approval over the

engagement, but Aurora just wants Maleficent and Phillip's family to get along. Maleficent

knows that she is not wanted in Ulstead, but for Aurora's sake, she promises to show up and

behave. Diaval helps her practice being polite, while Aurora gives her a veil to cover her horns

so as to make the people in the kingdom more comfortable.

Maleficent travels with Aurora and Diaval into Ulstead to meet John and Ingrith. Things

first seem wrong when Ingrith deliberately places iron silverware out, knowing full well how

iron hurts fairies. Ingrith starts to pile on by bringing up Maleficent's curse and the disappearance

of the men in the moors, suggesting she may have had something to do with it. The final straw

comes when Ingrith says that Aurora will now have a real mother once she marries Phillip.

Maleficent rages out and spreads her wings to intimidate everyone. When she demands to Aurora

that they leave, John suddenly appears to fall ill before fainting. Ingrith makes everyone believe

that Maleficent has cursed John, but she denies it to Aurora. When Aurora won't join her,

Maleficent flies away. Ingrith has her henchwoman Gerda (Jenn Murray) fire iron at Maleficent,

causing her to fall into the ocean. Moments later, a creature resembling her swoops down and

rescues her.
 John is laid in his bedroom. Aurora and Phillip suggest that Ingrith use "true love's kiss"

on him to wake him up. Since she obviously doesn't love him and is, in fact, the one who cursed

him, it doesn't work. Gerda then reports to Ingrith about the other creature that grabbed

Maleficent. Maleficent wakes up to find her wound tended to. She wanders and comes across a

gathering of other Dark Fairies (or "Feys"), including Conall (Chiwetel Ejiofor), the one who

saved her. Co-leader Borra (Ed Skrein) views the humans as the enemy, blaming them for the

disappearance of the fairies. They see Maleficent, and Borra goes over to mock her association

with a human. This makes her mad enough to demonstrate her power against Borra, which he

actually finds great as he thinks they can use her power against the humans. Conall then takes

Maleficent across the land, which is a hidden society of other fairies that possess unique powers.

Conall also shows Maleficent that she is descended from a fairy phoenix, but her ancestor used

her power for dark purposes and was crystallized. He warns Maleficent about using that kind of

power.

Pinto sneaks into the castle and finds the mushroom fairy, but she gets captured by

Lickspittle and placed along the other stolen fairies. Meanwhile, Aurora is staying in the castle,

with Ingrith pretending to be loving toward her, but it becomes clear she is controlling, as she

prefers Aurora wear her old wedding dress instead of the one that the three fairies made for her.

Lickspittle is then shown to have completed Ingrith's weapon. He shows her how it works - the

pieces of the flower are mixed with iron powder to turn it red and make it instantly lethal to

fairies. Lickspittle grabs a poor dandelion fairy and causes it to burst into dust with the slightest

touch of the powder. Ingrith gets ready to use it and has Gerda invite (or rather, demand) the

Moorfolk to attend Aurora and Phillip's wedding.

 In the midst of a celebration, Maleficent senses something is not right. She flies to the

Moors and finds that Ingrith's soldiers have taken the flowers. They have also ambushed her and

fire iron bullets at her, but Conall dives in to save her, wounding himself. The other fairies fight

off the soldiers and return to lay Conall to rest. Borra proclaims to the other fairies that Ingrith

has initiated a war against them, and they will fight together as an army. Maleficent stays by

Conall's side as he dies, in which he transfers his essence to her while he becomes part of the

earth.

The Moorfolk begin to arrive in the kingdom for the ceremony. Aurora then senses

something from the spot on her finger where she had been pricked. She comes across Ingrith's

secret lair and finds the spindle, which allows her to see that Ingrith stabbed John with a cursed

end. She also discovers that Lickspittle is a pixie who was forced to work for Ingrith after she

took his wings. Ingrith finds Aurora and has her guards imprison her.

Ingrith has all the Moorfolk locked inside the chapel as Gerda begins to release the red

powder inside, which kills some of the tree folk. Outside, Maleficent and Borra lead the other

fairies to fight back, but they are hit with numerous powder bombs, instantly killing some of

them and forcing them to fall back. Aurora tells Phillip what his mother has done, and when he

learns the truth from Ingrith, who shows no remorse, Phillip defies her and jumps off the tower,

escaping on a balloon. Borra swoops down and almost kills Percival when he attempts to strike

another fairy, but Phillip intervenes. He tells Borra he doesn't want his mother's war, and he

refuses to have fairy blood on his hands. Maleficent witnesses this and realizes Phillip can be

trusted. She still goes after his mother and faces her on the tower. Meanwhile, after one more tree

creature sacrifices himself to save the three fairies, Flittle flies into the organ to sacrifice herself,
causing her essence to fill the organ with flowers that stop the powder from spreading. Knotgrass

and Thistlewit then fly in Gerda's face, causing her to fall off the balcony to her death.

Aurora runs up to stop Maleficent from killing Ingrith, saying she knows that she is not

as evil as they say she is. Ingrith then fires an arrow at Aurora, but Maleficent takes the hit and

disintegrates. As Aurora weeps, Ingrith tells her that she is the one who spread the stories about

Maleficent being evil, as she wanted to take control of the Moors by wiping out the creatures

there. Aurora's tears then cause Maleficent to regenerate into her powerful phoenix form. She

causes the nearby tower to collapse, and Ingrith makes one last cowardly move by throwing

Aurora off the tower. Maleficent goes to save her, and they tumble across the ground. As Ingrith

tries to escape, she is found by Borra and the other fairies. Outside, Maleficent asks Phillip if he

truly loves Aurora, and he says he truly does. Maleficent gives her blessing, and Lickspittle

comes to give her the cursed knife that Ingrith used. Maleficent breaks the curse, causing the

spindle to disappear and for John to wake up. Ingrith is then dropped out of the castle through

vines before Maleficent turns her into a goat for her punishment. Phillip is happy to see his father

again, and they both decide they'll wait to let Ingrith turn human again.

Aurora and Phillip are officially married, with Maleficent walking her down the aisle,

and the humans and fairies are integrated into both kingdoms. Knotgrass and Thistlewit argue

over what color Aurora's dress should be until a nearby flower turns it blue, implying that Flittle

might still be alive. Maleficent goes to rejoin the other fairies as she bids the new couple

farewell, but cheekily promises to be back for their baby's christening. The film ends with

Maleficent flying away across the sky with the fairies.

 CHAPTER III

RESEARCH METHOD

Research methodology begin with research design, sample of data, source of data,

technique of collecting data, and technique of analyzing data.

3.1 Research Design

In this research, the writer uses descriptive qualitative method. According to

Jauhari (2010: 34) “metode deskriptif secara harfiah adalah metode yang
menggambarkan sebuah peristiwa, benda dan keadaan dengan sejelas-jelasnya tanpa

mempengaruhi objek yang ditelitinya”. It means that descriptive method can describe this

research without change the object. Gay (1976) claims that “descriptive method is the

research which is enveloping of way to answer the question in a research”. This research

also used a qualitative method. Nyoman (2004: 47) state that “qualitative method in the

study of literature data source is the work, the script, and the data research as formal data

in the format words, sentences, and discourse”. It means the writer will analyze the

characterization and the other to describe systematically and based on the data.

According to the whole statement above, this research will analyze the character

and characterization in Maleficent: Mistress of Evil movie based on descriptive

qualitative method. This research using the intrinsic element, that is character and

characterization. Character is a person who plays a role in literary work. In the movie,

this person called actor or actress. Whereas the characterization can be called human

nature. The characterization can be seen by the physical appearance, the dialog of the

characters, the action that they did, and also from their thought and feelings. That mean

characterization is the way the author gives personality of the character.

The writer also use a qualitative descriptive method as described by Moleong

(2009:186) that research of qualitative method is a research that the procedure produces a

descriptive data in the form of words written or spoken posts of people and actions that

can be observed. The researcher uses qualitative descriptive analysis approach of this

research in order to answer the questions about characters and characterization that builds

the movie script.

3.2 Sample of Data

 According to Jauhari (2010: 38) “Data can be matched with evidence to be

processed or analyze to answer research question”. It means that the data can answer the

research of the question. The data presented by the conversation or the dialog from the

movie script. From those point above, the data is categorizing by the question mentioned

in statement of problem.

3.2.1 Characterization main character of Maleficent: Mistress of Evil movie

According to Kennedy and Gioia, there are some types of characters. They are

flat, round, major, minor, protagonist, and antagonist (78). The writer will take a sample

of this research. Main character in this movie is Maleficent, same as the title of the

movie. The minor character is characters who supported the major character. The writer

selected several minor characters such as: Queen Ingrith (antagonist), Aurora, Diaval,

Prince Phillip, and Gerda (flat characters). Borra and Percival (round characters). They

all have an important role to build and develop the characterization of main character.

3.2.2 The functions of characterization in developing story of Maleficent: Mistress of Evil

movie

The writer discusses about Queen Ingrith, antagonist character, bring up the

conflict in Maleficent: Misstress of Evil. Queen Ingrith wants to take revenge on the

people of The Moors / fairies for causing her and her family to suffer in the past.

According to her, the fairies had killed his brother who wanted to negotiate peacefully.

Therefore, Queen Ingrith wants to kill all the fairies / people of The Moors and does not

believe in peace and harmony.

 Queen Ingrith: (01.13.45-01.15.00) “When I was young...my family's kingdom

bordered the Moors. And one particularly harsh winter...our crops died...and the

people began to suffer. And as we looked over our walls... we could see the fairies

thriving. My brother and I believed we should take what we needed...while my

father, The King, sought their kindness. Choosing peace over our people, he sent

my brother to do his bidding. He never came back. Those savages...creatures (the

fairies) who could barely grunt, let alone engage in talks, killed him.. Our people

became fearful. They overthrew my father. The land fell into chaos. I was cast out.

Forced by fate into marriage with King John of Ulstead. Another weak king

speaking of tolerance and civility. And now, my own son...corrupted with visions of

harmony. But peace will not be our downfall”.

3.3 Source of Data

The primary data in this research is from the Maleficent: Mistress of Evil movie,

screenplay by Linda Woolverton and directed on the film by Joachim Ronning with the

title Maleficent: Mistress of Evil, which has duration of 01.58.50, release on October

18,2019. This movie has a dark fantasy adventure genre.

The secondary data, the researcher used theory by J.X. Kennedy and Dana Gioia

in Literature: An Introduction to Fiction, Poetry, and Drama. This book told about some

literary work especially about intrinsic elements. And Lois Tyson: Critical Theory Today

for structuralism analysis. The researcher used another theory about literature and

intrinsic element who will be involved in making this research.

3.4 Technique of Collecting Data

After finding the object of research from the movie script, the data collected as

the document. Moleong (2007: 282) argues that “In collecting data with following steps:

Reading the text smartly, making code, arranging based on the typology, and reading

some books related to the research questions”. The technique of collecting data in this

research is mention as follows:

1. Watching Maleficent: Mistress of Evil movie and reading the book related to

research question.

2. Identifying the data based the movie and categorizing into characters and

characterization.

3. Scanning and reading source of data who related to the research.

4. Arranging the data to be analyzed.

3.5 Technique of Analyzing Data

Arikunto (1998: 236) suggest that data analysis is processing data obtained by

using formulas or rules that the applicable to research or design approach taken. The

technique of analyzing data of this research is mentioned as follows:

1. Identifying data: the writer took the data from characters and characterization of

Maleficent: Mistress of Evil movie

2. Determine which characters in Maleficent: Mistress of evil movie will be selected

in the analysis.
 3. Categorizing characters and characteristics in Maleficent: Mistress of evil movie.

First, the data retrieved from character and characterization, there are: flat

character and round character, protagonist and antagonist, and main character and

major character

4. Connecting with the characteristic theory to analyze in Maleficent: Mistress of

evil movie script.

5. Concluding all the analysis to be the result of the research.

CHAPTER IV

DISSCUSSION

This chapter discussed the collecting data from Maleficent: Mistress of Evil movie and

another theory who related to answer the research question.

4.1 The Developing Characterization of Main Maleficent in the Maleficent: Mistress of Evil

Movie.
 According to Luxembourg (1991: 141) said that “everything which is doing by the

characters in the story has purpose to give direction to the reader to get the essence of story.”

From that statement, it means that every characters have important role to build and developing

story. Besides that, Sudjiman (1990: 58) said “characterization is a way to create the image of

character, then portray of characterization can be seen by the action of characters, the statement

of characters, the thought of character, the physical of character and what the characters says and

what character thought about him or herself.” It means, character and characterization is

inseparable, they are connected to each other.

Main character in Maleficent: Mistress of Evil movie is Maleficent, like the tittle of the

movie script, as narrator said:

(00.04.38-00.05.35) Once upon a time... or perhaps twice upon a time, for you may

remember this story... there was a powerful Fey named Maleficent.

For some reason, the mistress of evil and protector of the Moors...

was still hated after all this time. True, she had cursed the princess,

Aurora... but that was before she found light in the heart of a human

child... and raised the girl as her own. After all, it was Maleficent's

love which broke that very same curse. But that detail was somehow

mysteriously forgotten. For as the tale was told over and again

throughout the kingdom... Maleficent became the villain once more.

Based on Nurgiyantoro (1995: 1760177) “a main character appears in the most of story,

either as subject or object. In other words, the main character is the most widely told characters.

The volume of occurrence of the main characters is more than the other characters. So the main

character usually plays an important role in event told. In this movie, Maleficent is appears in the
most of story. From the beginning of the story, narrator has explained about Maleficent and

mentioned some of Maleficent's characterization, such as the sentences "mistress of evil and

protector of the Moors" and "villain".

Main character is the protagonist, too. Many people misunderstand that the protagonist

must be kind in order to be liked by the audience. But in this movie, Maleficent is liked by the

audience, but she also a witch who is feared by all humans in the story. In Maleficent: Mistress

of Evil, Maleficent was initially considered an 'evil' due to rumors circulating. Therefore, the

writer decided, apart from being the protagonist, Maleficent also has a dynamic character that

can change according to the required storyline. Kennedy and Gioia, (1147) quoted:

“Aristotle observes that the protagonist, the hero or chief character of a tragedy, is a

person of “high estate,” apparently a king or queen or other member of a royal family. In thus

being as keenly interested as contemporary dramatist in the private lives of the powerful, Greek

dramatists need not be accused of snobbery. It is the nature of tragedy that the protagonist must

fall from power and from happiness; his high estate gives him a place of dignity to fall from and

perhaps makes his fall seem all the more a calamity in that it involves an entire nation or people.

Nor is the protagonist extraordinary merely in his position in society”.

In Maleficent: Mistress of Evil the main character is assisted by many other characters in

developing the storyline of the movie. That means, Maleficent is assisted by many characters in

each of its own character developments which can affect the storyline.
 (00.23.07)

Time Dialog
(00.17.55-00.18.32) Aurora: I'm just asking you to trust me. Please give him a
chance. Let us prove you wrong. Philip is
thoughtful... he's very kind...
Maleficent: Kind of what?
Aurora: The king and queen are celebrating tonight... and
they have invited both of us to the castle.
Maleficent: You want me to meet his parents?
Aurora: It's just a dinner.
Maleficent: They don't want me in Ulstead. Why on earth would I
go?
Aurora: Because his mother wishes to meet mine. Please.

(00.22.30- 00.23.07) Aurora: I have something for you.

Maleficent: Hmm?
Aurora: For your horns. (give a scarf) I just thought it might
make Philip's family feel more comfortable. And you,
as well. (scraft behind) Maybe it's a bad idea.
Maleficent: No, it's... It's all right. (take the scraft)
Aurora: I'm so excited. ( Chuckles )
Maleficent: Mmm... It's more than I can bear.
 The dialog above Maleficent really loves Aurora, her adopted daughter. She couldn't

refuse what aurora wanted. Therefore, the aurora plays an important role in the development of

Maleficent's character.

(00.23.36)
Maleficent guarding Aurora and Diaval with her wings in the middle of the bridge.

After that scene, Maleficent, Aurora, and Diaval come to Ulstead Kingdom for invited

the dinner. But all everything starts to go mess when Queen Ingrith, the antagonist in this movie,

fuels Maleficent and makes Maleficent wrathful. This causes the relationship between Maleficent

and Aurora broke up because Aurora believes that Maleficent has cursed King John. Maleficent

tries to fly go to the kingdom of the Moors but she shot by an iron ball by Gerda. She was injured

and fell into the sea. But she was saved by another fairy who look like her. That is Conall,

another dark fey.

In this story, Maleficent becomes a very influential character in the storyline. In addition

to his strong character, he also just found out about his origins. You could say that this film tells

a lot about Maleficent who is looking for her own identity. He is swayed by several characters,

such as Aurora and Conall. Conall explains that Maleficent is the strongest fairy because of the

last descendant of The Phoenix. Maleficent tries to analyze herself in the den of the fairies while

waiting for her illness to recover. In that scene, Conall again asks for help to fight for peace. but

Maleficent didn't completely agree because he had a lot to consider.

 (00.54.16)

Time Dialog
(00.46.04-00.49.34) Conall: Let me show you who we are. (Whooshing) We're Dark
Fey. Same as you. We're all that remain. Unseen here,
far away from mankind. Look! As more human
kingdoms emerged, we went into hiding... from every
corner of the earth... doing what we had to, to survive.
But many were lost. Only a few generations ago... our
kind roamed every part of the world. The Tundra. The
Forest. The Jungle. The Desert. Now, our only refuge is
here... in this cave. Our nest of origin. Those children
should be soaring over the trees and rivers. Instead,
they are raised in exile.
Maleficent I could protect them
:
Conall: How? By waging war against the humans?
Maleficent I've been at war with them my whole life.
:
Conall: Not all of them. There was one you raised as your own.
Maybe we don't have to hide from the humans. Maybe
we can exist without fear... and war. Find a way
 together.
Maleficent That will never happen.
:

(00.22.30- 00.23.07) Conall: The Phoenix. It is said the Dark Fey began with her...
evolved over centuries. You are the last of her
descendants. Her blood is your own. You are her. In
your hands, you hold the power of life and death...
destruction and rebirth. But nature's greatest power is
the power of true transformation. You transformed
when you raised Aurora. When you found love... in the
middle of your pain. I'm asking you to take all of your
fury... all of your pain... and not use it. Help us broker
peace with the humans. Because peace... could be the
Dark Fey's final transformation. The Moors are our
last true nature on
earth. And yet you named a human as queen. A
daughter you cared for.
Maleficent I have no daughter. She has chosen her side.
:

In the half of movie, Conall was died because of saving Maleficent. That affected

Maleficent and she decided to grant Conall's request who wanted to fight to find peace for the

fairies. Maleficent goes to war and comes face to face with Queen Ingrith, the antagonist.

Maleficent was almost extinct due to Tomb Bloom's arrows and iron filings by Queen Ingrith,

but Aurora's tears brought Maleficent back and even turned into the Phoenix.
 (01.39.09)

So, Maleficent's character development is caused by minor characters who are also

involved in each storyline. Apart from being caused by the situation and condition of the main

character that must change and develop from beginning to end, Maleficent's character is also

assisted by many other characters. Besides that, the search for identity and origin of Maleficent

becomes something interesting in this movie. Maleficent's transformation into The Phoenix

become the climax of the Maleficent’s character and also ended the conflict between humans and

fairies.

4.2 The Functions of Characterization in Developing Story of Maleficent: Mistress of Evil.

In this research, the writer will discuss about several character from the movie and type

of characterization that which can be a function in the development of the story. Pope (2005:133)

suggests that there are two categories of character; (a) major character is an important figure at

the center of the story's action or theme. The major character is sometimes called a protagonist

whose conflict with an antagonist may spark the story's conflict; (b) minor character is a

character that support the major character, the function of it is to illuminate the major character.

Main character has been analyzed in the explanation above, then the writer will explain about
several characters which are minor characters from the Maleficent: Mistress of Evil movie and

what the functions of these characters are.

According to Kennedy and Gioia (1976: 68) say “In most fiction—even the greatest—

minor characters tend to be flat instead of round. Why? Rounding them would cost time and

space; and so enlarged, they might only distract us from the main characters”. From that

statement, it can be concluded that minor characters are flat charater and round characters that

the writer has discussed above. On the flat characters there are Aurora, Diaval, Prince Phillip,

King John and Gerda. While the round characters have Borra and Percival. Beside that there an

antagonist character, name is Queen Ingrith. Antagonist characters are also included in the minor

characters. These characters have important roles in the development of the story.

a. Queen Ingrith

Queen Ingrith is the antagonist in the movie. She is queen from Ulstead Kingdom, the

mother of Prince Phillip and wife of King John. Queen Ingrith's character is a manipulative

character who spreads malicious rumors about the evil witch and a princess she cursed. It is the

story of Maleficent and Aurora in the first movie with titled ‘Maleficent’. At dinner, she

deliberately incited Maleficent to anger and create chaos in King John's kingdom.

Time Dialog
(00.27.53-00.33.38) Prince Phillip: (Clears throat) Such a warm spell of weather,
isn't it?
Aurora It certainly is.
King John: Shoo! Well, we have a small gift for Philip and
Aurora... to celebrate their glorious future
together. Hmm?
Queen Ingrith: Oh, I simply can't wait to have a little one running
through the castle again.
Maleficent: This castle?
Queen Ingrith: Yes, of course. This will be their home
King John: .I hear Aurora has a castle of her own.
Aurora: Yes, sir, I do.
Queen Ingrith: Yes... I'm curious. How did Aurora become Queen
of the Moors?
Maleficent: I made her queen.
Prince Phillip: Her castle is quite stunning. You must see it.
Queen Ingrith: Yes, but in fact, she has another castle. Does she
not?
Prince Phillip: Mother...
Queen Ingrith: One in the Moors, and one left behind by her
father. King Stefan, was it not?
Aurora: That castle was never my home. It was given to
the people.
Queen Ingrith: So, you're also a true princess. Even though
Stefan died. Was killed? Remind me, did he die or
was he killed
Maleficent: Both
King John: Yes, you're right, it is very warm recently
Queen Ingrith: Because I remember the story of a baby. A baby
cursed to sleep... and never wake up.
King John: Really? Who would do such a terrible thing to an
innocent child?
Maleficent: Well, there are many who prey on the innocent.
I'm sure your kind would agree
King John: What do you mean, my kind?
Queen ingrith: She means humans.....
Maleficent: There are fairies missing from the Moors
Prince Phillip: What I'm missing is some wine.
Maleficent: Stolen by human poachers
King John: That's the first I've heard of it
Maleficent: Someone gave the order
Queen Ingrith: It sounds as if you're accusing the king.
Prince Phillip: No, she never said that.
King John: Wait... Sorry, who would steal a fairy?
Percival: Your Majesty, I must report that two peasants
were found dead... just outside the Moors. They'd
been missing for several days
King John: I see.
Maleficent: Yes, we all see
Queen Ingrith: The borders are open, but humans are not
welcome. Isn't that right?
Aurora: What exactly are you implying, Your Majesty?
Queen Ingrith: Innocent men are being slaughtered on the
Moors... and she's talking about fairies.
Maleficent: (Screeching) Contain your animal. Or I will.
Queen Ingrith: If I didn't know better, I'd say you were making a
threat.
Maleficent: Well, do you?
Queen Ingrith: Do I what?
Maleficent: Know better?
King John. Enough.
Aurora: (Whispers) Put her down. Please, put her down.
(Cat yowls)
King John: We're here to celebrate
Queen Ingrith: Forgive me. he's right. Let's not forget why we're
here. The start of a new life for Aurora. Cheers
Aurora and Cheers.
Philip:
Queen Ingrith: You have done an admirable job, Maleficent...
going against your own nature to raise this child.
But now... Aurora will finally get... the love of a
real family. A real mother. Because the one thing
I regret... is never having a daughter of my own.
But tonight changes that. Tonight, I consider
Aurora my own.
Queen Ingrith (All screaming) Guards! We have opened our
home to a witch!
Aurora: Stop!
Maleficent: There is no union. There will be no wedding.
Queen Ingrith: We must protect the king!
King John: Maleficent, please, stop now
Queen Ingrith: John, I'm so frightened.
King John: Ah! What has she done to me?
Prince Phillip: Father!
Queen Ingrith: John.
Maleficent: We go home.
Queen Ingrith: John! It's a curse. It's a curse! Maleficent has
cursed the king!
Aurora: What have you done?
Maleficent: I've done nothing. Aurora, we go home now.
Aurora! Aurora!
 Aurora: Wake him! Wake him, please.

After that scene Queen Ingrith pretending to be sadness by King John's curse and

blaming Maleficent for everything that happened. She also pretending to kiss King John on the

advice of Prince Phillip because they know the maleficent curse can be refuted by a 'true love

kiss'. but what really happened was, Queen Ingrith whispered cruel words to King John.

Time Dialog
(00.35.16-00.36.40) Queen Ingrith: Please, leave His Majesty his dignity. We all saw
what Maleficent did to him.
Aurora: ( Quietly) I'm so sorry
Queen Ingrith: A curse upon our king is a curse upon this kingdom.
All he wanted was peace.
Aurora This is all my fault.
Queen Ingrth: You have nothing to apologize for, my dear.
Maleficent is a threat to everyone. Especially you.
We'll do our best to protect you.
Prince Phillip: There must be a way to reverse this. Mother, could
you try kissing him? True love and all that.
Queen Ingrith: I doubt that would work.
Prince Phillip: It could save him.
Queen Ingrith: A kiss is just a kiss.
Prince Phillip: Please, Mother
Queen Ingrith: Very well. (Whispering) You wanted peace... now
rest in peace forever. I told you. This is no fairy tale.

After that scene, Queen Ingrith orders Gerda to kill Maleficent and begins prepare for

war during Prince Phillip and Aurora's wedding. From the beginning he did not approve of

Prince Phillip and Aurora's marriage because it would bring peace while Queen Ingrith's revenge
against the fairy people had not been carried out. So she planned to stick a needle into King John

who had been cursed so he couldn't wake up. Queen Ingrith doesn't like Maleficent and the

fairies because of their bitter experiences in the past. this caused him to be hostile to all the

fairies.

Time Dialog
(01.13.17-01.15.12) Queen Ingrith As you do, Aurora. A human who has betrayed her kind.
Aurora: You put the curse on the king.
Queen Ingrith: Oh, dear. You may be queen... but you are very young.
Ruling humans is a bit more complicated... than
running around barefoot with flowers in your hair.
When I was young... my family's kingdom bordered the
Moors. And one particularly harsh winter... our crops
died... and the people began to suffer. And as we looked
over our walls... we could see the fairies thriving. My
brother and I believed we should take what we needed...
while my father, the king, sought their kindness.
Choosing peace over our people, he sent my brother to
do his bidding. He never came back. Those savages...
creatures who could barely grunt, let alone engage in
talks, killed him. I don't believe that. Our people
became fearful. They overthrew my father. The land fell
into chaos. I was cast out. Forced by fate into marriage
with King John of Ulstead. Another weak king speaking
of tolerance and civility. And now, my own son...
corrupted with visions of harmony. But peace will not
be our downfall. (Gasps and mutters) Now lock her up.
A war is coming.
Antagonist in this movie plays an important role in disrupting the path taken by the

protagonist or main character. Queen Ingrith becomes the real 'evil' in this story. She is greedy
and wants to rule over all the kingdoms. Indeed, that is the role of the antagonist, to disrupt the

path of the main role so that it does not always run smoothly. It can be analyzed from the

dialogues that she said.

(01.35.17)

Time Dialog
(01.35.00-01.36.10) Queen Ingrith: Do you know what makes a great leader, Aurora?
The ability to instill fear in your subjects... and then
use that fear... against your enemies. (Breathes
deeply) So... I spread the story of the evil witch... and
the princess she cursed. It didn't matter who woke
Sleeping Beauty. They were all terrified. And the
story became legend. (Yelling) I know you think I'm a
monster. But what I did to the king, to Maleficent, to
my son... I did for Ulstead. You are a traitor to your
kind, and you will pay for it. Maleficent is dead! We
will never again live in fear! (Aurora screaming)
Ulstead is free at last!

In the end, as in fairy tales, the antagonist will surely lose. Queen Ingrith was defeated by

Maleficent and was given what she deserved. Queen Ingrith was turned into a goat after being

bullied by the other fairies. Queen Ingrith's role here serves as a troublemaker for Maleficent's
character. This character serves as a trigger to conflict for Maleficent, the main character, and is

one of the characters that brings up the best version of the main character.

b. Aurora

Aurora is Maleficent's adopted child who was raised from her child. Aurora is the queen

of the Moors Kingdom and she’s the one and only human in there. She is the one who carries out

the duties of the Moors Kingdom such as listening to the complaints of his people as well as

being the liaison between the Moors Kingdom and the surrounding kingdoms.

(00.07.18)

Time Dialog
(00.06.51-00.07.26) Aurora Next item of business, the missing fairies. I've sent more
: sprites to search the Tomb Bloom field. They'll report back
to me at nightfall. We will keep searching until we find them.
Lief: (Muttering)
Aurora Please don't raise your roots at me, Lief. Crushing humans
: with branches is not going to help.
Diaval: (Cawing)
Aurora Diaval, you're supposed to be on my side.
:
Lief: (Grunts)
Aurora (Aurora sighs) Well, I'm Queen of the Moors, and I am a
: human. (Mutters) We must all learn a little kindness.
 From the dialog above, Aurora is firm and kind. She wanted to spread kindness even

though she was in order. Aurora wants unite the two kingdoms, the Moors Kingdom and the

Ulstead Kingdom, the kingdom next to the Moors that also the kingdom owned by Prince Phillip,

her fiancé. She has a desire to reconcile the two kingdoms.

(00.09.48)

Time Dialog
(00.09.37-00.10.04) Aurora: I wanted to ask you something. Do you think there
could be a union between Ulstead and the Moors?
Prince Phillip: A union?
Aurora: To connect both lands. To bring harmony and peace.
I've been imagining a bridge.
Prince Phillip: Oh. A bridge? Yes, a bridge. A union's a wonderful
idea... if both sides are willing.
Aurora: ( Sighs ) Well, I'm working on that part.

In the middle of the story of this movie, Aurora and Maleficent broke up and Aurora

lived in the kingdom of Ulstead to prepare for her wedding with Prince Phillip. but then he

sensed something odd and found out about what was going on in the kingdom. Aurora is also the

one who reveals the truth about the curse experienced by King John to Prince Phillip.
 In the end of story, Aurora and Prince Phillip finally married and were able to unite the

two kingdoms because the antagonist (Queen Ingrith) had lost her battle against Maleficent.

Aurora has a flat character because from the beginning to the end of story she sticks to her

direction who wants to unite the two kingdoms and spread peace. Her character does not change

and only has three characters, that is kindness, emphatic and brave. Aurora is one who plays an

important role in the development of the story in this movie because she becomes a very

important person for Maleficent and that’s makes many effects on Maleficent’s character. She is

the only person who can melt Maleficent. Therefore, the function of Aurora’s character is very

important here for the development of the story in this movie

Time Dialog
(01.41.31-01.42.20) Prince Phillip: It ends. There will be no more fighting. Ulstead will
never attack the Moors again. And from this day on...
we move forward... and find our way... in peace.
Together.
Aurora: Today, there will be a wedding. Not just a union of
two people... but a union of two kingdoms. And all
are invited... all are safe... and all are welcome.
(All Murmuring)

c. Diaval

Diaval is Maleficent servant. He was the form of a black crow. Diaval is extremely loyal

to Maleficent. He officiates for finding information for Maleficent and guarding Aurora. He

became Maleficent's right hand since the first sequel of the Maleficent movie. Sometimes he

becomes an adviser and arbiter for decisions made by Maleficent.

 (00.12.13)

Time Dialog
(00.12.10-00.12.56) Diaval: Mistress, I have a little bit of news.
Maleficent Well, on with it.
:
Diaval: It's nothing of any real consequence... and it's
certainly no reason to overreact. It's just that...
Prince Philip has, um...
Maleficent Disappeared?
:
Diaval: No. No. Phillip has …
Maleficent Yellow fever? No, wait! Leprosy!
:
Diaval: No, Mistress. Prince Philip has asked Aurora if she'll
become his...
Maleficent Don't... ruin my morning.
:
Diaval: Mistress, please. Stay calm!

(00.21.17-00.22.05) Maleficent Hello…Hello…Hello….

:
Diaval: Try it with a little less fang.
Maleficent How’s this?
:
Diaval: Try the greeting.
 Maleficent How kind of you to invited me this evening.
:
Diaval: Remember, it’s not a threat.
Maleficent So very kind of you to invite me this evening
:
Diaval: Yeah. Better. Oh. Try it with a curtsy. (Maleficent
glared). We can skip that part. (sighs) she really love
that boy, you know. You’re doing her a great
kindness.

Diaval become a flat character because his character is simple. He was very loyal to

Maleficent. He also does not hesitate to become any animal in order to protect Aurora and the

fairies of the Moors. Diaval has important role in several decisions made by Maleficent. He has

function for developing the story.

d. Prince Phillip

Prince Phillip is Aurora’s fiancé. His character is brave, kindness, and does not hesitate to

defend goodness even though it is against her mother (Queen Ingrith). He did not want conflict

and instead told his mother to stop fighting against the fairies. From the beginning he wasn't

against Maleficent. So, Prince Phillip has a flat character.

Time Dialog
(01.26.24-01.27.14) Prince Phillips: Mother! You have to stop this.
Queen Ingrith We are at the war.
Prince Phillip: This isn’t war. It’s a massacre.
Queen Ingrith: Philip, you don't understand. These creatures stand
between us... and everything we need to survive
Prince Phillip: You're wrong. We can stand together
 Quenn Ingrith: Well, you're a fool to believe that. You don't know
what it takes to fight for our kind.
Prince Phillip: You lied to me.
Queen Ingrith: I am protecting the kingdom... and your throne
Prince Phillip: What about Father? Were you protecting him, too?

Queen Ingrith: The prince is not feeling well. See him to his
chambers. Now.

After dialog above, Prince Phillip try to confess Percival and made him realize that this

was not the war that King Stefan, his father wanted. Prince Phillip really respects and loves his

father because they both have the same desire, which is to unite the Ulstead kingdom and the

Moors kingdom.

(01.32.06)

Time Dialog
(01.31.55-01.32.30) Prince Phillips: Stand down! (the sword on Bora’s neck) This is not
my fight. My mother wanted a war, and you're giving
it to her. I won't allow her hatred to ruin my kingdom
or yours. (Breathes deeply) There will be no Fey
blood on my hands. (sword dropped to the ground)
 Prince Phillip plays an important role in changing Percival’s character, which will be

explained later in the round character. That's why the writer included the Prince Phillip in this

research, because the function of characterization in the development of the story can be spelled

out like this. When one of the character changes because of another character, it can also change

the storyline in the movie.

e. King John

King John is a King from Ulstead Kingdom and also Prince Phillip’s father. He has flat

character. King John has the same desire as Prince Phillip and Aurora which is to unite the two

kingdoms and also loves peace. From the beginning of the story he has been very supportive of

Prince Phillip and Aurora's marriage because he dreamed of a union and was very proud of

Prince Phillip for granting the wish. King John has a kind character. He hates war and upholds

peace. At the end of the story even though he saw his wife, Queen Ingrith, turned into a goat by

Maleficent, he did not moan and knew what his wife did was wrong. So he was proud of Prince

Phillip who had united the two kingdoms, Ulstead and Moors.

(00.19.14)

Time Dialog
(00.14.47-00.15.00) Prince Phillip: Father. Mother.
King John: Well? What did she say?
 Prince Phillip: She said yes!
King John: (laughs) that is wonderful news. Oh! Two kingdoms
united at last.
Prince Phillip: Yes.

(00.18.39-00.19.25) King John: Philip. I want you to wear this tonight.

Prince Phillip: Your sword?
King John: Because of you, Ulstead and the Moors will be
united at last.
Prince Phillip: Father, my love for Aurora has nothing to do with
politics.
King John: Yes, but your love... will ensure peace for
generations. Now take it. And wear it... to know that
you will never have to use it. Oh, my son. I've never
been more proud.
Prince Phillip: And what about Mother? Is she okay with this?
King John: Your mother will learn to love who you love.

(01.45.18-01.45.56) (Goat bleating) (all laughter)

Prince Phillip: (whispers) Is that…?
Diaval: She can change her back. I suppose.
King John: Only if we wanted to.
Prince Phillip: Father! (they huge)
King John: (All cheering and applauding) I'm so glad to see you.
I've dreamed of this moment. Two kingdoms united at
last. And it's because of you. I'm so proud of you. So
proud. ( All cheering )

f. Gerda
 Gerda is Queen Ingrith's servant who was very loyal to her. She is in charge of gathering

information and delivering news in this movie. She became Queen Ingrith's right hand who tried

to kill Maleficent by shooting an iron ball at Maleficent. She also ordered to play a piano that has

been set to emit an extraction of iron powder and tomb bloom flower powder (a flower that only

grows from the tomb of fairies) that can destroy the fairies.

(00.34.09)

Time Dialog
(00.39.52-00.40.26) Queen Ingrith: Tell me she's dead.
Gerda: The iron pierced her flesh. She fell into the river and
went over the falls.
Queen Ingrith: Then where is her head?
Gerda: There was something else. Another creature. It
pulled her from the depths of the sea.
Queen Ingrith: What did it look like?
Gerda: Her. It carried her up into the sky.
Queen Ingrith Hmm. A wounded animal lashes out and now she's
not alone. We must be ready for war.
 (01.17.24) (01.18.10) (01.28.03)

This scene when Gerda play the piano. When she pressing the floral-patterned piano

keys, the iron powder that has been extracted with tomb bloom will come out of the holes on the

piano. This can make the fairies return to their natural habitat, like Lief who returned to being a

tree and Flittle who deliberately sacrificed herself into the hole so that she would turn back into a

flower and close all the holes for the tomb bloom powder to come out. Gerda died because she

fell from a height. Gerda belongs to flat character because she is loyal to Queen Ingrith, just as

Diaval to Maleficent. Her character influences the storyline in the movie because she almost

killed Maleficent and destroyed several fairy lives.

g. Borra

Borra is a dark fey warrior. He became one of the fairies who provoked other fairies to

war with humans. Actually, Borra was acting like that because he wanted to protect the fairies

from extinction which he thought humans would do.

(00.43.32)
 Time Dialog
(00.42.23-00.44.21) Borra: If Conall hadn't found her, she would be dead. They
tried to kill her with this. (Iron hissing) Do you hear
it? Do you hear it? Huh? It's a message from the
humans. I hear it loud and clear. Time for us to die.
Conall: Humans have used iron against us for centuries.
Borra: And we are almost extinct because of it.
Conall: Killing peasants on the Moors will only lead to more
conflict, Borra.
Borra: They've pulled the iron from the earth... made their
swords and shields, drove us underground. But this...
This will finish us.
Conall: Our people are safe here for now.
Borra: But for how long? The humans will find us. They will
not stop. I call for war. (All grunting in agreement) I
call for war! Right now! ( All grunt in agreement )
Conall: There are too many humans. ( Clatters ) Too many
kingdoms.
Borra: Conall, they will keep finding new ways to destroy
us.
Conall: Borra: We can't win. We can't win! Not this way.
Borra: No. You're wrong, Conall. We have something they
didn't plan on. We have her. (Look at Maleficent)
She holds powers none of us possess

(00.56.00-00.56.26) Borra: We've just heard. There's going to be a wedding at

the castle in three days. Humans will come from all
over. That's when we attack. We'll kill the king and
queen of Ulstead... and their young prince. Their
kingdom will fall. And the Fey will rise again.

(01.15.39-01.16.05) Borra: Conall wanted peace... and they filled him with iron.
 Now, we will have our war. Our fight begins now!
(All grunt in agreement )
Dark Fey: We will rise together! ( All grunt in agreement )
Dark Fey: We fight together.
Borra: And we will show them no mercy! ( All grunting)
In the dialogues above, Borra wants a war between Dark Fey and humans and was

realized because Conall, one of the dark feys, died as a result of saving Maleficent from an iron

ball attack. This is what make Maleficent trigger to war with human, especially Queen Ingrith.

But after the war was over, Borra and the other dark fey warriors decided to return to home and

accept humans.

(01.46.54)

Borra has a round character who at first of the story he really doesn't like humans because

he thinks humans want to exterminate fairies. He was the one who provoked the dark fey

warriors to fight against the humans. But at the end of the story, because the fairies and humans

make a peace and the was over, Borra decides to side with humans during Prince Phillip and

Aurora's wedding. He also feeling proud of Maleficent who is willing to go to war with him.

h. Percival
 Percival is general in the Ulstead Kingdom. He is Prince Phillip’s friend and is in charge

of guarding the kingdom. At the beginning of the movie, he really doesn't like Maleficent and the

fairies because rumors are circulating that the fairies are dangerous and must be exterminated.

Rumors are revolved that Maleficent is a human killer because he has found several humans died

in the Moors Kingdom who were killed by fairies. Actually, this is not wrong because the human

died because killed by Borra, not Maleficent. It made the rumors of fairies being assassins even

stronger and made some humans scare the fairies. Percival is one of them.

(00.13.28)

Time Dialog
(00.13.05-00.13.52) Percival: So, tell me, sire... am I to be a best man, or did you
choose a creature from the Moors?
Prince Phillip: General, if that's your way of asking me if she said
yes, then I,
Percival: uh... I know she said yes, sire. What human wouldn't
want to leave that place?
Prince Phillip: What do you have against Moor folk, Percival?
Percival: "Moor folk"? Is that what we're calling them now?
Winged beasts, murderous trees.
Prince Phillip: Guard your tongue, General. You know nothing
about them.
Percival: I know that Maleficent is a killer of men... destroyer
 of armies. Or so the story goes.
Prince Phillip: She's not like that.
Percival: It's my job to protect this kingdom. And I will do so,
old friend... without hesitation. (Walk on) Open the
gates!

(01.27.49)

In this scene, Prince Phillip try to trying to convince Percival that his mother,

Queen Ingrith, had cursed King John and started a war between humans and fairies.

Time Dialog
(01.27.47-01.27.54) Prince Phillip: My mother cursed the king so she could destroy the
Moor folk. Your men are paying heavily for it.

After that scene, Percival is still trying to kill Borra with an iron ball. Percival almost got

killed by it. But Prince Phillip saves him and disenchant Percival that this war between humans

and fairies is not what he wants.

 (01.46.58)

At the end of the movie, Percival is seen bowing his head to Maleficent as a form of

respect for Maleficent. So, Percival has a round character because at the beginning of the story in

this movie he hates Maleficent and the fairies. But after knowing the truth of his story, he

changed his perspective and started to accept Maleficent and respect him as well. In realizing

Percival's role, Prince Phillip's role is needed to develop the characters and stories in this movie.

Although not all movies have a happy ending, in fairy tales like this there must be a

happy ending, where evil is defeated by kindness and sincerity. This is because fairy tales always

end like that. Moreover, the story of Maleficent: Mistress of Evil movie is re-arrangement from

the fairy tale that is Sleeping Beauty, a children's fairy tale, with a different perspective.
 CHAPTER V

CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION

This chapter provides the conclusion from presented analysis in the previous chapter. It

ends with suggestion for further research.

5.1 Conclusion

After discussion and analysis in previous chapter, the result of the analysis

characterization in Maleficent: Mistress of Evil movie, the writer analyzes the characterization in

that movie uses Kennedy and Gioia: Literature: An Introduction to Fiction, Poetry and Drama to

support drama and movie theory and Lois Tyson: Critical Theory Today for supporting

structuralism theory. The writer also includes a lot of theories besides the theory mentioned

above to help the writer in analyzing this research.

The writer analyze character such as Maleficent for main character and protagonist in the

movie. Although Maleficent in this film does not become the protagonist in the sense of good

character as in general, but Maleficent can still be liked by the audience because of his amazing
role that can manage the plot and development of the story well. The writer also found that

maleficent chose a round character because his role could change according to the needs of the

story. Then there is Queen Ingrith who play as antagonist in this movie. She becomes villain who

spreading rumors that Maleficent and the fairies are creatures that must be exterminated. The

role of the antagonist is intended to prevent the protagonist from achieving his goals.

The writer also adds some characters such as Aurora, Diaval, Prince Phillip, King John,

and Gerda for flat character. They play an important role in the development of the story because

their function is significance to develop other characters that have an effect on the story in the

movie. Aurora has a lot of involvement in Maleficent's character. There are Borra and Percival

who have round character because they character change in the end of the movie. Their character

changes are caused by other characters who can also develop the story.

5.2 Suggestion

In the term on this research only analyze characterization in Maleficent: Mistress of Evil

movie. To analyze the characterization in this movie, the writer uses theory of Kennedy and

Gioia. Therefore, that would be better if can be source of data for further analysis. Besides that,

characterization can be analyzed by another theory such as Burhan Nurgiyantoro or Abrams.

The writer hopes the result in this research will help the student who interest in literature

work, especially in characterization. Furthermore, the writer also hope this research can be uses

as the sources information of movie, especially fairy tale.

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