A.

Y-2023-2024
FYBCA-SEM2-204 – Programming Skills
Unit-1- C Programming Practical sheet
Multidimensional Numeric & String Array
1. Write C program to calculate Addition of two Matrices.
/*Addition of two matrix in C */
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
int main()
{
int a[3][3],b[3][3],sum[3][3],i,j;
clrscr();
printf("Enter Matrix A Elements: ");
for(i=0;i<3;i++)// rows
{
for(j=0;j<3;j++) //cols
{
printf("\n Enter Array element A[%d][%d] :",i,j);
scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);
}
}
printf("Enter Matrix B Elements: ");
for(i=0;i<3;i++) // rows
{
for(j=0;j<3;j++) //cols
{
printf("\n Enter Array element B[%d][%d] :",i,j);
scanf("%d",&b[i][j]);
}
}
printf("\n Matrix A : \n");
printf("~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\n");
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
{
printf(" %d ",a[i][j]);
}
printf("\n");
}
printf("\n Matrix B : \n");
printf("~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\n");
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
{
printf(" %d ",b[i][j]);
}
printf("\n");
}
printf("\n Sum of two matrices : \n");
printf("~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\n");
for(i=0;i<3;i++)

PROF. BHUMIKA PATEL Smart work + Patience + Believe = Success Page 1

 A.Y-2023-2024
FYBCA-SEM2-204 – Programming Skills
{
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
{
sum[i][j]=a[i][j]+b[i][j];
printf("%d\t",sum[i][j]);
}
printf("\n");
}
getch(); return 0;
}

2. Write C program to calculate Subtraction of two Matrices.

/* Subtraction of two matrix in C */
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
int main()
{
int a[3][3],b[3][3],sub[3][3],i,j;
clrscr();
printf("Enter Matrix A Elements: ");
for(i=0;i<3;i++)// rows
{
for(j=0;j<3;j++) //cols
{
printf("\n Enter Array element A[%d][%d] :",i,j);
scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);
}
}
printf("Enter Matrix B Elements: ");
for(i=0;i<3;i++) // rows
{
for(j=0;j<3;j++) //cols
{
printf("\n Enter Array element B[%d][%d] :",i,j);
scanf("%d",&b[i][j]);
}
}
printf("\n Matrix A : \n");
printf("~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\n");
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
{
printf(" %d ",a[i][j]);
}
printf("\n");
}
printf("\n Matrix B : \n");
printf("~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\n");
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
{
printf(" %d ",b[i][j]);
}
printf("\n");

PROF. BHUMIKA PATEL Smart work + Patience + Believe = Success Page 2

 A.Y-2023-2024
FYBCA-SEM2-204 – Programming Skills
}
printf("\n Subtraction of two matrices : \n");
printf("~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\n");
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
{
sub[i][j]=a[i][j]-b[i][j];
printf("%d\t",sub[i][j]);
}
printf("\n");
}
getch(); return 0;
}

3. Write C program to calculate Multiplication of two Matrices.

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
int main()
{
int a[3][3],b[3][3],mul[3][3],i,j,k;
clrscr();
printf("Enter Matrix A Elements: ");
for(i=0;i<3;i++)// rows
{
for(j=0;j<3;j++) //cols
{
printf("\n Enter Array element A[%d][%d] :",i,j);
scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);
}
}
printf("Enter Matrix B Elements: ");
for(i=0;i<3;i++) // rows
{
for(j=0;j<3;j++) //cols
{
printf("\n Enter Array element B[%d][%d] :",i,j);
scanf("%d",&b[i][j]);
}
}
printf("\n Matrix A : \n");
printf("~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\n");
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
{
printf(" %d ",a[i][j]);
}
printf("\n");
}
printf("\n Matrix B : \n");
printf("~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\n");
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
{
printf(" %d ",b[i][j]);
}

PROF. BHUMIKA PATEL Smart work + Patience + Believe = Success Page 3

 A.Y-2023-2024
FYBCA-SEM2-204 – Programming Skills
printf("\n");
}
for (i = 0; i < 3;i++)
{
for (j = 0; j < 3; j++)
{
mul[i][j] = 0;
for (k = 0; k < 3; k++)
{
mul[i][j] = mul[i][j] + (a[i][k] * b[k][j] );
}
}
}
printf("\nMultiplication of Matrices : \n");
for(i=0;i < 3;i++)
{
for(j=0;j < 3;j++)
{
printf("%d\t", mul[i][j]);
}
printf("\n");
}
getch();return 0;
}

4. Write C program to Transpose of Single Matrix.

/* C program to find transpose of 3 X 3 matrix */
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
int main()
{
int a[3][3],i,j;
clrscr();
printf("Enter Matrix A Elements: ");
for(i=0;i<3;i++)// rows
{
for(j=0;j<3;j++) //cols
{
printf("\n Enter Array element A[%d][%d] :",i,j);
scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);
}
}
printf("\n Matrix A : \n");
printf("~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\n");
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
{
printf("%d\t",a[i][j]);
}
printf("\n");
}
printf("\n Transpose of matrix A : \n");
printf("~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\n");
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<3;j++)

PROF. BHUMIKA PATEL Smart work + Patience + Believe = Success Page 4

 A.Y-2023-2024
FYBCA-SEM2-204 – Programming Skills
{
printf("%d\t",a[j][i]);
}
printf("\n");
}
getch(); return 0;
}

5. Write C program to count total duplicate elements in an array.

#include <stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>

int main()
{
int arr[10];
int n, mm = 1, ctr = 0;
int i, j;

printf("Input the number of elements to be stored in the array :");

scanf("%d", &n);

printf("Input %d elements in the array :\n", n);

for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
{
printf("element - %d : ", i);
scanf("%d", &arr[i]);
}
// Check for duplicate elements in the array using nested loops
for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
{
for (j = i + 1; j < n; j++)
{
if (arr[i] == arr[j])
{
ctr++;
break; // Exit the inner loop as soon as a duplicate is found
}
}
}

printf("Total number of duplicate elements found in the array: %d\n", ctr);

return 0;
}

6. Write C program to find sum of each row and column of a matrix.

#include <stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>

#define SIZE 3

int main()
{
int A[SIZE][SIZE];
int row, col, sum = 0;

/* Input elements in matrix from user */

printf("Enter elements in matrix of size %dx%d: \n", SIZE, SIZE);

PROF. BHUMIKA PATEL Smart work + Patience + Believe = Success Page 5

 A.Y-2023-2024
FYBCA-SEM2-204 – Programming Skills
for(row=0; row<SIZE; row++)
{
for(col=0; col<SIZE; col++)
{
scanf("%d", &A[row][col]);
}
}

/* Calculate sum of elements of each row of matrix */

for(row=0; row<SIZE; row++)
{
sum = 0;
for(col=0; col<SIZE; col++)
{
sum += A[row][col];
}

printf("Sum of elements of Row %d = %d\n", row+1, sum);

}

/* Find sum of elements of each columns of matrix */

for(row=0; row<SIZE; row++)
{
sum = 0;
for(col=0; col<SIZE; col++)
{
sum += A[col][row];
}
printf("Sum of elements of Column %d = %d\n", row+1, sum);
}
getch(); return 0;
}

To get 10 String from User and Display it.

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>

void main()
{
char text[10][80];
int i,n;
clrscr();

printf(" Enter N Strings(out of 10): ");

scanf("%d",&n);

flushall();
for(i = 0; i < n ; i++)
{
printf("\n Enter Some string for index %d: ", i + 1);
gets(text[i]);
}

for(i = 0; i < n; i++)

{

PROF. BHUMIKA PATEL Smart work + Patience + Believe = Success Page 6

 A.Y-2023-2024
FYBCA-SEM2-204 – Programming Skills
printf("\n Some string for index %d: ", i + 1);
puts(text[i]);
}

getch();
}

Write a program to sort elements in lexicographical order in C language (dictionary order).

#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<conio.h>
int main()
{
char str[10][50],temp[50];
int i,j,n;
clrscr();

printf("Enter N string(out of 10) :");

scanf("%d",&n);

printf("Enter Words:\n");
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
printf("\n Enter String %d : ",i+1);
scanf("%s[^\n]",str[i]);
}
for(i=0;i < n-1;i++)
{
for(j=i+1;j < n;j++)
{
if(strcmp(str[i],str[j]) > 0)
{
strcpy(temp,str[i]);
strcpy(str[i],str[j]);
strcpy(str[j],temp);
}
}
}
printf("\nIn Lexicographical order: \n");
for(i=0;i < n;i++)
puts(str[i]);

getch();
return 0;
}

PROF. BHUMIKA PATEL Smart work + Patience + Believe = Success Page 7

 A.Y-2023-2024
FYBCA-SEM2-204 – Programming Skills
User defined Function
1. Write C Program to find area of rectangle using User defined Function.
#include <stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>

int area(int length, int width)

{
return length * width;
}
int main()
{
int length, width, calarea;
printf("Enter the length of the rectangle: ");
scanf("%d", &length);
printf("Enter the width of the rectangle: ");
scanf("%d", &width);
calarea = area(length, width);
printf("The area of the rectangle is: %d\n", calarea);
getch(); return 0;
}

2. Write C Program to find perimeter of rectangle using User defined Function.

#include <stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
int perimeter(int length, int width)
{
return 2 * (length + width);
}
int main()
{
int length, width, perimeter;

printf("Enter the length of the rectangle: ");

scanf("%d", &length);

printf("Enter the width of the rectangle: ");

scanf("%d", &width);

perimeter = perimeter(length, width);

printf("The perimeter of the rectangle is: %d\n", perimeter);

getch(); return 0;
}

3. Write C Program to find diameter, circumference and area of circle using User defined
Function.
#include <stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include <math.h>

PROF. BHUMIKA PATEL Smart work + Patience + Believe = Success Page 8

 A.Y-2023-2024
FYBCA-SEM2-204 – Programming Skills

// User-defined function to calculate the diameter of a circle

float calculateDiameter(float radius) {
return 2 * radius;
}

// User-defined function to calculate the circumference of a circle

float calculateCircumference(float radius) {
return 2 * M_PI * radius;
}

// User-defined function to calculate the area of a circle

float calculateArea(float radius) {
return M_PI * radius * radius;
}

int main() {
// Declare variables
float radius, diameter, circumference, area;

// Get the radius of the circle from the user

printf("Enter the radius of the circle: ");
scanf("%f", &radius);

// Calculate the diameter, circumference, and area of the circle

diameter = calculateDiameter(radius);
circumference = calculateCircumference(radius);
area = calculateArea(radius);

// Print the results

printf("The diameter of the circle is: %.2f\n", diameter);
printf("The circumference of the circle is: %.2f\n", circumference);
printf("The area of the circle is: %.2f\n", area);

return 0;
}

4. Write C program to convert centimeter to meter and kilometer using User defined
Function.
#include <stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>

float cm_to_meter(float cm) {

return cm / 100.0;
}

float cm_to_kilometer(float cm) {

return cm / 100000.0;
}

int main() {

PROF. BHUMIKA PATEL Smart work + Patience + Believe = Success Page 9

 A.Y-2023-2024
FYBCA-SEM2-204 – Programming Skills
float cm, meter, km;

printf("Enter length in centimeter: ");

scanf("%f", &cm);

meter = cm_to_meter(cm);
km = cm_to_kilometer(cm);

printf("Length in meter = %.2f m\n", meter);

printf("Length in kilometer = %.2f km\n", km);

return 0;
}

5. Write C program to convert temperature from degree Celsius to Fahrenheit using UDF.
#include <stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>

float celsiusToFahrenheit(float celsius)

{
return (celsius * 9 / 5) + 32;
}

int main()
{
float celsius, fahrenheit;
printf("Enter the temperature in Celsius: ");
scanf("%f", &celsius);
fahrenheit = celsiusToFahrenheit(celsius);
printf("The temperature in Fahrenheit is: %f\n", fahrenheit);
return 0;
}

6. Write C Program to find Sum of Series 1²+2²+3²+…..+n² Using Recursion in C.

/* C Program to Calculate Sum of series 1²+2²+3²+....+n² */
#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
int Number, Sum = 0;

printf("\n Please Enter any positive integer \n");

scanf(" %d",&Number);

Sum = (Number * (Number + 1) * (2 * Number + 1 )) / 6;

printf("\n The Sum of Series for %d = %d ",Number, Sum);

}
Explanation
In the next line, We are calculating the Sum of the series 1²+2²+3²+4²+5² using above formula

PROF. BHUMIKA PATEL Smart work + Patience + Believe = Success Page 10

 A.Y-2023-2024
FYBCA-SEM2-204 – Programming Skills
Sum = (Number * (Number + 1) * (2 * Number + 1 )) / 6;
Sum = (5 * (5 + 1) * (2 * 5 +1)) / 6
Sum = (5 * 6 * 11) / 6
Sum = 330 /6
Sum = 55

The C Program to Find Sum of series 1²+2²+3²+….+n² final output for 5 = 55

7. Write C Program to find maximum and minimum element in array using UDF.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>

int findmaxmin(int a[],int n)

{
int min,max,i;
min=max=a[0];
for(i=1; i<n; i++)
{
if(min>a[i])
min=a[i];
if(max<a[i])
max=a[i];
}

printf("\n minimum of array is : %d",min);

printf("\n maximum of array is : %d",max);
}
int main()
{
int a[100],i,n,sum;
clrscr();

printf("Enter size of the array : ");

scanf("%d", &n);

printf("Enter elements in array : ");

for(i=0; i<n; i++)
{
scanf("%d",&a[i]);
}
findmaxmin(a,n);

getch();
return 0;
}

Structure programme

1. Write a C program that creates structure of an array of structures that stores information
of 5 students and prints it.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<conio.h>
struct student
{
int rollno;

PROF. BHUMIKA PATEL Smart work + Patience + Believe = Success Page 11

 A.Y-2023-2024
FYBCA-SEM2-204 – Programming Skills
char name[10];
};
int main()
{
int i;
struct student st[5];
clrscr();
printf("Enter Records of 5 students");
for(i=0;i<5;i++)
{
printf("\nEnter Rollno:");
scanf("%d",&st[i].rollno);
printf("\nEnter Name:");
scanf("%s",&st[i].name);
}
printf("\nStudent Information List:");
for(i=0;i<5;i++)
{
printf("\nRollno:%d, Name:%s",st[i].rollno,st[i].name);
}
getch(); return 0;
}
Output:
Enter Rollno:1
Enter Name:Rohan
Enter Rollno:2
Enter Name:mehul
Enter Rollno:3
Enter Name:mihir
Enter Rollno:4
Enter Name:pooja
Enter Rollno:5
Enter Name:mahesh

Student Information List:

Rollno:1, Name:Rohan
Rollno:2, Name:mehul
Rollno:3, Name:mihir
Rollno:4, Name:pooja
Rollno:5, Name:mahesh

2. Write a C structure StudentData with fields: studid,studname,total marks(up to 500).

Read the value of N number StudentData and Display them, if the value of total marks of any
student is more than 350 then display it’s all data.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>

struct StudentData
{
int studid;
char studname[50];
int total_marks;
};

int main()
{
int n, i;

PROF. BHUMIKA PATEL Smart work + Patience + Believe = Success Page 12

 A.Y-2023-2024
FYBCA-SEM2-204 – Programming Skills
struct StudentData student[3];
clrscr();

for(i=0; i<3; i++)

{
printf("Enter details for student %d:\n", i+1);
printf("Student ID: ");
scanf("%d", &student[i].studid);
printf("Student Name: ");
scanf(" %[^\n]s", student[i].studname);
printf("Total Marks (out of 500): ");
scanf("%d", &student[i].total_marks);
}
printf("\nStudent details with total marks greater than 350:\n");
for(i=0; i<3; i++)
{
if(student[i].total_marks > 350)
{
printf("Student ID: %d\n", student[i].studid);
printf("Student Name: %s\n", student[i].studname);
printf("Total Marks: %d\n", student[i].total_marks);
}
}
getch();
return 0;
}

3. Write a C program that creates structure Employee with id, name and salary. Enter data
of five employees. Display data of those employees whose salary is more than 5000.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<conio.h>
struct employee
{
int eid;
char empname[10];
int salary;
};
int main()
{
int i,n,high;
struct employee emp[10];
clrscr();
printf("Enter Total number of Records:");
scanf("%d",&n);
printf("Enter Records of %d students",n);
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
printf("\nEnter Employee Name:");
scanf("%[^\n]s",&emp[i].empname);
printf("\nEnter Employee ID:");
scanf("%d",&emp[i].eid);
printf("\nEnter Employee Salary:");
scanf("%d",&emp[i].salary);

PROF. BHUMIKA PATEL Smart work + Patience + Believe = Success Page 13

 A.Y-2023-2024
FYBCA-SEM2-204 – Programming Skills
}
printf("Display Records of %d students",n);
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
printf("\nEnter Employee Name: %s",emp[i].empname);
printf("\nEnter Employee ID: %d",emp[i].eid);
printf("\nEnter Employee Salary: %d",emp[i].salary);
printf("\n-----------------------------------------\n");
}
high=emp[0].salary;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
if(emp[i].salary >= high)
high=emp[i].salary;
}
printf("\n Highest Salary Employee Details :");
printf("\n EmpName \t EmpID \t EmpSalary");
printf("\n------------------------------------------\n");
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
if(emp[i].salary == high)
printf("\n %s\t\t%d \t %d \n",emp[i].empname,emp[i].eid,emp[i].salary);
}
printf("\n Salary More than 5000");
printf("\n EmpName \t EmpID \t EmpSalary");
printf("\n------------------------------------------\n");
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
if(emp[i].salary >= 5000)
printf("\n %s\t\t%d \t %d \n",emp[i].empname,emp[i].eid,emp[i].salary);
}
getch();
return 0;
}

4. Create a C structure, volume with fields: liter and millilitre. Read the value of two volumes
and add them, if the value of millilitre is more than 1000 then add it to liter value. (APRIL-
2022)
#include <stdio.h>
struct volume
{
int liter;
int milliliter;
};
int main()
{
struct volume v1, v2, result;
int total_ml;

printf("Enter the value of first volume in liter and milliliter separated by a space: ");
scanf("%d %d", &v1.liter, &v1.milliliter);

PROF. BHUMIKA PATEL Smart work + Patience + Believe = Success Page 14

 A.Y-2023-2024
FYBCA-SEM2-204 – Programming Skills

printf("Enter the value of second volume in liter and milliliter separated by a space: ");
scanf("%d %d", &v2.liter, &v2.milliliter);

total_ml = v1.milliliter + v2.milliliter;

result.liter = v1.liter + v2.liter + (total_ml / 1000);

result.milliliter = total_ml % 1000;

printf("The total volume is %d liter and %d milliliter\n", result.liter, result.milliliter);

return 0;
}

5. Write C program to check the given string is palindrome or not using UDF.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<string.h>

void chkpalin()
{
char s1[100],s2[100];
clrscr();

printf("Enter the string: ");

gets(s1);
strcpy(s2,s1);
strrev(s2);

if(!strcmp(s1,s2))
printf("string is palindrome");
else
printf("string is not palindrome");
}

int main()
{

chkpalin();
getch();
return 0;
}

Unit-2-3(Python Programming)
Do the following Practice programmes in Python Programming.
1. Write a Python program to display an average of 3 inputted numbers.
# Get the input from the user.
num1 = float(input("Enter the first number: "))
num2 = float(input("Enter the second number: "))
num3 = float(input("Enter the third number: "))
average = (num1 + num2 + num3) / 3
print("The average of the three numbers is:", average)

PROF. BHUMIKA PATEL Smart work + Patience + Believe = Success Page 15

 A.Y-2023-2024
FYBCA-SEM2-204 – Programming Skills
2. Write a Python program to calculate simple interest for a given principle amount, rate of
interest and no of years.
principle=float(input("Enter the principle amount:"))
time=int(input("Enter the time(years):"))
rate=float(input("Enter the rate:"))
simple_interest=(principle*time*rate)/100
print("The simple interest is:",simple_interest)

3. Write a Python program to display area of triangle.

base = float(input("Enter the base of the triangle: "))
height = float(input("Enter the height of the triangle: "))
area = 0.5 * base * height
print("The area of the triangle is", area)

4. Write a Python program to calculate area of circle.

import math
def area_of_circle(radius):
return math.pi * radius ** 2

radius = float(input("Enter the radius of the circle: "))

area = area_of_circle(radius)
print("The area of the circle is:", area)

5. Write a Python program to calculate area of rectangle.

def area_simple_multiplication(length, width):
return length * width

length = 5
width = 8
result = area_simple_multiplication(length, width)
print(f"Area of Rectangle: {result}")

6. Write a Python program to check whether a number is divisible by 5 and 11 or not.

# This function checks if a number is divisible by 5 and 11
def check_divisibility(number):
if number % 5 == 0 and number % 11 == 0:
return True
else:
return False

number = int(input("Enter a number: "))

if check_divisibility(number):
print("The number is divisible by both 5 and 11.")
else:
print("The number is not divisible by both 5 and 11.")

PROF. BHUMIKA PATEL Smart work + Patience + Believe = Success Page 16

 A.Y-2023-2024
FYBCA-SEM2-204 – Programming Skills
7. Write a python function which accept temperature in Celsius and convert into
Fahrenheit. F= (C * (9/5)) + 32
def celsius_to_fahrenheit(celsius):
fahrenheit = (celsius * 9/5) + 32
return fahrenheit

celsius = 20
fahrenheit = celsius_to_fahrenheit(celsius)

print(fahrenheit)

8. Write a python function which accept Fahrenheit and convert into Celsius.
C= (F-32) * 5 / 9
def fahrenheit_to_celsius(fahrenheit):
celsius = (5 * (fahrenheit - 32)) / 9.0
return celsius

fahrenheit = 100
celsius = fahrenheit_to_celsius(fahrenheit)
print(f"The temperature in Celsius is: {celsius:.2f}°C")

9. Write a Python program to check whether the entered alphabet is vowel or consonant.
letter = input("Enter an alphabet: ")
# Check if the alphabet is a vowel.
if letter in ('a', 'e', 'i', 'o', 'u'):
print(letter, "is a vowel.")
else:
print(letter, "is a consonant.")
10.Write a python UDF to calculate the sum of digits of the entered number.(No:1234
Ans=10)
num = input("Enter Number: ")
sum = 0

for i in num:
sum = sum + int(i)

print(sum)

11.Write a Python program to check whether the number is palindrome or not.

n=int(input("Enter number:"))
temp=n
rev=0
while(n>0):
dig=n%10
rev=rev*10+dig
n=n//10
if(temp==rev):
print("The number is a palindrome!")
else:

PROF. BHUMIKA PATEL Smart work + Patience + Believe = Success Page 17

 A.Y-2023-2024
FYBCA-SEM2-204 – Programming Skills
print("The number isn't a palindrome!")

12.Write a Python program to count characters in the entered string.

def count_characters(string):
count = 0
for character in string:
count += 1
return count

string = "hello world"

print(count_characters(string))

13.Write a Python program to prints all letters except 'a' and 't'
# prints all letters except 'a' and 't'
i=0
str1 = 'SDJ International College'
while i < len(str1):
if str1[i] == 'a' or str1[i] == 't':
i += 1
continue
print('Current Letter :', str1[i])
i += 1

14.Write a Python program to find maximum between two numbers.

def max_of_two(a, b):
if a >= b:
return a
else:
return b

print(max_of_two(3, 5))
print(max_of_two(10, -2))
15.Write a Python program to check whether a character is alphabet or not.
print("Enter a Character: ")
c = input()
if c>='a' and c<='z':
print("\nIt is an alphabet")
elif c>='A' and c<='z':
print("\nIt is an alphabet")
else:
print("\nIt is not an alphabet!")
16.Write a Python program to check whether a character is uppercase or lowercase
alphabet.
string = 'GEEKSFORGEEKS' # Define a string containing only uppercase letters
print(string.isupper()) # Check if all characters in the string are uppercase and print the result

string = 'GeeksforGeeks'# Define a string with a mix of uppercase and lowercase letters

PROF. BHUMIKA PATEL Smart work + Patience + Believe = Success Page 18

 A.Y-2023-2024
FYBCA-SEM2-204 – Programming Skills
print(string.isupper()) # Check if all characters in the string are uppercase and print the result

Output:
True
False

17.Write a Python program to input marks of five subjects Physics, Chemistry, Biology,
Mathematics and Computer. Calculate percentage and grade according to following:
Percentage >= 90% : Grade A
Percentage >= 80% : Grade B
Percentage >= 70% : Grade C
Percentage >= 60% : Grade D
Percentage >= 40% : Grade E
Percentage < 40% : Grade F
rno=input("Enter Student Roll Number :")
sname=input("Enter Student Name :")
sub1=int(input("Enter marks of Physics: "))
sub2=int(input("Enter marks of Chemistry: "))
sub3=int(input("Enter marks of Biology: "))
sub4=int(input("Enter marks of Mathematics: "))
sub5=int(input("Enter marks of Computer: "))
tot=sub1 + sub2 + sub3 + sub4 + sub5
avg=tot / 5
print("Student Roll No is : ",rno)
print("Student Name is :",sname)
print("Marks of Physics:",sub1)
print("Marks of Chemistry:",sub2)
print("Marks of Biology:",sub3)
print("Marks of Mathematics:",sub4)
print("Marks of Computer:",sub5)
print("Total Marks : ",tot)
print("Percentage Marks : ",avg)
if(avg>=90):
print("Grade: A")
elif(avg>=80):
print("Grade: B")
elif(avg>=70):
print("Grade: C")
elif(avg>=60):
print("Grade: D")
elif(avg>=40):
print("Grade: E")
else:
print("Grade: F")

18.Write a Python program to input basic salary of an employee and calculate its Gross
salary according to following:
Basic Salary <= 10000 : HRA = 20%, DA = 80%
Basic Salary <= 20000 : HRA = 25%, DA = 90%
Basic Salary > 20000 : HRA = 30%, DA = 95%
basic_salary = float(input("Enter basic salary: "))

PROF. BHUMIKA PATEL Smart work + Patience + Believe = Success Page 19

 A.Y-2023-2024
FYBCA-SEM2-204 – Programming Skills
if basic_salary <= 10000:
hra = 20 / 100 * basic_salary
da = 80 / 100 * basic_salary
elif basic_salary <= 20000:
hra = 25 / 100 * basic_salary
da = 90 / 100 * basic_salary
else:
hra = 30 / 100 * basic_salary
da = 95 / 100 * basic_salary

gross_salary = basic_salary + hra + da

print("Gross salary:", gross_salary)

Python Loops:
1. Write a Python program to print the multiplication table of a given number using for
loop.

num = int(input("Enter a number: ")) # use a for loop to iterate from 1 to 10

for i in range(1, 11):
print(num, "x", i, "=", num * i)
2. Write a Python program to greet all the person names stored in a list List1.
List1 = [“Salman”, “Arayan”, “Sharukh”, “Virat”]
List1 = ["Salman", "Aryan", "Shahrukh", "Virat"]

for name in List1:

print("Hello", name)
3. Write a Python program to Fibonacci series of n numbers using while loop.
# Initialize the first two Fibonacci numbers.
a=0
b=1 Enter the number of terms: 10
Fibonacci Series:
# Get the number of terms from the user. 0
1
n = int(input("Enter the number of terms: "))
1
2
# Print the Fibonacci series. 3
print("Fibonacci Series:") 5
while n > 0: 8
print(a) 13
21
next_term = a + b
34
a=b
b = next_term
n -= 1

4. Write a Python program to calculate the factorial of a given number using for loop.
def factorial(n):
result = 1
for i in range(1, n + 1):
result *= i
return result

PROF. BHUMIKA PATEL Smart work + Patience + Believe = Success Page 20

 A.Y-2023-2024
FYBCA-SEM2-204 – Programming Skills
number = 5
print(factorial(number))

Python String & List:

1. Write a Python program to compare two strings.
str1 = input("Enter the first String: ")
str2 = input("Enter the second String: ")
if str1 == str2:
print ("First and second strings are equal and same")
else:
print ("First and second strings are not same")

2. Write a Python program to remove duplicates from a list.

duplicateLIST = [2, 4, 10, 20, 5, 2, 20, 4]
print(list(set(duplicateLIST)))

3. Write a Python program to append a list to the second list.

list1 = [1, 2, 3, 0]
list2 = ['Red', 'Green', 'Black'] OUTPUT:
[1, 2, 3, 0, 'Red', 'Green', 'Black']
final_list = list1 + list2

# Print the 'final_list,' which contains elements from both 'list1' and 'list2'
print(final_list)

4. Write a python code to print the sum of the given list in python.
total = 0
Input: [12, 15, 3, 10]
list1 = [11, 5, 17, 18, 23]
Output: 40
for i in range(0, len(list1)):
total = total + list1[i]
print("Sum of all elements in given list: ", total)

5. Write a python program that performs following(APRIL-2022)

a. Print length of string
b. Concatenate two strings
c. Reverse the string using slicing
print("Length of given string is" , len("Hello, World!"))
str1="Hello"
str2="World"
str=str1+str2
print("Concatenated two different strings:",str)
print(str[::-1]) # Reversing the given string

6. Create a python list and perform the following operation: (APRIL-2022)

a. Sort the List
b. Display sum of the all elements of the list
c. Display last element of the list
vowels = ['e', 'a', 'u', 'o', 'i']# vowels list
vowels.sort()# sort the vowels
print('Sorted list:', vowels)# print vowels

PROF. BHUMIKA PATEL Smart work + Patience + Believe = Success Page 21

 A.Y-2023-2024
FYBCA-SEM2-204 – Programming Skills
####Display sum of the all elements of the list#######
total = 0
list1 = [11, 5, 17, 18, 23]
for i in range(0, len(list1)):
total = total + list1[i]
print("Sum of all elements in given list: ", total)

####Display sum of the all elements of the list#######

list1 = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
last_element = list1[-1]
print(last_element)
7. Write a python program that store characters of a word as List elements and removes
vowels from the list. (APRIL-2022)
Example:
Old List : [‘p’,’r’,’o’,’g’,’r’,’a’,’m’]
New List: [‘p’,’r’,’g’,’r’,’m’]
string = "SDJ INTERNATONAL COLLEGE"

vowels = ['a', 'e', 'i', 'o', 'u', 'A', 'E', 'I', 'O', 'U']
result = ""

for i in range(len(string)):
if string[i] not in vowels:
result = result + string[i]

print("\nAfter removing Vowels: ", result)

Extra Practice:
#Use the for loop to iterate a dictionary in the Python script.
capitals = {"USA":"Washington D.C.", "France":"Paris", "India":"New Delhi"}

for key in capitals:

print("Key = " + key + ", Value = " + capitals[key])

#Convert List to Set

names=['Deepak','Reema','John','Deepak','Munna','Reema','Deepak','Amit','John','Reema']
nameset=set(names)
print(nameset)

PROF. BHUMIKA PATEL Smart work + Patience + Believe = Success Page 22