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Introduction to manufacturing processes utej PEARSO

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UNIVERSITY

INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES
INTRODUCTION TO THE PROCESSES OF
MANUFACTURING

PIERRE SERGEI ZUPPA AZÚA

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PROCESS
i
STRUCTURE

It consists of capturing
and contain
coherently all set of
variables required
for know and
explain phenomena
broad and general
process

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PROCESS i
UNIVERSITY

(MULLER)
Attributes:
• Purposes: That should be
reach and why?

• Structures: As be
reached the goal?

• Reasoned analysis: What is the

justification behind of the
process?

• Roles: What roles are

present? And what are the criteria
for these roles?

• Ordering: What phases or sequences

are applied?

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THEORY OF THE FOUR CAUSES
Formal: How I know
presents?
Procedure
Material: What is it made
of?
Technology, infrastructure
, driving resource: Who
does it?
Staff
Final: What was the
purpose?
Value creation

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CAUSAL MATRIX OF A PROCESS UNIVERSITY

40 Definition Specific Process item Item Meta-Change Process

formal The form or way of • Constitutive and regulative rules
executing a process, its ■Name i description I scope • Institutionalization
cause
strategy, actions, ■Organizational units involved • Implementation strategy/plan
intermelations, steps and ■Documentary references • Clear/ coherent communications
■Levels J approval authority 5
functions, its • Sense, understanding and perception of the
■Relationships with other processes
institutionalization and ■Macro- references (policies, laws) cambra
communication ■Micro references tetras related tasks)
■Entries and exits
■Description of steps to execute for each role
■Lacronyms glossary : history

■ Technologies and tools ■ Justification of the process

material
■ Materials ! inputs
Material and economic
cause ■ Office facilities
resources, facilities, ■ Process implementation budget
technologies and
infrastructure that make it
possible to carry out a
process

driving People, their energy, skills ■Operational staff t roles I competencies • Key institutionalization roles
and workforce, the most ■Pers on al tactic a/role 5 t -competences • Key roles communication I dissemination
cause
important source of value ■Strategic personnel I roles í competencies • Cultural dynamics of learning/social contagion of
creation change that leads to action
• Incentives/Motivation í Work environment
• Energy/Commitment
• Leadership
• Behavioral alignment/coherence
The final purpose or value ■Mission and goals • Corporate vision of change
final cause
objective that gives meaning ■Value Goals • Contribution to social, personal and corporate
to the process and that ■Justification of the process wealth
■Metrics for measuring and controlling achievement
modulates all of the above • Corporate Costs/Benefits
and
■achievement of objectives • Future performance expectations

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FABRICATION PROCESS UNIVERSITY

It is the amount of inputs and factors

necessary for
obtain a
certain product and
the way in which that
sayings
inputs and factors are
combined.

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ELEMENTS IN A PROCESSES i
MANUFACTURING
• Process to use
• Supplies
• Labour
• Work method
• Machines
• Environment
• Measurement

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CLASSIFICATION OF PROCESSES
MANUFACTURING
• Joining methods
• Heat treatments
• Superficial treatments
• Auxiliary operations
• Factors influencing the
choice of process
• Semi-finished
manufacturing processes
• Elemental pieces
PROCESS TO USE
Decide which process to use. In some cases, the same

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product can be obtained - Labour

i
through different processes.
- Capital
For example:
Time difference in a - Energy
process - Natural resources

It is said that the

processes are
intensive in:

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SUPPLIES
UNIVERSITY

It is an economic concept that allows to name to

a good that is used in the production of
other goods.
Guys:
• Work (labor).
• Physical or productive capital
- Machinery
- Equipment
- Facilities
– Technology in general
- Etc.
• Capital "financial"
(liquid).

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 LABOUR

It is the physical effort as

mental that is applied
during the production
process of
a good.

Guys:
– Direct
– Indirect

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WORK UNIVERSITY

METHOD
It is the logical and
orderly sequence of
PROCESS STRUCTURE 2
THEORY OF THE FOUR CAUSES 4
CAUSAL MATRIX OF A PROCESS 5
FABRICATION PROCESS 6
PROCESS TO USE 8
SUPPLIES 10
LABOUR 11
WORK METHOD 12
ENVIRONMENT 14
MEASUREMENT 16
PROCESS DESIGN 17
TRANSFORMATION PROCCESS 19
MATERIAL REMOVAL 21

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STATUS CHANGE 22 i
UNIVERSITY
PLASTIC DEFORMATION 24
UNIONS 25
MATRIX OF PROCESSES VS. MATERIALS 26
TYPE OF MATERIALS 27
PHRASE 28

transformation.

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ENVIRONMENT UNIVERSITY

It refers to the order

and cleanliness of the
productive sector.

The

manufacturing
always produces,
negative effect on the

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environment. UNIVERSITY

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utej PEARSO
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MEASUREMENT
i
UNIVERSITY

Consists in
compare what is
planned
against what was
done.

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utej PEARSO
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PROCESS DESIGN i
UNIVERSITY

It is the design and the

choice of the
sequence of
physical and/or chemical
transformations of a material in
order to obtain another of greater
worth either

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utility. i
UNIVERSITY

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TRANSFORMATION i
PROCCESS

It is the sequence
in stages that aims
to create an article,
with defined and
useful shape and
dimensions from
the raw material.

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CLASSIFICATION OF PROCESSES i
UNIVERSITY

OBTAINING THE FORM

Are
Transformations have given
rise to products with which
we all interact through use.

• Material removal
• Status change
• plastic deformation
• Joining means

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MATERIAL REMOVAL i
These are procedures in which solid
material (chip) is removed from a
larger mass to approximate the desired
shape.

For example:
- Size
– Turning

– Drilling

– Abrasion

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STATUS CHANGE i
Techniques that
they take advantagethe
ability of the
matter to change physical state; from
solid to liquid, from liquid to gas, etc.

Examples:
• Foundry of

metals
• Injection of

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thermoplastics i
UNIVERSITY

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PLASTIC DEFORMATION i
It is based on the characteristic of some
materials to change his shape
geometric and volumetric in
response to a mechanical
stimulus.

Examples:
• Paper sheet folding
• clay modeling

• Embossed

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UNIONS i
UNIVERSITY

Are items that do

that several parts
form one part or a
all inside of the
product configuration.

Examples:
– Mechanics: rivets.
– Chemicals: adhesives.
– Thermal: welding.

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MATRIX OF PROCESSES VS. MATERIALS UNIVERSITY

Processes / Material removal Status change plastic Unions

Materials deformation

Biological Food; Paper folding Dovetail

Wood carving Chocolates Assemblies
Ivory carving
Ceramics Sculpture Ceramic
Jewelry and Plaster molds, modeling Adhesives and
rhinestones Stoneware glues, Cements
Metals Mechanized. Foundry Forging,
laminated Screws, rivets,
folding. bolts.
Polymers Machining, Injection, Thermoformed, Screws,
Abrasion, Extrusion. Blown. assemblies,
Erosion. adhesives.

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TYPE OF MATERIALS UNIVERSITY

Type of Description Examples

material
They are derived from living species. They are the first Leather, wood, cotton, silk,
Biological materials with which primitive man began to benefit, ivory, among others.
transforming them into satisfiers.
They are minerals formed from feldspars and silicates, Stoneware, marble, clay,
Ceramics they are characterized by being very good thermal, glass, etc.
acoustic and electrical insulators.
Metals, unlike ceramics, are very good conductors. They Steels, aluminum, copper
can be classified in many ways, but in the industry the alloys, zinc, antimony,
Metals most practical way is Ferrous and Non-ferrous, among others.
depending on whether or not they contain iron.
They are macromolecules obtained by various chemical Polyethylene (PE),
condensation processes, the majority are derived from polypropylene (PP),
petroleum and are classified according to their physical polystyrene (PS), acrylics
Polymers
properties into Thermoplastics, Thermostable and
(PMMA), etc.
Elastomers.

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PHRASE UNIVERSITY

"Quality means doing what

right when no one is there
looking".
Henry Ford

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