Nursing Theory by Dorothea Orem
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ScribdTranslationsNursing Theory by Dorothea Orem
Uploaded by
ScribdTranslationsNursing Theory
by Dorothea Orem
Metaparadigm
• Person: It is a dynamic integral whole that functions biologically, symbolically and
socially, with the ability to use ideas, words to think and reflect on its own state of health
and guide its efforts in order to carry out self-care actions and the dependent care. 1
• Environment: Represents the set of external factors that influence the person's decision
to undertake self-care or their ability to exercise it. 1
• Health: It is a state of the person that is characterized by the firmness or completeness of
the development of human structures and physical and mental function. It is inseparable
from physical, psychological, interpersonal and social factors, therefore it includes the
promotion and maintenance of health, the treatment of disease and the prevention of
complications. 2
• Nursing: Human service of helping the individual to carry out and maintain self-care
actions to preserve health and life, recover from illness and/or face the consequences of
said illness. 1
+HEALTH
Theories
Orem's general theory is made up of 3 theories which are:
Theory of theory of
Theory of
Deficit of System of
Self-care
Self-care Nursing
(TAC)
(TDAC) (TSE) 1
Self-care Theory
• Self-care: Behavior learned by the individual directed towards themselves and the
environment to regulate the factors that affect their development for the benefit of life,
health and well-being. 1
• Agent: Refers to any person who fulfills the responsibility of knowing and meeting self-
care needs. 1
*0,
Self-care
Self-care for the Dependent: It is the external person who agrees to provide care to
another person important to him or her. 1
Therapeutic Self-Care Needs: It is the set of care measures that are required at certain
times or for a certain time, to cover the person's self-care needs. 2
Self-Care Activity: The deliberate and intentional actions that people carry out to regulate
their own functioning and development. 2
Self-care Requirements
It is a formulated and express advice on the actions that must be carried out
since they are considered necessary to regulate the aspects of the operation and
human development, continuously or under specific conditions; These are divided into:
Requirements
Requirements
self care
self care
development.
universal.
Self-care Requirements
Requirements
self care
deviation of the
health. 2
Source: Riehl Sisca, Orem General Nursing Theory, December 2016.
Self-Care Deficit Theory
It raises the relationship between the person's capacity for action to generate their own
self-care and the demands for therapeutic care or actions necessary to cover the
requirements. 1
From the above arises the theory of Nursing Systems. It refers to “the sequence of
deliberate practical actions carried out by nurses with the purpose of helping the person
adopt a responsible attitude towards their self-care.” 1
Source: Benítez Castelblanco, A; Pérez Cárdenas, Care and self-care practices, December 2016.
Bibliographic references
• Self-Care Deficit Theory: Interpretation from Conceptual Elements. (2008). Science
and Care, 4(4), pp.29-32.
• Fernández Fernández, M. (2010). Historical and Theoretical Bases of Nursing.